Carol Brayne
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 1730282 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Carol Brayne |
| PRENOMES | Carol |
| SOBRENOME | Brayne |
| ASSINATURA | BRAYNE C |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of Cambridge |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-5307-663X |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 56 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 39 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 54 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 2 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1998 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 4 |
Implementation of a coach-supported mHealth intervention for dementia prevention in China
Background: Modifiable risk factors have been linked to 45% of dementia cases. Mobile health (mHealth) interventions targeting lifestyle-related risk factors with remote coaching have the potential to reach underserved high-risk populations globally. To date, little is known about the implementation of such interventions in China. Methods: Fifty semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 participants and 11 health coaches involved in the P…
Systematic review of the association between life-course socioeconomic status and late-life cognitive decline
CRD42024505975
Ageing Healthy
Promoting healthy ageing would benefit from an understanding of what this means to stakeholders. We explored healthy ageing perceptions in rural and peri-urban Ugandan communities. Community dialogues, focus group discussions with older persons, community members, community-based organization leaders, key informant interviews with Ministries of Gender (2), Health (1), non-governmental organizations (3) and elderly representatives (5) were held. T…
Global, regional, and national burden of disorders affecting the nervous system, 1990–2021
BACKGROUND: Disorders affecting the nervous system are diverse and include neurodevelopmental disorders, late-life neurodegeneration, and newly emergent conditions, such as cognitive impairment following COVID-19. Previous publications from the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factor Study estimated the burden of 15 neurological conditions in 2015 and 2016, but these analyses did not include neurodevelopmental disorders, as defined by…
Dementia prevention, intervention, and care
Exploring factors influencing willingness of older adults to use assistive technologies
Technology is widely promoted as a solution to greater independence and better health for the rapidly growing UK older population. If this is to be realised, we need to understand barriers and facilitators to uptake and investigate who wants this technology and who does not express an interest in use. This analysis is based on data from a population-based cohort study, the Cognitive Function and Ageing Study (CFAS)-II, which focused on brain heal…
The longitudinal associations between ambient air pollution exposure and dementia in the UK
In contrast to the literature, this study did not find clear associations between air pollution and dementia. Future research needs to investigate how methodological and contextual factors can affect evidence in this field and clarity the influence of air pollution exposure on cognitive health over the lifecourse
Autism and education—The role of Europeanisation in South‐Eastern Europe
South‐Eastern Europe only recently was required to adapt their domestic law to adhere to European Union legislations and standards. As such, it forms an excellent case study on how and to what extent the ‘Europeanisation’ process is interacting with the development of special education needs (SEN) policy, particularly focusing on autistic children. This scoping review mapped autism and special education policies of Bulgaria, Romania, and Croatia …
Estimation of the global prevalence of dementia in 2019 and forecasted prevalence in 2050
BACKGROUND: Given the projected trends in population ageing and population growth, the number of people with dementia is expected to increase. In addition, strong evidence has emerged supporting the importance of potentially modifiable risk factors for dementia. Characterising the distribution and magnitude of anticipated growth is crucial for public health planning and resource prioritisation. This study aimed to improve on previous forecasts of…
Conceptualising public mental health
This is the most complete conceptual framework for public mental health to date, bringing together academic research, policy and practitioner views, and lived experience perspectives. The co-production processes and tools we used provides a template for researchers looking to include multiple perspectives in their research. The conceptual framework draws together current knowledge on each determinant, but also highlights areas where further resea…
Inclusive education in the European Union
Children with special education needs (SEN), such as children with autism, benefit from being included in education along with typical peers. However, development and implementation of inclusive education (IE) is considered difficult. This paper identifies conditions that facilitate IE development for children with autism in the European Union and benchmarks to track IE policy development. Education policy data from 30 legislative regions in the …
Education and austerity in the European Union from an autism perspective
This study explores how autism and education policy are affected by austerity measures in Ireland, Portugal, Italy, and Greece by using a path dependence analysis. The implementation of mixed mainstream classrooms and improvements to infrastructure coincided with the ratification of inclusive education policy. Austerity measures appeared temporally associated with furthering of integration and inclusion policy for all countries under study, poten…
