Sonja E Siennick
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 168195 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Sonja E Siennick |
| PRENOMES | Sonja E |
| SOBRENOME | Siennick |
| ASSINATURA | SIENNICK S E |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Florida State University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-4555-0247 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 44 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 227 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 44 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2007 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 7 |
Do Experiences During Incarceration Mediate the Relationship between Incarceration Length and Labor Market Outcomes? Findings from a U.S. Sample
This study examined possible indirect associations between incarceration length and labor market outcomes. Regression, path, and causal mediation analyses of data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 tested the associations among incarceration length, post-release employment, and potential mediators (education and employment programming while incarcerated, distance from home to the correctional facility, and contact with significan…
Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and the Family Environment
This study analyzes data from the Florida Department of Juvenile Justice on 12,143 youth leaving diversion placements to explore how Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) influence recidivism. Drawing on a social learning framework, this study examines the general versus specific effects of the ACE score and items on violent, property, and drug recidivism. Multivariate multilevel regression models revealed that higher ACE scores predict violent an…
Who Succeeds? A Review of Theory and Research on the Moderators of Post-Incarceration Outcomes
In the United States, nearly all incarcerated individuals will eventually be released. This review takes stock of recent theory and research on factors that condition the effects of incarceration and lead to variation in outcomes among those reentering the community. Reentry success is a multidimensional construct that encompasses several interrelated life domains. A small set of conceptual frameworks has been used to explain why these life domai…
The use of restrictive housing with incarcerated persons with mental illness
Concerns have been raised about mental illness (MI)-linked disparities in restrictive housing (RH) placements, but research has not compared disparities across multiple types of RH. Differences by MI status in prison adjustment or repeated misconduct could create larger disparities for long-term and highly restrictive types of RH; conversely, more stringent procedures governing their use could lead to smaller disparities for those types. Using da…
Exploring Variation in the Strength of Association of a Validated Recidivism Risk Score With Seven Common Measures of Juvenile Recidivism
The purpose of this study was to compare the predictive strength of a previously validated risk score across seven different operationalizations of juvenile recidivism. Drawing on data from the Florida portion of the Measuring Juvenile Reoffending Study, the study examines two research questions. First, do recidivism risk scores significantly predict a variety of measures of juvenile recidivism? And second, do risk scores exert statistically diff…
A Within-Person Test of the Impact of Extended Solitary Confinement on Mental Health Functioning and Service Use
There is conflicting evidence on whether people, particularly those with preexisting mental health problems, have worse mental health during and after extended solitary confinement (SC) stays. Using administrative data on 843 men, we examined within-person changes in mental health functioning and service use surrounding long-term stays in SC in Florida correctional facilities. During these stays, service use increased, psychological functioning i…
Racial and ethnic differences in the availability of community medical services after leaving prison
INTRODUCTION: Incarcerated individuals experience increased health problems, presenting additional challenges as they leave prison and re-enter the community. These challenges are disproportionally experienced by racial and ethnic minorities. Despite these trends, little is known regarding the availability of medical services within the communities to which incarcerated individuals return. METHODS: We examined all prison returns in the state of F…
Consequences of Victimization on Perceived Friend Support during Adolescence
Juvenile Arrest and Later Economic Attainment
Revisiting and Unpacking the Mental Illness and Solitary Confinement Relationship
There is mixed evidence on whether incarcerated persons with mental illnesses have increased odds of being placed in solitary confinement. This study answered this question using a large system-wide sample and a propensity score matching design that accounted for a wide range of individual and facility confounds. Having a mental illness was associated with an increase of up to 170% in the odds of extended solitary confinement, depending on the di…
