Petr Kočár
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 147862 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Petr Kočár |
| PRENOMES | Petr |
| SOBRENOME | Kočár |
| ASSINATURA | KOČÁR P |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Archaeology, Prague |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-0695-2913 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 42 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 79 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 42 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2002 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 6 |
Medieval grain from Křivoklát Castle in Central Bohemia
As a crucial food staple, grain was stored in castles in medieval and Early Modern Bohemia in granaries or in sections of farm buildings designated and adapted for storage purposes. However, during periods of conflict, other spaces intended for different purposes were also occasionally used for storage. During research into the palace complex in the north-western part of Křivoklát Castle in Central Bohemia, a large find of burnt grain and other c…
Fuel-wood Economy of Early Mediaeval Ironworking
This paper deals with the anthracological analysis of 4,046 charcoal fragments from 162 archaeological features at the Early Mediaeval (8th–9th century AD) ironworking site Kümmersbruck-Bachweg. In total, 19 taxa were identified, dominated by Pinus and Quercus, with less Betula and much less Fagus, Alnus, Picea, Abies, and Carpinus. Distributions by context and correspondence analysis overlap across kilns, workshops, and settlement structures, in…
A water reservoir from the 3rd to 5th century AD as a possible key for understanding the subsistence strategies and environment at the margin of the Fergana basin in Southern Kyrgyzstan
Life Cycle of the Wooden Well at the Early Neolithic Settlement in Velim, Czechia
Water management in the Early Neolithic period was a significant aspect of daily life indicating the complex relationship between communities and their environment. The wells were not only central to the provision of water but also played roles that could evolve and change during their lifetime. This article focuses on the Early Neolithic wooden well and its infill at the Velim site in central Bo¬hemia (Czech Republic), whose construction has bee…
Late Holocene Environmental Changes and Human Subsistence in an Alluvial Landscape
We examined the data from the floodplain settlement at Pohansko to uncover environmental changes, vegetation development, and floodplain dynamics that influenced the settlement's history and subsistence strategies. Most of the landscape was deforested during the Middle Holocene, while woodlands primarily limited to the alluvium were not significantly affected by human occupation. Human impact gradually increased from the Late Iron Age, peaking in…
Where is the waste? The microlevel interdisciplinary study of kitchen waste distribution in Castle Rokštejn, Czech Republic
The first isotopic insight into the Bronze Age dietary transition in the area of present-day Czechia
Highland transformation
Changes in spectra of cultivated and gathered plants in the Bronze Age
The Bronze Age (BA) in Central Europe witnessed significant transformations in various aspects of human activities. This study focuses on changes in subsistence strategies during the BA, represented by the assortment of edible plants. We examined charred macroremains from 39 archaeological sites in the Czech Republic. Our aims include providing an overview of crop records, determining the dating of new crop introductions, and identifying spatial …
In the Footsteps of the Silk Road
Kyrgyzstan can be represented, geomorphologically-speaking, by a transect between the Fergana lowlands and the Tien Shan highlands and is an outstanding area for the study of paleoclimatic conditions relating to climatic changes. These changes have been crucial for the behaviour of past cultures in this area, especially due to the presence of the Silk Road. A Czech environmental team, covering geology, geomorphology, pedology, paleoecology, archa…
Silver mining and landscape changes in medieval Central Europe
This study discusses the potential of archaeological organic objects in anthropogenic sediments in terms of research into human impact on the medieval landscape and environment. In the Bohemian‐Moravian Highlands, at a mid‐altitudinal stream valley site (ca. 510 m asl), remains of a cut medieval forest stand with anthropogenic wooden structures and buried by technogenic sediments (e.g., ore, gangue and tailings) were archaeologically excavated. T…
Multi-proxy analysis of an Early Neolithic wooden well in a pastoral landscape in eastern Bohemia
Some of the most remarkable Neolithic finds encountered in central Europe are wells with a wooden construction. These features provide unusual insights into Neolithic societies, their subsistence strategies and the landscape they inhabited. In the last fifteen years, four Early Neolithic wells out of a total of seven such wells known since the 1970s have been discovered in Czechia. One of them is the well at Ostrov, the wooden construction and se…
