Ian T Lawson
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 145664 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Ian T Lawson |
| PRENOMES | Ian T |
| SOBRENOME | Lawson |
| ASSINATURA | LAWSON I T |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of St Andrews |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-3547-2425 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 23 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 225 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 23 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2000 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 7 |
Long‐term interventions by conservation and development projects support successful recovery of tropical peatlands in Amazonia
Rural communities in Amazonia rely on harvesting Mauritia flexuosa fruit, a dominant peatland palm, for their subsistence and income. However, these palms are felled to harvest the fruits, which has led to reduced resource availability due to the pressure exerted by the increasing fruit demand. As a result, climbing has been proposed as a means to harvest the fruits sustainably. However, the long‐term ecological and socio‐economic impacts of clim…
Timing of peat initiation across the central Congo Basin
The central Congo Basin contains the world’s most extensive tropical peatland complex, spanning 16.7 million hectares. Until now, radiocarbon dating of basal peats has been limited to 14 samples with poor spatial coverage, and suggested that peat typically initiated during the Holocene. We present 38 new basal dates, improving spatial coverage across the region. Some of the new basal dates are much older than any previous dates, indicating that p…
Widespread carbon-dense peatlands in the Colombian lowlands
Peatlands are some of the world’s most carbon-dense ecosystems and release substantial quantities of greenhouse gases when degraded. However, conserving peatlands in many tropical areas is challenging due to limited knowledge of their distribution. To address this, we surveyed soils and plant communities in Colombia’s eastern lowlands, where few peatlands have previously been described. We documented peat soils >40 cm thick at 51 of more than 100…
A new data-driven map predicts substantial undocumented peatland areas in Amazonia
Tropical peatlands are among the most carbon-dense terrestrial ecosystems yet recorded. Collectively, they comprise a large but highly uncertain reservoir of the global carbon cycle, with wide-ranging estimates of their global area (441 025–1700 000 km 2 ) and below-ground carbon storage (105–288 Pg C). Substantial gaps remain in our understanding of peatland distribution in some key regions, including most of tropical South America. Here we comp…
Navigating shifting waters
This paper examines the relationships between extractive infrastructure, changing territorial strategies, and contemporary processes of subject formation among the Urarina, an indigenous people in the Peruvian Amazon. We first introduce the uneven and combined character of oil extraction in the Loreto region in north-eastern Peru, and how its racialised spatial contradictions are expressed in the ethnopolitical field that gives political form to …
The vulnerability of tropical peatlands to oil and gas exploration and extraction
Tropical peatlands store globally significant quantities of carbon and are ecologically and culturally important, but little is known about their vulnerability to oil and gas exploration and extraction. Here, we analyse the exposure of tropical peatlands to the activities of the petroleum industry and review what is known about the sensitivity of peatlands to these activities. We find that 8.3% (107,000 km 2 ) of the total area of tropical peatla…
Intensive field sampling increases the known extent of carbon-rich Amazonian peatland pole forests
Peatland pole forest is the most carbon-dense ecosystem in Amazonia, but its spatial distribution and species composition are poorly known. To address this knowledge gap, we quantified variation in the floristic composition, peat thickness, and the amount of carbon stored above and below ground of 102 forest plots and 53 transects in northern Peruvian Amazonia. This large dataset includes 571 ground reference points of peat thickness measurements…
What Did Hooke Want from the Microscope? Magnification, Matter Theory and Mechanism
This article discusses Hooke’s microscopy in the context of the nature of his explanations of natural phenomena. It illustrates that while Hooke’s particular conception of microscopy certainly cohered with his general framework of mechanical philosophy, he thought of his microscope as an artisanal tool that could help him examine unknown natural machinery. It seems, however, that he never used magnifying lenses with the hope of confirming mechani…
