Howard S Friedman
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 1559912 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Howard S Friedman |
| PRENOMES | Howard S |
| SOBRENOME | Friedman |
| ASSINATURA | FRIEDMAN H S |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of California, Riverside |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-3528-5136 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 58 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 345 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 57 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 1 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1976 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2024 |
| ÍNDICE H | 10 |
Robert Rosenthal (1933–2024)
Robert Rosenthal died on January 5, 2024, in Riverside, California, at the age of 90. Born March 2, 1933, in Giessen, Germany, just as the Nazis came to power, the young Bob-he always insisted that everyone call him "Bob"-and his family fled in 1939 to Rhodesia (a British African protectorate) before making it to New York and then Los Angeles. Bob's dissertation derived from the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT). It compared projection in paranoid…
Health and economic benefits of achieving contraceptive and maternal health targets in Small Island Developing States in the Pacific and Caribbean
INTRODUCTION: Reducing unmet need for modern contraception and expanding access to quality maternal health (MH) services are priorities for improving women's health and economic empowerment. To support investment decisions, we estimated the additional cost and expected health and economic benefits of achieving the United Nations targets of zero unmet need for modern contraceptive choices and 95% coverage of MH services by 2030 in select Small Isl…
Cultivating healthy trajectories
Advances in behavioral medicine suggest that optimal solutions to modern health challenges should be multifaceted, targeting multiple cognitions and behaviors simultaneously. Community gardening holds great promise as one such multifaceted intervention but lacks rigorous evidence of efficacy. We present one of the first experimental studies on the topic. The results revealed promise for aspects of community gardening, but also suggest the necessi…
Trends in contraceptive use and distribution of births with demographic risk factors in Ethiopia
BACKGROUND: Evidence shows that family planning contributes to the decline in child mortality by decreasing the proportions of births that are considered high risk. The main objective of the present analysis was to examine the trends in use of modern contraceptives and their relationship with total fertility rate (TFR) and distribution of births by demographic risk factors as defined by mother's age, birth interval, and birth order at the sub-nat…
Contraceptive use and distribution of high-risk births in Nigeria
BACKGROUND: Family planning expansion has been identified as an impetus to harnessing Nigeria's demographic dividend. However, there is a need for data to address pockets of inequality and to better understand cultural and social factors affecting contraceptive use and health benefits. This paper contributes to addressing these needs by providing evidence on the trends and sub-national patterns of modern contraceptive prevalence in Nigeria and th…
Trends and patterns of modern contraceptive use and relationships with high-risk births and child mortality in Burkina Faso
BACKGROUND: In sub-Saharan Africa, few studies have stressed the importance of spatial heterogeneity analysis in modern contraceptive use and the relationships with high-risk births. OBJECTIVE: This paper aims to analyse the association between modern contraceptive use, distribution of birth risk, and under-five child mortality at both national and regional levels in Burkina Faso. DESIGN: The last three Demographic and Health Surveys - conducted …
Patterns and trends of contraceptive use among sexually active adolescents in Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, and Nigeria
BACKGROUND: The benefits of universal access to voluntary contraception have been widely documented in terms of maternal and newborn survival, women's empowerment, and human capital. Given population dynamics, the choices and opportunities adolescents have in terms of access to sexual and reproductive health information and services could significantly affect the burden of diseases and nations' human capital. OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this pa…
Three Decades Later
