M Galesic
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 162040 |
|---|---|
| NOME | M Galesic |
| PRENOMES | M |
| SOBRENOME | Galesic |
| ASSINATURA | GALESIC M |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Max Planck Institute for Human Development |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-1712-9455 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 30 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 303 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 30 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2002 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 8 |
A Model of Long-Term Conflict Resolution and Cooperation
The formal end of a political conflict does not always create lasting peace, as interpersonal violence can persist for years or decades after large-scale hostility ends. A key question for policymakers and peace builders, then, is how interventions into situations of low social capital might resolve persistent interpersonal conflicts sustained through complex networks of interaction. Existing approaches to this question generally focus on the sma…
Networks of Beliefs
We present a theory of belief dynamics that explains the interplay between internal beliefs in people’s minds and beliefs of others in their external social environments. The Networks of Belief theory goes beyond existing theories of belief dynamics in three ways. First, it provides an explicit connection between belief networks in individual minds and belief dynamics on social networks. The connection, absent from most previous theories, is esta…
The Psychology of Collectives
published
Supplemental Material for Field-Specific Ability Beliefs as an Explanation for Gender Differences in Academics’ Career Trajectories
an aggregated ORCID public data file [2] and also made available on demand to ORCID member institutions.The most recent version of ORCID public data were accessed on February 18, 2021
Asking about Social Circles Improves Election Predictions Even with Many Political Parties
Traditionally, election polls have asked for participants’ own voting intentions. In four elections, we previously found that we could improve predictions by asking participants how they thought their social circles would vote. A potential concern is that the social-circle question might predict results less well in elections with larger numbers of political options because it becomes harder to accurately track how social contacts plan to vote. H…
Socioeconomic roots of academic faculty
Despite the special role of tenure-track faculty in society, training future researchers and producing scholarship that drives scientific and technological innovation, the sociodemographic characteristics of the professoriate have never been representative of the general population. Here we systematically investigate the indicators of faculty childhood socioeconomic status and consider how they may limit efforts to diversify the professoriate. Co…
The unequal impact of parenthood in academia
Parenthood causes an unequal impact to the productivity of women in academia, taking 5 years for them to catch up to men.
Strategic Identity Signaling in Heterogeneous Networks
Individuals often signal identity information to facilitate assortment with partners who are likely to share norms, values, and goals. However, individuals may also be incentivized to encrypt their identity signals to avoid detection by dissimilar receivers, particularly when such detection is costly. Using mathematical modeling, this idea has previously been formalized into a theory of covert signaling. In this paper, we provide the first empiri…
Integrating social and cognitive aspects of belief dynamics
Belief change and spread have been studied in many disciplines-- from psychology, sociology, economics and philosophy, to computer science and statistical physics-- but we still do not have a firm grasp on why some beliefs change and spread easier than others. To fully capture the complex social-cognitive system that give rise to belief dynamics, we need to integrate the findings of these disciplines into a single framework. Communication between…
Homophily and minority-group size explain perception biases in social networks
A sampling model of social judgment
Studies of social judgments have demonstrated a number of diverse phenomena that were so far difficult to explain within a single theoretical framework. Prominent examples are false consensus and false uniqueness, as well as self-enhancement and self-depreciation. Here we show that these seemingly complex phenomena can be a product of an interplay between basic cognitive processes and the structure of social and task environments. We propose and …
Asking about social circles improves election predictions
Media habits and their impact on media platform selection for information use
Media selection processes for current information are part of recipients' daily routine. As media choices take place repeatedly, they are most likely (at least partly) habitdriven. This paper focuses on two aspects: First, based on an elaborate definition of media habits as mental scripts automatically activated, we argue that habits are important determinants of the frequency of media platform selection for information purposes. Second, we diffe…
Decision and Choice
Latvijas emigrantu kopienas
Monogrāfija izstrādāta un izdota ar Eiropas Sociālā fonda finansiālu atbalstu projekta «Latvijas emigrantu kopienas: nacionālā identitāte, transnacionālās attiecības un diasporas politika» (vienošanās Nr. 2013/0055/1DP/1.1.1.2.0/13/APIA/VIAA/040) ietvaros
How People with Low and High Graph Literacy Process Health Graphs
