M Mashkour
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 19859 |
|---|---|
| NOME | M Mashkour |
| PRENOMES | M |
| SOBRENOME | Mashkour |
| ASSINATURA | MASHKOUR M |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-3630-9459 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 58 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 273 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 58 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1999 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 9 |
Caprine Management during the Neolithic Period in the South Caucasus
Cet article analyse les stratégies pastorales du site néolithique de Kültepe I, situé sur l’une des voies d’accès au Caucase, au moment de l’arrivée des populations agro-pastorales et au cours de leur développement. Nous caractérisons les stratégies pastorales à travers les méthodes de l’archéozoologie classique et de la biogéochimie isotopique. Une partie importante de nos données proviennent d’analyses de ratios isotopiques (δ18O, δ13C et 87Sr/…
Combined Lipidomic and Proteomic Analyses on Ceramics and Human Remains from Sialk, a Protohistoric Site of the Iranian Plateau
Le site de Tepe Sialk, situé dans la plaine de Kashan (Iran) et dont les premières fouilles ont eu lieu dans les années 1930, présente une occupation allant du Néolithique récent (6000 BC) à l’âge du Fer final (500 BC). Dans cet article, nous avons utilisé de nouvelles méthodes d’analyse biomoléculaires sur des résidus lipidiques préservés dans les céramiques archéologiques et sur des protéines préservées dans le tartre dentaire humain afin de do…
Exploring Biological and Ecological Components of Sheep Astragalus Size and Shape Variation Using 3D Geometric Morphometrics
One of the key challenges in the archaeology of sheep domestication is reconstructing the complex history of environmental and anthropogenic transformations undergone by sheep since the beginning of the domestication process of their wild ancestors. In recent years, GMM studies of sheep astragalus bones have contributed to our understanding of morphological differences between wild and domestic caprine species. However, the respective influences …
Provenance of Obsidian Artifacts From the Late Chalcolithic Site of Tepe Gerdashawan in NW Iran
Fourteen Late Chalcolithic obsidian artifacts from Tepe Gerdashawan, southwest of Lake Urmia, were sourced to Nemrut Dağ and Meydan Dağ near Lake Van in eastern Türkiye. pXRF analysis confirms that these sources, also represented at contemporary sites in northwest Iran and northern Mesopotamia, reflect integrated exchange networks across the region. The predominance of eastern Anatolian sources in the west and south of Lake Urmia, contrasted with…
Epilogue to the thematic issue Anthropozoology of the red deer. Archaeological, historical, and ethnographic evidence
Cette collection thématique de sept articles publiés dans les volumes 60 (2) et 61 (1) d'Anthropozoologica, fait suite à la table-ronde Les relations humains-cerfs (Cervus) dans leurs expressions matérielles et symboliques. Organisé dans le cadre d'un séminaire de l'UMR 7209 du CNRS et MNHN (alors intitulée Archéozoologie, Archéobotanique: sociétés, pratiques et environnements – AASPE), cet événement s'est tenu à Paris le 10 octobre 2022. Placé s…
Red deer (Cervus elaphus Linnaeus, 1758) antler exploitation strategies and technical skills among Neolithic and Transitional Chalcolithic communities of the Iranian Plateau
Stratégies d'exploitation des bois de cerf (Cervus elaphus Linnaeus, 1758) et compétences techniques des communautés du Néolithique et du début du Chalcolithique du Plateau iranien. Sur le Plateau iranien, le bois de cervidé a été une matière première utilisée par les sociétés préhistoriques au Paléolithique moyen. À la suite d'une période d'exploitation plus intense au cours du paléolithique supérieur, elle décline au cours du Néolithique, coïnc…
Topological Data Analysis and Multiple Kernel Learning for Species Identification of Modern and Archaeological Small Ruminants
The faunal remains from numerous Holocene archaeological sites across southwest Asia frequently include the bones of various wild and domestic ungulates, such as sheep, goats, ibexes, roe deer and gazelles. These assemblages may provide insight into hunting and animal husbandry strategies and offer palaeoecological information on ancient human societies. However, the skeletons of these taxa are highly similar in appearance, which presents a chall…
