Jean Drèze
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 191108 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Jean Drèze |
| PRENOMES | Jean |
| SOBRENOME | Drèze |
| ASSINATURA | DRÈZE J |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Centre for Development Economics |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-7245-8625 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 47 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 314 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 45 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 2 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1990 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 7 |
Employment Guarantee
India’s national rural employment guarantee act was the outcome of a sustained deliberative process that gave it some mettle. Within a few years, the act became a lifeline for the rural poor with wide-ranging benefits. Later on, however, interlinked problems of erratic payments, centralization, technocracy and corruption undermined the programme. The VB-G RAM G Act, rushed through Parliament last December to replace MGNREGA, defuses the employmen…
Years of Jharkhand
,
Limitarianism and its limits
Revolt of the Upper Castes
This article argues that the recent rise of Hindu nationalism in India can be seen as a revolt of the upper castes against the egalitarian demands of democracy. By and large, the upper castes have managed to retain their power and privileges in the post-independence period. Nevertheless, democratic institutions have forced them to accept some sharing of power and privilege in important spheres of public life. Some economic changes have also under…
Sense and Solidarity
The last twenty years have been a time of intense public debates on social policy in India. There have also been major initiatives, such as the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, as well as resilient inertia in some fields. This book brings together some of Jean Drèze's contributions to these debates, along with other short essays on social development. The essays span the gamut of critical social policies, from education and health to pove…
Policy beyond evidence
Evidence, policy and politics
Decoding Universal Basic Income
Recent Social Security Initiatives in India
Inde
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An Uncertain Glory
Early Childhood in India
Poverty and Inequality in India
This paper presents a new set of integrated poverty and inequality estimates for India and Indian states for 1987-88, 1993-94 and 1999-2000. The poverty estimates are broadly consistent with independent evidence on per-capita expenditure, state domestic product and real agricultural wages. They show that poverty decline in the 1990s proceeded more or less in line with earlier trends. Regional disparities increased in the 1990s, with the southern …
India
This book explores the role of public action in eliminating deprivation and expanding human freedoms in India. The analysis is based on a broad and integrated view of development, which focuses on wellbeing and freedom rather than the standard indicators of economic growth. The authors place human agency at centre stage, and stress the complementary roles of different institutions (economic, social, and political) in enhancing effective freedoms.…
Democratic Practice and Social Inequality in India
This paper examines the role of democratic practice in contemporary India, going beyond the elementary concern with democratic institutions per se. The foundations of democratic practice are identified as facility (functional democratic institutions), involvement (informed public engagement with these institutions), and equity (a fair distribution of power). The achievements and limitations of Indian democracy are assessed in this light, with spe…
School Participation in Rural India
This paper presents an analysis of the determinants of school participation in rural north India, based on a recent household survey which includes detailed information on school characteristics. School participation, especially among girls, responds to a wide range of variables, including parental education and motivation, social background, dependency ratios, work opportunities, village development, teacher postings, mid‐day meals and infrastru…
Fertility, Education, and Development
Fertility has declined significantly in many parts of India since the early 1980s. This article examines the determinants of fertility levels and fertility decline, using data on Indian districts for 1981 and 1991. The authors find that women's education and child mortality are the most important factors explaining fertility differences across the country and over time. Low levels of son preference also contribute to lower fertility. By contrast,…
Crime, Gender, and Society in India
This study presents an analysis of inter-district variations in murder rates in India in 1981. Three significant patterns emerge. First, murder rates in India bear no significant relation with urbanization or poverty. Second, there is a negative association between literacy and criminal violence. Third, murder rates in India are highly correlated with the female-male ratio in the population: districts with higher female-male ratios have lower mur…