Research in the 1980s suggested that young “metalheads” were at risk for poor developmental outcomes. No other study has assessed this group as adults; thus, we examined 1980s heavy metal groupies, musicians, and fans at middle age, using snowball sampling from Facebook. Online surveys assessed adverse childhood experiences, personality, adult attachment, and past and current functioning in 377 participants. Results revealed that metal enthusiast…
Perspectives on Personality
Lifelong Pathways to Longevity
Building upon decades of research with the lifelong (nine‐decade) T erman Life Cycle Study, we present a life pathway model for understanding human thriving that accounts for long‐term individual difference in health and longevity, with a particular focus on child personality and adult social relationships. Developing data derived and supplemented from the T erman study ( N = 570 males, 451 females), we employed regression and survival analyses t…
Sex and Gender in the 1980s Heavy Metal Scene
Integrating prospective longitudinal data
The present study used a collaborative framework to integrate 2 long-term prospective studies: the Terman Life Cycle Study and the Hawaii Personality and Health Longitudinal Study. Within a 5-factor personality-trait framework, teacher assessments of child personality were rationally and empirically aligned to establish similar factor structures across samples. Comparable items related to adult self-rated health, education, and alcohol use were h…
A new life-span approach to conscientiousness and health
Conscientiousness has been shown to predict healthy behaviors, healthy social relationships, and physical health and longevity. The causal links, however, are complex and not well elaborated. Many extant studies have used comparable measures for conscientiousness, and a systematic endeavor to build cross-study analyses for conscientiousness and health now seems feasible. Of particular interest are efforts to construct new, more comprehensive caus…
Conscientiousness, health, and aging
The Conscientiousness (C) of the self and significant others influences health by way of mediational chains involving socioeconomic attainment, the avoidance and neutralization of stressors, the promotion of health behaviors and the minimization of risk behaviors, and the management of symptoms and diseases. Yet, meta-analyses reveal that these associations are moderated by factors that are not well understood. We propose the Life Course of Perso…
Personality, Well-Being, and Health
A lifespan perspective on personality and health uncovers new causal pathways and provides a deeper, more nuanced approach to interventions. It is unproven that happiness is a direct cause of good health or that negative emotion, worry, and depression are significant direct causes of disease. Instead, depression-related characteristics are likely often reflective of an already-deteriorating trajectory. It is also unproven that challenging work in…
The Oxford handbook of health psychology
This title brings together preeminent experts to provide a comprehensive view of key concepts, tools, and findings of this rapidly expanding core discipline. The contributors address foundational concepts of the biopsychosocial approach to health and then discuss application
Personality and Health, Subjective Well‐Being, and Longevity
Personality traits can be employed to guide understanding of trajectories to health and longevity, but long‐term longitudinal study and multifaceted assessment of healthy aging are crucial. Following up on the life span study initiated by Lewis Terman, we assessed 4 validated factors of personality in young adulthood in 1940, constructed a multifactor measure of participants' healthy aging in 1986, and collected death certificates through 2007 (t…
Early Personality Traits as Predictors of Mortality Risk Following Conjugal Bereavement
This study explored pre‐bereavement personality traits and gender as predictors of post‐widowhood mortality risk, using newly derived life span data for participants originally recruited for Lewis Terman's classic study of the gifted. Personality traits measured in 1940 were used to predict mortality risk from 1940 through 2004 for married participants who were either widowed between 1940 and 1986 or who remained married. Results indicated that w…
Does devoutness delay death? Psychological investment in religion and its association with longevity in the Terman sample
Religious people tend to live slightly longer lives (M. E. McCullough, W. T. Hoyt, D. B. Larson, H. G. Koenig, & C. E. Thoresen, 2000). On the basis of the principle of social investment (J. Lodi-Smith & B. W. Roberts, 2007), the authors sought to clarify this phenomenon with a study of religion and longevity that (a) incorporated measures of psychological religious commitment; (b) considered religious change over the life course; and (c) examine…
Do conscientious individuals live longer? A quantitative review.