Graphs facilitate the communication of important quantitative information, often serving as effective decision support tools. Yet, graphs are not equally useful for all individuals, as people differ substantially in their graph literacy—the ability to understand graphically presented information. Although some features of graphs can be interpreted using spatial‐to‐conceptual mappings that can be established by adults and children with no graphing…
On defensive decision making
Background In the past decade, the number of lawsuits for medical malpractice has risen significantly. This could affect the way doctors make decisions for their patients. Objective To investigate whether and why doctors practice defensive medicine with their patients. Design A questionnaire study was conducted in general practice departments of eight metropolitan hospitals in Spain, between January and February 2010. Setting and participants Eig…
Left Feels Right
The literature on human-computer interaction consistently stresses the importance of reducing the cognitive effort required by users who interact with a computer in order to improve the experience and enhance usability and comprehension. Applying this perspective to web surveys, questionnaire designers are advised to strive for layouts that facilitate the response process and reduce the effort required to select an answer. In this article, we exa…
Stereotypes About Men's and Women's Intuitions
Since the Enlightenment, rationality has been set above intuition and associated with male thought, while intuition has become linked with female thought. Do these stereotypes still exist today? If they do, are they the same for different domains of life? And are they stable across age groups, gender, and culture? We investigated these questions in two countries that differ in women's traditional roles, using representative national samples of 1,…
Sample Composition Discrepancies in Different Stages of a Probability-based Online Panel
We report sample composition discrepancies related to demographic and personality variables occurring in different stages of development of a probability-based online panel. The first stage-selecting eligible participants-produces differences between Internet users and nonusers in age, education, and gender distribution as well as in the personality traits of openness to experience, conscientiousness, and extraversion. The second and third stages…
Measuring Risk Literacy
We introduce the Berlin Numeracy Test, a new psychometrically sound instrument that quickly assesses statistical numeracy and risk literacy. We present 21 studies ( n =5336) showing robust psychometric discriminability across 15 countries (e.g., Germany, Pakistan, Japan, USA) and diverse samples (e.g., medical professionals, general populations, Mechanical Turk web panels). Analyses demonstrate desirable patterns of convergent validity (e.g., num…
Strategy Selection in Risky Choice
Real‐world decisions often involve options with outcomes that are uncertain and trigger strong affect (e.g., side effects of a drug). Previous work suggests that when choosing among affect‐rich risky prospects, people are rather insensitive to probability information, potentially compromising decision quality. We modeled the strategies of less and more numerate participants in the United States and in Germany when choosing between affect‐rich pro…
Seeing Through the Eyes of the Respondent
Asking questions is the predominant method of gathering information about people’s beliefs, values, attitudes, behaviors, and states of affairs (e.g., Foddy, 1993; Schuman & Presser, 1981). To ensure that the data obtained through surveys are reliable and lead to valid conclusions, respondents must comprehend the questions as intended by the survey designer and find it easy to answer them accurately. More specifically, they must understand the it…
Who proficts from visual aids
Communicating Treatment Risk Reduction to People With Low Numeracy Skills
Objectives. We sought to address denominator neglect (i.e. the focus on the number of treated and nontreated patients who died, without sufficiently considering the overall numbers of patients) in estimates of treatment risk reduction, and analyzed whether icon arrays aid comprehension. Methods. We performed a survey of probabilistic, national samples in the United States and Germany in July and August of 2008. Participants received scenarios inv…
Effects of Questionnaire Length on Participation and Indicators of Response Quality in a Web Survey
This paper investigates how expected and actual question naire length affects cooperation rates and a variety of indicators of data quality in web surveys. We hypothesized that the expected length of a web-based questionnaire is negatively related to the initial willingness to participate. Moreover, the serial position of questions was predicted to influence four indicators of data quality. We hypothesized that ques tions asked later in a web-bas…
Eye-Tracking Data
Survey researchers since Cannell have worried that respondents may take various shortcuts to reduce the effort needed to complete a survey. The evidence for such shortcuts is often indirect. For instance, preferences for earlier versus later response options have been interpreted as evidence that respondents do not read beyond the first few options. This is really only a hypothesis, however, that is not supported by direct evidence regarding the …
Who proficts from visual aids
Seeing Through the Eyes of the Respondent
Asking questions is the predominant method of gathering information about people’s beliefs, values, attitudes, behaviors, and states of affairs (e.g., Foddy, 1993; Schuman & Presser, 1981). To ensure that the data obtained through surveys are reliable and lead to valid conclusions, respondents must comprehend the questions as intended by the survey designer and find it easy to answer them accurately. More specifically, they must understand the it…