What Do We Really Know About the Prevalence of Restrictive Housing? Illuminating the “Dark Figure” of the Most Extreme Forms of Incarceration
A signature feature of the get-tough era in American corrections has been the proliferation of restrictive housing (RH). Although sometimes equated with solitary confinement, this housing encompasses a variety of distinct forms of incarceration. They are unified by an emphasis on restricted movement and privileges—yet vary in their design and uses. Despite that fact, little is known about the prevalence of different forms of housing. To address t…
Tracing changes in behavior across the extended solitary confinement process
Hanging Out with the Wrong Crowd? The Role of Unstructured Socializing in Adolescents’ Specialization in Delinquency and Substance Use
Extended Solitary Confinement for Managing Prison Systems
Despite concerns and debates about the policy of using extended solitary confinement for managing individuals deemed to be too violent or disruptive to be controlled any other way—for the broader goal of system order and safety—empirical assessments of disparities in placements into this form of incarceration are limited. Prior studies typically have not compared extended solitary management (ESM) populations to general prison populations or dime…
Romantic partners and young adult offending
In this study, we examined whether and to what extent the effects on offending of marriage and different types of cohabitating partnerships depend on the romantic partner's socioeconomic status (SES). Such research addresses a key gap in knowledge regarding potential heterogeneity of effects on behavior of romantic partnerships. Drawing on the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997, we examined the within‐individual effects of three romantic …
Youth with Co-occurring Delinquency and Depressive Symptoms
Together despite the odds
The U.S. incarceration rate rose dramatically over the past 45 years, increasing the number of marriages and cohabiting unions disrupted by a jail or prison stay. But as some have pointed out, not all unions dissolve as a result of incarceration, and there seems to be racial–ethnic variation in this tendency, with Blacks displaying higher rates of dissolution than Whites and Hispanics. Yet it is unclear what explains racial–ethnic differences in …
The Impact of Strain on Self-Control
The main purpose of this study is to broaden our understanding of the predictors of self-control. We test how two types of strain variables (bullying victimization and grade dissatisfaction) influence the level of self-control during adolescence using three-wave panel data collected from Korean adolescents ranging in age from 14 to 16. We estimated two-level random effects regression models using hierarchical linear model(ing; HLM) 7.0. The resul…
Adolescent Internalizing Symptoms and the “Tightknittedness” of Friendship Groups
Adolescents with depression have lower peer status overall, but tend to befriend each other. We examined the "tightknittedness" of their friendship groups by testing whether adolescent friendship groups' average levels of or variability in internalizing symptoms predict group cohesiveness. We used four waves (9th-12th grades) of survey and social network data on 3,013 friendship groups from the PROmoting School-Community-University Partnerships t…
Social Ties Cut Both Ways
Unravelling the effect of cell phone reliance on adolescent self-control
Social Exclusion and Parental Incarceration Impacts on Adolescents' Networks and School Engagement
Although prior research links parental incarceration to deleterious outcomes for children during the life course, few studies have examined whether such incarceration affects the social exclusion of children during adolescence. Drawing on several lines of scholarship, the authors examined whether adolescents with incarcerated parents have fewer or lower quality relationships, participate in more antisocial peer networks, and feel less integrated …
Drawing, and Redrawing, the Line Between Juvenile and Adult Court Jurisdiction
Early Sexual Initiation and Mental Health
The present research examined how the within-person association between sexual initiation and internalizing symptoms decays over time, using data with annual measurement occasions across adolescence (N = 1,789) and statistical models of within-person change. Sexual initiation was associated with increased levels of internalizing symptoms for early-initiating girls (ninth grade, approximately age 15), but not for on-time-initiating girls or for bo…
Sentencing in light of collateral consequences
The Code of the Street and Inmate Violence
Scholars have long argued that inmate behaviors stem in part from cultural belief systems that they “import” with them into incarcerative settings. Even so, few empirical assessments have tested this argument directly. Drawing on theoretical accounts of one such set of beliefs—the code of the street—and on importation theory, we hypothesize that individuals who adhere more strongly to the street code will be more likely, once incarcerated, to eng…
