David A Washburn
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 168704 |
|---|---|
| NOME | David A Washburn |
| PRENOMES | David A |
| SOBRENOME | Washburn |
| ASSINATURA | WASHBURN D A |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Georgia State University |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-8603-3353 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 17 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 6 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 17 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 1 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1991 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2020 |
| ÍNDICE H | 2 |
Martha Helson Wilson (1929–2020)
Memorializes Martha Helson Wilson (1929-2020), a physiological psychologist. Martha enrolled at Yale University for doctoral study in 1952, where she studied the physiological aspects of sensation with Burton Rosner. She also developed skills in electrophysiology under the direction of Karl Pribram, who became her career-long mentor, collaborator, and friend. In Pribram's Laboratory of Neurophysiology at the Institute of Living in Hartford, Conne…
Breaking the link
Research has implicated biased attention allocation toward emotional cues as a proximal mechanism in the association between trait disinhibition and physical aggression. The current study tested this putative cognitive mechanism by incentivizing a shift of attention from a provoking stimulus to a neutral stimulus during a laboratory aggression paradigm. Participants were 119 undergraduate men. They completed a questionnaire that assessed trait di…
Enhanced Cognitive Flexibility in the Seminomadic Himba
Through codified rule-use, humans can accurately solve many problems. Yet, mechanized strategies can also be costly. After adopting a solution strategy, humans often become blind to alternatives, even when those alternatives are more efficient. Termed cognitive set, this failure to switch from a familiar strategy to a better alternative has been considered universally human. Yet, our understanding of this phenomenon is derived almost exclusively …
Intelligence of Apes and Other Rational Beings
The effects of prayer on attention resource availability and attention bias
Two experiments were used to measure the effects of prayer, contemplation, or a control activity on attention resource capacity and attention bias. Results from a dual-task test in Experiment 1 indicated that allowing participants to pray about an issue in their lives improved subsequent task performance, but only for individuals who score highly on a measure of religiosity. Experiment 2 suggested that praying about a problem can bias attention i…
Intelligence of Apes and Other Rational Beings
Primate perspectives on behavior and cognition.
A Salience Theory of Learning and Behavior
A Stroop-Like Effect in Color-Naming of Color-Word Lexigrams by a Chimpanzee (Pan Troglodyte)
The Stroop effect (J. R. Stroop, 1935) reflects the difficulty in ignoring irrelevant, but automatically processed, semantic information that is inherent in certain stimuli. With humans, researchers have found this effect when they asked participants to name the color of the letters that make up a word that is incongruent with that color. The authors tested a chimpanzee that had learned to associate geometric symbols called lexigrams with specifi…
Primate perspectives on behavior and cognition
Individual Differences in Metacognitive Responsiveness
Individuals differ not only in the ability to make decisions, but also in the degree to which they respond adaptively to uncertainty about those decisions. We examined how optimally 124 participants used an uncertain response on near-threshold trials of a psychophysical task. All participants showed overconfidence, but women tended to be more adaptive than men in responsiveness to uncertainty. Participants who responded to uncertainty most optima…
Faster is smarter, so why are we slower? A comparative perspective on intelligence and processing speed
Faster is smarter, so why are we slower? A comparative perspective on intelligence and processing speed
Multicultural Education in the United States
Video-task acquisition in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) and chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)
Toward a new outlook on primate learning and behavior
Primate research of the 20th century has established the validity of Darwin's postulation of psychological as well as biological continuity between humans and other primates, notably the great apes. Its data make clear that Descartes' view of animals as unfeeling “beast‐machines” is invalid and should be discarded. Traditional behavioristic frameworks — that emphasize the concepts of stimulus, response, and reinforcement and an “empty‐organism” p…
Computer-task testing of rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) in the social milieu
Rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) complex learning skills reassessed
Breaking the link
Research has implicated biased attention allocation toward emotional cues as a proximal mechanism in the association between trait disinhibition and physical aggression. The current study tested this putative cognitive mechanism by incentivizing a shift of attention from a provoking stimulus to a neutral stimulus during a laboratory aggression paradigm. Participants were 119 undergraduate men. They completed a questionnaire that assessed trait di…
Enhanced Cognitive Flexibility in the Seminomadic Himba