Radiocarbon Dating of Multiple Materials for Clarifying the Formation of the Medieval Settlement on the Outskirts of Prague Castle (Czech Republic)
An archaeological excavation conducted on U Kasáren St. in the Prague Castle area (Czech Republic) in 2020 revealed the remains of a medieval settlement consisting of houses of different constructions (pit dwelling, masonry construction), pyrotechnical (possibly metallurgical) features and unspecified pits. The excavation also revealed evidence of fire events and traces of viniculture on the outskirts of the Prague Castle area. Archaeological dat…
Organické nádoby na vodu ze studny kultury s lineární keramikou v Mohelnici, okr. Šumperk
Významnou část přepravních a skladovacích nádob tvořily v neolitu nádoby z organických materiálů. Používaly se k vytahování vody z jam nebo studní, zatímco keramické nádoby byly používány k přepravě, skladování a pití vody. Cílem tohoto článku je analýza a vyhodnocení unikátních dřevěných věder ze studny LBK v lokalitě Mohelnice – U Cukrovaru. Konstrukce věder se skládala z podélně dělených prutů se zářezy. Vrstva lýka tvořila stěnu vědra a konce…
A multidisciplinary investigation of historical charcoal production in the 18–19th centuries (Czech Republic)
Rekonstrukce lesní vegetace České republiky v zemědělském pravěku a raném středověku na základě archeoantrakologických dat / Reconstruction of Forest Vegetation Between the Neolithic and the Early Mid…
The aim of the study is to reconstruct the forest vegetation of the Czech Republic in the period between agricultural prehistory (Neolithic, LnK, c. 7600 BP) and the Early Middle Ages on an elevation gradient from 140 to c. 500 m above sea level using anthracological data from archaeological sites – ARV (anthracologically reconstructed vegetation). A large set of data from 601 archaeological sites (990 components) containing 289,489 identified ch…
Landscape evolution around the oppidum of Bibracte (Northern Massif Central, France) from the Late Iron Age to the Post-Mediaeval period
Beaver as proof of the change of natural environment and economy of the first half of the 10th century AD
The collapse of the Great Moravian early medieval fortified centre at Pohansko near BÅ eclav triggered some changes. These changes became evident in the development of the alluvial plain environment, as well as in the settlement, subsistence, and economic strategies of the population. One particularly prominent phenomenon was an unprecedented increase in the proportion of hunted animals appearing in osteological assemblages from the 10th century …
Long–term history of woodland under human impact, archaeoanthracological synthesis for lowlands in Czech Republic
Colluvial sediments originating from past land-use activities in the Erzgebirge Mountains, Central Europe
Colluvial sediments originating from soil erosion on slopes have proven to constitute significant evidence for tracing past human impact on mountain landscapes. In the Central European Erzgebirge (Ore) Mountains, colluvial sediments are associated with specific landforms (footslopes, slope flattenings, dells) and cover a share of 11% (11,905 ha) of the regional soil landscape. Thirteen pedosedimentary sections with colluvial layers were investiga…
Vývoj interakce přírodního prostředí a subsistenční strategie raně středověké společnosti
Multidisciplinární výzkum založený na korelaci a interpretaci dat získaných archeologickými a přírodovědnými metodami. Hlavním cílem je rekonstrukce interakce faktorů životního prostředí a životních podmínek lidských komunit od 6. do počátku 12. století. Studie vychází z výzkumu velkomoravského centra na Pohansku u Břeclavi, jeho okolí a zázemí. Strategie obživy a její vývoj v raně středověké společnosti byla studována na základě nálezů souvisejí…
Wooden Well at the First Farmers’ Settlement Area in Uničov, Czech Republic
Some of the most extraordinary finds from the Early Neolithic period are wooden wells. These constructions permit unusual insights into Neolithic settlements, their subsistence and environment, as well as into the surrounding landscape. A recent excavation of a Neo lithic settlement at Uničov in central Moravia, Czech Republic, yielded the discovery of a wooden well with a sediment infill from the beginning of the Neolithic period and allowed to …
Maintaining soil productivity as the key factor in European prehistoric and Medieval farming
The materiality of forced labour
The paper deals with archaeological, osteological and archaeobotanical analysis of the artefacts and ecofacts obtained by excavation in waste landfills from the Second World War. The settlement waste was produced by three communities with different social status, which were connected with the Rolava mining and processing plant in the Ore Mountains in western Bohemia. The plant was built to supply the war industry of the Third Reich with non-ferro…
