Quarraisha Abdool Karim
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 1542297 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Quarraisha Abdool Karim |
| PRENOMES | Quarraisha Abdool |
| SOBRENOME | Karim |
| ASSINATURA | KARIM Q A |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of KwaZulu-Natal |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-0985-477X |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 45 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 46 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 45 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1995 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 3 |
Preparedness of Primary Health Care Clinic (PHCC) Providers for the Provision of Oral Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) to Adolescent Girls and Young Women (Agyw)
About two-thirds of all HIV infections in 2024 were in sub-Saharan Africa, where adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) bear a disproportionate burden. Daily oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) offers an HIV prevention option for AGYW at high risk who are unable to negotiate safer sex with male partners. Primary health care clinics (PHCCs) staffed by nurses are an important access point for health services, including antiretroviral treatment, f…
Written on the Skin
To address challenges associated with the uptake of daily oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) by young women at high risk of acquiring HIV, a range of novel, long-acting, slow-release products are being developed and clinically evaluated. One such technology is an annual implant of tenofovir alafenamide (TAF). This study explores the perspectives of participants from a first-in-human trial of an annual TAF implant to inform considerations for fu…
“There is nobody who wouldn’t like to”
A novel long-acting HIV oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) implant was first tested in a Phase I clinical trial in South Africa, and this study sought to understand motivations behind trial participants enrolment, highlighting considerations for recruitment in future studies. Qualitative research was conducted using in-depth interviews (IDIs) with 29 study participants, 18 of whom also participated in focus group discussions (FGDs). Participant…
Leveraging the HIV response to strengthen pandemic preparedness
The COVID-19 pandemic and the expectation of future pandemic threats have generated a global dialogue on strengthening pandemic preparedness and response (PPR). Thus far, this dialogue has largely failed to fully consider the critical role that established, disease-specific programs played in national and regional COVID-19 responses, and the potential for these programs to contribute to stronger pandemic preparedness for the future. The HIV respo…
Covid-19
Several safe and effective COVID-19 vaccines were developed, evaluated, and made available in record time during the pandemic. But hopes of equitable access to COVID-19 vaccines were dashed by corporate greed, political expediency, global trade agreements, and intellectual property ownership, delaying or denying access for poor countries. Once vaccines became widely available, their benefits were curtailed by anti-science sentiment and anti-vacci…
Impact of Covid-19 public health responses on income, food security and health services among key and vulnerable women in South Africa
Globally, COVID-19 has impacted lives and livelihoods. Women living with HIV and/or at high risk of acquiring HIV are socially and economically vulnerable. Less is known of the impact of COVID-19 public health responses on women from key and vulnerable populations. The purpose of this cross-sectional survey conducted in four South African provinces with a high burden of HIV and COVID-19 from September to November 2021 was to advance understanding…
Age-Restriction of a Validated Risk Scoring Tool Better Predicts HIV Acquisition in South African Women
We examined the predictive ability of the VOICE risk screening tool among adolescent girls and young women at heightened HIV risk in urban and peri-urban Kwa-Zulu-Natal, South Africa. Using participant data from CAPRISA 004's control arm (N = 444), we applied the initial VOICE risk screening score (IRS), a modified risk score (MRS) based on predictive and non-predictive variables in our data, and age-restricted (AIRS and AMRS, respectively). We e…
Omicron Sars-CoV-2 variant
Build on HIV investments for future pandemic preparedness
Exploring discrepant knowledge of partner sexual behaviour to inform self-risk assessment in a high HIV burdened district in rural KwaZulu-Natal
Understanding the sexual relationships of young women is critical for preventing HIV infections. This study aimed to describe the sexual behaviour of partners, comparing the accuracy of sexual health knowledge between partners. The study took place in 2017 in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Purposive sampling was used to select 18-27-year-old sexually active women. Consenting female participants completed a structured and semi-structured interview, …
Acceptability of HIV self-testing among men and women in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Successful implementation of Universal Test and Treat as a strategy to achieve the 90-90-90 target requires higher HIV testing rates. Currently, uptake of HIV testing is not optimal which has directed research initiatives towards identification of additional HIV testing methods. HIV self-testing (HIVST) has received growing attention as a complementary testing approach as it overcomes barriers that are commonly associated with current HIV testing…
Exploring factors that influence the integration of HIVST with HCT using a qualitative comparative cross-over design in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
