Ricky N Bluthenthal
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 190673 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Ricky N Bluthenthal |
| PRENOMES | Ricky N |
| SOBRENOME | Bluthenthal |
| ASSINATURA | BLUTHENTHAL R N |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of Southern California |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-3491-1702 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 107 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 196 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 107 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1997 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 8 |
Expanding power and opportunity in public health education
Introduction There is growing student demand in graduate public health education for addressing racism as a determinant of health and educational opportunity. Antiracist pedagogy provides a framework for understanding power and opportunity in public health education and strengthening leadership capacity among faculty and staff. Methods We created a 15-week fellowship program for public health faculty and staff to learn about antiracist frameworks…
“I would protest if they ever stopped coming out here”
Street medicine promotes ontological security for unhoused patients • Ontological security fosters healthcare routine and adherence for unhoused patients • Street medicine’s relational model helps reduce structural violence in mainstream care
HIV-Stigmatizing Beliefs and Attitudes as a Barrier to Early PrEP Care Continuum Engagement Among People Who Inject Drugs
HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a highly effective prevention strategy, yet awareness, knowledge, and willingness to use it among people who inject drugs (PWID) remains inadequate despite widespread eligibility. Stigma, particularly HIV-stigmatizing beliefs and attitudes, may be a key barrier to engagement at early stages of the PrEP care continuum. We examine how HIV-stigmatizing beliefs and attitudes affect PrEP awareness, knowledge, and…
Passport to Wellness Intervention
We designed Passport to Wellness (PtW) to promote HIV/STI testing and prevention while addressing social determinants of health among Black sexual minority men (SMM). Over the course of a pilot study and small randomized controlled trial of PtW, we recruited and trained 10 Black SMM who implemented the intervention's Peer Mentor component. We describe here the Mentors training and supervision, and how they articulated their strategies for partici…
Healthcare disparities and stress-driven substance use
Housing and displacement as risk factors for negative health outcomes among people who inject drugs in Los Angeles, CA, and Denver, CO, USA
The United States is currently experiencing a housing and homelessness crisis. In response, many cities have adopted policies of displacement that move unhoused people from place to place. Recent research indicates that these policies may have negative health impacts on unhoused people who use drugs. We sought to examine health risks associated with forced displacement among unhoused people who inject drugs (PWID). We interviewed a community-recr…
Development and Validation of a Provider-Specific Anticipated Stigma Scale for People Who Inject Drugs
Stigma in healthcare settings is a critical barrier to HIV prevention and treatment among people who inject drugs (PWID). While previous tools have measured anticipated stigma, few account for the intersectional and provider-specific experiences of PWID-particularly from syringe service programs (SSPs). We developed and validated the Substance Use Anticipated Provider Stigma Scale (SU-APSS), a multidimensional instrument assessing anticipated sti…
Breaking barriers
The opioid epidemic continues to claim lives at alarming rates, disproportionately affecting marginalized communities, with structural barriers preventing equitable access to lifesaving interventions such as naloxone. Harm reduction vending machines (HRVMs) offer a promising solution to this issue, providing low-barrier access to naloxone and other harm reduction supplies. This study examines the impact of different HRVM access models on product …
Understanding the Impact of Structural Racism and Violence Across the Lifespan on Overdose Vulnerability Among Black San Franciscans Experiencing Homelessness
Overdose in California is highly racialized, with Black Californians experiencing excessive mortality. People experiencing homelessness (PEH) report high rates of fentanyl-stimulant co-use and drug-related harm. There is limited research examining structural racism and intersectional violence of policing, homelessness, and overdose throughout the lifespan of Black people. POLY HOME is a qualitative study among PEH who fentanyl and stimulants in S…
Transforming academic public health mentorship
Persistent systemic inequities disproportionately impact BIPOC, first-generation, and international students in graduate public health education. Despite institutional diversity, equity, and inclusion commitments, these students frequently encounter structural barriers such as limited mentorship, inadequate faculty representation, marginalization, and restricted access to academic resources. The Mentoring of Students and Igniting Community (MOSAI…
“It’s Not Just One Decision, It’s a Whole Lifestyle Change”
Background: Understanding socio-cultural factors associated with motivation to seek treatment is critical to addressing persistent mortality related to injection and opioid drug use. Objective: Using mixed methods, we examined factors associated with readiness to change substance use among structurally vulnerable people who inject drugs (PWID), recruited from Los Angeles and Denver (n = 472) between 2021 and 2022. Results: Readiness was categoriz…
