Frank Ewert
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 1574485 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Frank Ewert |
| PRENOMES | Frank |
| SOBRENOME | Ewert |
| ASSINATURA | EWERT F |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of Bonn |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-4392-8154 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 26 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 25 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 26 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2005 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 3 |
Crop models for future food systems
Is the volatility of yields for major crops grown in Germany related to spatial diversification at county level
Recent evidence suggests a stabilizing effect of crop diversity on agricultural production. However, different methods are used for assessing these effects and there is little systematic quantitative evidence on diversification benefits. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between volatility of combined crop yields (denoted as standard deviation) and diversity (denoted as Shannon’s Evenness Index SEI) for standardized yield data …
Evidence for increasing global wheat yield potential
Wheat is the most widely grown food crop, with 761 Mt produced globally in 2020. To meet the expected grain demand by mid-century, wheat breeding strategies must continue to improve upon yield-advancing physiological traits, regardless of climate change impacts. Here, the best performing doubled haploid (DH) crosses with an increased canopy photosynthesis from wheat field experiments in the literature were extrapolated to the global scale with a …
Extreme lows of wheat production in Brazil
Wheat production in Brazil is insufficient to meet domestic demand and falls drastically in response to adverse climate events. Multiple, agro-climate-specific regression models, quantifying regional production variability, were combined to estimate national production based on past climate, cropping area, trend-corrected yield, and national commodity prices. Projections with five CMIP6 climate change models suggest extremes of low wheat producti…
Methodology to assess the changing risk of yield failure due to heat and drought stress under climate change
While the understanding of average impacts of climate change on crop yields is improving, few assessments have quantified expected impacts on yield distributions and the risk of yield failures. Here we present the relative distribution as a method to assess how the risk of yield failure due to heat and drought stress (measured in terms of return period between yields falling 15% below previous five year Olympic average yield) responds to changes …
Nutrient supply affects the yield stability of major European crops—a 50 year study
Yield stability is important for food security and a sustainable crop production, especially under changing climatic conditions. It is well known that the variability of yields is linked to changes in meteorological conditions. However, little is known about the long-term effects of agronomic management strategies, such as the supply of important nutrients. We analysed the stability of four major European crops grown between 1955 and 2008 at a lo…
No perfect storm for crop yield failure in Germany
Large-scale crop yield failures are increasingly associated with food price spikes and food insecurity and are a large source of income risk for farmers. While the evidence linking extreme weather to yield failures is clear, consensus on the broader set of weather drivers and conditions responsible for recent yield failures is lacking. We investigate this for the case of four major crops in Germany over the past 20 years using a combination of ma…
Modelling food security: Bridging the gap between the micro and the macro scale
Estimating the contribution of crop residues to soil organic carbon conservation
Crop residues contribute to the maintenance of soil organic carbon (SOC) stores, a key component of soil fertility and soil-based climate change mitigation strategies, such as the ‘4 per 1000’ initiative. Residues are also in demand in sectors coupled to crop production, such as the supply chain of livestock and bioenergy production. Ongoing debate revolves around balancing these competing uses, but science-based assessments of the long-term sust…
Genetic yield gains of winter wheat in Germany over more than 100 years (1895–2007) under contrasting fertilizer applications
For highly productive regions such as Germany, the increase of wheat grain yields observed throughout the 20th century is largely attributed to the progress in crop breeding and agronomic management. However, several studies indicate a strong variability of the genetic contribution across locations that further varies with experimental design and variety selection. It is therefore still unclear to which extent management conditions have promoted …
Impacts of 1.5 versus 2.0 °C on cereal yields in the West African Sudan Savanna
To reduce the risks of climate change, governments agreed in the Paris Agreement to limit global temperature rise to less than 2.0 C above pre-industrial levels, with the ambition to keep warming to 1.5 C. Charting appropriate mitigation responses requires information on the costs of mitigating versus associated damages for the two levels of warming. In this assessment, a critical consideration is the impact on crop yields and yield variability i…