The World Health Organization recommends using HIV self-testing (HIVST) to improve HIV testing coverage by integrating self-testing for HIV into public domain primary healthcare (PHC) clinics in areas with a high burden of HIV. However, an understanding of the relationship and interaction between HIVST and the standard HIV counselling and testing (HCT), the primary HIV testing approach within public PHC clinics, is limited. We therefore sought to…
HIV self-testing as part of a differentiated HIV testing approach
As treatment and prevention efforts expand, the reasons for and frequency of testing is changing and there is a need to develop differentiated models for providing HIV testing services to meet client's needs. HIV self-testing is an important addition to enhance HIV testing efforts and should be offered in combination with HCT
Who is sexually active? Using a multi-component sexual activity profile (MSAP) to explore, identify and describe sexually-active high-school students in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
The MSAP profile identified more potentially sexually active students, and gave insight into the characteristics of students who may be unwilling to self-report sexual activity Future work should investigate how this approach could enhance and describe sexually-active adolescents for research and healthcare provision
You’ll always stay right’
The use of vaginal products may increase the risk of HIV infection by affecting the vaginal biome. Understanding what vaginal products young women are using, and why, is key to assessing the complexity of sexual health and risk. This study reports on findings from research with adolescent and young women in rural KwaZulu-Natal about the vaginal products they use and motivations for using them. The study identified over 26 products that young wome…
Understanding women and men’s acceptability of current and new HIV prevention technologies in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Despite significant advances to the HIV epidemic, prevention remains a challenge globally. Adolescent girls and young women in southern and Eastern Africa are still at high risk of acquiring HIV infection with limited prevention options. The expanding product pipeline of novel drugs and delivery approaches has highlighted the importance of acceptability and uptake of these anti-retroviral based products to realize their full prevention potential.…
Influences of geo-spatial location on pre-exposure prophylaxis use in South Africa
Young women bear a disproportionately high burden of HIV infection in sub-Saharan Africa, prioritising pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) can be an integral part of HIV prevention combination strategies. Women initiated HIV prevention technology options will require consistent adherence, an imperative for product effectiveness. With several PrEP clinical trials underway; exploring women's acceptability to advances in HIV prevention technologies can …
Acceptability of Early Antiretroviral Therapy Among South African Women
Secrecy, empowerment and protection
for all populations at high risk of acquiring HIV opens the way for implementation of oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). The impact of new prevention technologies is, however, dependent on demand creation strategies such as user awareness, acceptability and access, which in turn are influenced by sociocultural and gender norms. This study was conducted in three locations in KwaZulu-Natal, urban, rural and peri-urban, with six participatory wor…
HIV Infection and Aids in Sub-Saharan Africa
Global trends in HIV infection demonstrate an overall increase in HIV prevalence and substantial declines in AIDS related deaths largely attributable to the survival benefits of antiretroviral treatment. Sub-Saharan Africa carries a disproportionate burden of HIV, accounting for more than 70% of the global burden of infection. Success in HIV prevention in sub-Saharan Africa has the potential to impact on the global burden of HIV. Notwithstanding …
Social Context of Adherence in an Open-Label 1 % Tenofovir Gel Trial
CAPRISA 008, an open-label extension study of tenofovir gel with coitally-related dosing, provided an opportunity to explore the relationship between product adherence and gender dynamics in a context where women knew they were receiving an active product with evidence of HIV prevention effectiveness. Interviews with 63 CAPRISA 008 participants and 13 male partners in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, highlighted that the process of negotiating gel us…
Adolescent girls and young women
INTRODUCTION: At the epicentre of the HIV epidemic in southern Africa, adolescent girls and young women aged 15-24 contribute a disproportionate ~30% of all new infections and seroconvert 5-7 years earlier than their male peers. This age-sex disparity in HIV acquisition continues to sustain unprecedentedly high incidence rates, and preventing HIV infection in this age group is a pre-requisite for achieving an AIDS-free generation and attaining ep…
Strengthening HIV surveillance in the antiretroviral therapy era
The results from HIPSS will provide critical data regarding HIV prevalence and incidence in this community and will establish whether HIV prevention and treatment efforts in a "real world", non-trial setting have an impact on HIV incidence at a population level. Importantly, the study design and methods will inform future methods for HIV surveillance
HIV-Positive Status Disclosure in Patients in Care in Rural South Africa
Trial participation disclosure and gel use behavior in the Caprisa 004 tenofovir gel trial