World's oldest dendrochronologically dated archaeological wood construction
The floor
Evidence for Bronze Age and Medieval tin placer mining in the Erzgebirge mountains, Saxony (Germany)
Tin is an essential raw material both for the copper–tin alloys developed during the Early Bronze Age and for the casting of tableware in the Medieval period. Secondary geological deposits in the form of placers (cassiterite) provide easily accessible sources but have often been reworked several times during land‐use history. In fact, evidence for the earliest phase of tin mining during the Bronze Age has not yet been confirmed for any area in Eu…
Archaeobotany of the Old Prague Town defence system, Czech Republic
Colluvial sediments originating from past land-use activities in the Erzgebirge Mountains, Central Europe
Colluvial sediments originating from soil erosion on slopes have proven to constitute significant evidence for tracing past human impact on mountain landscapes. In the Central European Erzgebirge (Ore) Mountains, colluvial sediments are associated with specific landforms (footslopes, slope flattenings, dells) and cover a share of 11% (11,905 ha) of the regional soil landscape. Thirteen pedosedimentary sections with colluvial layers were investiga…
Variety in cereal cultivation in the Late Bronze and Early Iron Ages in relation to environmental conditions
Contrasting local and regional Holocene histories of Abies alba in the Czech Republic in relation to human impact
After the last glaciation, around 4000 BC, silver fir ( Abies alba Mill.) spread to the area that is now the Czech Republic. This spread was not restricted to high mountains, but also took place across both highland and lowland landscapes. Historical forestry records from around AD 1500 mention a massive expansion of Abies alba, favoured by forest pasturing, litter raking and selective tree cutting. According to the current interpretation of thes…
In the Footsteps of the Silk Road
Kyrgyzstan can be represented, geomorphologically-speaking, by a transect between the Fergana lowlands and the Tien Shan highlands and is an outstanding area for the study of paleoclimatic conditions relating to climatic changes. These changes have been crucial for the behaviour of past cultures in this area, especially due to the presence of the Silk Road. A Czech environmental team, covering geology, geomorphology, pedology, paleoecology, archa…
Cut and covered
Knowledge of historic changes in vegetation, relief, and soil is key in understanding how the uplands in central Europe have changed during the last millennium, being an essential requirement for measures on forest conversion and nature conservation in that area. Evidence of forest‐clearing horizons from the medieval period could be systematically documented at four low‐ to mid‐altitudinal sites (360–640 meters above mean sea level) in the Harz (…
Middle- and upper-Holocene woodland history in central Moravia (Czech Republic) reveals biases of pollen and anthracological analysis
The aims of this article are, first, to investigate the middle- and upper-Holocene woodland history along the altitudinal gradient between the lowlands and uplands of Central Europe (190–550 m a.s.l.) and, second, to outline possible biases inherent in the charcoal record based on a comparison with the pollen record and its known biases. Our anthracological data set contains 42,547 determinations made in 120 charcoal samples taken at 69 sites. Th…
Silver mining and landscape changes in medieval Central Europe
This study discusses the potential of archaeological organic objects in anthropogenic sediments in terms of research into human impact on the medieval landscape and environment. In the Bohemian‐Moravian Highlands, at a mid‐altitudinal stream valley site (ca. 510 m asl), remains of a cut medieval forest stand with anthropogenic wooden structures and buried by technogenic sediments (e.g., ore, gangue and tailings) were archaeologically excavated. T…
Maintaining soil productivity as the key factor in European prehistoric and Medieval farming
Food offerings, flowers, a bronze bucket and a waggon
The Environment and Subsistence of the Early Neolithic Settlement Area at Těšetice-Kyjovice, Czech Republic
This paper presents a reconstruction of environmental conditions and subsistence strategies in the Early Neolithic (6th Millenium BC) settlement area at Těšetice-Kyjovice (Czech Republic). Our detailed reconstruction of the environment contributes to the unravelling of the genesis and spread of steppes and the formation of secondary anthropogenic forest-free areas in the Holocene in eastern-Central Europe. Mollusc shells, charcoals and plant macr…
Cultivation with deliberation
The materiality of forced labour
The paper deals with archaeological, osteological and archaeobotanical analysis of the artefacts and ecofacts obtained by excavation in waste landfills from the Second World War. The settlement waste was produced by three communities with different social status, which were connected with the Rolava mining and processing plant in the Ore Mountains in western Bohemia. The plant was built to supply the war industry of the Third Reich with non-ferro…
