Alison Wringe
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 176019 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Alison Wringe |
| PRENOMES | Alison |
| SOBRENOME | Wringe |
| ASSINATURA | WRINGE A |
| AFILIAÇÕES | London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-6939-3461 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 48 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 9 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 48 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2009 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 1 |
A qualitative exploration of women’s choices and experiences of using oral and vaginal HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis in Eswatini
Understanding women's decision-making when offered different HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) options is critical for improving uptake. This qualitative study explored factors influencing PrEP choices among Swazi women in 2022-2023. In-depth interviews were conducted with 17 women who accepted or declined oral PrEP or the Dapivirine vaginal ring; and 6 healthcare workers who prescribed PrEP. One focus group discussion (FGD) with eight women el…
Moving towards a person-centred HIV care cascade
In 2022, in recognition of lags in data infrastructure, the World Health Organisation (WHO) recommended the use of routinely linked individual patient data to monitor HIV programmes. The WHO also recommended a move to person-centred care to better reflect the experiences of people living with HIV. The switch from aggregated service level data to person-centred data will likely introduce some biases and errors. However, little is understood about …
“It is still very little; I cannot pass it on”
Acute and early HIV infection (AEHI) is rarely diagnosed in sub-Saharan Africa, despite its potential contribution to incidence reduction. This qualitative study in Eswatini explored the experiences of health workers, people diagnosed with AEHI, and their partners towards AEHI diagnosis, to inform its scale-up. In-depth interviews were undertaken with 11 women and four men diagnosed with AEHI. Three patients' partners were interviewed about their…
Investigating clinic transfers among HIV patients considered lost to follow-up to improve understanding of the HIV care cascade
Investigating clinical transfers of HIV patients is important for accurate estimates of retention and informing interventions to support patients. We investigate transfers for adults reported as lost to follow-up (LTFU) from eight HIV care facilities in the Agincourt health and demographic surveillance system (HDSS), South Africa. Using linked clinic and HDSS records, outcomes of adults more than 90 days late for their last scheduled clinic visit…
Slipping through the cracks
Advanced HIV causes substantial mortality in sub-Saharan Africa despite widespread antiretroviral therapy coverage. This paper explores pathways of care amongst hospitalised patients with advanced HIV in rural Kenya and urban Democratic Republic of the Congo, with a view to understanding their care-seeking trajectories and poor health outcomes. Thirty in-depth interviews were conducted with hospitalised patients with advanced HIV who had previous…
Coming of age with HIV
Young perinatally-infected women living with HIV in Zambia grew up alongside antiretroviral therapy (ART) roll-out and expanding prevention programmes. We used Bonnington's temporal framework to understand how HIV impacted the experiences of these women over time. Data were drawn from two sequential studies with a cohort of young women living with HIV: a qualitative study in 2014-16 and an ethnographic study in 2017-18. Data from workshops, in-de…
Patterns of engagement in HIV care during pregnancy and breastfeeding
Almost half of all pregnant women did not have optimal ART coverage during the MTCT risk period. Programmes need to focus on improving retention, and leveraging new pregnancies to re-engage HIV-positive women on ART
PrEP reminds me that I am the one to take responsibility of my life
Unlike many prevention tools, PrEP enabled women to achieve a sense of control over their lives. Nevertheless, women's agency to continue and adhere to PrEP was influenced by social and structural factors including gender norms, family expectations of young women, relationship dynamics and stigma related to HIV. Future interventions should address these barriers to promote PrEP use among sexually-active women
Planning a family in Nairobi’s informal settlements
Childbearing intentions among women in high-fertility contexts are usually classified into those wanting to have a baby, those wanting to ‘space’ a birth and those wanting to ‘limit’ their family size. However, evidence from Africa increasingly suggests that women’s intentions are more complex than this classification suggests, and that there is fluidity in these intentions. This research explores women’s accounts of their childbearing intentions…
Misreporting of Patient Outcomes in the South African National HIV Treatment Database
Background: Monitoring progress toward global treatment targets using HIV programme data in sub-Saharan Africa has proved challenging. Constraints in routine data collection and reporting can lead to biased estimates of treatment outcomes. In 2010, South Africa introduced an electronic patient monitoring system for HIV patient visits, TIER.Net. We compare treatment status and outcomes recorded in TIER.Net to outcomes ascertained through detailed …
Challenges with tracing patients on antiretroviral therapy who are late for clinic appointments in rural South Africa and recommendations for future practice