Disclosure, or open communication, by female microbicide trial participants of their trial participation and use of an investigational HIV prevention drug to a sexual partner may affect participants' trial product usage behavior and contribute to poor adherence. With mixed results from recent microbicide clinical trials being linked to differing participant adherence, insights into the communication dynamics between trial participants and their s…
Reducing the risk of HIV infection among South African sex workers
OBJECTIVES. The social context within which women engaged in sex work at a popular truck stop in South Africa are placed at risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and the factors that influence their ability to reduce their risk were assessed. METHODS. Using qualitative and quantitative techniques, an elected sex worker from within the group collected all data. RESULTS. Given the various pressing needs for basic survival, the risk o…
Informed consent for HIV testing in a South African hospital
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess informed consent to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing in a perinatal HIV transmission study in a major referral hospital serving a largely Black population in South Africa. METHODS: First-time antenatal clinic attenders who were randomly selected from those enrolled in the perinatal HIV study (n = 56) answered questionnaires before and after counseling. RESULTS: Knowledge of HIV transmis…
A Model Designed to Enhance Informed Consent
HIV prevention research in developing countries has resulted in increased attention to and discussion of ethical issues, particularly the issue of the quality of informed consent. We present a conceptual framework for an enhanced informed consent process, drawing on experiences garnered from domestic and international studies conducted by the HIV Prevention Trials Network, funded by the National Institutes of Health. This framework guides the dev…
Trends in HIV/Aids infection
At the end of 1999, the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS estimated that about 50 million people worldwide, 14 million of whom had already died, had been infected with HIV. The global distribution of HIV is uneven, with developing countries bearing a disproportionate burden of infection. About 70% of all HIV infections occur in sub‐Saharan Africa. While stabilisation of the epidemic has been observed in a few countries, HIV continues to …
Reducing the risk of HIV infection among South African sex workers
OBJECTIVES. The social context within which women engaged in sex work at a popular truck stop in South Africa are placed at risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and the factors that influence their ability to reduce their risk were assessed. METHODS. Using qualitative and quantitative techniques, an elected sex worker from within the group collected all data. RESULTS. Given the various pressing needs for basic survival, the risk o…
Informed consent for HIV testing in a South African hospital
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess informed consent to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing in a perinatal HIV transmission study in a major referral hospital serving a largely Black population in South Africa. METHODS: First-time antenatal clinic attenders who were randomly selected from those enrolled in the perinatal HIV study (n = 56) answered questionnaires before and after counseling. RESULTS: Knowledge of HIV transmis…
Introducing the female condom through the public health sector
The successful implementation of new public health policy is influenced by provider preparedness and user acceptability of the new intervention. This paper describes the development and implementation of a participatory Training of Trainers (TOT) programme as a precursor to launch the South African government's female-initiated HIV prevention strategies in public health clinics. Three hundred peer-trainees from throughout South Africa were traine…
Trends in HIV/Aids infection
At the end of 1999, the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS estimated that about 50 million people worldwide, 14 million of whom had already died, had been infected with HIV. The global distribution of HIV is uneven, with developing countries bearing a disproportionate burden of infection. About 70% of all HIV infections occur in sub‐Saharan Africa. While stabilisation of the epidemic has been observed in a few countries, HIV continues to …
Knowledge and acceptability of Haart among TB patients in Durban, South Africa
From October 2002 to February 2003, we conducted semi-structured interviews on knowledge of HIV, antiretroviral treatment, and willingness to participate in voluntary counselling and testing and HAART with 54 consenting patients attending a tuberculosis (TB) clinic in Durban, South Africa. 74% of patients interviewed reported not knowing anything about antiretroviral treatment (HAART). Knowledge of antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) was restricted to us…
A Model Designed to Enhance Informed Consent
HIV prevention research in developing countries has resulted in increased attention to and discussion of ethical issues, particularly the issue of the quality of informed consent. We present a conceptual framework for an enhanced informed consent process, drawing on experiences garnered from domestic and international studies conducted by the HIV Prevention Trials Network, funded by the National Institutes of Health. This framework guides the dev…
The influence of Aids stigma and discrimination and social cohesion on HIV testing and willingness to disclose HIV in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
This study aims to understand the influence of AIDS stigma and discrimination, and social cohesion to HIV testing, and willingness to disclose an HIV status. A cross-sectional, interviewer administered survey (N=594) was conducted. Independent sample t-tests explored the mean differences between sex and age groups on stigma, discrimination, and social cohesion measurement. Logistic regression models were fitted with the above independent variable…