Peatland and wetland ecosystems in Peruvian Amazonia
Schulz, C., M. Martín Brañas, C. Núñez Pérez, M. Del Aguila Villacorta, N. Laurie, I. T. Lawson, and K. H. Roucoux. 2019. Peatland and wetland ecosystems in Peruvian Amazonia: indigenous classifications and perspectives. Ecology and Society 24(2):12. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-10886-240212
The application of resilience concepts in palaeoecology
The concept of resilience has become increasingly important in ecological and socio-ecological literature. With its focus on the temporal behaviour of ecosystems, palaeoecology has an important role to play in developing a scientific understanding of ecological resilience. We provide a critical review of the ways in which resilience is being addressed by palaeoecologists. We review ~180 papers, identifying the definitions or conceptualisations of…
Deforestation and Human Agency in the North Atlantic Region
This paper considers the timing and mechanisms of deforestation in the Western Isles of Scotland, focusing in particular on the landscape around the Calanais stone circles, one of the best preserved late Neolithic/early Bronze Age monumental landscapes in north-west Europe. We present new archaeological and palaeoenvironmental evidence from a soil and peat sequence at the site of Aird Calanais, which spans the main period of use of the Calanais c…
The onset of the palaeoanthropocene in Iceland
Pre-industrial human impacts on the past environment are apparent in different proxy records at different times in different places. Recognizing environmentally transformative human impacts in palaeoenvironmental archives, as opposed to natural variability, is a key challenge in understanding the nature of the transition to the Earth’s current ‘Anthropocene’ condition. Here, we consider the palaeoenvironmental record for Iceland over the past 2.5…
The distribution and amount of carbon in the largest peatland complex in Amazonia
Peatlands in Amazonian Peru are known to store large quantities of carbon, but there is high uncertainty in the spatial extent and total carbon stocks of these ecosystems. Here, we use a multi-sensor (Landsat, ALOS PALSAR and SRTM) remote sensing approach, together with field data including 24 forest census plots and 218 peat thickness measurements, to map the distribution of peatland vegetation types and calculate the combined above-and below-gr…
Millennial-scale variability during the last glacial in vegetation records from Europe
Lateglacial and Holocene vegetation dynamics in the Aegean region
To elucidate the vegetation dynamics in the Aegean region during the last 20 kyr, we have studied terrestrial palynomorphs in marine core GeoTü SL152 (Mount Athos Basin, northern Aegean Sea) at centennial-scale (125 to 300 yr) resolution. The robust chronology of the core allows us to reliably date signals of short-term vegetation change in the Aegean region. For the Pleniglacial interval until ~14.6 kyr BP, our data document steppe vegetation, s…
The Chironomidae of Gróthúsvatn, Sandoy, Faroe Islands
Chironomids were examined as part of a multiproxy palaeolimnological study of Gróthúsvatn, Sandoy, Faroe Islands. A total of 37 taxa was found in the top 1 m of the core. Chironomid-inferred total phosphorus and temperature reconstructions indicate that after landnám (the Norse settlement period) total phosphorus levels rose slightly, then peaked at a temperature minimum (interpreted as the `Little Ice Age'). Total phosphorus levels subsequently …
Landscapes of Settlement in Northern Iceland
Early settlement in the North Atlantic produced complex interactions of culture and nature. The sustained program of interdisciplinary collaboration is intended to focus on ninth- to 13th-century sites and landscapes in the highland interior lake basin of Mývatn in Iceland and to contribute a long-term perspective to larger issues of sustainable resource use, soil erosion, and the historical ecology of global change
Puffins, Pigs, Cod and Barley
This paper reports on the zooarchaeological and archaeobotanical remains from the initial season of excavations at the Norse period site at Undir Junkarinsfløtti in the Faroe islands. These remains represent the first zooarchaeological analysis undertaken for the Faroes and only the third archaeobotanical assemblage published from the islands. The excavated deposits are described and the key findings from the palaeoenvironmental remains highlight…
Lateglacial and Holocene vegetation history at Nisi Fen and the Boras mountains, northern Greece
New pollen data from three contrasting sites in northern Greece allow an analysis of spatial and temporal patterns of vegetation change during the Holocene and Lateglacial in northern Greece. At the principal site, Nisi Fen, six cores from the thickest surficial peat deposits have yielded a detailed, composite, AMS 14 C-dated pollen record covering the period from 20000 cal. BP almost to the present-day. Cores Kp-4 and Bor-3 were taken from small…