Background: It is common practice for HIV programmes to routinely trace patients who are late for a scheduled clinic visit to ensure continued care engagement. In South Africa, patients who are late for a scheduled visit are identified from clinic registers, and called by telephone up to three times by designated clinic staff, with home visits conducted for those who are unreachable by phone. It is important to understand outcomes among late pati…
Critical Reflections on Individual Collages as a Research Method With Young Women Living With HIV in Zambia
Art-based research methods can enable young people to generate data that provide insights into their lives. We assessed the feasibility, value, and limitations of collages as a participatory research method to understand the experiences of young women living with HIV. Individual collages were created in participatory workshops, firstly in 2015 and secondly in 2017, by a cohort of young women living with HIV in Lusaka, Zambia. Collages were analyz…
Understanding the influence of health systems on women’s experiences of Option B
We explored women's experiences of Option B+ in sub-Saharan African health facility settings through a meta-ethnography of 32 qualitative studies published between 2010 and 2019. First and second-order constructs were identified from the data and authors' interpretations respectively. Using a health systems lens, third-order constructs explored how the health systems shaped women's experiences of Option B+ and their subsequent engagement in care.…
Exploring the evolution of policies for universal antiretroviral therapy and their implementation across three sub-Saharan African countries
Universal antiretroviral therapy (ART) strategies have dramatically changed HIV programming across sub-Saharan Africa. We explored factors that influenced the development, adoption and implementation of universal ART policies in Tanzania, South Africa and Malawi. We conducted 26 key informant interviews and applied Kingdon's 'streams' model to explore how problems, policies and politics converged to provide a window of opportunity for universal A…
Understanding the health systems impacts of Universal Test and Treat in sub-Saharan Africa
Sub-Saharan Africa has the highest burden of HIV globally, with 54% of the world’s people living with HIV (PLHIV) living in this region. By 2018 in East and Southern Africa there were 20.6 million
Cost variations in prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission services integrated within maternal and child health services in rural Tanzania
We estimated the costs of Option B+ for HIV-infected pregnant women in 12 facilities in Morogoro Region, Tanzania, from a provider perspective. Costs of prevention of mother-to-child (PMTCT) HIV services were measured over 12 months to September 2017 to estimate the average costs per HIV testing episode, per HIV-positive case diagnosed, per patient-year on antiretroviral therapy (ART), and per neonatal HIV care. A one-way sensitivity analysis was…
Assessing the implementation of facility-based HIV testing policies in Malawi, South Africa and Tanzania from 2013–2018
National HIV testing policies aim to increase the proportion of people living with HIV who know their status. National HIV testing policies were reviewed for each country from 2013 to 2018, and compared with WHO guidance. Three rounds of health facility surveys were conducted to assess facility level policy implementation in Karonga (Malawi), uMkhanyakude (South Africa), and Ifakara (Tanzania). A policy 'implementation' score was developed and ap…
Investigating the implementation of differentiated HIV services and implications for pregnant and postpartum women
Universal antiretroviral therapy (ART) for pregnant and postpartum women in sub-Saharan Africa has required adaptations to service delivery. We compared national policies on differentiated HIV service delivery with facility-level implementation, and explored provider and user experiences in rural Malawi, Tanzania and South Africa. Four national policies and two World Health Organization guidelines on HIV treatment for pregnant and postpartum wome…
If the results are negative, they motivate us’. Experiences of early infant diagnosis of HIV and engagement in Option B
Few studies have explored the relationship between early infant diagnosis (EID) of HIV and mothers' engagement in care under Option B+. We conducted in-depth interviews with 20 women who initiated antiretroviral therapy (ART) under Option B+ in rural South Africa to explore the interactions between EID and maternal care engagement. Drawing on practice theory, we identified themes relating to Option B+ care engagement and EID. Women's practice of …
Implications of HIV treatment policies on the health workforce in rural Malawi and Tanzania between 2013 and 2017
Effective implementation of policies for expanding antiretroviral therapy (ART) requires a well-trained and adequately staffed workforce. Changes in national HIV workforce policies, health facility practices, and provider experiences were examined in rural Malawi and Tanzania between 2013 and 2017. In both countries, task-shifting and task-sharing policies were explicit by 2013. In facilities, the cadre mix of providers varied by site and changed…
Implementation and experiences of integrated prevention of mother-to-child transmission services in Tanzania, Malawi and South Africa