HIV infection and tuberculosis in South Africa
Disclosure of HIV status
The convergence between the tuberculosis (TB) and HIV epidemics has led to studies investigating strategies for integrated HIV and TB care. We present the experiences of a cohort of 17 patients enrolled in the first integrated TB and HIV treatment pilot programme, conducted in Durban, South Africa, as a precursor to a pivotal trial to answer the question of when to start antiretroviral treatment (ART) in patients co-infected with HIV and TB. Pati…
Effectiveness and Safety of Tenofovir Gel, an Antiretroviral Microbicide, for the Prevention of HIV Infection in Women
Vaginal Gel Versus HIV HIV prevention technologies for women are urgently needed, especially in sub-Saharan Africa where young women bear the greatest burden of the HIV epidemic. Abdool Karim et al. (p. 1168 ; published online 19 July) present the results of the CAPRISA 004 randomized control trial. The nearly 3-year-long trial, conducted in urban and rural South African women, tested the efficacy of a vaginal gel containing the antiretroviral dr…
Uptake of provider-initiated HIV testing and counseling among women attending an urban sexually transmitted disease clinic in South Africa – missed opportunities for early diagnosis of HIV infection
This study assessed the uptake of provider-initiated HIV testing and counseling (PITC) among women attending an urban sexually transmitted diseases (STD) clinic in South Africa. From July 2005 to June 2006, women were offered HIV testing following group information and education on HIV and STDs in the clinic waiting area. Of those who were provided with education, information, and offered HIV testing, uptake was 43.5% (2439/5612). The overall HIV…
HIV prevalence among high school learners - opportunities for schools-based HIV testing programmes and sexual reproductive health services
The high HIV prevalence in female learners underscores the importance of sexual reproductive health and schools-based HIV testing programs as an important gateway to prevention and treatment services
HIV Incidence in Young Girls in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa-Public Health Imperative for Their Inclusion in HIV Biomedical Intervention Trials
Anti‐retrovirals for treatment and prevention – time for new paradigms in our response to the HIV/Aids epidemic
Trial participation disclosure and gel use behavior in the Caprisa 004 tenofovir gel trial
Disclosure, or open communication, by female microbicide trial participants of their trial participation and use of an investigational HIV prevention drug to a sexual partner may affect participants' trial product usage behavior and contribute to poor adherence. With mixed results from recent microbicide clinical trials being linked to differing participant adherence, insights into the communication dynamics between trial participants and their s…
Disclosure of Microbicide Gel Use to Sexual Partners
Assessing Adherence in the Caprisa 004 Tenofovir Gel HIV Prevention Trial
Adherence undeniably impacts product effectiveness in microbicide trials, but the connection has proven challenging to quantify using routinely collected behavioral data. We explored this relationship using a nested case-control study in the CAPRISA 004 Tenofovir (TFV) gel HIV prevention trial. Detailed 3-month recall data on sex events, condom and gel use were collected from 72 incident cases and 205 uninfected controls. We then assessed how the…
Monitoring Microbicide Gel Use with Real-Time Notification of the Container’s Opening Events
The Preventive Misconception
Impact of an Adherence Intervention on the Effectiveness of Tenofovir Gel in the Caprisa 004 Trial
Adherence in the Caprisa 004 Tenofovir Gel Microbicide Trial
Adolescent girls and young women
INTRODUCTION: At the epicentre of the HIV epidemic in southern Africa, adolescent girls and young women aged 15-24 contribute a disproportionate ~30% of all new infections and seroconvert 5-7 years earlier than their male peers. This age-sex disparity in HIV acquisition continues to sustain unprecedentedly high incidence rates, and preventing HIV infection in this age group is a pre-requisite for achieving an AIDS-free generation and attaining ep…
Strengthening HIV surveillance in the antiretroviral therapy era
The results from HIPSS will provide critical data regarding HIV prevalence and incidence in this community and will establish whether HIV prevention and treatment efforts in a "real world", non-trial setting have an impact on HIV incidence at a population level. Importantly, the study design and methods will inform future methods for HIV surveillance
HIV-Positive Status Disclosure in Patients in Care in Rural South Africa
HIV Infection and Aids in Sub-Saharan Africa
Global trends in HIV infection demonstrate an overall increase in HIV prevalence and substantial declines in AIDS related deaths largely attributable to the survival benefits of antiretroviral treatment. Sub-Saharan Africa carries a disproportionate burden of HIV, accounting for more than 70% of the global burden of infection. Success in HIV prevention in sub-Saharan Africa has the potential to impact on the global burden of HIV. Notwithstanding …
Medicine (41 obras) · HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions (38 obras) · Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health (31 obras) · Environmental health (25 obras) · Family medicine (25 obras) · Public health (21 obras) · HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk (19 obras) · Population (19 obras) · Nursing (17 obras) · Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV (15 obras)