Through codified rule-use, humans can accurately solve many problems. Yet, mechanized strategies can also be costly. After adopting a solution strategy, humans often become blind to alternatives, even when those alternatives are more efficient. Termed cognitive set, this failure to switch from a familiar strategy to a better alternative has been considered universally human. Yet, our understanding of this phenomenon is derived almost exclusively …
A Stroop-Like Effect in Color-Naming of Color-Word Lexigrams by a Chimpanzee (Pan Troglodyte)
The Stroop effect (J. R. Stroop, 1935) reflects the difficulty in ignoring irrelevant, but automatically processed, semantic information that is inherent in certain stimuli. With humans, researchers have found this effect when they asked participants to name the color of the letters that make up a word that is incongruent with that color. The authors tested a chimpanzee that had learned to associate geometric symbols called lexigrams with specifi…
Rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) complex learning skills reassessed
Rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) complex learning skills reassessed
Computer-task testing of rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) in the social milieu
Video-task acquisition in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) and chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)
Toward a new outlook on primate learning and behavior
Primate research of the 20th century has established the validity of Darwin's postulation of psychological as well as biological continuity between humans and other primates, notably the great apes. Its data make clear that Descartes' view of animals as unfeeling “beast‐machines” is invalid and should be discarded. Traditional behavioristic frameworks — that emphasize the concepts of stimulus, response, and reinforcement and an “empty‐organism” p…
Faster is smarter, so why are we slower? A comparative perspective on intelligence and processing speed
Faster is smarter, so why are we slower? A comparative perspective on intelligence and processing speed
Multicultural Education in the United States
Primate perspectives on behavior and cognition
Individual Differences in Metacognitive Responsiveness
Individuals differ not only in the ability to make decisions, but also in the degree to which they respond adaptively to uncertainty about those decisions. We examined how optimally 124 participants used an uncertain response on near-threshold trials of a psychophysical task. All participants showed overconfidence, but women tended to be more adaptive than men in responsiveness to uncertainty. Participants who responded to uncertainty most optima…
Primate perspectives on behavior and cognition.
A Salience Theory of Learning and Behavior
A Stroop-Like Effect in Color-Naming of Color-Word Lexigrams by a Chimpanzee (Pan Troglodyte)
The Stroop effect (J. R. Stroop, 1935) reflects the difficulty in ignoring irrelevant, but automatically processed, semantic information that is inherent in certain stimuli. With humans, researchers have found this effect when they asked participants to name the color of the letters that make up a word that is incongruent with that color. The authors tested a chimpanzee that had learned to associate geometric symbols called lexigrams with specifi…
Intelligence of Apes and Other Rational Beings
Intelligence of Apes and Other Rational Beings
The effects of prayer on attention resource availability and attention bias
Two experiments were used to measure the effects of prayer, contemplation, or a control activity on attention resource capacity and attention bias. Results from a dual-task test in Experiment 1 indicated that allowing participants to pray about an issue in their lives improved subsequent task performance, but only for individuals who score highly on a measure of religiosity. Experiment 2 suggested that praying about a problem can bias attention i…
Breaking the link
Research has implicated biased attention allocation toward emotional cues as a proximal mechanism in the association between trait disinhibition and physical aggression. The current study tested this putative cognitive mechanism by incentivizing a shift of attention from a provoking stimulus to a neutral stimulus during a laboratory aggression paradigm. Participants were 119 undergraduate men. They completed a questionnaire that assessed trait di…
Enhanced Cognitive Flexibility in the Seminomadic Himba
Through codified rule-use, humans can accurately solve many problems. Yet, mechanized strategies can also be costly. After adopting a solution strategy, humans often become blind to alternatives, even when those alternatives are more efficient. Termed cognitive set, this failure to switch from a familiar strategy to a better alternative has been considered universally human. Yet, our understanding of this phenomenon is derived almost exclusively …
Martha Helson Wilson (1929–2020)
Memorializes Martha Helson Wilson (1929-2020), a physiological psychologist. Martha enrolled at Yale University for doctoral study in 1952, where she studied the physiological aspects of sensation with Burton Rosner. She also developed skills in electrophysiology under the direction of Karl Pribram, who became her career-long mentor, collaborator, and friend. In Pribram's Laboratory of Neurophysiology at the Institute of Living in Hartford, Conne…
Psychology (16 obras) · Cognitive psychology (12 obras) · Cognition (9 obras) · Computer Science (9 obras) · Neuroscience (8 obras) · Artificial Intelligence (6 obras) · Child and Animal Learning Development (6 obras) · Cognitive science (6 obras) · Artificial Intelligence (5 obras) · Biology (5 obras)