The Norse landnám on the North Atlantic islands
The Norse colonisation or landnám of the North Atlantic islands of the Faroes, Iceland, and Greenland from the ninth century AD onwards provides opportunities to examine human environmental impacts on ‘pristine’ landscapes on an environmental gradient from warmer, more maritime conditions in the east to colder, more continental conditions in the west. This paper considers key environmental contrasts across the Atlantic and initial settlement impa…
Historical Ecology on Sandoy, Faroe Islands
We present palaeoenvironmental, geomorphological, archaeological, and place-name data which allow a holistic assessment of the history of landscape change on Sandoy, Faroe Islands, especially in terms of the changes that occurred in response to the colonization of the island by humans. In contrast to other situations in the North Atlantic region, there is considerable continuity in the patterns and processes of landscape evolution across the init…
A revised chronological and palaeoenvironmental framework for the Kastritsa rockshelter, northwest Greece
Archaeological, palynological and palaeolimnological evidence is combined with new AMS radiocarbon dates to shed new light on a long-known, yet only partially understood, Upper Palaeolithic occupation in southeast Europe
Hofstaðir
This is the first output from a multi national collaborative project based in Iceland. The site is a substantial settlement or skali, which has been variously interepreted as a pagan temple or a ritualistic centre. It is clear it is a primary farmstead which played a major local and national role. The material culture (Batey) demonstrates the use of both the primary tool kit from Scandinavia and the modifications needed though life in a new count…
Landscapes of Settlement in Northern Iceland
Early settlement in the North Atlantic produced complex interactions of culture and nature. The sustained program of interdisciplinary collaboration is intended to focus on ninth- to 13th-century sites and landscapes in the highland interior lake basin of Mývatn in Iceland and to contribute a long-term perspective to larger issues of sustainable resource use, soil erosion, and the historical ecology of global change
Historical Ecology on Sandoy, Faroe Islands
We present palaeoenvironmental, geomorphological, archaeological, and place-name data which allow a holistic assessment of the history of landscape change on Sandoy, Faroe Islands, especially in terms of the changes that occurred in response to the colonization of the island by humans. In contrast to other situations in the North Atlantic region, there is considerable continuity in the patterns and processes of landscape evolution across the init…
The Norse landnám on the North Atlantic islands
The Norse colonisation or landnám of the North Atlantic islands of the Faroes, Iceland, and Greenland from the ninth century AD onwards provides opportunities to examine human environmental impacts on ‘pristine’ landscapes on an environmental gradient from warmer, more maritime conditions in the east to colder, more continental conditions in the west. This paper considers key environmental contrasts across the Atlantic and initial settlement impa…
A revised chronological and palaeoenvironmental framework for the Kastritsa rockshelter, northwest Greece
Archaeological, palynological and palaeolimnological evidence is combined with new AMS radiocarbon dates to shed new light on a long-known, yet only partially understood, Upper Palaeolithic occupation in southeast Europe
Puffins, Pigs, Cod and Barley
This paper reports on the zooarchaeological and archaeobotanical remains from the initial season of excavations at the Norse period site at Undir Junkarinsfløtti in the Faroe islands. These remains represent the first zooarchaeological analysis undertaken for the Faroes and only the third archaeobotanical assemblage published from the islands. The excavated deposits are described and the key findings from the palaeoenvironmental remains highlight…
Lateglacial and Holocene vegetation dynamics in the Aegean region
To elucidate the vegetation dynamics in the Aegean region during the last 20 kyr, we have studied terrestrial palynomorphs in marine core GeoTü SL152 (Mount Athos Basin, northern Aegean Sea) at centennial-scale (125 to 300 yr) resolution. The robust chronology of the core allows us to reliably date signals of short-term vegetation change in the Aegean region. For the Pleniglacial interval until ~14.6 kyr BP, our data document steppe vegetation, s…
The onset of the palaeoanthropocene in Iceland
