Peter R Neumann
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 1472019 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Peter R Neumann |
| PRENOMES | Peter R |
| SOBRENOME | Neumann |
| ASSINATURA | NEUMANN P R |
| AFILIAÇÕES | King's College London |
| ORCID | 0009-0006-4447-1244 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 29 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 160 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 29 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2003 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 7 |
Is Khorasan
This study is the first to provide a systematic account of a vital component of IS-Khorasan’s global operations: the “Turkey nexus”. Drawing on the indictment from the largest Turkish trial against ISK members, it shows that Turkey plays a key role in the group’s global expansion; that it does not, however, function as an independent center of power; and that ISK has largely failed to mount successful attacks inside Turkey. Our conclusion: For IS…
Bluster
Donald Trump promised to defeat terrorism, but there is no easy way to make sense of his war on terror. Is it a genuine strategic shift from previous administrations? Or is it all bluster, a way to score points with his base? Hamstrung by his administration's weakness, Trump hasn't actually changed much about counterterrorism. What is different is the ideological agenda--excessively militaristic and short-sighted. Foreign alliances have deteriora…
Radicalized
As ISIS seeks to expand its reach in the Middle East, its territory serves as a base for training and operations for a new generation of jihadis. Thousands of young people from the West, primarily from Europe, have travelled to join ISIS, re-emerging as hardened fighters with military training and a network of international contacts. Many of these have now returned to their homelands, where it is feared they are planning a new series of brutal at…
How Rigorous Is Radicalization Research
This article examines the quality and rigor of the academic literature on radicalization. Drawing on a sample of 260 publications that make claims for empirical research and were published between 1980 and 2010, it shows that qualitative approaches dominate, and that a significant number of publications relies on secondary sources—not primary research—to support their conclusions. Methodologies tend to be stronger and more rigorous in the social …
Options and Strategies for Countering Online Radicalization in the United States
The purpose of this article is to inform the debate about strategies and options for countering online radicalization within the U.S. domestic context. Its aim is to provide a better understanding of how the Internet facilitates radicalization; an appreciation of the dilemmas and tradeoffs that are involved in countering online radicalization within the United States; and ideas and best practices for making the emerging approach and strategy rich…
The trouble with radicalization
Though widely used by academics and policymakers in the context of the “War on Terror”, the concept of radicalisation lacks clarity. As this article will show, radicalization is not a myth, but its meaning is ambiguous, and the major controversies and debates that have sprung from it are linked to the same, inherent ambiguity. The principal conceptual fault line is between notions of radicalization that emphasize extremist beliefs (“cognitive rad…
Joining al-Qaeda
In Britain alone, several thousand young Muslims are thought to be part of violent extremist networks. How did they become involved? What are the mechanisms and dynamics through which European Muslims join al-Qaeda and groups inspired by al-Qaeda? This paper explains the processes whereby European Muslims are recruited into the Islamist militant movement. It reveals that although overt recruitment has been driven underground, prisons and other ‘p…
Locating Al Qaeda's Center of Gravity
This article claims that the ongoing debate about the structure and dynamics of Al Qaeda has failed to appreciate the importance of an organizational layer that is situated between the top leadership and the grass-roots. Rather than being “leaderless,” it is the group's middle management that holds Al Qaeda together. In Clausewitzian terms, Al Qaeda's middle managers represent a center of gravity—a “hub of ... power and movement”—that facilitates…
Joining al-Qaeda
Introduction 1. Dynamics and Structures 2. Recruitment Grounds 3. The Recruiters 4. The Message 5. The Internet Conclusion
The Strategy of Terrorism
1. Introduction 2. Terrorism and Strategic Theory 3. The Strategy of Terrorism 4. Flawed Assumptions 5. The Escalation Trap 6. Conclusion
The Strategy of Terrorism
This is the first book to set out a comprehensive framework by which to understand terrorism as strategy. It contends that even terrorism of the supposedly nihilist variety can be viewed as a bona fide method for distributing means to fulfil the ends of policy, that is, as a strategy. The main purpose of the work is to describe the dynamics of terr