François Poplin, archéologue érudit et bâtisseur de l’anthropozoologie
Unveiling the function of long-spouted ceramics at Sialk, Iran
The site of Sialk, with its long settlement history and large necropolises offers one of the most important relative chronology of Iran. During the Iron Age, particular pottery vessels with a long spout and elaborate decorations appeared at the site. While these ceramics had been the driven factor behind excavations in the area of Sialk, their function remains the object of numerous hypotheses. Here their function was investigated through organic…
Mortuary Practices, Rituality, and Commemorative Places
International audience
Salt Mining and Salt Miners at Talkherud–Douzlākh, Northwestern Iran
The Douzlākh salt deposit (region: Māhneshān, Zanjān Province, Iran) is unique for its pure and crystal rock salt and was an important supplier of culinary (‘table’) salt in Achaemenid, Sassanid and Middle Islamic times. At the same time, the site was of central importance to the economic life of the rural populations in the Talkherud Basin. This article focuses on the question of which strategies were decisive for the exploitation of the salt mo…
Cultural coherence of architecture in Greater Khorasan from Bactria to South Khorasan in Iran during the Late Iron Age/Achaemenid period
Tappe Takhchar-Abad, near Birjand in south Khorasan, is a recently discovered and excavated almost circular adobe building with six towers, dating to the Achaemenid period. This article suggests that the architectural tradition of circular buildings and sites in the late Iron Age/Achaemenid period, in Greater Khorasan, apparently originated from Bactria in which most such sites have been reported
Between land and sea. The exploitation of marine shells from the Neolithic to the Iron age in Iran
The relationship between humans and the marine environment has played a pivotal role in the development of modern societies. The exploitation of marine resources for food and for the collection of raw materials has been an integral part of the development of human communities near coastal areas throughout the world. The circulation of raw materials, such as shells, has allowed the connections between different groups dating from the Pleistocene t…
Lipid preservation in ceramics and bones from the Iranian Plateau
Predictive use of modern reference osteological collections for disentangling the shape of Eurasian equid cheek teeth and metapodials in archaeological material
Equids have shaped past Eurasian societies in many ways. This applies in particular to domestic horses, donkeys, and their hybrids. Key to documenting modes of exploitation and cultural trajectories in past societies is the correct taxonomic classification of tooth and bone specimens found in archaeological sites. However, close osteomorphological resemblance of wild and domestic equids and their economically valuable hybrids, that is, mules and …
Mobility and land use in the Greater Khorasan Civilization
Are petrous bones just a repository of ancient biomolecules? Investigating biosystematic signals in sheep petrous bones using 3D geometric morphometrics
Ancient DNA refines taxonomic classification of Roman equids north of the Alps, elaborated with osteomorphology and geometric morphometrics
Hybrids of horse and donkey, which have been valued in the Mediterranean basin since the Iron Age, became integrated into the animal world north of the Alps in the course of Romanization. Until now, however, their true contribution to the economic and military life in the northern Roman provinces Raetia, Noricum and Upper Pannonia (southern Germany, eastern Switzerland and Austria) has remained unknown in the absence of robust identification meth…
The origins and spread of domestic horses from the Western Eurasian steppes
Domestication of horses fundamentally transformed long-range mobility and warfare 1 . However, modern domesticated breeds do not descend from the earliest domestic horse lineage associated with archaeological evidence of bridling, milking and corralling 2–4 at Botai, Central Asia around 3500 bc 3 . Other longstanding candidate regions for horse domestication, such as Iberia 5 and Anatolia 6 , have also recently been challenged. Thus, the genetic,…