Pre-industrial human impacts on the past environment are apparent in different proxy records at different times in different places. Recognizing environmentally transformative human impacts in palaeoenvironmental archives, as opposed to natural variability, is a key challenge in understanding the nature of the transition to the Earth’s current ‘Anthropocene’ condition. Here, we consider the palaeoenvironmental record for Iceland over the past 2.5…
Lateglacial and Holocene vegetation history at Nisi Fen and the Boras mountains, northern Greece
New pollen data from three contrasting sites in northern Greece allow an analysis of spatial and temporal patterns of vegetation change during the Holocene and Lateglacial in northern Greece. At the principal site, Nisi Fen, six cores from the thickest surficial peat deposits have yielded a detailed, composite, AMS 14 C-dated pollen record covering the period from 20000 cal. BP almost to the present-day. Cores Kp-4 and Bor-3 were taken from small…
Peatland and wetland ecosystems in Peruvian Amazonia
Schulz, C., M. Martín Brañas, C. Núñez Pérez, M. Del Aguila Villacorta, N. Laurie, I. T. Lawson, and K. H. Roucoux. 2019. Peatland and wetland ecosystems in Peruvian Amazonia: indigenous classifications and perspectives. Ecology and Society 24(2):12. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-10886-240212
The application of resilience concepts in palaeoecology
The concept of resilience has become increasingly important in ecological and socio-ecological literature. With its focus on the temporal behaviour of ecosystems, palaeoecology has an important role to play in developing a scientific understanding of ecological resilience. We provide a critical review of the ways in which resilience is being addressed by palaeoecologists. We review ~180 papers, identifying the definitions or conceptualisations of…
The Chironomidae of Gróthúsvatn, Sandoy, Faroe Islands
Chironomids were examined as part of a multiproxy palaeolimnological study of Gróthúsvatn, Sandoy, Faroe Islands. A total of 37 taxa was found in the top 1 m of the core. Chironomid-inferred total phosphorus and temperature reconstructions indicate that after landnám (the Norse settlement period) total phosphorus levels rose slightly, then peaked at a temperature minimum (interpreted as the `Little Ice Age'). Total phosphorus levels subsequently …
The vulnerability of tropical peatlands to oil and gas exploration and extraction
Tropical peatlands store globally significant quantities of carbon and are ecologically and culturally important, but little is known about their vulnerability to oil and gas exploration and extraction. Here, we analyse the exposure of tropical peatlands to the activities of the petroleum industry and review what is known about the sensitivity of peatlands to these activities. We find that 8.3% (107,000 km 2 ) of the total area of tropical peatla…
Deforestation and Human Agency in the North Atlantic Region
This paper considers the timing and mechanisms of deforestation in the Western Isles of Scotland, focusing in particular on the landscape around the Calanais stone circles, one of the best preserved late Neolithic/early Bronze Age monumental landscapes in north-west Europe. We present new archaeological and palaeoenvironmental evidence from a soil and peat sequence at the site of Aird Calanais, which spans the main period of use of the Calanais c…
A revised chronological and palaeoenvironmental framework for the Kastritsa rockshelter, northwest Greece
Archaeological, palynological and palaeolimnological evidence is combined with new AMS radiocarbon dates to shed new light on a long-known, yet only partially understood, Upper Palaeolithic occupation in southeast Europe
Puffins, Pigs, Cod and Barley
This paper reports on the zooarchaeological and archaeobotanical remains from the initial season of excavations at the Norse period site at Undir Junkarinsfløtti in the Faroe islands. These remains represent the first zooarchaeological analysis undertaken for the Faroes and only the third archaeobotanical assemblage published from the islands. The excavated deposits are described and the key findings from the palaeoenvironmental remains highlight…
Lateglacial and Holocene vegetation history at Nisi Fen and the Boras mountains, northern Greece
New pollen data from three contrasting sites in northern Greece allow an analysis of spatial and temporal patterns of vegetation change during the Holocene and Lateglacial in northern Greece. At the principal site, Nisi Fen, six cores from the thickest surficial peat deposits have yielded a detailed, composite, AMS 14 C-dated pollen record covering the period from 20000 cal. BP almost to the present-day. Cores Kp-4 and Bor-3 were taken from small…
The Norse landnám on the North Atlantic islands