Daily wages and piece rates in agrarian economies
Widowhood and poverty in rural India
Sharecropping in a North Indian Village
This article presents a case study of sharecropping in a north Indian village. Drawing on a detailed survey of tenancy relations in the village, it examines a number of issues that have received prominent attention in the literature, including the motives for tenancy, the choice of tenancy contract, the rationale for equal shares, the relationship between tenant and landlord, the efficiency of sharecropping, and interlinkage. The wider implicatio…
India Economic Development and Social Opportunity
An analysis of endemic deprivation in India and of the role of public action in addressing that problem. The analysis is based on a broad view of economic development, focusing on human well-being and `social opportunity' rather than on the standard indicators of economic growth. India's success in reducing endemic deprivation since Independence has been quite limited. Recent diagnoses of this failure of policy have concentrated on the counterpro…
Mortality, Fertility, and Gender Bias in India
This article examines the determinants of fertility, child mortality, and gender bias in child survival in India using district-level data from the 1981 census. A common set of explanatory variables is used, including male and female literacy, the level of poverty, female labor force participation, urbanization, health care facilities, and other socioeconomic variables. The analysis demonstrates the powerful demographic influence of variables tha…
Economic Development, Public Action and Social Progress
This address discusses the role of public action as a tool of economic development and social progress. The influential role of public action is illustrated with reference to health and education achievements in India and China. In both fields, China has a considerable lead over India, achieved during the pre-reform period on the basis of extensive state involvement in the widespread and equitable provision of public services. The post-reform per…
Hunger and poverty in Iraq, 1991
Mortality, Fertility, and Gender Bias in India
This article examines the determinants of fertility, child mortality, and gender bias in child survival in India using district-level data from the 1981 census. A common set of explanatory variables is used, including male and female literacy, the level of poverty, female labor force participation, urbanization, health care facilities, and other socioeconomic variables. The analysis demonstrates the powerful demographic influence of variables tha…
Widowhood and poverty in rural India
Hunger and Public Action
This book analyses the role of public action in solving the problem of hunger in the modern world. The study is divided into four parts. The first, making extensive use of the concepts of entitlements and capabilities explores the interaction of nutritional, economic, social, and political elements and their influence on hunger and deprivation. The problem of famine prevention is the main focus of the second part, with special attention given to …
Recent Social Security Initiatives in India
Fertility, Education, and Development
Fertility has declined significantly in many parts of India since the early 1980s. This article examines the determinants of fertility levels and fertility decline, using data on Indian districts for 1981 and 1991. The authors find that women's education and child mortality are the most important factors explaining fertility differences across the country and over time. Low levels of son preference also contribute to lower fertility. By contrast,…
Crime, Gender, and Society in India
This study presents an analysis of inter-district variations in murder rates in India in 1981. Three significant patterns emerge. First, murder rates in India bear no significant relation with urbanization or poverty. Second, there is a negative association between literacy and criminal violence. Third, murder rates in India are highly correlated with the female-male ratio in the population: districts with higher female-male ratios have lower mur…
Democratic Practice and Social Inequality in India
This paper examines the role of democratic practice in contemporary India, going beyond the elementary concern with democratic institutions per se. The foundations of democratic practice are identified as facility (functional democratic institutions), involvement (informed public engagement with these institutions), and equity (a fair distribution of power). The achievements and limitations of Indian democracy are assessed in this light, with spe…
Hunger and poverty in Iraq, 1991
Social Security in Developing Countries
Journal Article Social Security in Developing Countries Get access Social Security in Developing Countries. Edited by Ehtisham Ahmad, Jean Dreze, John Hills and Amartya Sen. (Oxford and New York: Clarendon Press, 1991. Pp. xviii + 477. £45.00 hardback. ISBN 0 19 823300 0.) Sajal Lahiri Sajal Lahiri University of Essex Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Economic Journal, Volume 102, Issue 413, 1 July 1992,…
Policy beyond evidence
The Political Economy of Hunger