Are Petrous Bones Just a Repository of Ancient Biomolecules? Investigating Biosystematic Signals in Sheep Petrous Bones Using 3d Geometric Morphometrics
Evosheep
First contribution of the excavation and chronostratigraphic study of the Ruways 1 Neolithic shell midden (Oman) in terms of Neolithisation, palaeoeconomy, social‐environmental interactions and site f…
The NeoArabia project tries to understand how environmental, social, economic and technological factors work in concert to influence settlement and abandonment along a latitudinal transect of 1200 km from UAE to southern Oman. This region was affected by wide north–south variations in the Indo‐Arabian monsoon, marine upwelling activity and eustatic variations in the Mid‐Holocene. On the local settlement scale, this transect is based on fine strat…
Preliminary report on the first season of excavations at Tepe Chalow
First season of archaeological excavation at the pre- and proto-historic site of Tepe Chalow in northern Khorasan Province, NE Iran, was carried out by a joint Irano-Italian expedition in autumn of 2011. The joint team opened 9 trenches in the core zone plus 28 small testing pits in the periphery of the site to evaluate accumulation and extension of archaeological layers. Archaeological analysis of the material and data gathered through excavatio…
A Neanderthal from the Central Western Zagros, Iran. Structural reassessment of the Wezmeh 1 maxillary premolar
A Kura-Araxes and Parthian settlement in the Araxes River Basin, Northwest Iran
The Aurignacian in the Zagros region
The Yafteh cave in Iran has an intact Aurignacian sequence over 2m deep. First explored by Frank Hole and Kent Flannery in the 1960s, its strata and assemblage are here re-evaluated at first hand by a new international team. The authors show that the assemblage is genuine Aurignacian and dates back to about 35.5K uncal BP. They propose it as emerging locally and even as providing a culture of origin for modern humans in West Asia and Europe
A Neanderthal from the Central Western Zagros, Iran. Structural reassessment of the Wezmeh 1 maxillary premolar
Human-Environment Interactions on the Upper Khuzestan Plains, Southwest Iran. Recent Investigations
Evidence from archaeological excavation, intensive surface survey, geoarchaeological investigations, and remote sensing conducted in fall 2002 establishes parameters for the long-term history of human-environment interaction on the eastern margins of the Upper Khuzestan plains. During the 6th-4th millennia ВСЕ (the Susiana and Protoliterate periods), human settlement in this region was dispersed, intermittent, and shifting, due in part to a subsi…
Stable isotope evidence for palaeodiets in southern Turkmenistan during Historical period and Iron Age
Zonkey
Carnivores and their prey in the Wezmeh Cave (Kermanshah, Iran)
Wezmeh Cave is located on the northeastern edge of the Islamabad plain, a high intermontane valley in the western-central Zagros. In 1999 a disturbed but large faunal assemblage was recovered from this site. The abundant and extremely diverse faunal spectra present at Wezmeh Cave has highlighted the importance of this assemblage. Carnivore remains constitute the bulk of the assemblage; red fox (Vulpes vulpes) has the highest number of identified …
Chasse et élevage au nord du Plateau central iranien entre le Néolithique et l'Âge du Fer
L 'évolution au cours de cinq millénaires des modes d'exploitation animale par les hommes préhistoriques de trois sites de la Plaine de Qazvin ([ran) sont examinés ici. La chasse, axée plus spécifiquement sur les équidés sauvages et sur les gazelles avec un accroissement des premiers au cours du temps est un trait marquant et peu commun de ces sites du nord du Plateau central. L'étude de la faune des sites de la Plaine de Qazvin révèle des schéma…
First contribution of the excavation and chronostratigraphic study of the Ruways 1 Neolithic shell midden (Oman) in terms of Neolithisation, palaeoeconomy, social‐environmental interactions and site f…
The NeoArabia project tries to understand how environmental, social, economic and technological factors work in concert to influence settlement and abandonment along a latitudinal transect of 1200 km from UAE to southern Oman. This region was affected by wide north–south variations in the Indo‐Arabian monsoon, marine upwelling activity and eustatic variations in the Mid‐Holocene. On the local settlement scale, this transect is based on fine strat…