The Norse colonisation or landnám of the North Atlantic islands of the Faroes, Iceland, and Greenland from the ninth century AD onwards provides opportunities to examine human environmental impacts on ‘pristine’ landscapes on an environmental gradient from warmer, more maritime conditions in the east to colder, more continental conditions in the west. This paper considers key environmental contrasts across the Atlantic and initial settlement impa…
Historical Ecology on Sandoy, Faroe Islands
We present palaeoenvironmental, geomorphological, archaeological, and place-name data which allow a holistic assessment of the history of landscape change on Sandoy, Faroe Islands, especially in terms of the changes that occurred in response to the colonization of the island by humans. In contrast to other situations in the North Atlantic region, there is considerable continuity in the patterns and processes of landscape evolution across the init…
The Chironomidae of Gróthúsvatn, Sandoy, Faroe Islands
Chironomids were examined as part of a multiproxy palaeolimnological study of Gróthúsvatn, Sandoy, Faroe Islands. A total of 37 taxa was found in the top 1 m of the core. Chironomid-inferred total phosphorus and temperature reconstructions indicate that after landnám (the Norse settlement period) total phosphorus levels rose slightly, then peaked at a temperature minimum (interpreted as the `Little Ice Age'). Total phosphorus levels subsequently …
Landscapes of Settlement in Northern Iceland
Early settlement in the North Atlantic produced complex interactions of culture and nature. The sustained program of interdisciplinary collaboration is intended to focus on ninth- to 13th-century sites and landscapes in the highland interior lake basin of Mývatn in Iceland and to contribute a long-term perspective to larger issues of sustainable resource use, soil erosion, and the historical ecology of global change
Lateglacial and Holocene vegetation dynamics in the Aegean region
To elucidate the vegetation dynamics in the Aegean region during the last 20 kyr, we have studied terrestrial palynomorphs in marine core GeoTü SL152 (Mount Athos Basin, northern Aegean Sea) at centennial-scale (125 to 300 yr) resolution. The robust chronology of the core allows us to reliably date signals of short-term vegetation change in the Aegean region. For the Pleniglacial interval until ~14.6 kyr BP, our data document steppe vegetation, s…
Millennial-scale variability during the last glacial in vegetation records from Europe
The distribution and amount of carbon in the largest peatland complex in Amazonia
Peatlands in Amazonian Peru are known to store large quantities of carbon, but there is high uncertainty in the spatial extent and total carbon stocks of these ecosystems. Here, we use a multi-sensor (Landsat, ALOS PALSAR and SRTM) remote sensing approach, together with field data including 24 forest census plots and 218 peat thickness measurements, to map the distribution of peatland vegetation types and calculate the combined above-and below-gr…
The onset of the palaeoanthropocene in Iceland
Pre-industrial human impacts on the past environment are apparent in different proxy records at different times in different places. Recognizing environmentally transformative human impacts in palaeoenvironmental archives, as opposed to natural variability, is a key challenge in understanding the nature of the transition to the Earth’s current ‘Anthropocene’ condition. Here, we consider the palaeoenvironmental record for Iceland over the past 2.5…
The application of resilience concepts in palaeoecology
The concept of resilience has become increasingly important in ecological and socio-ecological literature. With its focus on the temporal behaviour of ecosystems, palaeoecology has an important role to play in developing a scientific understanding of ecological resilience. We provide a critical review of the ways in which resilience is being addressed by palaeoecologists. We review ~180 papers, identifying the definitions or conceptualisations of…
Deforestation and Human Agency in the North Atlantic Region
This paper considers the timing and mechanisms of deforestation in the Western Isles of Scotland, focusing in particular on the landscape around the Calanais stone circles, one of the best preserved late Neolithic/early Bronze Age monumental landscapes in north-west Europe. We present new archaeological and palaeoenvironmental evidence from a soil and peat sequence at the site of Aird Calanais, which spans the main period of use of the Calanais c…
Peatland and wetland ecosystems in Peruvian Amazonia
Schulz, C., M. Martín Brañas, C. Núñez Pérez, M. Del Aguila Villacorta, N. Laurie, I. T. Lawson, and K. H. Roucoux. 2019. Peatland and wetland ecosystems in Peruvian Amazonia: indigenous classifications and perspectives. Ecology and Society 24(2):12. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-10886-240212
Intensive field sampling increases the known extent of carbon-rich Amazonian peatland pole forests