World's oldest dendrochronologically dated archaeological wood construction
Exotic Spices in Flux
This paper presents the current state of research into exotic spices that have been discovered in archaeological contexts in today's Czech Republic, and illustrates their importance for the interpretation of trade in exotic goods and the historical socio-cultural level of local consumers
Environment and Economy of the Early Medieval Settlement in Žatec
Long term archaeological research of the Early Medieval agglomeration at atec was combined with archaeobotanical analyses of urban layers. Macroremains, pollen and charcoal samples were taken mostly from sunken settlement objects and moats that were a part of the urban fortification. Analysed sediments were dated according to a detailed pottery chronology. the main aim of the research was to detect important changes in cereal crop production that…
Archaeobotany of the Old Prague Town defence system, Czech Republic
Environment and Economy of the Early Medieval Settlement in Žatec
Long term archaeological research of the Early Medieval agglomeration at atec was combined with archaeobotanical analyses of urban layers. Macroremains, pollen and charcoal samples were taken mostly from sunken settlement objects and moats that were a part of the urban fortification. Analysed sediments were dated according to a detailed pottery chronology. the main aim of the research was to detect important changes in cereal crop production that…
Contrasting local and regional Holocene histories of Abies alba in the Czech Republic in relation to human impact
After the last glaciation, around 4000 BC, silver fir ( Abies alba Mill.) spread to the area that is now the Czech Republic. This spread was not restricted to high mountains, but also took place across both highland and lowland landscapes. Historical forestry records from around AD 1500 mention a massive expansion of Abies alba, favoured by forest pasturing, litter raking and selective tree cutting. According to the current interpretation of thes…
Variety in cereal cultivation in the Late Bronze and Early Iron Ages in relation to environmental conditions
Trends in cereal cultivation in the Czech Republic from the Neolithic to the Migration period (5500 b.c.–a.d. 580)
What Did They Eat, What Did They Drink, and from What? An Interdisciplinary Window into Everyday Life of the Early Modern Burgher’s Household in Český Krumlov (Czech Republic)
The South Bohemian town of Český Krumlov, a UNESCO world heritage site, the former residence of the noble family of the Rosenbergs, is a unique mirror of the Bohemian Renaissance and Baroque. Extremely rich archives, maintained by both the town and the nobility, were for a long time the only sources providing evidence about the everyday life during the period of the town's highest prosperity. Thanks to developing post-medieval archaeology and res…
Exotic Spices in Flux
This paper presents the current state of research into exotic spices that have been discovered in archaeological contexts in today's Czech Republic, and illustrates their importance for the interpretation of trade in exotic goods and the historical socio-cultural level of local consumers
Vegetace a ekonomika předvelkomoravské centrální lokality v Olomouci-Povelu
Příspěvek se zabývá rozsáhlým souborem botanických ekofaktů získaným v letech 1985–1987 v raně středověké lokalitě Olomouc-Povel (Zikova ulice). Sídliště bylo prozkoumáno v 80. letech a vzhledem k výjimečnosti situace bylo interpretováno jako předvelkomoravské správní a mocenské centrum. Součástí exkavace byl i sběr rostlinných ekofaktů a vzorkování zkoumaných sedimentů za účelem získání rostlinných zbytků plavením. Vzorkování bylo prováděno s cí…
Pravěké osídlení, půdy a zemědělské strategie
Příspěvek se zabývá a) vztahem pravěkého osídlení k půdám na území dnešních Čech, b) vztahem mezi obilninami pěstovanými v pravěku a vybranými parametry přírodního prostředí, zejména půdní produktivity, na území celé České republiky. Vztahy archeologických období a půdních typů se dají na úrovni makroregionu rozdělit do čtyř skupin, které v zásadě odpovídají vývoji pravěkého orebního zemědělství. Všechny zemědělské kultury přednostně využívaly ob…
Middle- and upper-Holocene woodland history in central Moravia (Czech Republic) reveals biases of pollen and anthracological analysis
The aims of this article are, first, to investigate the middle- and upper-Holocene woodland history along the altitudinal gradient between the lowlands and uplands of Central Europe (190–550 m a.s.l.) and, second, to outline possible biases inherent in the charcoal record based on a comparison with the pollen record and its known biases. Our anthracological data set contains 42,547 determinations made in 120 charcoal samples taken at 69 sites. Th…
Cultivation with deliberation
History of the Litovelské Pomoraví woodland (NE Czech Republic)