Public health research in the UK to understand and mitigate the impact of Covid-19 and Covid-19 response measures
This paper reflects concerns that funding and attention should be expanded from the important focus on those suffering and dying from COVID-19, and the safety and resources of healthcare professionals, to address wider questions on the (unequal) health and well-being impacts of COVID-19 and associated response measures. While immediate priorities such as those outlined in the WHO research agenda are undoubtedly important, additional urgent questi…
Dementia prevention, intervention, and care
Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019
BACKGROUND: In an era of shifting global agendas and expanded emphasis on non-communicable diseases and injuries along with communicable diseases, sound evidence on trends by cause at the national level is essential. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) provides a systematic scientific assessment of published, publicly available, and contributed data on incidence, prevalence, and mortality for a mutually exclusive…
Education, Special Needs, and Autism in the Baltic States
The Soviet occupation of the Baltic States followed by joining the United Nations (UN) and European Union make these countries an interesting point of comparison in the development of autism and education policy. This study investigates how policies changed following the transition and how the right and access to education are facilitated for autistic children by performing a path dependence analysis. All Baltic States created new education polic…
Dependency ratios in healthy ageing
Although people are living longer, there is no discernible pattern about the quality of life in an increasing lifespan. This restricts our capacity to predict and prepare for the consequences of population ageing. Accordingly, we propose a population ageing indicator that combines demographic and disability prevalence data through a characteristics approach and explore different scenarios to account for uncertainty in life quality projections. Ou…
Neighbourhood environment and dementia in older people from high-, middle- and low-income countries
The different relationships across cohorts may indicate a varying role for local amenities in diverse settings. Future research may investigate mechanisms related to these differences and social, cultural and historical influences on the interaction between neighbourhood amenities and older people
Global, regional, and national burden of neurological disorders, 1990–2016
BACKGROUND: Neurological disorders are increasingly recognised as major causes of death and disability worldwide. The aim of this analysis from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2016 is to provide the most comprehensive and up-to-date estimates of the global, regional, and national burden from neurological disorders. METHODS: We estimated prevalence, incidence, deaths, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs;…
Social Isolation and Cognitive Function in Later Life
Global, regional, and national burden of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, 1990–2016
BACKGROUND: The number of individuals living with dementia is increasing, negatively affecting families, communities, and health-care systems around the world. A successful response to these challenges requires an accurate understanding of the dementia disease burden. We aimed to present the first detailed analysis of the global prevalence, mortality, and overall burden of dementia as captured by the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk …
Demographic, socioeconomic, and health correlates of unmet need for mental health treatment in the United States, 2002–16
The correlates and causes of unmet need highlight the intersectionality of individual health needs with implications on addressing inequities in mental health policy and practice
Cognitive Diversity in a Healthy Aging Cohort
Objective: Studies of "healthy" cognitive aging often focus on a limited set of measures that decline with age. The current study argues that defining and supporting healthy cognition requires understanding diverse cognitive performance across the lifespan. Method: Data from the Cambridge Centre for Aging and Neuroscience (Cam-CAN) cohort was examined across a range of cognitive domains. Performance was related to lifestyle including education, s…
Global, regional, and national age-sex-specific mortality for 282 causes of death in 195 countries and territories, 1980–2017
BACKGROUND: Global development goals increasingly rely on country-specific estimates for benchmarking a nation's progress. To meet this need, the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2016 estimated global, regional, national, and, for selected locations, subnational cause-specific mortality beginning in the year 1980. Here we report an update to that study, making use of newly available data and improved methods. GBD …
Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (Dalys) for 359 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (Hale) for 195 countries and territories, 1990–2017
BACKGROUND: How long one lives, how many years of life are spent in good and poor health, and how the population's state of health and leading causes of disability change over time all have implications for policy, planning, and provision of services. We comparatively assessed the patterns and trends of healthy life expectancy (HALE), which quantifies the number of years of life expected to be lived in good health, and the complementary measure o…
Socioeconomic status and the expectation of disability in old age