Animal exploitation in the oases
Late Pleistocene human remains from Wezmeh Cave, western Iran
Paleontological analysis of remains from Wezmeh Cave in western Iran have yielded a Holocene Chalcolithic archeological assemblage, a rich Late Pleistocene carnivore faunal assemblage, and an isolated unerupted human maxillary premolar (P 3 or possibly P 4 ). Species representation and U‐series dating of faunal teeth place the carnivore assemblage during oxygen isotope stages (OIS) 3 and 2, and noninvasive gamma spectrometry dating of the human p…
Palaeoenvironmental and Archaeological Implications of Isotopic Analyses ( 13 C, 15 N) from Neolithic to Present in Qazvin Plain (Iran)
Tuwah Khoshkeh
Kamyar Abdi, Gabriel Nokandeh, Ali Azadi, Fereydoun Biglari, Saman Heydari, Dariush Farmani, Akbar Rezaii, Marjan Mashkour, Tuwah Khoshkeh: A Middle Chalcolithic Mobile Pastoralist Camp-Site in the Islamabad Plain, West Central Zagros Mountains, Iran, Iran, Vol. 40 (2002), pp. 43-74
Tappeh Sang-e Chakhmaq and the beginning of the Neolithic in north-east Iran
Tracing Ancient 'Nomads
International audience
Human occupation along the foothills of Northwestern Zagros during the Late Pleistocene and the Holocene in the Rania and Peshdar plains
International audience
Pollen analysis of coprolites from a late Pleistocene–Holocene cave deposit (Wezmeh Cave, west Iran)
Palaeoenvironmental and Archaeological Implications of Isotopic Analyses ( 13 C, 15 N) from Neolithic to Present in Qazvin Plain (Iran)
Palaeoenvironmental changes since the sixth millennium B.C. in northern Iran have been assessed through isotopic studies of archaeozoological remains from three prehistoric sites. Good quality collagen has been extracted from more than 40 bone samples from wild and domestic herbivores, boars, dogs and humans belonging to Zagheh (sixth-fifth millennium cal BC, Neolithic), Qabrestan (fourth-third millennium cal BC, Cha1colithic) and Sagzabad (secon…
Are petrous bones just a repository of ancient biomolecules? Investigating biosystematic signals in sheep petrous bones using 3D geometric morphometrics
Ancient DNA refines taxonomic classification of Roman equids north of the Alps, elaborated with osteomorphology and geometric morphometrics
Hybrids of horse and donkey, which have been valued in the Mediterranean basin since the Iron Age, became integrated into the animal world north of the Alps in the course of Romanization. Until now, however, their true contribution to the economic and military life in the northern Roman provinces Raetia, Noricum and Upper Pannonia (southern Germany, eastern Switzerland and Austria) has remained unknown in the absence of robust identification meth…
Mobility and land use in the Greater Khorasan Civilization
Preliminary report on the first season of excavations at Tepe Chalow
First season of archaeological excavation at the pre- and proto-historic site of Tepe Chalow in northern Khorasan Province, NE Iran, was carried out by a joint Irano-Italian expedition in autumn of 2011. The joint team opened 9 trenches in the core zone plus 28 small testing pits in the periphery of the site to evaluate accumulation and extension of archaeological layers. Archaeological analysis of the material and data gathered through excavatio…
Bio-archaeological studies at Konar Sandal, Halil Rud basin, southeastern Iran
Recent archaeological discoveries in the Halil Rud valley in the Kerman province of southeastern Iran have shown the existence of an important urban centre during the Early Bronze Age (third millennium BC), with a rich artistic and craft tradition as well as long-distance contacts with both Mesopotamia and the Indus valley. Bioarchaeological studies carried out at Konar Sandal, south of the modern city of Jiroft, allow for the first time a recons…
Investigations on the evolution of subsistence economy in the Qazvin Plain (Iran) from the Neolithic to the Iron Age
Analysis of zooarchaeological data from three prehistoric sites on the Iranian plateau presents new details of economic strategies in this little-known region
Salt Mining and Salt Miners at Talkherud–Douzlākh, Northwestern Iran
The Douzlākh salt deposit (region: Māhneshān, Zanjān Province, Iran) is unique for its pure and crystal rock salt and was an important supplier of culinary (‘table’) salt in Achaemenid, Sassanid and Middle Islamic times. At the same time, the site was of central importance to the economic life of the rural populations in the Talkherud Basin. This article focuses on the question of which strategies were decisive for the exploitation of the salt mo…