Although integration of HIV and maternal health services is recommended by the World Health Organization, evidence to guide implementation is limited. We describe facility-level implementation of policies for integrating HIV care within maternal health services and explore experiences of service users and providers in rural Tanzania (Ifakara), South Africa (uMkhanyakude) and Malawi (Karonga). Policy in all countries included HIV testing during an…
Consequences of male partner engagement policies on HIV care-seeking in three African countries
We explored how strategies to promote male partner engagement influenced HIV care-seeking among men and women living with HIV. In-depth interviews were conducted with 25 health workers, 66 female service users and 10 male partners in Ifakara (Tanzania), Karonga (Malawi) and uMkhanyakude (South Africa) to elicit experiences of offering, providing or receiving HIV care in the context of antenatal care. Data were coded inductively and analysed thema…
Influence of evolving HIV treatment guidance on CD4 counts and viral load monitoring
Little is known about how CD4 and viral load testing have evolved following implementation of universal test and treat (UTT) in African settings. We reviewed World Health Organization (WHO) guidance from 2013 to 2018, and compared it against national HIV policies in Malawi, Tanzania and South Africa. Three surveys rounds were conducted in 2013, 2016 and 2017-2018 in 33 health facilities across the three settings to assess implementation of nation…
Secrets and Silence
Drawing on a 12-month ethnography with young women living with HIV in Zambia, we explore their everyday strategies to avoid unintentional disclosure of their HIV status. Young women practiced secrecy with sexual partners, through hiding their antiretroviral therapy and using veiled language around HIV. Whilst remaining silent about their HIV status enabled them to maintain identities beyond HIV, this secrecy triggered feelings of guilt and anxiet…
Parental obligations, care and HIV treatment
This article examines how parental obligations of care intersect with HIV treatment-seeking behaviours and retention. It draws on qualitative data from eastern Zimbabwe, produced from 65 interviews. Drawing on theories of practice and care ethics, our analysis revealed that norms of parental obligation and care acted as key motivators for ongoing engagement with HIV services and treatment. Parents' attentiveness to the future needs of their child…
Secrets and Silence
Drawing on a 12-month ethnography with young women living with HIV in Zambia, we explore their everyday strategies to avoid unintentional disclosure of their HIV status. Young women practiced secrecy with sexual partners, through hiding their antiretroviral therapy and using veiled language around HIV. Whilst remaining silent about their HIV status enabled them to maintain identities beyond HIV, this secrecy triggered feelings of guilt and anxiet…
Parental obligations, care and HIV treatment
This article examines how parental obligations of care intersect with HIV treatment-seeking behaviours and retention. It draws on qualitative data from eastern Zimbabwe, produced from 65 interviews. Drawing on theories of practice and care ethics, our analysis revealed that norms of parental obligation and care acted as key motivators for ongoing engagement with HIV services and treatment. Parents' attentiveness to the future needs of their child…
Dissonance of Choice
Treat-all recommends prompt treatment initiation for those diagnosed HIV positive, requiring adaptations to individuals' behavior and practice. Drawing on data from a longitudinal qualitative study in Eswatini, we examine the choice to initiate treatment when asymptomatic, the dissonance between the biomedical logic surrounding Treat-all and individuals' conceptions of treatment necessity, and the navigation over time of ongoing engagement with c…
Scaling up stigma? The effects of antiretroviral roll-out on stigma and HIV testing. Early evidence from rural Tanzania
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the interplay between antiretroviral therapy (ART) scale-up, different types of stigma and Voluntary Counselling and Testing (VCT) uptake 2 years after the introduction of free ART in a rural ward of Tanzania. METHODS: Qualitative study using in-depth interviews and group activities with a purposive sample of 91 community leaders, 77 ART clients and 16 health providers. Data were analysed for recurrent themes using NVIVO…
"Just like fever"
BACKGROUND: Once effective therapy for a previously untreatable condition is made available, a normalisation of the disease often occurs. As part of a broader initiative to monitor the implementation of the national antiretroviral therapy (ART) programme, this qualitative study investigated the impact of ART availability on perceptions of HIV in a rural ward of North Tanzania and its implications for prevention. METHODS: A mix of qualitative meth…
Doubts, denial and divine intervention
Irregular or delayed attendance at HIV treatment clinics among HIV-positive individuals can have negative implications for clinical outcomes and may ultimately undermine the effectiveness of national treatment programmes. This study explores factors influencing attendance at HIV clinic appointments among patients in a rural ward in north-west Tanzania. Forty-two in-depth interviews (IDI) and four focus group discussions were conducted with HIV-in…
Delivering comprehensive home-based care programmes for HIV
Home-based care (HBC) programmes in low- and middle-income countries have evolved over the course of the past two decades in response to the HIV epidemic and wider availability of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Evidence is emerging from small-scale and well-resourced studies that ART delivery can be effectively incorporated within HBC programmes. However, before this approach can be expanded, it is necessary to consider the lessons learned from im…