Journal Article The Political Economy of Hunger: Volume I, Entitlement and Well-Being Get access The Political Economy of Hunger: Volume i, Entitlement and Weil-Being. Edited by Dreze (Jean) and Sen (Amartya). (Oxford and New York: Clarendon Press, 1990. Pp. xx + 492. £40.00 hardback. ISBN 0 19 828635 X.)The Political Economy of Hunger: Volume 2, Famine Prevention. Edited by Dreze (Jean) and Sen (Amartya). (Oxford and New York: Clarendon Press, 1…
Daily wages and piece rates in agrarian economies
Economic Development, Public Action and Social Progress
This address discusses the role of public action as a tool of economic development and social progress. The influential role of public action is illustrated with reference to health and education achievements in India and China. In both fields, China has a considerable lead over India, achieved during the pre-reform period on the basis of extensive state involvement in the widespread and equitable provision of public services. The post-reform per…
Famine Prevention
The Political economy of hunger
New Seeds and Poor People
The Political Economy of Hunger
This book is the first of three volumes. Every year millions of people are losing their lives around the world, undeterred by the widespread opulence and remarkably higher per capita income, because of sporadic famines, endemic undernourishment, and destitution; let alone those hundreds of millions leading lives of never-ending vulnerability and want. This book is a collection of twenty six chapters in three volumes. There are ten chapters in thi…
China and India
Taking advantage of the similarities between China and India when they began their development planning, an assessment is made of their achievements and how eventually China had greater success than India in fighting endemic deprivation. The Chinese experience is seen as a success story of support‐led security solving the problem of chronic hunger. This is contrasted with the unsuccessful experience with the Chinese famine. The last part focuses …
Famines, Markets and Intervention
Some of the deficiencies of direct delivery strategies as a means of preventing famines are noted before the part that markets can play in precipitating or relieving famine is explored. The relationship of food availability and prices to individual entitlements is studied. The argument then moves to the role of transactions, both interregional (private trade) and intertemporal (hoarding), on famine vulnerability and how the government could inter…
Experiences and Lessons
Some experiences in India and Africa are examined and lessons drawn from them. The authors show how the entitlement protection efforts of India since independence help explain the lack of famines, and then focus on the 1970 Maharashtra drought. They analyse the success stories of Cape Verde, Kenya, Zimbabwe, and Botswana in Africa, referring again to the importance of entitlement protection systems. Special attention is given to the role of early…
The Economy, the State and the Public
Many of the arguments of the book are summarized, with a special emphasis on the role of public action (in a broad sense) to alleviate hunger. Early warning systems and employment provision plans are mentioned for famine prevention. The authors suggest endemic deprivation can be eliminated by looking at basic health care and elementary education in addition to food provision. The last part draws on the influence of food price fluctuations and int…
Nutrition and Capability
The difficulties in defining, describing, and measuring hunger and the consequences of this problem on public policy are highlighted. Mention is made of the deficiencies of the traditional nutritional analysis as a measure of food deprivation and people undernourishment, and ways to solve this problem are suggested. The last part draws on the advantages of the capability approach (and the concept of entitlement) in studying deprivation.
Strategies of Entitlement Protection
This chapter studies how the simultaneous (and often conflicting) objectives of non‐exclusion and targeting can be pursued with varying emphasis, depending on the selection procedure adopted. It then explores some of the selection mechanisms, highlighting the limits of nutritional status as a basic selection criterion. The merits and demerits of employment provision as an entitlement protection system are analysed. Finally, there are some general…
Production, Entitlements and Nutrition
The problem of public action in combating persistent undernutrition and endemic deprivation is raised. The argument is made for broadening the attention from food self‐sufficiency to food adequacy, from food adequacy to food entitlements, and from the latter to nutritional and related capabilities, always observing the link between these variables. The role of diversification and the potential process of industrialisation is considered, giving so…
Entitlement and Deprivation
The link between deprivation and the law is explored, and it is noted that, in seeking social changes to eliminate hunger, the nature of the entitlement systems has to be properly understood. Recognising that food availability is of crucial importance, the authors suggest attention is moved towards entitlement failures, Finally, case studies of the Bangladesh famine of 1974 and the food crisis in Sub‐Saharan Africa are used to illustrate this.