Are Petrous Bones Just a Repository of Ancient Biomolecules? Investigating Biosystematic Signals in Sheep Petrous Bones Using 3d Geometric Morphometrics
Investigations on the evolution of subsistence economy in the Qazvin Plain (Iran) from the Neolithic to the Iron Age
Analysis of zooarchaeological data from three prehistoric sites on the Iranian plateau presents new details of economic strategies in this little-known region
Palaeoenvironmental and Archaeological Implications of Isotopic Analyses ( 13 C, 15 N) from Neolithic to Present in Qazvin Plain (Iran)
Palaeoenvironmental changes since the sixth millennium B.C. in northern Iran have been assessed through isotopic studies of archaeozoological remains from three prehistoric sites. Good quality collagen has been extracted from more than 40 bone samples from wild and domestic herbivores, boars, dogs and humans belonging to Zagheh (sixth-fifth millennium cal BC, Neolithic), Qabrestan (fourth-third millennium cal BC, Cha1colithic) and Sagzabad (secon…
Palaeoenvironmental and Archaeological Implications of Isotopic Analyses ( 13 C, 15 N) from Neolithic to Present in Qazvin Plain (Iran)
Tuwah Khoshkeh
International audience
Tuwah Khoshkeh
Kamyar Abdi, Gabriel Nokandeh, Ali Azadi, Fereydoun Biglari, Saman Heydari, Dariush Farmani, Akbar Rezaii, Marjan Mashkour, Tuwah Khoshkeh: A Middle Chalcolithic Mobile Pastoralist Camp-Site in the Islamabad Plain, West Central Zagros Mountains, Iran, Iran, Vol. 40 (2002), pp. 43-74
Chasse et élevage au nord du Plateau central iranien entre le Néolithique et l'Âge du Fer
L 'évolution au cours de cinq millénaires des modes d'exploitation animale par les hommes préhistoriques de trois sites de la Plaine de Qazvin ([ran) sont examinés ici. La chasse, axée plus spécifiquement sur les équidés sauvages et sur les gazelles avec un accroissement des premiers au cours du temps est un trait marquant et peu commun de ces sites du nord du Plateau central. L'étude de la faune des sites de la Plaine de Qazvin révèle des schéma…
Tracing Ancient 'Nomads
International audience
Human-Environment Interactions on the Upper Khuzestan Plains, Southwest Iran. Recent Investigations
Evidence from archaeological excavation, intensive surface survey, geoarchaeological investigations, and remote sensing conducted in fall 2002 establishes parameters for the long-term history of human-environment interaction on the eastern margins of the Upper Khuzestan plains. During the 6th-4th millennia ВСЕ (the Susiana and Protoliterate periods), human settlement in this region was dispersed, intermittent, and shifting, due in part to a subsi…
Stable isotope evidence for palaeodiets in southern Turkmenistan during Historical period and Iron Age
The Aurignacian in the Zagros region
The Yafteh cave in Iran has an intact Aurignacian sequence over 2m deep. First explored by Frank Hole and Kent Flannery in the 1960s, its strata and assemblage are here re-evaluated at first hand by a new international team. The authors show that the assemblage is genuine Aurignacian and dates back to about 35.5K uncal BP. They propose it as emerging locally and even as providing a culture of origin for modern humans in West Asia and Europe
Late Pleistocene human remains from Wezmeh Cave, western Iran
Paleontological analysis of remains from Wezmeh Cave in western Iran have yielded a Holocene Chalcolithic archeological assemblage, a rich Late Pleistocene carnivore faunal assemblage, and an isolated unerupted human maxillary premolar (P 3 or possibly P 4 ). Species representation and U‐series dating of faunal teeth place the carnivore assemblage during oxygen isotope stages (OIS) 3 and 2, and noninvasive gamma spectrometry dating of the human p…
Anthropological Archaeology in the Middle East
Anthropology of the Middle East has implicitly and explicitly been a journal with a regional orientation. Most previous issues, however, have added a thematic dimension to this regional orientation, and the same applies to this special issue. The chosen theme is anthropological archaeology, given the fact that this school in archaeology has been responsible for tremendous progress in Middle Eastern archaeology and has advanced our knowledge of th…
Carnivores and their prey in the Wezmeh Cave (Kermanshah, Iran)