OBJECTIVES: The longer life expectancy in old age of more privileged socioeconomic groups is well established, but less clear is whether the net effect of additional years of life is a lengthened, stable or reduced duration of disability. Estimates of healthy and disabled life expectancy (using definitions including dependency in activities of daily living and cognitive impairment) were made, contrasting occupational classes I and II (professiona…
Smoking, drinking, and other life style factors and cognitive function in men in the Caerphilly cohort
STUDY OBJECTIVES: To examine the cognitive function in a large, ongoing cohort study of older men, and to identify associations with social and lifestyle factors. DESIGN: A cross sectional study of cognitive function was conducted within the Caerphilly Prospective Study of Heart Disease and stroke. SETTING: The Caerphilly Study was originally set up in 1979-83 when the men were 45-59 years of age. Extensive data are available on a wide range of l…
Service provision for autism in mainland China
Land use mix and five-year mortality in later life
This study explores the potential modifying effect of age and mediation effect of co-morbidity on the association between land use mix, a measure of neighbourhood walkability, and five-year mortality among the 2424 individuals participating in the year-10 follow-up of the Cognitive Function and Ageing Study in England. Postcodes of participants were mapped onto Lower-layer Super Output Areas, a small area level geographical unit in the UK, and li…
Divorce, Current Marital Status and Well-Being in an Elderly Population
Using a British sample of 2,041 individuals aged sixty-five and over, we describe the prevalence of divorce and remarriage in the sample and investigate housing, social integration, health and well-being in relation to earlier divorce and current marital status. The sample is confined to the relatively healthy section of the population living in the community and excludes those who are moderately to severely mentally and/or physically frail. Just…
Public health research in the UK to understand and mitigate the impact of Covid-19 and Covid-19 response measures
This paper reflects concerns that funding and attention should be expanded from the important focus on those suffering and dying from COVID-19, and the safety and resources of healthcare professionals, to address wider questions on the (unequal) health and well-being impacts of COVID-19 and associated response measures. While immediate priorities such as those outlined in the WHO research agenda are undoubtedly important, additional urgent questi…
Design for independent living
The ability to perform the instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) is an important focus for the promotion of independent living in old age. If strategies to enable older people to remain in their own homes are to be developed, advances must be made in understanding the demands associated with IADLs. This paper reports on a study of how activity demands – the body postures, actions and hand functions involved in cooking, housework, launde…
Divorce, Current Marital Status and Well-Being in an Elderly Population
Using a British sample of 2,041 individuals aged sixty-five and over, we describe the prevalence of divorce and remarriage in the sample and investigate housing, social integration, health and well-being in relation to earlier divorce and current marital status. The sample is confined to the relatively healthy section of the population living in the community and excludes those who are moderately to severely mentally and/or physically frail. Just…
Smoking, drinking, and other life style factors and cognitive function in men in the Caerphilly cohort
STUDY OBJECTIVES: To examine the cognitive function in a large, ongoing cohort study of older men, and to identify associations with social and lifestyle factors. DESIGN: A cross sectional study of cognitive function was conducted within the Caerphilly Prospective Study of Heart Disease and stroke. SETTING: The Caerphilly Study was originally set up in 1979-83 when the men were 45-59 years of age. Extensive data are available on a wide range of l…
Socioeconomic status and the expectation of disability in old age
OBJECTIVES: The longer life expectancy in old age of more privileged socioeconomic groups is well established, but less clear is whether the net effect of additional years of life is a lengthened, stable or reduced duration of disability. Estimates of healthy and disabled life expectancy (using definitions including dependency in activities of daily living and cognitive impairment) were made, contrasting occupational classes I and II (professiona…
Attrition and bias in the MRC cognitive function and ageing study
Longitudinal estimation of factors mentioned above could be biased, particularly cognitive ability and estimates of movements from own home to residential homes. However, these differences could also affect other investigations, particularly the estimates of incidence and longitudinal effects of health and psychiatric diseases, where the factors shown here to be associated with attrition are risk factors for the diseases. All longitudinal studies…
Global prevalence of dementia
Regional differences in multidimensional aspects of health
Self-perceived health does not show marked variation with age or sex, but does across centre even after adjustment for impairment burden. There is considerable centre variation in self-reported functional impairment but not cognitive impairment. Only variation in self-perceived health relates to the ranking of life expectancy. These data confirm that quite considerable differences in life experience exist across regions of the UK beyond basic lif…
An investigation of whether factors associated with short-term attrition change or persist over ten years