OBJECTIVE: Following up on growing evidence that higher levels of conscientiousness are associated with greater health protection, the authors conducted a meta-analysis of the association between conscientiousness-related traits and longevity. DESIGN: Using a random-effects analysis model, the authors statistically combined 20 independent samples. In addition, the authors used fixed-effects analyses to examine specific facets of conscientiousness…
Stability of Physical Activity across the Lifespan
Physical activity is associated with various health-relevant psychosocial and physiological processes, but activity stability across extended time periods is inadequately understood. This lifespan longitudinal cohort study examined activity levels of 723 males and 554 females. Associations across time were computed and structural equation modeling compared a one factor model and a simplex model. Results showed activity levels are somewhat stable …
Ethnic Differences in Health Behaviors Among College Students
Ethnic minority groups in the U.S. show significant health disparities, likely arising in part from psychosocial influences on health behaviors. This study explores how ethnicity and acculturation relate to health behaviors among 521 college students. Participants completed a questionnaire assessing eating habits (eating vegetables, fruits, and salads vs. French fries and hamburgers), preventative health behaviors (physical exams, dental visits, …
A Longitudinal Investigation of Associations Between Boys’ Pubertal Timing and Adult Behavioral Health and Well-Being
Health Status and the Five-factor Personality Traits in a Nationally Representative Sample
The authors' objective was to determine the association between the 'big-five' personality traits and mental and physical disorders among adults in the United States. The Midlife Development in the United States Survey, a nationally representative sample of 3032 adults ages 25-74, was used to determine the association between the five-factor traits of personality and common mental and physical disorders. Findings are consistent with and extend pr…
Longevity following the experience of parental divorce
Personality, Well-Being, and Health
A lifespan perspective on personality and health uncovers new causal pathways and provides a deeper, more nuanced approach to interventions. It is unproven that happiness is a direct cause of good health or that negative emotion, worry, and depression are significant direct causes of disease. Instead, depression-related characteristics are likely often reflective of an already-deteriorating trajectory. It is also unproven that challenging work in…
Does childhood personality predict longevity
Key models relating personality and health predict that personality in childhood is indicative of later health and longevity. Longevity predictions are tested using data derived from the 7-decade longitudinal study initiated by L. M. Terman 1921 (L. M. Terman & M. H. Oden, 1947). Variables representing major dimensions of personality are used in statistical survival analyses of longevity in 1,178 males and females. Conscientiousness in childhood …
Health Status and the Five-factor Personality Traits in a Nationally Representative Sample
The authors' objective was to determine the association between the 'big-five' personality traits and mental and physical disorders among adults in the United States. The Midlife Development in the United States Survey, a nationally representative sample of 3032 adults ages 25-74, was used to determine the association between the five-factor traits of personality and common mental and physical disorders. Findings are consistent with and extend pr…
Sociodemographic and psychosocial factors in childhood as predictors of adult mortality
OBJECTIVES: Childhood sociodemographic, psychosocial, and environmental factors are often assumed to affect adult health and longevity. These relationships were prospectively tested by using the 7-decade Terman Life Cycle Study of Children With High Ability (n = 1285). METHODS: Parental socioeconomic status, childhood health, objective childhood stressors (e.g., death or divorce of parents), and childhood personality were considered as potential …
Childhood conscientiousness and longevity
A new life-span approach to conscientiousness and health
Conscientiousness has been shown to predict healthy behaviors, healthy social relationships, and physical health and longevity. The causal links, however, are complex and not well elaborated. Many extant studies have used comparable measures for conscientiousness, and a systematic endeavor to build cross-study analyses for conscientiousness and health now seems feasible. Of particular interest are efforts to construct new, more comprehensive caus…
Individual differences and cues to deception
In an extension of previous studies on deception and deception detection, the present research investigated the relations among individual differences, behavioral cues displayed when deceiving and telling the truth, and the perceptions of naive observers. Sixty-three students were measured on the Self-Monitoring Scale, the Affective Communication Test, the Personality Research Form, The Eysenck Personality Inventory, their acting ability, and the…
Nonverbal display of emotion in public and in private
Individual differences in the expression and regulation of emotion are important components of social skill. The present study focused on the concealing of spontaneous expressions of happiness after winning in a competitive situation against peers. In a repeated measures design, spontaneous expressive behaviors in response to triumph were secretly videotaped when Ss (N = 38) were alone in a room and when they were with 2 fellow competitors (confe…