Socioeconomic roots of academic faculty
Despite the special role of tenure-track faculty in society, training future researchers and producing scholarship that drives scientific and technological innovation, the sociodemographic characteristics of the professoriate have never been representative of the general population. Here we systematically investigate the indicators of faculty childhood socioeconomic status and consider how they may limit efforts to diversify the professoriate. Co…
Effects of Immediate Versus Delayed Notification of Prize Draw Results on Response Behavior in Web Surveys
Many online surveys offer the chance to win prizes as a primary incentive for respondents. One researcher found that prepaid monetary incentives were the most effective technique for increasing response rates, however, other researchers showed that a prize incentive outperformed other incentive types in a web-based survey. Using the immediacy effect and supporting theories as a base, this study extends the research on using prize draws as an effe…
Homophily and minority-group size explain perception biases in social networks
A sampling model of social judgment
Studies of social judgments have demonstrated a number of diverse phenomena that were so far difficult to explain within a single theoretical framework. Prominent examples are false consensus and false uniqueness, as well as self-enhancement and self-depreciation. Here we show that these seemingly complex phenomena can be a product of an interplay between basic cognitive processes and the structure of social and task environments. We propose and …
Asking about social circles improves election predictions
Strategy Selection in Risky Choice
Real‐world decisions often involve options with outcomes that are uncertain and trigger strong affect (e.g., side effects of a drug). Previous work suggests that when choosing among affect‐rich risky prospects, people are rather insensitive to probability information, potentially compromising decision quality. We modeled the strategies of less and more numerate participants in the United States and in Germany when choosing between affect‐rich pro…
Left Feels Right
The literature on human-computer interaction consistently stresses the importance of reducing the cognitive effort required by users who interact with a computer in order to improve the experience and enhance usability and comprehension. Applying this perspective to web surveys, questionnaire designers are advised to strive for layouts that facilitate the response process and reduce the effort required to select an answer. In this article, we exa…
Communicating Treatment Risk Reduction to People With Low Numeracy Skills
Objectives. We sought to address denominator neglect (i.e. the focus on the number of treated and nontreated patients who died, without sufficiently considering the overall numbers of patients) in estimates of treatment risk reduction, and analyzed whether icon arrays aid comprehension. Methods. We performed a survey of probabilistic, national samples in the United States and Germany in July and August of 2008. Participants received scenarios inv…
How People with Low and High Graph Literacy Process Health Graphs
Graphs facilitate the communication of important quantitative information, often serving as effective decision support tools. Yet, graphs are not equally useful for all individuals, as people differ substantially in their graph literacy—the ability to understand graphically presented information. Although some features of graphs can be interpreted using spatial‐to‐conceptual mappings that can be established by adults and children with no graphing…
Aktivnosti i financijsko stanje nezaposlenih u Hrvatskoj. Ima li osnova za tezu o socijalnoj isključenosti dugotrajno nezaposlenih osoba
Cilj rada bio je ispitati strukturu svakodnevnih aktivnosti, financijsko stanje, percipiranu razinu socijalne podrske i intenzitet traženja posla nezaposlenih osoba u Republici Hrvatskoj, te provjeriti postoje li između kratkotrajno i dugotrajno nezaposlenih osoba razlike koje upucuju na djelovanje procesa socijalne iskljucenosti. Taj proces implicira krug socijalne degradacije u kojem dugotrajna nezaposlenost vodi siromastvu i socijalnoj izolaci…
Asking about Social Circles Improves Election Predictions Even with Many Political Parties
Traditionally, election polls have asked for participants’ own voting intentions. In four elections, we previously found that we could improve predictions by asking participants how they thought their social circles would vote. A potential concern is that the social-circle question might predict results less well in elections with larger numbers of political options because it becomes harder to accurately track how social contacts plan to vote. H…
Sample Composition Discrepancies in Different Stages of a Probability-based Online Panel
We report sample composition discrepancies related to demographic and personality variables occurring in different stages of development of a probability-based online panel. The first stage-selecting eligible participants-produces differences between Internet users and nonusers in age, education, and gender distribution as well as in the personality traits of openness to experience, conscientiousness, and extraversion. The second and third stages…
Media habits and their impact on media platform selection for information use