Peatland pole forest is the most carbon-dense ecosystem in Amazonia, but its spatial distribution and species composition are poorly known. To address this knowledge gap, we quantified variation in the floristic composition, peat thickness, and the amount of carbon stored above and below ground of 102 forest plots and 53 transects in northern Peruvian Amazonia. This large dataset includes 571 ground reference points of peat thickness measurements…
What Did Hooke Want from the Microscope? Magnification, Matter Theory and Mechanism
This article discusses Hooke’s microscopy in the context of the nature of his explanations of natural phenomena. It illustrates that while Hooke’s particular conception of microscopy certainly cohered with his general framework of mechanical philosophy, he thought of his microscope as an artisanal tool that could help him examine unknown natural machinery. It seems, however, that he never used magnifying lenses with the hope of confirming mechani…
The vulnerability of tropical peatlands to oil and gas exploration and extraction
Tropical peatlands store globally significant quantities of carbon and are ecologically and culturally important, but little is known about their vulnerability to oil and gas exploration and extraction. Here, we analyse the exposure of tropical peatlands to the activities of the petroleum industry and review what is known about the sensitivity of peatlands to these activities. We find that 8.3% (107,000 km 2 ) of the total area of tropical peatla…
Navigating shifting waters
This paper examines the relationships between extractive infrastructure, changing territorial strategies, and contemporary processes of subject formation among the Urarina, an indigenous people in the Peruvian Amazon. We first introduce the uneven and combined character of oil extraction in the Loreto region in north-eastern Peru, and how its racialised spatial contradictions are expressed in the ethnopolitical field that gives political form to …
Hofstaðir
This is the first output from a multi national collaborative project based in Iceland. The site is a substantial settlement or skali, which has been variously interepreted as a pagan temple or a ritualistic centre. It is clear it is a primary farmstead which played a major local and national role. The material culture (Batey) demonstrates the use of both the primary tool kit from Scandinavia and the modifications needed though life in a new count…
A new data-driven map predicts substantial undocumented peatland areas in Amazonia
Tropical peatlands are among the most carbon-dense terrestrial ecosystems yet recorded. Collectively, they comprise a large but highly uncertain reservoir of the global carbon cycle, with wide-ranging estimates of their global area (441 025–1700 000 km 2 ) and below-ground carbon storage (105–288 Pg C). Substantial gaps remain in our understanding of peatland distribution in some key regions, including most of tropical South America. Here we comp…
Long‐term interventions by conservation and development projects support successful recovery of tropical peatlands in Amazonia
Rural communities in Amazonia rely on harvesting Mauritia flexuosa fruit, a dominant peatland palm, for their subsistence and income. However, these palms are felled to harvest the fruits, which has led to reduced resource availability due to the pressure exerted by the increasing fruit demand. As a result, climbing has been proposed as a means to harvest the fruits sustainably. However, the long‐term ecological and socio‐economic impacts of clim…
Timing of peat initiation across the central Congo Basin
The central Congo Basin contains the world’s most extensive tropical peatland complex, spanning 16.7 million hectares. Until now, radiocarbon dating of basal peats has been limited to 14 samples with poor spatial coverage, and suggested that peat typically initiated during the Holocene. We present 38 new basal dates, improving spatial coverage across the region. Some of the new basal dates are much older than any previous dates, indicating that p…
Widespread carbon-dense peatlands in the Colombian lowlands
Peatlands are some of the world’s most carbon-dense ecosystems and release substantial quantities of greenhouse gases when degraded. However, conserving peatlands in many tropical areas is challenging due to limited knowledge of their distribution. To address this, we surveyed soils and plant communities in Colombia’s eastern lowlands, where few peatlands have previously been described. We documented peat soils >40 cm thick at 51 of more than 100…
Geography (21 obras) · Ecology (14 obras) · Archaeology (13 obras) · Geology and Paleoclimatology Research (13 obras) · Biology (10 obras) · Geology (10 obras) · Peat (10 obras) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (9 obras) · Environmental Science (9 obras) · Physical geography (9 obras)