Explaining the Association Between Incarceration and Divorce
Recent studies have suggested that incarceration dramatically increases the odds of divorce, but we know little about the mechanisms that explain the association. This study uses prospective longitudinal data from a subset of married young adults in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (N = 1,919) to examine whether incarceration is associated with divorce indirectly via low marital love, economic strain, relationship violence, an…
Tough Love? Crime and Parental Assistance in Young Adulthood
Although informal social reactions to crime are key to many criminological theories, we know little about how readily offenders’ significant others reject and withdraw support from them. I explore the limits of others’ willingness to help offenders by studying parents’ financial assistance of grown offending and nonoffending offspring. I use data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health and from the 1997 cohort of the National Lo…
The Implications of Arrest for College Enrollment
This study draws on labeling theory and education research on the steps to college enrollment to examine 1) whether and for how long arrest reduces the likelihood that high‐school graduates will enroll in postsecondary education and 2) whether any observed relationships are mediated by key steps in the college enrollment process. With 17 years of data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 (NLSY97) and propensity score matching, we d…
Explaining the Educational Deficits of Delinquent Youths
Why do delinquent youths complete less education than do their conventional peers? Theory and research in criminology and in the sociology of education suggest that two aspects of youths' commitment to education, their future goals and their behavioral investments in those goals, may explain the delinquency‐education relationship, but only when considered jointly. Using panel data from the National Education Longitudinal Study, we find that educa…
Early Life Risks, Antisocial Tendencies, and Preteen Delinquency
Early age‐of‐onset delinquency and substance use confer a major risk for continued criminality, alcohol and drug abuse, and other serious difficulties throughout the life course. Our objective is to examine the developmental roots of preteen delinquency and substance use. By using nationally representative longitudinal data from the UK Millennium Cohort Study ( N = 13,221), we examine the influence of early childhood developmental and family risk…
Juvenile Court and Contemporary Diversion
Research Summary The juvenile court was established to help children through the use of punishment and rehabilitation and, in so doing, “save” them from a life of crime and disadvantage. Diversion programs and policies emerged in the 1970s as one way to achieve this goal. Despite concerns about its potential harm, diversion became increasingly popular in subsequent decades. We examine the logic of a prominent contemporary diversion effort, civil …
Social Ties Cut Both Ways
The Timing and Mechanisms of the Offending‐depression Link
Why is juvenile delinquency associated with depression in young adulthood? One possibility is that delinquency interferes with socioeco‐nomic attainment and disrupts entry into adult roles, perhaps because of official labeling processes or adolescent socialization into deviance, and these repercussions of delinquency lead to depression. Another possibility is that grown delinquents may show high levels of depression because they tend to offend in…
Social Exclusion and Parental Incarceration Impacts on Adolescents' Networks and School Engagement
Although prior research links parental incarceration to deleterious outcomes for children during the life course, few studies have examined whether such incarceration affects the social exclusion of children during adolescence. Drawing on several lines of scholarship, the authors examined whether adolescents with incarcerated parents have fewer or lower quality relationships, participate in more antisocial peer networks, and feel less integrated …
Together despite the odds
The U.S. incarceration rate rose dramatically over the past 45 years, increasing the number of marriages and cohabiting unions disrupted by a jail or prison stay. But as some have pointed out, not all unions dissolve as a result of incarceration, and there seems to be racial–ethnic variation in this tendency, with Blacks displaying higher rates of dissolution than Whites and Hispanics. Yet it is unclear what explains racial–ethnic differences in …
Early Sexual Initiation and Mental Health
The present research examined how the within-person association between sexual initiation and internalizing symptoms decays over time, using data with annual measurement occasions across adolescence (N = 1,789) and statistical models of within-person change. Sexual initiation was associated with increased levels of internalizing symptoms for early-initiating girls (ninth grade, approximately age 15), but not for on-time-initiating girls or for bo…
Parental Incarceration and Intergenerational Transfers to Young Adults