Parental divorce
Using an archival prospective design, the authors studied associations among parental divorce occurring during participants' childhood, adult psychosocial mediators, and mortality over the life span of a subgroup of participants (N = 1,261) in the Terman Life Cycle Study (1921-1991). Children from divorced families grew up to show a higher risk of premature mortality across the life span. The higher mortality risk for men was explained, in part, …
Understanding and assessing nonverbal expressiveness
Conscientiousness, health, and aging
The Conscientiousness (C) of the self and significant others influences health by way of mediational chains involving socioeconomic attainment, the avoidance and neutralization of stressors, the promotion of health behaviors and the minimization of risk behaviors, and the management of symptoms and diseases. Yet, meta-analyses reveal that these associations are moderated by factors that are not well understood. We propose the Life Course of Perso…
Impression formation
Integrating prospective longitudinal data
The present study used a collaborative framework to integrate 2 long-term prospective studies: the Terman Life Cycle Study and the Hawaii Personality and Health Longitudinal Study. Within a 5-factor personality-trait framework, teacher assessments of child personality were rationally and empirically aligned to establish similar factor structures across samples. Comparable items related to adult self-rated health, education, and alcohol use were h…
Does devoutness delay death? Psychological investment in religion and its association with longevity in the Terman sample
Religious people tend to live slightly longer lives (M. E. McCullough, W. T. Hoyt, D. B. Larson, H. G. Koenig, & C. E. Thoresen, 2000). On the basis of the principle of social investment (J. Lodi-Smith & B. W. Roberts, 2007), the authors sought to clarify this phenomenon with a study of religion and longevity that (a) incorporated measures of psychological religious commitment; (b) considered religious change over the life course; and (c) examine…
Personality, Type A behavior, and coronary heart disease
The nature of the relation between personality factors and coronary heart disease (CHD, the nation's greatest killer) is one of the most important if controversial issues in the field of psychology and health. Although there is still a great deal of conceptual confusion, progress is being made in refining the key components of a predisposition to heart disease. In this article we examine the construct of a coronary-prone personality in the contex…
Stability of Physical Activity across the Lifespan
Physical activity is associated with various health-relevant psychosocial and physiological processes, but activity stability across extended time periods is inadequately understood. This lifespan longitudinal cohort study examined activity levels of 723 males and 554 females. Associations across time were computed and structural equation modeling compared a one factor model and a simplex model. Results showed activity levels are somewhat stable …
Validity of the Type A construct
Nonverbal Communication Between Patients and Medical Practitioners
Proper health care necessitates face‐to‐face interaction between health providers and their patients. This direct contact is important for two sets of reasons: the provider must assess the special quality and intensity of the patient's symptoms, emotions and pain; and the provider must create positive expectations, provide emotional support, and enlist the patient's cooperation with treatment. Regarding medical diagnosis, patients are often unabl…
A Longitudinal Study of Religiosity and Mortality Risk
The relation of adult religiosity to longevity was studied in 993 participants from Terman's 70-year Life-Cycle Study. Key social and behavioral variables of physical health, psychological well-being, socioeconomic status, social support, and health behaviors were also considered. Results indicate that women who viewed themselves as more religious in adulthood (approximately age 40) had a lower risk for premature mortality than those who were les…
Type A behavior, nonverbal expressive style, and health
Understanding the precise nature of the links among styles of behavior, emotional expression, and the development of heart disease is a major challenge in psychology and health. In the present research, 60 men at high risk for coronary heart disease were examined in terms of their expressive style, their specific nonverbal cues, their personality, and their health. As assessed by the self-report Jenkins Activity Survey (JAS; Jenkins, Zyzanski, & …
Health Care as an Interpersonal Process
The interactive effects of facial expressions of emotion and verbal messages on perceptions of affective meaning
Some effects of gaze on subjects motivated to seek or to avoid social comparison
A Longitudinal Investigation of Associations Between Boys’ Pubertal Timing and Adult Behavioral Health and Well-Being
A study of the relationship between individual differences in nonverbal expressiveness and factors of personality and social interaction
Effects of self-esteem and expected duration of interaction on liking for a highly rewarding partner