Evaluation of knowledge levels amongst village Aids committees after undergoing HIV educational sessions
BACKGROUND: Village AIDS committees (VAC) were formed by the Tanzanian government in 2003 to provide HIV education to their communities. However, their potential has not been realised due to their limited knowledge and misconceptions surrounding HIV, which could be addressed through training of VAC members. In an attempt to increase HIV knowledge levels and address common misconceptions amongst the VACs, an HIV curriculum was delivered to members…
Barriers and facilitating factors to the uptake of antiretroviral drugs for prevention of mother‐to‐child transmission of HIV in sub‐Saharan Africa
Do accurate HIV and antiretroviral therapy knowledge, and previous testing experiences increase the uptake of HIV voluntary counselling and testing? Results from a cohort study in rural Tanzania
Two years after the introduction of free ART in this setting, misconceptions regarding HIV transmission remain rife and knowledge regarding treatment is worryingly poor, especially among women and HIV-positive people. Further HIV-related information, education and communication activities are urgently needed to improve VCT uptake in rural Tanzania
Retracted
INTRODUCTION: Spectrum epidemiological models are used by UNAIDS to provide global, regional and national HIV estimates and projections, which are then used for evidence-based health planning for HIV services. However, there are no validations of the Spectrum model against empirical serological and mortality data from populations in sub-Saharan Africa. METHODS: Serologic, demographic and verbal autopsy data have been regularly collected among ove…
Using HIV-attributable mortality to assess the impact of antiretroviral therapy on adult mortality in rural Tanzania
BACKGROUND: The Tanzanian national HIV care and treatment programme has provided free antiretroviral therapy (ART) to HIV-positive persons since 2004. ART has been available to participants of the Kisesa open cohort study since 2005, but data to 2007 showed a slow uptake of ART and a modest impact on mortality. Additional data from the 2010 HIV serological survey provide an opportunity to update the estimated impact of ART in this setting. METHOD…
Challenges with routine data sources for PMTCT programme monitoring in East Africa
Routinely collected clinic data have the potential to provide much needed information on the uptake of services to prevent mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV, and to measure HIV prevalence in pregnant women. This article describes the methodological challenges associated with using such data, based on the experiences of researchers and programme implementers in Tanzania and drawing from other examples from East Africa. PMTCT data are rou…
HIV policy and implementation
Malawi is a global leader in the design and implementation of progressive HIV policies. However, there continues to be substantial attrition of people living with HIV across the "cascade" of HIV services from diagnosis to treatment, and program outcomes could improve further. Ability to successfully implement national HIV policy, especially in rural areas, may have an impact on consistency of service uptake. We reviewed Malawian policies and guid…
It is just the way it was in the past before I went to test’
Within the broader social context of a rural African setting, HIV prevention counselling based on a Western model of individual-level agency seems unlikely to make a significant contribution to sexual behaviour change until there is greater recognition by counsellors of the ways in which power dynamics within many relationships influence behaviour change. More culturally relevant counselling strategies and messages and infrastructural improvement…
Identifying gaps in HIV policy and practice along the HIV care continuum
The last decade has seen rapid evolution in guidance from the WHO concerning the provision of HIV services along the diagnosis-to-treatment continuum, but the extent to which these recommendations are adopted as national policies in Kenya, and subsequently implemented in health facilities, is not well understood. Identifying gaps in policy coverage and implementation is important for highlighting areas for improving service delivery, leading to b…
A qualitative study of the determinants of HIV guidelines implementation in two south-eastern districts of Tanzania
Current HIV policies in Tanzania have adopted the three long-term impact results of zero new infections, zero HIV deaths and zero stigma and discrimination. Strategies to reach these results include scaling-up HIV Testing and Counselling (HTC); Preventing Mother-To-Child Transmission (PMTCT); and strengthening Care and Treatment Clinic (CTC) services. Previous studies showed that HIV policy and guideline recommendations were not always implemente…
Non-disclosure of HIV testing history in population-based surveys
Background: HIV/AIDS programmes and organisations around the world use routinely updated estimates of the UNAIDS 90-90-90 targets to track progress and prioritise further programme implementation. Any bias in these estimates has the potential to mislead organisations on where gaps exist in HIV testing and treatment programmes. Objective: To measure the extent of undisclosed HIV testing history and its impact on estimating the proportion of people…
“The needs have clearly evolved as time has gone on.”