This study extended work on the consequences of incarceration for families by linking parents' incarcerations to their material support of children entering adulthood. It examined two categories of support, parental transfers of cash and shared housing, that are known deficits among young children of incarcerated parents and that play important roles in young adult attainment and well-being. Propensity score analyses of data from the National Lon…
Still the Favorite? Parents' Differential Treatment of Siblings Entering Young Adulthood
This study examined within-family stability in parents' differential treatment of siblings from adolescence to young adulthood and the effect of differential treatment in young adulthood on grown siblings' relationship quality. The author used longitudinal data on parent-child and sibling relations from the sibling sample of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (N = 1,470 sibling dyads). Within-dyad fixed effects regression models…
Bodily Signs of Academic Success
This study examined the relationship between bodily comportment (tattoos and grooming) and the likelihood of going to college among a national sample of 11,010 adolescents gathered as part of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. Results show that adolescents with tattoos and those judged as poorly groomed by Add Health interviewers were significantly less likely to go to college after graduating from high school. These effects we…
New Students’ Peer Integration and Exposure to Deviant Peers
School moves during adolescence predict lower peer integration and higher exposure to delinquent peers. Yet mobility and peer problems have several common correlates, so differences in movers' and non-movers' social adjustment may be due to selection rather than to causal effects of school moves. Drawing on survey and social network data from a sample of 7th and 8th graders, this study compared the structure and behavioral content of new students…
Hanging Out With Which Friends? Friendship‐Level Predictors of Unstructured and Unsupervised Socializing in Adolescence
Companions are central to explanations of the risky nature of unstructured and unsupervised socializing, yet we know little about whom adolescents are with when hanging out. We examine predictors of how often friendship dyads hang out via multilevel analyses of longitudinal friendship-level data on over 5,000 middle schoolers. Adolescents hang out most with their most available friends and their most generally similar friends, not with their most…
Sentencing in light of collateral consequences
Consequences of Victimization on Perceived Friend Support during Adolescence
Romantic partners and young adult offending
In this study, we examined whether and to what extent the effects on offending of marriage and different types of cohabitating partnerships depend on the romantic partner's socioeconomic status (SES). Such research addresses a key gap in knowledge regarding potential heterogeneity of effects on behavior of romantic partnerships. Drawing on the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997, we examined the within‐individual effects of three romantic …
The Impact of Strain on Self-Control
The main purpose of this study is to broaden our understanding of the predictors of self-control. We test how two types of strain variables (bullying victimization and grade dissatisfaction) influence the level of self-control during adolescence using three-wave panel data collected from Korean adolescents ranging in age from 14 to 16. We estimated two-level random effects regression models using hierarchical linear model(ing; HLM) 7.0. The resul…
Unravelling the effect of cell phone reliance on adolescent self-control
Internalizing Symptoms, Peer Substance Use, and Substance Use Initiation
This study used longitudinal survey and social network data covering sixth through ninth grades to test whether internalizing symptoms make early adolescents more prone to (1) exposure to and (2) influence by substance-using peers. Random effects regressions revealed that increases in symptoms were significantly associated with increases in the proportion of friends who used cigarettes, alcohol, and marijuana; some associations weakened across gr…
Deterrence and the Death Penalty
Racial and ethnic differences in the availability of community medical services after leaving prison
INTRODUCTION: Incarcerated individuals experience increased health problems, presenting additional challenges as they leave prison and re-enter the community. These challenges are disproportionally experienced by racial and ethnic minorities. Despite these trends, little is known regarding the availability of medical services within the communities to which incarcerated individuals return. METHODS: We examined all prison returns in the state of F…
The Timing and Mechanisms of the Offending‐depression Link
Why is juvenile delinquency associated with depression in young adulthood? One possibility is that delinquency interferes with socioeco‐nomic attainment and disrupts entry into adult roles, perhaps because of official labeling processes or adolescent socialization into deviance, and these repercussions of delinquency lead to depression. Another possibility is that grown delinquents may show high levels of depression because they tend to offend in…