Temperature increase reduces global yields of major crops in four independent estimates
Significance Agricultural production is vulnerable to climate change. Understanding climate change, especially the temperature impacts, is critical if policymakers, agriculturalists, and crop breeders are to ensure global food security. Our study, by compiling extensive published results from four analytical methods, shows that independent methods consistently estimated negative temperature impacts on yields of four major crops at the global scal…
An AgMIP framework for improved agricultural representation in integrated assessment models
Integrated assessment models (IAMs) hold great potential to assess how future agricultural systems will be shaped by socioeconomic development, technological innovation, and changing climate conditions. By coupling with climate and crop model emulators, IAMs have the potential to resolve important agricultural feedback loops and identify unintended consequences of socioeconomic development for agricultural systems. Here we propose a framework to …
Heat stress is overestimated in climate impact studies for irrigated agriculture
Climate change will increase the number and severity of heat waves, and is expected to negatively affect crop yields. Here we show for wheat and maize across Europe that heat stress is considerably reduced by irrigation due to surface cooling for both current and projected future climate. We demonstrate that crop heat stress impact assessments should be based on canopy temperature because simulations with air temperatures measured at standard wea…
Uncertainty in future irrigation water demand and risk of crop failure for maize in Europe
Intensity of heat stress in winter wheat—phenology compensates for the adverse effect of global warming
Higher temperatures during the growing season are likely to reduce crop yields with implications for crop production and food security. The negative impact of heat stress has also been predicted to increase even further for cereals such as wheat under climate change. Previous empirical modeling studies have focused on the magnitude and frequency of extreme events during the growth period but did not consider the effect of higher temperature on cr…
Impact of heat stress on crop yield—on the importance of considering canopy temperature
Increasing crop productivity while simultaneously reducing the environmental footprint of crop production is considered a major challenge for the coming decades. Even short episodes of heat stress can reduce crop yield considerably causing low resource use efficiency. Studies on the impact of heat stress on crop yields over larger regions generally rely on temperatures measured by standard weather stations at 2 m height. Canopy temperatures measu…
Future crop production threatened by extreme heat
Heat is considered to be a major stress limiting crop growth and yields. While important findings on the impact of heat on crop yield have been made based on experiments in controlled environments, little is known about the effects under field conditions at larger scales. The study of Deryng et al (2014 Global crop yield response to extreme heat stress under multiple climate change futures Environ. Res. Lett. 9 034011), analysing the impact of he…
The Agricultural Model Intercomparison and Improvement Project (AgMIP): Protocols and pilot studies
A methodology for enhanced flexibility of integrated assessment in agriculture
A goal oriented indicator framework to support integrated assessment of new policies for agri-environmental systems
Methodology to translate policy assessment problems into scenarios: The example of the Seamless integrated framework
Regional Farm Diversity Can Reduce Vulnerability of Food Production to Climate Change
Food production must adapt in the face of climate change. In Europe, projected vulnerability of food production to climate change is particularly high in Mediterranean regions. Increasing agricultural diversity has been suggested as an adaptation strategy, but empirical evidence is lacking. We analyzed the relationship between regional farm diversity (i.e., diversity among farm types) and the effects of climate variability on regional wheat (Trit…
Modeling the Biophysical Impacts of Global Change in Mountain Biosphere Reserves
Mountains and mountain societies provide a wide range of goods and services to humanity, but they are particularly sensitive to the effects of global environmental change. Thus, the definition of appropriate management regimes that maintain the multiple functions of mountain regions in a time of greatly changing climatic, economic, and societal drivers constitutes a significant challenge. Management decisions must be based on a sound understandin…
A coherent set of future land use change scenarios for Europe
A goal oriented indicator framework to support integrated assessment of new policies for agri-environmental systems
A methodology for enhanced flexibility of integrated assessment in agriculture
Methodology to translate policy assessment problems into scenarios: The example of the Seamless integrated framework
Regional Farm Diversity Can Reduce Vulnerability of Food Production to Climate Change