Psychiatric Medication Treatment, Concurrent Substance Use, and Subsistence Difficulty Among People Who Inject Drugs with Diagnosed Mental Health Disorders in Los Angeles and Denver
BACKGROUND: Limited literature exists on how concurrent substance use and difficulty meeting basic needs impact recent psychiatric treatment among people who inject drugs (PWID) with diagnosed mental health disorders in the U.S. This study assessed the prevalence of taking current psychiatric medication treatment, and its association with concurrent substance use and subsistence difficulty. METHOD: Baseline data from a prospective cohort study in…
Material hardship, forced displacement, and negative health outcomes among unhoused people who use drugs in Los Angeles, California and Denver, Colorado
This LCA indicates that among PWUD experiencing homelessness there exist distinct differences in resource access and material hardship, and that these differences are linked with political, social, substance use, and other health outcomes. We add to the literature on the relationship between poverty and health among PWUD. Policies which increase difficulty accessing necessary material resources may negatively impact health in this population
Heroin injection to fentanyl smoking
Methodological Lessons Learned From a Longitudinal Study of Overdose Vulnerability Among People Experiencing Homelessness Who Co-use Fentanyl and Stimulants in San Francisco, CA, USA
The U.S. overdose crisis is now driven by polysubstance use involving fentanyl and stimulants. We received funding through the National Institutes on Drug Abuse’s Helping to End Addiction Long-Term (HEAL) initiative to conduct longitudinal qualitative research on polysubstance use among people experiencing homelessness (PEH) in San Francisco, California. An Intersectional Risk Environment Framework was used to examine the interaction between soci…
Characterizing Opioid Withdrawal Experiences and Consequences Among a Community Sample of People Who Use Opioids
BACKGROUND: Opioid withdrawal symptoms are a highly salient and consequential health condition experienced by people who use opioids (PWUO). This study utilized qualitative interviews to explore opioid withdrawal experiences and consequences among PWUO in Los Angeles County, USA. METHODS: Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with 22 PWUO (aged 27-63 years) between May 2021 and May 2022. Participants self-reported opioid and injec…
Opioid use, prescribing and fatal overdose patterns among racial/ethnic minorities in the United States
Financial barriers, facilitators, and strategies among syringe services programs in the U.S., and their impact on implementation and health outcomes
Syringe Services Programs (SSPs) provide evidence-based services like drug use equipment to prevent infectious disease, overdose prevention education, and naloxone distribution to people who use drugs (PWUD). However, inadequate funding threatens provision of these interventions. This study aimed to document how the current funding landscape impacted determinants of SSP implementation, particularly describing financial and staffing barriers, faci…
How Should Harm Reduction Be Included in Care Continua for Patients With Opioid Use Disorder
Practices and interventions that aim to slow progression or reduce negative consequences of substance use are harm reduction strategies. Often described as a form of tertiary prevention, harm reduction is key to caring well for people who use drugs. Evidence-based harm reduction interventions include naloxone and syringe service programs. Improving equitable outcomes for those with opioid use disorder (OUD) requires access to the continuum of evi…
Updates on syringe coverage and service uptake among needle and syringe programs in the United States, 2019–2020
Both governmental investment in harm reduction programming and needs-based distribution of syringes increased service uptake and thus should be expanded and sustained to reduce harms associated with injection drug use
Sleep Health among Community-Recruited Opioid-Using People Who Inject Drugs in Los Angeles, CA and Denver, CO
Chronic insufficient and poor-quality sleep are linked to hypertension, diabetes, depression, heart attack, and stroke. While studies on substance use and sleep typically focus on people in or entering treatment, there is a lack of research on sleep health among community-recruited people who inject drugs (PWID). To address this literature gap, we examined factors associated with insufficient and poor-quality sleep among community-recruited PWID.…
Characterizing prescription opioid, heroin, and fentanyl initiation trajectories
A National Portrait of Public Attitudes toward Opioid Use in the US
Public health policies are most effective in addressing OUD. We suggest targeting interventions toward the "High Stigma/Mixed Public Health and Punitive Policy" group since this group already displays some support for public health policies. Broader interventions, such as eliminating stigmatizing messaging in the media and redacting punitive policies, could reduce OUD stigma among all groups
New evidence’ for Syringe Services Programs? A call for rigor and skepticism
Abolition and harm reduction in the struggle for “Care, Not Cages”
Care that is organized around the principles of harm reduction and the movement for police and prison abolition has the potential to uproot and transform structural causes of harm and violence, in the interconnected crises of drug-related harm, policing, and punishment. The United States' crisis of overdose and drug-related harm and its system of policing and punishment are historically and empirically linked phenomena. The abandonment of people …