Psychological theories predicated on the assumption of human selfishness and theories based on principles of equity may lead to conflicting predictions about when a person will like his partner. Of special interest are a person's reactions to receiving uncommonly high rewards. The present study addressed this issue by examing the development of same-sex liking in 40 female college students. It was hypothesized that subjects with lowered self-este…
Social Psychology
Some effects of gaze on subjects motivated to seek or to avoid social comparison
Nonverbal Communication Between Patients and Medical Practitioners
Proper health care necessitates face‐to‐face interaction between health providers and their patients. This direct contact is important for two sets of reasons: the provider must assess the special quality and intensity of the patient's symptoms, emotions and pain; and the provider must create positive expectations, provide emotional support, and enlist the patient's cooperation with treatment. Regarding medical diagnosis, patients are often unabl…
Health Care as an Interpersonal Process
The interactive effects of facial expressions of emotion and verbal messages on perceptions of affective meaning
Perceived Bias in the Facial Expressions of Television News Broadcasters
Howard S. Friedman, Timothy I. Mertz, M. Robin DiMatteo; Perceived Bias in the Facial Expressions of Television News Broadcasters, Journal of Communication
The scientific error of sexist research
A study of the relationship between individual differences in nonverbal expressiveness and factors of personality and social interaction
Predicting Patient Satisfaction from Physicians??? Nonverbal Communication Skills
The relationship between physicians' nonverbal communication skills (their ability to communicate and to understand facial expression, body movement and voice tone cues to emotion) and their patients' satisfaction with medical care was examined in 2 studies. The research involved 71 residents in internal medicine and 462 of their ambulatory and hospitalized patients. Standardized, reliable and valid measures of nonverbal communication skills were…
Understanding and assessing nonverbal expressiveness
On shutting one's eyes to face validity
On shutting one's eyes to face validity
Individual differences and cues to deception
In an extension of previous studies on deception and deception detection, the present research investigated the relations among individual differences, behavioral cues displayed when deceiving and telling the truth, and the perceptions of naive observers. Sixty-three students were measured on the Self-Monitoring Scale, the Affective Communication Test, the Personality Research Form, The Eysenck Personality Inventory, their acting ability, and the…
Nonverbal Behavior
1. Defining a Perspective on Nonverbal Behavior.- Patterns of Nonverbal Behaviors.- Nonverbal Involvement.- Functional Analysis.- Summary.- 2. Developing a Sequential Functional Model.- Theoretical Background.- Empirical Research on the Arousal Model.- Comprehensiveness of Existing Theories.- Antecedent Factors.- Mediating Mechanisms.- Exchange Outcome.- A Sequential Functional Model.- Summary.- 3. The Informational Function.- Perspectives on Com…
Type A behavior, nonverbal expressive style, and health
Understanding the precise nature of the links among styles of behavior, emotional expression, and the development of heart disease is a major challenge in psychology and health. In the present research, 60 men at high risk for coronary heart disease were examined in terms of their expressive style, their specific nonverbal cues, their personality, and their health. As assessed by the self-report Jenkins Activity Survey (JAS; Jenkins, Zyzanski, & …
Impression formation
The "disease-prone personality"
The "disease-prone personality"
Psychological predictors of heart disease
Psychological predictors of heart disease
Personality, Type A behavior, and coronary heart disease
The nature of the relation between personality factors and coronary heart disease (CHD, the nation's greatest killer) is one of the most important if controversial issues in the field of psychology and health. Although there is still a great deal of conceptual confusion, progress is being made in refining the key components of a predisposition to heart disease. In this article we examine the construct of a coronary-prone personality in the contex…
Validity of the Type A construct
Nonverbal display of emotion in public and in private
Individual differences in the expression and regulation of emotion are important components of social skill. The present study focused on the concealing of spontaneous expressions of happiness after winning in a competitive situation against peers. In a repeated measures design, spontaneous expressive behaviors in response to triumph were secretly videotaped when Ss (N = 38) were alone in a room and when they were with 2 fellow competitors (confe…
Does childhood personality predict longevity
Key models relating personality and health predict that personality in childhood is indicative of later health and longevity. Longevity predictions are tested using data derived from the 7-decade longitudinal study initiated by L. M. Terman 1921 (L. M. Terman & M. H. Oden, 1947). Variables representing major dimensions of personality are used in statistical survival analyses of longevity in 1,178 males and females. Conscientiousness in childhood …
Psychology (49 obras) · Social Psychology (35 obras) · Medicine (33 obras) · Developmental psychology (29 obras) · Personality (23 obras) · Clinical Psychology (21 obras) · Social Psychology (19 obras) · Big Five personality traits (15 obras) · Gerontology (15 obras) · Psychiatry (14 obras)