This study provides stakeholders' perspectives on changes in refugee health needs over the course of the humanitarian response in Greece. With protracted encampment resulting from migration policy, addressing mental health disorders and gender-based violence should be prioritized, including psychosocial training for healthcare providers and strengthening referral mechanisms for specialized care. The findings also emphasize the importance of provi…
“He was no longer listening to me”
In the era of widespread antiretroviral therapy, few studies have explored the perspectives of the relatives involved in caring for people living with HIV (PLHIV) during periods of ill-health leading up to their demise. In this analysis, we explore the process of care for PLHIV as their death approached, from their relatives' perspective. We apply Tronto's care ethics framework that distinguishes between care-receiving among PLHIV on the one hand…
Navigating ‘ethics in practice’
While 'procedural ethics' provides essential frameworks for governing global health research, reflecting on 'ethics in practice' offers important insights into addressing ethically important moments that arise in everyday research. Particularly for ethnographic research, renowned for it's fluid and spontaneous nature, engaging with 'ethics in practice' has the potential to enhance research practice within global health. We provide a case study fo…
I saw it as a second chance’
Increasing numbers of people living with HIV (PLHIV) in sub-Saharan Africa are experiencing failure of first-line antiretroviral therapy and transitioning onto second-line regimens. However, there is a dearth of research on their treatment experiences. We conducted in-depth interviews with 43 PLHIV on second- or third-line antiretroviral therapy and 15 HIV health workers in Kenya, Malawi and Mozambique to explore patients' and health workers' per…
The rebellious man
The HIV response is hampered by many obstacles to progression along the HIV care cascade, with men, in particular, experiencing different forms of disruption. One group of men, whose stories remain untold, are those who have succumbed to HIV-related illness. In this paper, we explore how next-of-kin account for the death of a male relative. We conducted 26 qualitative after-death interviews with family members of male PLHIV who had recently died …
I don’t want them to know”
Treat-all" programmes aim to improve clinical outcomes and to reduce HIV transmission through regular HIV testing and immediate offer of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for those diagnosed HIV-positive, irrespective of immunological status and symptoms of disease. Global narratives on the benefits of Treat-all anticipate reduced HIV-related stigma and increased "normalisation" of HIV with Treat-all implementation, whereby HIV is remoulded as a manag…
Feasibility and acceptability of mobile phone platforms to deliver interventions to address gender-based violence among Syrian adolescent girls and young women in Izmir, Turkey
Addressing gender-based violence risks among displaced adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) is challenging. Delivering interventions through mobile phone platforms could help overcome challenges and tailor services, but formative research to inform their development is lacking. We explored the feasibility and acceptability of mobile phone platforms to deliver interventions such as targeted public safety and information alerts to address gender…
Planning a family in Nairobi’s informal settlements
Childbearing intentions among women in high-fertility contexts are usually classified into those wanting to have a baby, those wanting to ‘space’ a birth and those wanting to ‘limit’ their family size. However, evidence from Africa increasingly suggests that women’s intentions are more complex than this classification suggests, and that there is fluidity in these intentions. This research explores women’s accounts of their childbearing intentions…
Misreporting of Patient Outcomes in the South African National HIV Treatment Database
Background: Monitoring progress toward global treatment targets using HIV programme data in sub-Saharan Africa has proved challenging. Constraints in routine data collection and reporting can lead to biased estimates of treatment outcomes. In 2010, South Africa introduced an electronic patient monitoring system for HIV patient visits, TIER.Net. We compare treatment status and outcomes recorded in TIER.Net to outcomes ascertained through detailed …
Challenges with tracing patients on antiretroviral therapy who are late for clinic appointments in rural South Africa and recommendations for future practice
Background: It is common practice for HIV programmes to routinely trace patients who are late for a scheduled clinic visit to ensure continued care engagement. In South Africa, patients who are late for a scheduled visit are identified from clinic registers, and called by telephone up to three times by designated clinic staff, with home visits conducted for those who are unreachable by phone. It is important to understand outcomes among late pati…
Medicine (43 obras) · HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions (41 obras) · Family medicine (30 obras) · Nursing (25 obras) · Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health (24 obras) · Sociology (19 obras) · Environmental health (18 obras) · Qualitative research (18 obras) · Tanzania (18 obras) · HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk (17 obras)