Measuring the Food Environment
Attitudes and beliefs related to HIV/Aids in urban religious congregations
Impact of law enforcement on syringe exchange programs
Drug paraphernalia and prescription laws make syringe exchange programs (SEPs) illegal in most states in the U.S. Nonetheless, SEPs have been started in 25 states and the District of Columbia as of September 1995. In some states like California and New Jersey, SEPs have operated despite police arrest of volunteers and clients. We examine the impact of police action and threat on SEPs by comparing an underground syringe exchange site (SES) in West…
HIV seroprevalence among street-recruited injection drug and crack cocaine users in 16 US municipalities
OBJECTIVES: This study deter- mined human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seroprevalence and factors associated with HIV infection among street-recruited injection drug users and crack cocaine smokers. METHODS: An analysis was performed on HIV serologies and risk behaviors of 6402 injection drug users and 3383 crack smokers in 16 US municipalities in 1992 and 1993. RESULTS: HIV seroprevalence was 12.7% among injection drug users and 7.5% among crack…
The Privatization of Public Safety in Urban Neighborhoods
The business improvement district (BID) is a popular economic development and urban revitalization model in which local property and business owners must pay an assessment tax that funds supplementary services, including private security. BIDs constitute a controversial form of urban revitalization to some because they privatize economic development and public safety efforts in public space. This study examines whether BIDs provide tangible benef…
Alcohol outlets, gonorrhea, and the Los Angeles civil unrest
A multilevel decomposition approach to estimate the role of program location and neighborhood disadvantage in racial disparities in alcohol treatment completion
Social capital and the neighborhood alcohol environment
The Impact of Legalizing Syringe Exchange Programs on Arrests Among Injection Drug Users in California
Learning about Urban Congregations and HIV/Aids
Alcohol Availability and Neighborhood Characteristics in Los Angeles, California and Southern Louisiana
Community Characteristics Associated with HIV Risk among Injection Drug Users in the San Francisco Bay Area
Reliability of a Store Observation Tool in Measuring Availability of Alcohol and Selected Foods
Seeking refuge in the present moment
Racial/ethnic and sexual minorities may experience excess stress from social prejudice and structural disadvantage, which is associated with family relationship problems and poorer psychosocial health. There is increasing evidence that certain positive psychological processes can attenuate these negative outcomes at the individual and interpersonal levels; however, the mechanisms of these effects remain poorly understood. Based on previous resear…
Correlates of Sexual Coercion among People Who Inject Drugs (PWID) in Los Angeles and San Francisco, CA
Three Years after Legalization of Nonprescription Pharmacy Syringe Sales in California
In January 2005, passage of California Senate Bill 1159 enabled California's county or city governments to establish disease prevention demonstration projects (DPDPs) through which pharmacies could subsequently register to legally sell up to 10 syringes to adults without a prescription. California's 61 local health jurisdictions (LHJs) were surveyed annually in 2005-2007 to monitor the progress of DPDP implementation and assess program coverage, …
Pharmacy Participation in Non-Prescription Syringe Sales in Los Angeles and San Francisco Counties, 2007
Increasing sterile syringe access for injection drug users (IDUs) is one way to prevent HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission in this population. In 2005, California Senate Bill 1159 allowed counties to adopt the Disease Prevention Demonstration Project (DPDP). Where enacted, the DPDP allows pharmacies that register with the county to sell up to ten syringes to adults without a prescription. In the current study, we describe pharmacy parti…
The Effect of Urban Street Gang Densities on Small Area Homicide Incidence in a Large Metropolitan County, 1994–2002
The presence of street gangs has been hypothesized as influencing overall levels of violence in urban communities through a process of gun-drug diffusion and cross-type homicide. This effect is said to act independently of other known correlates of violence, i.e., neighborhood poverty. To test this hypothesis, we independently assessed the impact of population exposure to local street gang densities on 8-year homicide rates in small areas of Los …
Price elasticity of demand for malt liquor beer
Predictors and Prevention of Nonfatal Overdose Among Street-Recruited Injection Heroin Users in the San Francisco Bay Area, 1998–1999
Objectives. This study sought to determine prevalence of and risk factors for nonfatal recent overdose among street-recruited injection heroin users. Methods. From August 1998 through July 1999, 1427 heroin injectors were recruited from 6 inner-city neighborhoods in the San Francisco Bay Area, Calif, and interviewed. Factors hypothesized to be associated with recent overdose were analyzed with logistic regression. Results. Of the 1427 participant…
Notice of major cleaning”
Principles and Metrics for Evaluating Oregon’s Innovative Drug Decriminalization Measure
Correlates of Transactional Sex and Violent Victimization among Men Who Inject Drugs in Los Angeles and San Francisco, California
Exploring and Adapting a Conceptual Model of Sexual Positioning Practices and Sexual Risk Among HIV-Negative Black Men Who Have Sex With Men