Explaining the Educational Deficits of Delinquent Youths
Why do delinquent youths complete less education than do their conventional peers? Theory and research in criminology and in the sociology of education suggest that two aspects of youths' commitment to education, their future goals and their behavioral investments in those goals, may explain the delinquency‐education relationship, but only when considered jointly. Using panel data from the National Education Longitudinal Study, we find that educa…
Bodily Signs of Academic Success
This study examined the relationship between bodily comportment (tattoos and grooming) and the likelihood of going to college among a national sample of 11,010 adolescents gathered as part of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. Results show that adolescents with tattoos and those judged as poorly groomed by Add Health interviewers were significantly less likely to go to college after graduating from high school. These effects we…
Tough Love? Crime and Parental Assistance in Young Adulthood
Although informal social reactions to crime are key to many criminological theories, we know little about how readily offenders’ significant others reject and withdraw support from them. I explore the limits of others’ willingness to help offenders by studying parents’ financial assistance of grown offending and nonoffending offspring. I use data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health and from the 1997 cohort of the National Lo…
Legacies of Crime
Prison Visitation and Recidivism
Daniel P. Mears*Daniel P. Mears, Ph.D., is the Mark C. Stafford Professor of Criminology at Florida State University’s College of Criminology and Criminal Justice. He conducts basic and applied research on a range of crime and justice topics. His work has appeared in Criminology, the Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, and other crime and policy journals and in a recent book, American Criminal Justice Policy (Cambridge University Press,…
Deterrence and the Death Penalty
Hanging Out With Which Friends? Friendship‐Level Predictors of Unstructured and Unsupervised Socializing in Adolescence
Companions are central to explanations of the risky nature of unstructured and unsupervised socializing, yet we know little about whom adolescents are with when hanging out. We examine predictors of how often friendship dyads hang out via multilevel analyses of longitudinal friendship-level data on over 5,000 middle schoolers. Adolescents hang out most with their most available friends and their most generally similar friends, not with their most…
Here and Gone
Objectives: This study examines the effect of prison visitation on the probability of inmate misconduct. Method: Our sample is an admissions cohort of over 7,000 inmates admitted to Florida correctional facilities between 2000 and 2002. The authors conducted multilevel analyses of the week-to-week association between officially recorded disciplinary infractions and prison visits, including spousal, significant other, parental, relative, and frien…
The Code of the Street and Inmate Violence
Scholars have long argued that inmate behaviors stem in part from cultural belief systems that they “import” with them into incarcerative settings. Even so, few empirical assessments have tested this argument directly. Drawing on theoretical accounts of one such set of beliefs—the code of the street—and on importation theory, we hypothesize that individuals who adhere more strongly to the street code will be more likely, once incarcerated, to eng…
Still the Favorite? Parents' Differential Treatment of Siblings Entering Young Adulthood
This study examined within-family stability in parents' differential treatment of siblings from adolescence to young adulthood and the effect of differential treatment in young adulthood on grown siblings' relationship quality. The author used longitudinal data on parent-child and sibling relations from the sibling sample of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (N = 1,470 sibling dyads). Within-dyad fixed effects regression models…
Explaining the Association Between Incarceration and Divorce
Recent studies have suggested that incarceration dramatically increases the odds of divorce, but we know little about the mechanisms that explain the association. This study uses prospective longitudinal data from a subset of married young adults in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (N = 1,919) to examine whether incarceration is associated with divorce indirectly via low marital love, economic strain, relationship violence, an…
Racial, Ethnic, and Immigrant Threat
Objectives: The racial threat perspective argues that racial minorities are subjected to greater punishment in places with large or growing minority populations. However, prior research has focused largely on Black populations while devoting limited attention to potential “Latino threat” or “immigrant threat” effects. To address these gaps, this study explores the effects of racial, ethnic, and immigrant threat on sentence disposition (jail, pris…