Wezmeh Cave is located on the northeastern edge of the Islamabad plain, a high intermontane valley in the western-central Zagros. In 1999 a disturbed but large faunal assemblage was recovered from this site. The abundant and extremely diverse faunal spectra present at Wezmeh Cave has highlighted the importance of this assemblage. Carnivore remains constitute the bulk of the assemblage; red fox (Vulpes vulpes) has the highest number of identified …
Pollen analysis of coprolites from a late Pleistocene–Holocene cave deposit (Wezmeh Cave, west Iran)
Pig Domestication and Human-Mediated Dispersal in Western Eurasia Revealed through Ancient DNA and Geometric Morphometrics
Zooarcheological evidence suggests that pigs were domesticated in Southwest Asia ~8,500 BC. They then spread across the Middle and Near East and westward into Europe alongside early agriculturalists. European pigs were either domesticated independently or more likely appeared so as a result of admixture between introduced pigs and European wild boar. As a result, European wild boar mtDNA lineages replaced Near Eastern/Anatolian mtDNA signatures i…
Paleoparasitological analysis of samples from the Chehrabad salt mine (Northwestern Iran)
Bio-archaeological studies at Konar Sandal, Halil Rud basin, southeastern Iran
Recent archaeological discoveries in the Halil Rud valley in the Kerman province of southeastern Iran have shown the existence of an important urban centre during the Early Bronze Age (third millennium BC), with a rich artistic and craft tradition as well as long-distance contacts with both Mesopotamia and the Indus valley. Bioarchaeological studies carried out at Konar Sandal, south of the modern city of Jiroft, allow for the first time a recons…
Fossil beetles as possible evidence for transhumance during the middle and late Holocene in the high mountains of Talysch (Talesh) in NW Iran
A short sediment core (300 cm) was retrieved from a peaty deposit in the northeastern corner of Lake Neor in NW Iran yielding a 6500-year-old sequence relatively rich in pollen and beetle remains. Beetle assemblages contained a significant amount of coprophagous and coprophilous species all along the core. Pollen spectra suggest an open steppe landscape typical of the modern Irano-Turanian highlands with pollen indicators of agro-pastoral activit…
Animal–plant interactions on the Iranian plateau and in adjacent areas
The Iranian plateau, with adjacent regions (southern Caucasus and Central Asia, the Indo-Iranian borderlands), forms an important landmass between the Near East and Mesopotamia to the West, the Ind
Foreword by the Scientific Editor Ancient Camelids in the Old World - Between Arabia and Europe
MASHKOUR, M., BEECH, M. (2014): Avant-propos de l'éditeur scientifique Les camélidés de l'ancien monde. Entre l'Arabie et l'Europe. Anthropozoologica 49 (2): 163-166, DOI: 10.5252/az2014n2a13
Tappeh Sang-e Chakhmaq and the beginning of the Neolithic in north-east Iran
Genomic and archaeological evidence suggest a dual origin of domestic dogs
A dogged investigation of domestication The history of how wolves became our pampered pooches of today has remained controversial. Frantz et al. describe high-coverage sequencing of the genome of an Irish dog from the Bronze Age as well as ancient dog mitochondrial DNA sequences. Comparing ancient dogs to a modern worldwide panel of dogs shows an old, deep split between East Asian and Western Eurasian dogs. Thus, dogs were domesticated from two s…
Human–Animal Relationships in the Middle East
Every Dog Has Its Day
In the perspective of human–animal relationships, considered a social change marker, pet dogs in modern Iranian society constitute a form of acculturation that started under the former regime and perpetuates, if not intensifies, nowadays. At first glance, this acculturation form seems to be directly borrowed from Western patterns, but this article shows the peculiarities of the adaptation models to the Iranian context. This work, based on individ…
Buried with turtles
Geography (45 obras) · Archaeology (41 obras) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (32 obras) · Biology (22 obras) · History (20 obras) · Ancient Near East History (19 obras) · Ancient history (17 obras) · Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology (17 obras) · Geology (16 obras) · Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies (14 obras)