Estimates show a 50% lifetime human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk among Black men who have sex with men (BMSM) in the United States(U.S.). Studying the dynamics of sexual positioning practices among BMSM could provide insights into the disparities observed among U.S. groups of men who have sex with men (MSM). This study explored sexual positioning dynamics among HIV-negative BMSM and how they aligned with a theoretical model of sexual positio…
Bringing Lived Experience to Research on Health and Homelessness
Impact of law enforcement on syringe exchange programs
Drug paraphernalia and prescription laws make syringe exchange programs (SEPs) illegal in most states in the U.S. Nonetheless, SEPs have been started in 25 states and the District of Columbia as of September 1995. In some states like California and New Jersey, SEPs have operated despite police arrest of volunteers and clients. We examine the impact of police action and threat on SEPs by comparing an underground syringe exchange site (SES) in West…
HIV seroprevalence among street-recruited injection drug and crack cocaine users in 16 US municipalities
OBJECTIVES: This study deter- mined human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seroprevalence and factors associated with HIV infection among street-recruited injection drug users and crack cocaine smokers. METHODS: An analysis was performed on HIV serologies and risk behaviors of 6402 injection drug users and 3383 crack smokers in 16 US municipalities in 1992 and 1993. RESULTS: HIV seroprevalence was 12.7% among injection drug users and 7.5% among crack…
Collateral damage in the war on drugs
Sexual transmission of HIV-1 among injection drug users in San Francisco, USA
Predictors and Prevention of Nonfatal Overdose Among Street-Recruited Injection Heroin Users in the San Francisco Bay Area, 1998–1999
Objectives. This study sought to determine prevalence of and risk factors for nonfatal recent overdose among street-recruited injection heroin users. Methods. From August 1998 through July 1999, 1427 heroin injectors were recruited from 6 inner-city neighborhoods in the San Francisco Bay Area, Calif, and interviewed. Factors hypothesized to be associated with recent overdose were analyzed with logistic regression. Results. Of the 1427 participant…
What is it about needle and syringe programmes that make them effective for preventing HIV transmission
Delivering syringe exchange services through “satellite exchangers”
Condom Attitudes and Behaviors Among Injection Drug Users Participating in California Syringe Exchange Programs
Psychosocial and Behavioral Differences Among Drug Injectors who Use and do not Use Syringe Exchange Programs
Police crackdowns, societal cost, and the need for alternative approaches
Perspectives on Therapeutic Treamnent from Adolescent Probationers
Little is known about youths' experiences in residential adolescent treatment programs. To better understand the experiences of youth in such programs, the authors conducted a longitudinal qualitative study of 10 juvenile probationers in an adolescent therapeutic community (TC) treatment setting. Seven boys and three girls were recruited into the study upon their entry into the TC. Ages ranged from 14 to 17 years old; six youths were Hispanic, th…
Increasing HIV Testing Among Latinos by Bundling HIV Testing with Other Tests
Hospital Utilization for Injection Drug Use-Related Soft Tissue Infections in Urban versus Rural Counties in California
Alcohol outlets, gonorrhea, and the Los Angeles civil unrest
Price elasticity of demand for malt liquor beer
Coverage of HIV prevention programmes for injection drug users
The Impact of Legalizing Syringe Exchange Programs on Arrests Among Injection Drug Users in California
Community Characteristics Associated with HIV Risk among Injection Drug Users in the San Francisco Bay Area
Reliability of a Store Observation Tool in Measuring Availability of Alcohol and Selected Foods
A multilevel decomposition approach to estimate the role of program location and neighborhood disadvantage in racial disparities in alcohol treatment completion
Improving coverage and scale-up of HIV prevention, treatment and care for injecting drug users
Social capital and the neighborhood alcohol environment
Alcohol Availability and Neighborhood Characteristics in Los Angeles, California and Southern Louisiana
Approval of Syringe Exchange Programs in California
Objectives. We studied the effect of local approval of syringe exchange programs in California (through Assembly AB136) on program availability and performance. Methods. We determined the number of active syringe exchange programs in California by conducting Internet searches and obtaining information from the state and from local programs. To track changes in program availability and performance between 2000 and 2002, we interviewed 24 program d…
HIV Risks and Seroprevalence Among Mexican American Injection Drug Users in California
Latinos in the United States are an ethnically diverse group disproportionately affected by HIV/AIDS. We describe HIV seroprevalence, HIV risk behaviors and utilization of health services among Mexican American injection drug users (IDUs) in California (n = 286) and compare them to White (n = 830) and African American (n = 314) IDUs. Study participants were recruited from syringe exchange programs (n = 24) in California. HIV seroprevalence among …
Medicine (88 obras) · HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk (68 obras) · Psychology (50 obras) · Psychiatry (46 obras) · Environmental health (44 obras) · Opioid Use Disorder Treatment (42 obras) · Public health (40 obras) · Demography (33 obras) · Nursing (32 obras) · HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions (30 obras)