Food production must adapt in the face of climate change. In Europe, projected vulnerability of food production to climate change is particularly high in Mediterranean regions. Increasing agricultural diversity has been suggested as an adaptation strategy, but empirical evidence is lacking. We analyzed the relationship between regional farm diversity (i.e., diversity among farm types) and the effects of climate variability on regional wheat (Trit…
Modelling food security: Bridging the gap between the micro and the macro scale
Ecosystem Service Supply and Vulnerability to Global Change in Europe
Global change will alter the supply of ecosystem services that are vital for human well-being. To investigate ecosystem service supply during the 21st century, we used a range of ecosystem models and scenarios of climate and land-use change to conduct a Europe-wide assessment. Large changes in climate and land use typically resulted in large changes in ecosystem service supply. Some of these trends may be positive (for example, increases in fores…
A coherent set of future land use change scenarios for Europe
Modeling the Biophysical Impacts of Global Change in Mountain Biosphere Reserves
Mountains and mountain societies provide a wide range of goods and services to humanity, but they are particularly sensitive to the effects of global environmental change. Thus, the definition of appropriate management regimes that maintain the multiple functions of mountain regions in a time of greatly changing climatic, economic, and societal drivers constitutes a significant challenge. Management decisions must be based on a sound understandin…
Regional Farm Diversity Can Reduce Vulnerability of Food Production to Climate Change
Food production must adapt in the face of climate change. In Europe, projected vulnerability of food production to climate change is particularly high in Mediterranean regions. Increasing agricultural diversity has been suggested as an adaptation strategy, but empirical evidence is lacking. We analyzed the relationship between regional farm diversity (i.e., diversity among farm types) and the effects of climate variability on regional wheat (Trit…
A methodology for enhanced flexibility of integrated assessment in agriculture
A goal oriented indicator framework to support integrated assessment of new policies for agri-environmental systems
Methodology to translate policy assessment problems into scenarios: The example of the Seamless integrated framework
The Agricultural Model Intercomparison and Improvement Project (AgMIP): Protocols and pilot studies
Impact of heat stress on crop yield—on the importance of considering canopy temperature
Increasing crop productivity while simultaneously reducing the environmental footprint of crop production is considered a major challenge for the coming decades. Even short episodes of heat stress can reduce crop yield considerably causing low resource use efficiency. Studies on the impact of heat stress on crop yields over larger regions generally rely on temperatures measured by standard weather stations at 2 m height. Canopy temperatures measu…
Future crop production threatened by extreme heat
Heat is considered to be a major stress limiting crop growth and yields. While important findings on the impact of heat on crop yield have been made based on experiments in controlled environments, little is known about the effects under field conditions at larger scales. The study of Deryng et al (2014 Global crop yield response to extreme heat stress under multiple climate change futures Environ. Res. Lett. 9 034011), analysing the impact of he…
Intensity of heat stress in winter wheat—phenology compensates for the adverse effect of global warming
Higher temperatures during the growing season are likely to reduce crop yields with implications for crop production and food security. The negative impact of heat stress has also been predicted to increase even further for cereals such as wheat under climate change. Previous empirical modeling studies have focused on the magnitude and frequency of extreme events during the growth period but did not consider the effect of higher temperature on cr…
Uncertainty in future irrigation water demand and risk of crop failure for maize in Europe
Temperature increase reduces global yields of major crops in four independent estimates
Significance Agricultural production is vulnerable to climate change. Understanding climate change, especially the temperature impacts, is critical if policymakers, agriculturalists, and crop breeders are to ensure global food security. Our study, by compiling extensive published results from four analytical methods, shows that independent methods consistently estimated negative temperature impacts on yields of four major crops at the global scal…
An AgMIP framework for improved agricultural representation in integrated assessment models
Integrated assessment models (IAMs) hold great potential to assess how future agricultural systems will be shaped by socioeconomic development, technological innovation, and changing climate conditions. By coupling with climate and crop model emulators, IAMs have the potential to resolve important agricultural feedback loops and identify unintended consequences of socioeconomic development for agricultural systems. Here we propose a framework to …
Heat stress is overestimated in climate impact studies for irrigated agriculture