Economic Growth and Public Support
Possible dissonance between income and achievements of quality of life is noted. Then two alternatives for removing precarious living conditions are explored: growth‐mediated security and support‐led security, with illustrations from the experiences of various countries. The connection between these alternatives is studied. The strategy of growth‐mediated security is distinguished from that of aimless opulence with examples from the experiences o…
Experiences of Direct Support
The strategy of support‐led security is examined, reflected in the experiences of some selected countries, in particular, Sri Lanka, Chile, and Costa Rica. This strategy is distinguished by the use of public support (such as public health services, educational facilities, food subsides) to raise the standard of living without waiting for the country in question to achieve prosperity through sustained economic growth.
Famines and Social Response
This is the first of four chapters dedicated to famines. It begins by emphasising the role of public intervention in avoiding famines and then elaborates on the advantages of thinking of famine prevention in terms of an entitlement protection problem. It notes how any action should take into account the informal security systems already in play and describes some aspects of them, with special reference to sub‐Saharan Africa. Concludes with some r…
Society, Class and Gender
The authors note the misleading nature of the distinction between man‐made and natural famine, before moving on to emphasise the role of social conditions and cooperative conflicts in the genesis of hunger. Attention is drawn to the unequal treatment in intrafamily divisions, especially female deprivation, and the role of gender in hunger. They conclude by highlighting the differences between the concepts of protection and promotion.
Social security in developing countries
The notion of social security is very different in under-developed countries and is best understood as poverty alleviation. This study attempts to define social security in the Third World and to examine what programmes are most suitable for these countries.
Public Action for Social Security
This chapter discusses the nature of well being and deprivation, and tries to characterize the focus variables underlying the analysis of social security. It deals with the normative foundations of the problem and asks the question: what is the object of the exercise? The chapter examines whether the desired results can be achieved through normal economic and social processes without needing to devise systems of social security as such. It also d…
Hunger and Public Action
This book analyses the role of public action in solving the problem of hunger in the modern world. The study is divided into four parts. The first, making extensive use of the concepts of entitlements and capabilities explores the interaction of nutritional, economic, social, and political elements and their influence on hunger and deprivation. The problem of famine prevention is the main focus of the second part, with special attention given to …
Famine Prevention
Hunger and poverty in Iraq, 1991
Hunger and Public Action
Social Security in Developing Countries
Journal Article Social Security in Developing Countries Get access Social Security in Developing Countries. Edited by Ehtisham Ahmad, Jean Dreze, John Hills and Amartya Sen. (Oxford and New York: Clarendon Press, 1991. Pp. xviii + 477. £45.00 hardback. ISBN 0 19 823300 0.) Sajal Lahiri Sajal Lahiri University of Essex Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Economic Journal, Volume 102, Issue 413, 1 July 1992,…
The Political Economy of Hunger
Journal Article The Political Economy of Hunger: Volume I, Entitlement and Well-Being Get access The Political Economy of Hunger: Volume i, Entitlement and Weil-Being. Edited by Dreze (Jean) and Sen (Amartya). (Oxford and New York: Clarendon Press, 1990. Pp. xx + 492. £40.00 hardback. ISBN 0 19 828635 X.)The Political Economy of Hunger: Volume 2, Famine Prevention. Edited by Dreze (Jean) and Sen (Amartya). (Oxford and New York: Clarendon Press, 1…
Economic Development, Public Action and Social Progress
This address discusses the role of public action as a tool of economic development and social progress. The influential role of public action is illustrated with reference to health and education achievements in India and China. In both fields, China has a considerable lead over India, achieved during the pre-reform period on the basis of extensive state involvement in the widespread and equitable provision of public services. The post-reform per…
Mortality, Fertility, and Gender Bias in India
This article examines the determinants of fertility, child mortality, and gender bias in child survival in India using district-level data from the 1981 census. A common set of explanatory variables is used, including male and female literacy, the level of poverty, female labor force participation, urbanization, health care facilities, and other socioeconomic variables. The analysis demonstrates the powerful demographic influence of variables tha…
Economics (35 obras) · Political science (31 obras) · Economic growth (23 obras) · Development economics (21 obras) · Sociology (18 obras) · Income, Poverty, and Inequality (17 obras) · Law (17 obras) · Agricultural risk and resilience (14 obras) · Geography (12 obras) · Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare (12 obras)