Media selection processes for current information are part of recipients' daily routine. As media choices take place repeatedly, they are most likely (at least partly) habitdriven. This paper focuses on two aspects: First, based on an elaborate definition of media habits as mental scripts automatically activated, we argue that habits are important determinants of the frequency of media platform selection for information purposes. Second, we diffe…
Work-life Balance Among Croatian Employees
This study explores whether work-life imbalance due to long working hours exists among employees in Croatia, and examines some of its antecedents and consequences. In studying the consequences, joint effects of the time spent at work and in home roles are considered in a broader conceptual framework which incorporates the concept of work-life interference. A questionnaire assessing individual and contextual variables, time spent at work and in ho…
Work-life Balance Among Croatian Employees
This study explores whether work-life imbalance due to long working hours exists among employees in Croatia, and examines some of its antecedents and consequences. In studying the consequences, joint effects of the time spent at work and in home roles are considered in a broader conceptual framework which incorporates the concept of work-life interference. A questionnaire assessing individual and contextual variables, time spent at work and in ho…
Effects of Immediate Versus Delayed Notification of Prize Draw Results on Response Behavior in Web Surveys
Many online surveys offer the chance to win prizes as a primary incentive for respondents. One researcher found that prepaid monetary incentives were the most effective technique for increasing response rates, however, other researchers showed that a prize incentive outperformed other incentive types in a web-based survey. Using the immediacy effect and supporting theories as a base, this study extends the research on using prize draws as an effe…
Aktivnosti i financijsko stanje nezaposlenih u Hrvatskoj. Ima li osnova za tezu o socijalnoj isključenosti dugotrajno nezaposlenih osoba
Cilj rada bio je ispitati strukturu svakodnevnih aktivnosti, financijsko stanje, percipiranu razinu socijalne podrske i intenzitet traženja posla nezaposlenih osoba u Republici Hrvatskoj, te provjeriti postoje li između kratkotrajno i dugotrajno nezaposlenih osoba razlike koje upucuju na djelovanje procesa socijalne iskljucenosti. Taj proces implicira krug socijalne degradacije u kojem dugotrajna nezaposlenost vodi siromastvu i socijalnoj izolaci…
Eye-Tracking Data
Survey researchers since Cannell have worried that respondents may take various shortcuts to reduce the effort needed to complete a survey. The evidence for such shortcuts is often indirect. For instance, preferences for earlier versus later response options have been interpreted as evidence that respondents do not read beyond the first few options. This is really only a hypothesis, however, that is not supported by direct evidence regarding the …
Communicating Treatment Risk Reduction to People With Low Numeracy Skills
Objectives. We sought to address denominator neglect (i.e. the focus on the number of treated and nontreated patients who died, without sufficiently considering the overall numbers of patients) in estimates of treatment risk reduction, and analyzed whether icon arrays aid comprehension. Methods. We performed a survey of probabilistic, national samples in the United States and Germany in July and August of 2008. Participants received scenarios inv…
Effects of Questionnaire Length on Participation and Indicators of Response Quality in a Web Survey
This paper investigates how expected and actual question naire length affects cooperation rates and a variety of indicators of data quality in web surveys. We hypothesized that the expected length of a web-based questionnaire is negatively related to the initial willingness to participate. Moreover, the serial position of questions was predicted to influence four indicators of data quality. We hypothesized that ques tions asked later in a web-bas…
Who proficts from visual aids
Seeing Through the Eyes of the Respondent
Asking questions is the predominant method of gathering information about people’s beliefs, values, attitudes, behaviors, and states of affairs (e.g., Foddy, 1993; Schuman & Presser, 1981). To ensure that the data obtained through surveys are reliable and lead to valid conclusions, respondents must comprehend the questions as intended by the survey designer and find it easy to answer them accurately. More specifically, they must understand the it…
Measuring Risk Literacy
We introduce the Berlin Numeracy Test, a new psychometrically sound instrument that quickly assesses statistical numeracy and risk literacy. We present 21 studies ( n =5336) showing robust psychometric discriminability across 15 countries (e.g., Germany, Pakistan, Japan, USA) and diverse samples (e.g., medical professionals, general populations, Mechanical Turk web panels). Analyses demonstrate desirable patterns of convergent validity (e.g., num…
Strategy Selection in Risky Choice
Real‐world decisions often involve options with outcomes that are uncertain and trigger strong affect (e.g., side effects of a drug). Previous work suggests that when choosing among affect‐rich risky prospects, people are rather insensitive to probability information, potentially compromising decision quality. We modeled the strategies of less and more numerate participants in the United States and in Germany when choosing between affect‐rich pro…
Sample Composition Discrepancies in Different Stages of a Probability-based Online Panel