The Environment and Subsistence of the Early Neolithic Settlement Area at Těšetice-Kyjovice, Czech Republic
This paper presents a reconstruction of environmental conditions and subsistence strategies in the Early Neolithic (6th Millenium BC) settlement area at Těšetice-Kyjovice (Czech Republic). Our detailed reconstruction of the environment contributes to the unravelling of the genesis and spread of steppes and the formation of secondary anthropogenic forest-free areas in the Holocene in eastern-Central Europe. Mollusc shells, charcoals and plant macr…
Evidence for Bronze Age and Medieval tin placer mining in the Erzgebirge mountains, Saxony (Germany)
Tin is an essential raw material both for the copper–tin alloys developed during the Early Bronze Age and for the casting of tableware in the Medieval period. Secondary geological deposits in the form of placers (cassiterite) provide easily accessible sources but have often been reworked several times during land‐use history. In fact, evidence for the earliest phase of tin mining during the Bronze Age has not yet been confirmed for any area in Eu…
Cut and covered
Knowledge of historic changes in vegetation, relief, and soil is key in understanding how the uplands in central Europe have changed during the last millennium, being an essential requirement for measures on forest conversion and nature conservation in that area. Evidence of forest‐clearing horizons from the medieval period could be systematically documented at four low‐ to mid‐altitudinal sites (360–640 meters above mean sea level) in the Harz (…
Food offerings, flowers, a bronze bucket and a waggon
Vývoj interakce přírodního prostředí a subsistenční strategie raně středověké společnosti
Multidisciplinární výzkum založený na korelaci a interpretaci dat získaných archeologickými a přírodovědnými metodami. Hlavním cílem je rekonstrukce interakce faktorů životního prostředí a životních podmínek lidských komunit od 6. do počátku 12. století. Studie vychází z výzkumu velkomoravského centra na Pohansku u Břeclavi, jeho okolí a zázemí. Strategie obživy a její vývoj v raně středověké společnosti byla studována na základě nálezů souvisejí…
Wooden Well at the First Farmers’ Settlement Area in Uničov, Czech Republic
Some of the most extraordinary finds from the Early Neolithic period are wooden wells. These constructions permit unusual insights into Neolithic settlements, their subsistence and environment, as well as into the surrounding landscape. A recent excavation of a Neo lithic settlement at Uničov in central Moravia, Czech Republic, yielded the discovery of a wooden well with a sediment infill from the beginning of the Neolithic period and allowed to …
Maintaining soil productivity as the key factor in European prehistoric and Medieval farming
The materiality of forced labour
The paper deals with archaeological, osteological and archaeobotanical analysis of the artefacts and ecofacts obtained by excavation in waste landfills from the Second World War. The settlement waste was produced by three communities with different social status, which were connected with the Rolava mining and processing plant in the Ore Mountains in western Bohemia. The plant was built to supply the war industry of the Third Reich with non-ferro…
World's oldest dendrochronologically dated archaeological wood construction
The floor
Long–term history of woodland under human impact, archaeoanthracological synthesis for lowlands in Czech Republic
Colluvial sediments originating from past land-use activities in the Erzgebirge Mountains, Central Europe
Colluvial sediments originating from soil erosion on slopes have proven to constitute significant evidence for tracing past human impact on mountain landscapes. In the Central European Erzgebirge (Ore) Mountains, colluvial sediments are associated with specific landforms (footslopes, slope flattenings, dells) and cover a share of 11% (11,905 ha) of the regional soil landscape. Thirteen pedosedimentary sections with colluvial layers were investiga…
Rekonstrukce lesní vegetace České republiky v zemědělském pravěku a raném středověku na základě archeoantrakologických dat / Reconstruction of Forest Vegetation Between the Neolithic and the Early Mid…
The aim of the study is to reconstruct the forest vegetation of the Czech Republic in the period between agricultural prehistory (Neolithic, LnK, c. 7600 BP) and the Early Middle Ages on an elevation gradient from 140 to c. 500 m above sea level using anthracological data from archaeological sites – ARV (anthracologically reconstructed vegetation). A large set of data from 601 archaeological sites (990 components) containing 289,489 identified ch…
Archaeology (34 obras) · Geography (32 obras) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (27 obras) · Geology and Paleoclimatology Research (15 obras) · Ancient and Medieval Archaeology Studies (13 obras) · Ecology (13 obras) · Historical and Archaeological Studies (13 obras) · Physical geography (12 obras) · Biology (11 obras) · Geology (11 obras)