Climate change will increase the number and severity of heat waves, and is expected to negatively affect crop yields. Here we show for wheat and maize across Europe that heat stress is considerably reduced by irrigation due to surface cooling for both current and projected future climate. We demonstrate that crop heat stress impact assessments should be based on canopy temperature because simulations with air temperatures measured at standard wea…
Genetic yield gains of winter wheat in Germany over more than 100 years (1895–2007) under contrasting fertilizer applications
For highly productive regions such as Germany, the increase of wheat grain yields observed throughout the 20th century is largely attributed to the progress in crop breeding and agronomic management. However, several studies indicate a strong variability of the genetic contribution across locations that further varies with experimental design and variety selection. It is therefore still unclear to which extent management conditions have promoted …
Impacts of 1.5 versus 2.0 °C on cereal yields in the West African Sudan Savanna
To reduce the risks of climate change, governments agreed in the Paris Agreement to limit global temperature rise to less than 2.0 C above pre-industrial levels, with the ambition to keep warming to 1.5 C. Charting appropriate mitigation responses requires information on the costs of mitigating versus associated damages for the two levels of warming. In this assessment, a critical consideration is the impact on crop yields and yield variability i…
Estimating the contribution of crop residues to soil organic carbon conservation
Crop residues contribute to the maintenance of soil organic carbon (SOC) stores, a key component of soil fertility and soil-based climate change mitigation strategies, such as the ‘4 per 1000’ initiative. Residues are also in demand in sectors coupled to crop production, such as the supply chain of livestock and bioenergy production. Ongoing debate revolves around balancing these competing uses, but science-based assessments of the long-term sust…
Nutrient supply affects the yield stability of major European crops—a 50 year study
Yield stability is important for food security and a sustainable crop production, especially under changing climatic conditions. It is well known that the variability of yields is linked to changes in meteorological conditions. However, little is known about the long-term effects of agronomic management strategies, such as the supply of important nutrients. We analysed the stability of four major European crops grown between 1955 and 2008 at a lo…
No perfect storm for crop yield failure in Germany
Large-scale crop yield failures are increasingly associated with food price spikes and food insecurity and are a large source of income risk for farmers. While the evidence linking extreme weather to yield failures is clear, consensus on the broader set of weather drivers and conditions responsible for recent yield failures is lacking. We investigate this for the case of four major crops in Germany over the past 20 years using a combination of ma…
Modelling food security: Bridging the gap between the micro and the macro scale
Extreme lows of wheat production in Brazil
Wheat production in Brazil is insufficient to meet domestic demand and falls drastically in response to adverse climate events. Multiple, agro-climate-specific regression models, quantifying regional production variability, were combined to estimate national production based on past climate, cropping area, trend-corrected yield, and national commodity prices. Projections with five CMIP6 climate change models suggest extremes of low wheat producti…
Methodology to assess the changing risk of yield failure due to heat and drought stress under climate change
While the understanding of average impacts of climate change on crop yields is improving, few assessments have quantified expected impacts on yield distributions and the risk of yield failures. Here we present the relative distribution as a method to assess how the risk of yield failure due to heat and drought stress (measured in terms of return period between yields falling 15% below previous five year Olympic average yield) responds to changes …
Evidence for increasing global wheat yield potential
Wheat is the most widely grown food crop, with 761 Mt produced globally in 2020. To meet the expected grain demand by mid-century, wheat breeding strategies must continue to improve upon yield-advancing physiological traits, regardless of climate change impacts. Here, the best performing doubled haploid (DH) crosses with an increased canopy photosynthesis from wheat field experiments in the literature were extrapolated to the global scale with a …
Is the volatility of yields for major crops grown in Germany related to spatial diversification at county level
Recent evidence suggests a stabilizing effect of crop diversity on agricultural production. However, different methods are used for assessing these effects and there is little systematic quantitative evidence on diversification benefits. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between volatility of combined crop yields (denoted as standard deviation) and diversity (denoted as Shannon’s Evenness Index SEI) for standardized yield data …
Environmental Science (21 obras) · Climate change impacts on agriculture (16 obras) · Climate change (15 obras) · Agriculture (14 obras) · Ecology (13 obras) · Agronomy (12 obras) · Biology (11 obras) · Crop (11 obras) · Geography (11 obras) · Crop yield (9 obras)