We report sample composition discrepancies related to demographic and personality variables occurring in different stages of development of a probability-based online panel. The first stage-selecting eligible participants-produces differences between Internet users and nonusers in age, education, and gender distribution as well as in the personality traits of openness to experience, conscientiousness, and extraversion. The second and third stages…
On defensive decision making
Background In the past decade, the number of lawsuits for medical malpractice has risen significantly. This could affect the way doctors make decisions for their patients. Objective To investigate whether and why doctors practice defensive medicine with their patients. Design A questionnaire study was conducted in general practice departments of eight metropolitan hospitals in Spain, between January and February 2010. Setting and participants Eig…
Left Feels Right
The literature on human-computer interaction consistently stresses the importance of reducing the cognitive effort required by users who interact with a computer in order to improve the experience and enhance usability and comprehension. Applying this perspective to web surveys, questionnaire designers are advised to strive for layouts that facilitate the response process and reduce the effort required to select an answer. In this article, we exa…
Stereotypes About Men's and Women's Intuitions
Since the Enlightenment, rationality has been set above intuition and associated with male thought, while intuition has become linked with female thought. Do these stereotypes still exist today? If they do, are they the same for different domains of life? And are they stable across age groups, gender, and culture? We investigated these questions in two countries that differ in women's traditional roles, using representative national samples of 1,…
Decision and Choice
Latvijas emigrantu kopienas
Monogrāfija izstrādāta un izdota ar Eiropas Sociālā fonda finansiālu atbalstu projekta «Latvijas emigrantu kopienas: nacionālā identitāte, transnacionālās attiecības un diasporas politika» (vienošanās Nr. 2013/0055/1DP/1.1.1.2.0/13/APIA/VIAA/040) ietvaros
How People with Low and High Graph Literacy Process Health Graphs
Graphs facilitate the communication of important quantitative information, often serving as effective decision support tools. Yet, graphs are not equally useful for all individuals, as people differ substantially in their graph literacy—the ability to understand graphically presented information. Although some features of graphs can be interpreted using spatial‐to‐conceptual mappings that can be established by adults and children with no graphing…
Media habits and their impact on media platform selection for information use
Media selection processes for current information are part of recipients' daily routine. As media choices take place repeatedly, they are most likely (at least partly) habitdriven. This paper focuses on two aspects: First, based on an elaborate definition of media habits as mental scripts automatically activated, we argue that habits are important determinants of the frequency of media platform selection for information purposes. Second, we diffe…
A sampling model of social judgment
Studies of social judgments have demonstrated a number of diverse phenomena that were so far difficult to explain within a single theoretical framework. Prominent examples are false consensus and false uniqueness, as well as self-enhancement and self-depreciation. Here we show that these seemingly complex phenomena can be a product of an interplay between basic cognitive processes and the structure of social and task environments. We propose and …
Asking about social circles improves election predictions
Homophily and minority-group size explain perception biases in social networks
Integrating social and cognitive aspects of belief dynamics
Belief change and spread have been studied in many disciplines-- from psychology, sociology, economics and philosophy, to computer science and statistical physics-- but we still do not have a firm grasp on why some beliefs change and spread easier than others. To fully capture the complex social-cognitive system that give rise to belief dynamics, we need to integrate the findings of these disciplines into a single framework. Communication between…
The unequal impact of parenthood in academia
Parenthood causes an unequal impact to the productivity of women in academia, taking 5 years for them to catch up to men.
Strategic Identity Signaling in Heterogeneous Networks
Individuals often signal identity information to facilitate assortment with partners who are likely to share norms, values, and goals. However, individuals may also be incentivized to encrypt their identity signals to avoid detection by dissimilar receivers, particularly when such detection is costly. Using mathematical modeling, this idea has previously been formalized into a theory of covert signaling. In this paper, we provide the first empiri…
Asking about Social Circles Improves Election Predictions Even with Many Political Parties
Traditionally, election polls have asked for participants’ own voting intentions. In four elections, we previously found that we could improve predictions by asking participants how they thought their social circles would vote. A potential concern is that the social-circle question might predict results less well in elections with larger numbers of political options because it becomes harder to accurately track how social contacts plan to vote. H…
Psychology (25 obras) · Computer Science (17 obras) · Social Psychology (13 obras) · Opinion Dynamics and Social Influence (9 obras) · Social Psychology (9 obras) · Cognitive psychology (8 obras) · Political science (8 obras) · Artificial Intelligence (7 obras) · Comprehension (6 obras) · Law (6 obras)