A Review of
Europe's Jihadist Dilemma
Various conditions have facilitated Europe's rise as a 'hub' of global jihad, especially the presence of a nucleus of foreign Islamist activists, a large pool of potential recruits, and the freedom to operate with few, if any, restrictions. The Iraq war has prompted a revival of the jihadist network in Europe. In response, European policymakers need legal reforms, increased institutional cooperation and sustained efforts to engage with European M…
From Revolution to Devolution
Is the IRA still a threat to peace in Northern Ireland? Using the methods of strategic analysis, the author advances two interpretations of the IRA's current strategy, both of which stress the continuing value of organised violence in Republican strategic thinking. However, whereas the first interpretation contends that the IRA's current strategy contradicts the aims of the peace process, the second argues that the IRA's continued involvement in …
The bullet and the ballot box
This paper aims to find out how participation in the electoral process may have helped to alter the strategic outlook of the Irish Republican movement. The questions to be answered are whether electoral participation has contributed to the diminishing importance of terrorist violence in Irish Republican strategy, and – in particular – how electoral participation has influenced the process of strategic change. Based on the construction of a sound …
Strategic terrorism
This article seeks to lay out a comprehensive framework by which those who utilize a campaign of strategic terrorism seek to attain their ends. It identifies a distinctive modus operandi: 1) disorientation: to alienate the authorities from their citizens, reducing the government to impotence in the eyes of the population; 2) target response: to induce a target to respond in a manner that is favorable to the insurgent cause; 3) gaining legitimacy:…
Motorman's Long Journey
Operation Motorman – the ending of the ‘no-go’ areas in Belfast and Londonderry – was one the biggest deployments of British forces since 1945, yet few analysts have grasped its enduring significance. This article argues that Motorman helped break the vicious circle of violence and atrocity that characterised the most violent years of the early troubles. In hindsight we can see that the aftermath of the operation irrevocably altered the strategic…
Missing the Plot? Intelligence and Discourse Failure
Sharing the Burden
The Anglo-Irish Agreement (AIA) of 1985 was the central political event of the 1982–88 period. It originated from the political pressures that had made the operation of undiminished Direct Rule in the 1976–82 period impossible. Although it was immediately described as ‘the most significant political development since the state of Northern Ireland was created’, 1 from a British perspective, it failed to achieve the intended purpose of easing the o…
The Strategic Tradition of the British Government in Northern Ireland
In the preceding chapter, it was shown that strategy does not operate in the domain of pure rationality, but that in addition to the ‘cold calculation’ of interest there are also values and ideologies that determine the behaviour of an actor. Accordingly, the aim of this section is to construct the ‘strategic tradition’ of the British government in Northern Ireland, that is, to explain its main assumptions and motivational patterns, and to demons…
Going it Alone? Direct Rule under Pressure, 1976–82
Recognising its previous failure to create the perception of constitutional security, the British government opted for a continued period of undiminished Direct Rule, accompanied by the strongest affirmation yet of London’s will to govern the province. Only six years later, London was compelled to end the experiment. The assumption of absolute British sovereignty over Northern Ireland had become impossible, and Dublin was — again — ‘included in’.…
Avoiding Responsibility? London on the Defensive, 1969–72
The years 1969–72 represented a period of rapid, if not dramatic, change. In August 1969, London — in its first significant intervention — agreed to deploy the Army to Northern Ireland in order to prevent inter-sectarian violence. Within two and a half years, the troops themselves had become the targets, and Westminster thought it necessary to abolish the structures of self-government and assume the direct rule of Northern Ireland.
No Quick Fix
With the abolition of Stormont, the British government had freed itself from a constitutional straitjacket. It was now at liberty to implement the strategy it had decided upon after the failure of internment in August 1971. However, as a Times leader warned in March 1972, Direct Rule was ‘easier to get into than out of’.1 Indeed, the following years were marked by London’s efforts to ‘get out’ of Direct Rule, and its repeated failure to do so.