The characteristics of refusers in the longer term are similar to those refusing to participate over the shorter term. Long-term follow-up studies will under represent the disadvantaged and disabled but represent full health status of participating individuals better. There are advantages and disadvantages to both short-term and long-term follow-up
Cohort differences in disease and disability in the young-old
This study provides evidence of rising levels of ill-health, as measured by the prevalence of self-reported chronic conditions, in the newer cohorts of the young-old. Though changes in diagnosis or reporting of disease cannot, as yet, be excluded, to better understand whether our findings reflect real increases in ill-health, investment should be made into improved population-based databases, linking self-report and objective measures of health a…
An investigation of the population impact of variation in HbA1clevels in older people in England and Wales
The findings support previous reports that bio-markers of glucose metabolism are associated with long term outcomes, such as mortality and dementia
Prolonged Grief Disorder
BACKGROUND: Bereavement is a universal experience, and its association with excess morbidity and mortality is well established. Nevertheless, grief becomes a serious health concern for a relative few. For such individuals, intense grief persists, is distressing and disabling, and may meet criteria as a distinct mental disorder. At present, grief is not recognized as a mental disorder in the DSM-IV or ICD-10. The goal of this study was to determin…
Social Relationships and Mortality Risk
Design for independent living
The ability to perform the instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) is an important focus for the promotion of independent living in old age. If strategies to enable older people to remain in their own homes are to be developed, advances must be made in understanding the demands associated with IADLs. This paper reports on a study of how activity demands – the body postures, actions and hand functions involved in cooking, housework, launde…
P2-536 Co-occurrence of anxiety and depression among older adults in low and middle-income countries
Background There is relative little information about the prevalence and risk factors of co-morbid anxiety and depression in later life. These disorders are often associated with worse response to treatment than either condition alone, and researching its epidemiology in diverse settings is vital to policy makers. We therefore investigated the co-occurrence of anxiety and depressive syndromes among older adults living in developing countries and …
O3-4.3 Education is associated with the delayed onset of terminal decline
Factors such as education have been associated with both late-life cognitive ability and cognitive decline. How education relates to decline in the final stages of life is not clear. We examined the association between education and the onset of terminal decline in a population-based longitudinal study of ageing. Participants came from the Cambridge City over 75 Cohort Study (n=2166). They were at least 75 years old at baseline (1985–1987) and re…
O3-4.2 Cognitive reserve and cognitive decline
Differences in potentially modifiable factors, such as education, occupation, and late-life social engagement have been associated with cognitive decline and dementia in late life. Whether there is a collective effect of these variables on cognition–cognitive reserve—is unclear. This talk will break reserve into its individual components and compare the importance of each factor in models of cognitive change. Data came from 13 004 participants of…
Years lived with disability (YLDs) for 1160 sequelae of 289 diseases and injuries 1990–2010
Disability-adjusted life years (Dalys) for 291 diseases and injuries in 21 regions, 1990–2010
A commentary on studies presenting projections of the future prevalence of dementia
Accurate projections of dementia incidence, at both the global and local level, are essential for healthcare planners
Service provision for autism in mainland China
Potential for primary prevention of Alzheimer's disease
Mild cognitive impairment
The construct of mild cognitive impairment ( MCI ) has evolved over the past 10 years since the publication of the new MCI definition at the K ey S ymposium in 2003, but the core criteria have remained unchanged. The construct has been extensively used worldwide, both in clinical and in research settings, to define the grey area between intact cognitive functioning and clinical dementia. A rich set of data regarding occurrence, risk factors and p…
Operational definitions of successful aging
Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life years (Dalys) for 306 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (Hale) for 188 countries, 1990–2013
Contextualizing the findings of a systematic review on patient and carer experiences of dementia diagnosis and treatment
Social activity, cognitive decline and dementia risk
We observed a complex series of relationships between social-environment variables and cognitive decline and dementia. In the whole population, factors such as increased engagement in social, physical, or intellectual pursuits were related to a decreased risk of dementia. However, in a sub-population analysis, the social-environment variables were not linked to the heterogeneous patterns of cognitive decline and dementia risk that defined the sub…
Medicine (46 obras) · Environmental health (28 obras) · Disease (25 obras) · Population (25 obras) · Gerontology (23 obras) · Dementia (21 obras) · Demography (21 obras) · Health disparities and outcomes (19 obras) · Psychiatry (19 obras) · Psychology (19 obras)