Internalizing Symptoms, Peer Substance Use, and Substance Use Initiation
This study used longitudinal survey and social network data covering sixth through ninth grades to test whether internalizing symptoms make early adolescents more prone to (1) exposure to and (2) influence by substance-using peers. Random effects regressions revealed that increases in symptoms were significantly associated with increases in the proportion of friends who used cigarettes, alcohol, and marijuana; some associations weakened across gr…
Early Life Risks, Antisocial Tendencies, and Preteen Delinquency
Early age‐of‐onset delinquency and substance use confer a major risk for continued criminality, alcohol and drug abuse, and other serious difficulties throughout the life course. Our objective is to examine the developmental roots of preteen delinquency and substance use. By using nationally representative longitudinal data from the UK Millennium Cohort Study ( N = 13,221), we examine the influence of early childhood developmental and family risk…
Juvenile Court and Contemporary Diversion
Research Summary The juvenile court was established to help children through the use of punishment and rehabilitation and, in so doing, “save” them from a life of crime and disadvantage. Diversion programs and policies emerged in the 1970s as one way to achieve this goal. Despite concerns about its potential harm, diversion became increasingly popular in subsequent decades. We examine the logic of a prominent contemporary diversion effort, civil …
New Students’ Peer Integration and Exposure to Deviant Peers
School moves during adolescence predict lower peer integration and higher exposure to delinquent peers. Yet mobility and peer problems have several common correlates, so differences in movers' and non-movers' social adjustment may be due to selection rather than to causal effects of school moves. Drawing on survey and social network data from a sample of 7th and 8th graders, this study compared the structure and behavioral content of new students…
The Implications of Arrest for College Enrollment
This study draws on labeling theory and education research on the steps to college enrollment to examine 1) whether and for how long arrest reduces the likelihood that high‐school graduates will enroll in postsecondary education and 2) whether any observed relationships are mediated by key steps in the college enrollment process. With 17 years of data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 (NLSY97) and propensity score matching, we d…
Parental Incarceration and Intergenerational Transfers to Young Adults
This study extended work on the consequences of incarceration for families by linking parents' incarcerations to their material support of children entering adulthood. It examined two categories of support, parental transfers of cash and shared housing, that are known deficits among young children of incarcerated parents and that play important roles in young adult attainment and well-being. Propensity score analyses of data from the National Lon…
Drawing, and Redrawing, the Line Between Juvenile and Adult Court Jurisdiction
Early Sexual Initiation and Mental Health
The present research examined how the within-person association between sexual initiation and internalizing symptoms decays over time, using data with annual measurement occasions across adolescence (N = 1,789) and statistical models of within-person change. Sexual initiation was associated with increased levels of internalizing symptoms for early-initiating girls (ninth grade, approximately age 15), but not for on-time-initiating girls or for bo…
Sentencing in light of collateral consequences
Unravelling the effect of cell phone reliance on adolescent self-control
Social Exclusion and Parental Incarceration Impacts on Adolescents' Networks and School Engagement
Although prior research links parental incarceration to deleterious outcomes for children during the life course, few studies have examined whether such incarceration affects the social exclusion of children during adolescence. Drawing on several lines of scholarship, the authors examined whether adolescents with incarcerated parents have fewer or lower quality relationships, participate in more antisocial peer networks, and feel less integrated …
Adolescent Internalizing Symptoms and the “Tightknittedness” of Friendship Groups
Adolescents with depression have lower peer status overall, but tend to befriend each other. We examined the "tightknittedness" of their friendship groups by testing whether adolescent friendship groups' average levels of or variability in internalizing symptoms predict group cohesiveness. We used four waves (9th-12th grades) of survey and social network data on 3,013 friendship groups from the PROmoting School-Community-University Partnerships t…
Psychology (38 obras) · Criminal Justice and Corrections Analysis (24 obras) · Developmental psychology (24 obras) · Crime Patterns and Interventions (22 obras) · Medicine (22 obras) · Criminology (19 obras) · Political science (17 obras) · Juvenile delinquency (16 obras) · Homelessness and Social Issues (15 obras) · Sociology (13 obras)