Conclusion
The preceding chapters of this study have outlined some of the dominant themes in British government policy and followed them through various periods of British involvement. As a result, it is now possible to address some of the questions that were outlined in the first chapter of this work. These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
The War is Over? Success and Failure of British Strategy, 1989–98
The conclusion of the Belfast Agreement in 1998 has undoubtedly been the climax of British policy in Northern Ireland. The political continuity of the peace accord was immediately acknowledged, most notably by a Nationalist MP, who described it as ‘Sunningdale for slow learners’. 1 Arguably, with the Belfast agreement, the British government has finally achieved its political objective, yet it still remains to be seen whether it can provide the s…
The trouble with radicalization
Though widely used by academics and policymakers in the context of the “War on Terror”, the concept of radicalisation lacks clarity. As this article will show, radicalization is not a myth, but its meaning is ambiguous, and the major controversies and debates that have sprung from it are linked to the same, inherent ambiguity. The principal conceptual fault line is between notions of radicalization that emphasize extremist beliefs (“cognitive rad…
Britain's Long War
Britain's Long War assesses the process of strategic change within the British Government's position on Northern Ireland, starting with Westminster's first intervention in 1969 and ending with the Bel
How Rigorous Is Radicalization Research
This article examines the quality and rigor of the academic literature on radicalization. Drawing on a sample of 260 publications that make claims for empirical research and were published between 1980 and 2010, it shows that qualitative approaches dominate, and that a significant number of publications relies on secondary sources—not primary research—to support their conclusions. Methodologies tend to be stronger and more rigorous in the social …
Options and Strategies for Countering Online Radicalization in the United States
The purpose of this article is to inform the debate about strategies and options for countering online radicalization within the U.S. domestic context. Its aim is to provide a better understanding of how the Internet facilitates radicalization; an appreciation of the dilemmas and tradeoffs that are involved in countering online radicalization within the United States; and ideas and best practices for making the emerging approach and strategy rich…
Motorman's Long Journey
Operation Motorman – the ending of the ‘no-go’ areas in Belfast and Londonderry – was one the biggest deployments of British forces since 1945, yet few analysts have grasped its enduring significance. This article argues that Motorman helped break the vicious circle of violence and atrocity that characterised the most violent years of the early troubles. In hindsight we can see that the aftermath of the operation irrevocably altered the strategic…
Strategic terrorism
This article seeks to lay out a comprehensive framework by which those who utilize a campaign of strategic terrorism seek to attain their ends. It identifies a distinctive modus operandi: 1) disorientation: to alienate the authorities from their citizens, reducing the government to impotence in the eyes of the population; 2) target response: to induce a target to respond in a manner that is favorable to the insurgent cause; 3) gaining legitimacy:…
Locating Al Qaeda's Center of Gravity
This article claims that the ongoing debate about the structure and dynamics of Al Qaeda has failed to appreciate the importance of an organizational layer that is situated between the top leadership and the grass-roots. Rather than being “leaderless,” it is the group's middle management that holds Al Qaeda together. In Clausewitzian terms, Al Qaeda's middle managers represent a center of gravity—a “hub of ... power and movement”—that facilitates…
Missing the Plot? Intelligence and Discourse Failure
Bringing in the rogues
The article explores the relationship between the British government and the Irish Republican movement. In contrast to the established view, it argues that the British government had never had any objection to the inclusion of Republicans into a political settlement, and that – therefore – there was no need for any significant changes in government policy during the 1990s. Far from being an obstacle to inclusion, the British government's politica…
Europe's Jihadist Dilemma
Various conditions have facilitated Europe's rise as a 'hub' of global jihad, especially the presence of a nucleus of foreign Islamist activists, a large pool of potential recruits, and the freedom to operate with few, if any, restrictions. The Iraq war has prompted a revival of the jihadist network in Europe. In response, European policymakers need legal reforms, increased institutional cooperation and sustained efforts to engage with European M…
Winning the ‘War on Terror’? Roy Mason's Contribution to Counter-Terrorism in Northern Ireland
Roy Mason's tenure as Northern Ireland Secretary marked a watershed, yet it has provoked little analysis. Contrary to his popular image, security policy under Mason remained within the limits that had determined the formulation of British counter-terrorism ever since 1972. It was precisely because of this strategic environment that Mason's contribution was little more than a change in rhetoric, the implications of which were contradictory. Likewi…
From Revolution to Devolution
Is the IRA still a threat to peace in Northern Ireland? Using the methods of strategic analysis, the author advances two interpretations of the IRA's current strategy, both of which stress the continuing value of organised violence in Republican strategic thinking. However, whereas the first interpretation contends that the IRA's current strategy contradicts the aims of the peace process, the second argues that the IRA's continued involvement in …
The Myth of Ulsterization in British Security Policy in Northern Ireland
For many years, the term "Ulsterization" has been a byword for the cynicism with which British governments decided to transfer the responsibility (as well as the human cost) for law enforcement to the local population of Northern Ireland. This analysis, however, demonstrates that Ulsterization has generally been misunderstood. Given that the expansion of local security forces was limited to the police, it is perhaps more appropriate to use the te…
Sharing the Burden
The Anglo-Irish Agreement (AIA) of 1985 was the central political event of the 1982–88 period. It originated from the political pressures that had made the operation of undiminished Direct Rule in the 1976–82 period impossible. Although it was immediately described as ‘the most significant political development since the state of Northern Ireland was created’, 1 from a British perspective, it failed to achieve the intended purpose of easing the o…
The Strategic Tradition of the British Government in Northern Ireland
In the preceding chapter, it was shown that strategy does not operate in the domain of pure rationality, but that in addition to the ‘cold calculation’ of interest there are also values and ideologies that determine the behaviour of an actor. Accordingly, the aim of this section is to construct the ‘strategic tradition’ of the British government in Northern Ireland, that is, to explain its main assumptions and motivational patterns, and to demons…
Going it Alone? Direct Rule under Pressure, 1976–82
Recognising its previous failure to create the perception of constitutional security, the British government opted for a continued period of undiminished Direct Rule, accompanied by the strongest affirmation yet of London’s will to govern the province. Only six years later, London was compelled to end the experiment. The assumption of absolute British sovereignty over Northern Ireland had become impossible, and Dublin was — again — ‘included in’.…
Avoiding Responsibility? London on the Defensive, 1969–72
The years 1969–72 represented a period of rapid, if not dramatic, change. In August 1969, London — in its first significant intervention — agreed to deploy the Army to Northern Ireland in order to prevent inter-sectarian violence. Within two and a half years, the troops themselves had become the targets, and Westminster thought it necessary to abolish the structures of self-government and assume the direct rule of Northern Ireland.
No Quick Fix
With the abolition of Stormont, the British government had freed itself from a constitutional straitjacket. It was now at liberty to implement the strategy it had decided upon after the failure of internment in August 1971. However, as a Times leader warned in March 1972, Direct Rule was ‘easier to get into than out of’.1 Indeed, the following years were marked by London’s efforts to ‘get out’ of Direct Rule, and its repeated failure to do so.
Conclusion
The preceding chapters of this study have outlined some of the dominant themes in British government policy and followed them through various periods of British involvement. As a result, it is now possible to address some of the questions that were outlined in the first chapter of this work. These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
The War is Over? Success and Failure of British Strategy, 1989–98
The conclusion of the Belfast Agreement in 1998 has undoubtedly been the climax of British policy in Northern Ireland. The political continuity of the peace accord was immediately acknowledged, most notably by a Nationalist MP, who described it as ‘Sunningdale for slow learners’. 1 Arguably, with the Belfast agreement, the British government has finally achieved its political objective, yet it still remains to be seen whether it can provide the s…
The Myth of Ulsterization in British Security Policy in Northern Ireland
For many years, the term "Ulsterization" has been a byword for the cynicism with which British governments decided to transfer the responsibility (as well as the human cost) for law enforcement to the local population of Northern Ireland. This analysis, however, demonstrates that Ulsterization has generally been misunderstood. Given that the expansion of local security forces was limited to the police, it is perhaps more appropriate to use the te…
Winning the ‘War on Terror’? Roy Mason's Contribution to Counter-Terrorism in Northern Ireland
Roy Mason's tenure as Northern Ireland Secretary marked a watershed, yet it has provoked little analysis. Contrary to his popular image, security policy under Mason remained within the limits that had determined the formulation of British counter-terrorism ever since 1972. It was precisely because of this strategic environment that Mason's contribution was little more than a change in rhetoric, the implications of which were contradictory. Likewi…
Britain's Long War
Britain's Long War assesses the process of strategic change within the British Government's position on Northern Ireland, starting with Westminster's first intervention in 1969 and ending with the Bel
Bringing in the rogues
The article explores the relationship between the British government and the Irish Republican movement. In contrast to the established view, it argues that the British government had never had any objection to the inclusion of Republicans into a political settlement, and that – therefore – there was no need for any significant changes in government policy during the 1990s. Far from being an obstacle to inclusion, the British government's politica…
Missing the Plot? Intelligence and Discourse Failure
From Revolution to Devolution
Is the IRA still a threat to peace in Northern Ireland? Using the methods of strategic analysis, the author advances two interpretations of the IRA's current strategy, both of which stress the continuing value of organised violence in Republican strategic thinking. However, whereas the first interpretation contends that the IRA's current strategy contradicts the aims of the peace process, the second argues that the IRA's continued involvement in …
The bullet and the ballot box
This paper aims to find out how participation in the electoral process may have helped to alter the strategic outlook of the Irish Republican movement. The questions to be answered are whether electoral participation has contributed to the diminishing importance of terrorist violence in Irish Republican strategy, and – in particular – how electoral participation has influenced the process of strategic change. Based on the construction of a sound …
Strategic terrorism
This article seeks to lay out a comprehensive framework by which those who utilize a campaign of strategic terrorism seek to attain their ends. It identifies a distinctive modus operandi: 1) disorientation: to alienate the authorities from their citizens, reducing the government to impotence in the eyes of the population; 2) target response: to induce a target to respond in a manner that is favorable to the insurgent cause; 3) gaining legitimacy:…
Motorman's Long Journey
Operation Motorman – the ending of the ‘no-go’ areas in Belfast and Londonderry – was one the biggest deployments of British forces since 1945, yet few analysts have grasped its enduring significance. This article argues that Motorman helped break the vicious circle of violence and atrocity that characterised the most violent years of the early troubles. In hindsight we can see that the aftermath of the operation irrevocably altered the strategic…
A Review of
Europe's Jihadist Dilemma
Various conditions have facilitated Europe's rise as a 'hub' of global jihad, especially the presence of a nucleus of foreign Islamist activists, a large pool of potential recruits, and the freedom to operate with few, if any, restrictions. The Iraq war has prompted a revival of the jihadist network in Europe. In response, European policymakers need legal reforms, increased institutional cooperation and sustained efforts to engage with European M…
The Strategy of Terrorism
1. Introduction 2. Terrorism and Strategic Theory 3. The Strategy of Terrorism 4. Flawed Assumptions 5. The Escalation Trap 6. Conclusion
The Strategy of Terrorism
This is the first book to set out a comprehensive framework by which to understand terrorism as strategy. It contends that even terrorism of the supposedly nihilist variety can be viewed as a bona fide method for distributing means to fulfil the ends of policy, that is, as a strategy. The main purpose of the work is to describe the dynamics of terr
Joining al-Qaeda
Introduction 1. Dynamics and Structures 2. Recruitment Grounds 3. The Recruiters 4. The Message 5. The Internet Conclusion
Locating Al Qaeda's Center of Gravity
This article claims that the ongoing debate about the structure and dynamics of Al Qaeda has failed to appreciate the importance of an organizational layer that is situated between the top leadership and the grass-roots. Rather than being “leaderless,” it is the group's middle management that holds Al Qaeda together. In Clausewitzian terms, Al Qaeda's middle managers represent a center of gravity—a “hub of ... power and movement”—that facilitates…
Joining al-Qaeda
In Britain alone, several thousand young Muslims are thought to be part of violent extremist networks. How did they become involved? What are the mechanisms and dynamics through which European Muslims join al-Qaeda and groups inspired by al-Qaeda? This paper explains the processes whereby European Muslims are recruited into the Islamist militant movement. It reveals that although overt recruitment has been driven underground, prisons and other ‘p…
How Rigorous Is Radicalization Research
This article examines the quality and rigor of the academic literature on radicalization. Drawing on a sample of 260 publications that make claims for empirical research and were published between 1980 and 2010, it shows that qualitative approaches dominate, and that a significant number of publications relies on secondary sources—not primary research—to support their conclusions. Methodologies tend to be stronger and more rigorous in the social …
Options and Strategies for Countering Online Radicalization in the United States
The purpose of this article is to inform the debate about strategies and options for countering online radicalization within the U.S. domestic context. Its aim is to provide a better understanding of how the Internet facilitates radicalization; an appreciation of the dilemmas and tradeoffs that are involved in countering online radicalization within the United States; and ideas and best practices for making the emerging approach and strategy rich…
Political science (27 obras) · Law (25 obras) · Sociology (15 obras) · Terrorism, Counterterrorism, and Political Violence (13 obras) · Irish and British Studies (12 obras) · Terrorism (12 obras) · Law (11 obras) · Philosophy (11 obras) · Politics (11 obras) · Political economy (10 obras)