Laura C Leviton
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 2160100 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Laura C Leviton |
| PRENOMES | Laura C |
| SOBRENOME | Leviton |
| ASSINATURA | LEVITON L C |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Robert Wood Johnson Foundation |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-8116-539X |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 38 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 67 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 38 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1981 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2022 |
| ÍNDICE H | 4 |
Fidelity and Adaptation of Programs
Evidence-based programs and grassroots programs are often adapted during implementation. Adaptations are often hidden, ignored, or punished. Although some adaptations stem from lack of organizational capacity, evaluators report other adaptations happen in good faith or are efforts to better fit the local context. Program implementers, facilitators who need to adapt during implementation, do not always report adaptations because they fear losing f…
Formative Evaluation and Complex Health Improvement Initiatives
Sustainable community health improvement often requires the implementation of complex interventions in complex systems. Drawing from the Four Keys to Success frame (theory, implementation, support, and evaluation), this article describes how we used a formative evaluation approach to foster a learning system capable of monitoring and addressing emerging community needs within the Spreading Community Accelerators Through Learning and Evaluation (S…
In Memoriam
William Raymond Shadish Jr
Codifying Practice Into Theory
In this commentary I discuss how Getting to Outcomes and other empowerment strategies have potential to contribute to a theory of evaluation practice, address the epistemology of quality improvement, and inform the external validity of outcome evaluations
External Validity
Demystifying theory and its use in improvement
The role and value of theory in improvement work in healthcare has been seriously underrecognised. We join others in proposing that more informed use of theory can strengthen improvement programmes and facilitate the evaluation of their effectiveness. Many professionals, including improvement practitioners, are unfortunately mystified—and alienated—by theory, which discourages them from using it in their work. In an effort to demystify theory we …
Evaluation Practice and Theory
Debra Rog presented the 2014 Eleanor Chelimsky Forum address, offering ways to integrate evaluation theory and practice by abundant use of practice examples. These examples illustrate the effective use of the Ladder of Abstraction from semantics, working from the concrete to the abstract and back again
Generative Insights From the Eleanor Chelimsky Forum on Evaluation Theory and Practice
Both speakers at the Eleanor Chelimsky Forum on Theory and Practice in Evaluation pointed out the complexity and messiness of evaluation practice, and thus potential limits on theory and generalizable knowledge. The concept of reflective practice offers one way forward to build evaluation theory. Building generalizable knowledge about practice depends on the ability of expert practitioners to dialogue at greater length about the issues they encou…
Some Underexamined Aspects of Evaluation Capacity Building
Evaluation capacity building (ECB) has progressed as a concept since it was the conference theme of the American Evaluation Association in the year 2000. This commentary poses some questions about underexamined issues in ECB about organizations, evaluators, and funders
The Evaluation of Arkansas Act 1220 of 2003 to Reduce Childhood Obesity
This article describes the evaluation of the Arkansas Act 1220 of 2003, a comprehensive legislative proposal to address the growing epidemic of childhood obesity through changes in the school environment. In addition, the article discusses specific components of the evaluation that may be applicable to other childhood obesity policy evaluation efforts. The conceptual framework for the evaluation, research questions, and evaluation design are desc…
Children's Healthy Weight and the School Environment
As people became aware of the epidemic of childhood obesity, policy makers and public health practitioners called for the schools to change their environments to encourage healthy eating and increased physical activity. This article describes recent policy developments and clarifies what can and cannot be expected of schools based on existing and emerging evidence for prevention of childhood obesity
Online Diaries for Qualitative Evaluation
Interactive online diaries are a novel approach for evaluating project implementation and provide real-time communication between evaluation staff members and those implementing a program. Evaluation teams can guide the lines of inquiry and ensure that data are captured as implementation develops. When used together with conventional evaluation strategies, interactive online diaries allow for an in-depth understanding of project implementation, a…
Results of the First Year of Active for Life
Objectives. Translating efficacious interventions into practice within community settings is a major public health challenge. We evaluated the effects of 2 evidence-based physical activity interventions on self-reported physical activity and related outcomes in midlife and older adults. Methods. Four community-based organizations implemented Active Choices, a 6-month, telephone-based program, and 5 implemented Active Living Every Day, a 20-week, …
Cluster Randomized Trials for the Evaluation of Strategies Designed to Promote Evidence-Based Practice in Perinatal and Neonatal Medicine
This article makes a case for cluster-randomized trials to encourage evidence-based practice in medical care. The case rests on theoretical, empirical, and methodological grounds. To illustrate, we describe two recent studies. The first trial, with participation by 27 tertiary care hospitals, concerned methods to encourage a relatively simple, low-cost therapy for women in premature labor. A significant effect was seen in intervention hospitals o…
Scholarship, Policy, and Personal Development at Northwestern
Evaluation Use
Scholarship, Policy, and Personal Development at Northwestern
Commentary
Presidential address
Presidential Address
Building collective capacity can improve the quality of evaluators’ work, as well as their quality of life. Strengthening collective capacity will help evaluation to influence the policy and program worlds, which continue to misunderstand, misuse, and sometimes fear evaluation. Building this capacity means strengthening the relationships among evaluators themselves, for mutual support, information, collaboration, and sharing. Some barriers to str…
A Union-Initiated Safety Training Program Leads to Improved Workplace Safety
Workplace safety training programs initiated by unions have gained strength and numbers over the past ten years. Union-initiated peer train ing offers a new twist on joint labor-management health and safety pro grams, which have become an important area of labor-management coop eration. Peer trainers play a major role in the new partnerships, as man agement learns how effectively workers function as trainers who speak directly to worker interests…
Estimating the Impact of Sexually Transmitted HIV Prevention Interventions
Teaching Evaluation Using Evaluability Assessment
A case is made for using the technique of evaluability assessment to introduce students to the field of evaluation. Procedures for directing, instructing, and supervising evaluability assessments in the classroom setting are described, along with techniques for adapting the method to the students' level of training, mix of experiences, and duration of the class. Evaluability assessment is a useful exercise that assists students in applying their …
Cumulative Probability of HIV Infection
Variables influencing condom use in a cohort of gay and bisexual men
Nine hundred fifty-five of 1,384 (69 per cent) gay and bisexual men enrolled in a prospective study of the natural history of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection who reported engaging in anal intercourse in the past six months were surveyed about condom use practices for both insertive (IAI) and receptive anal intercourse (RAI). The following results were obtained: 23 per cent of the men reported that they always used condoms for IAI and…
A Mandated Appraisal of Evaluation Practices
Children's Healthy Weight and the School Environment
As people became aware of the epidemic of childhood obesity, policy makers and public health practitioners called for the schools to change their environments to encourage healthy eating and increased physical activity. This article describes recent policy developments and clarifies what can and cannot be expected of schools based on existing and emerging evidence for prevention of childhood obesity
Online Diaries for Qualitative Evaluation
Interactive online diaries are a novel approach for evaluating project implementation and provide real-time communication between evaluation staff members and those implementing a program. Evaluation teams can guide the lines of inquiry and ensure that data are captured as implementation develops. When used together with conventional evaluation strategies, interactive online diaries allow for an in-depth understanding of project implementation, a…
Some Underexamined Aspects of Evaluation Capacity Building
Evaluation capacity building (ECB) has progressed as a concept since it was the conference theme of the American Evaluation Association in the year 2000. This commentary poses some questions about underexamined issues in ECB about organizations, evaluators, and funders
Evaluation Use
A Union-Initiated Safety Training Program Leads to Improved Workplace Safety
Workplace safety training programs initiated by unions have gained strength and numbers over the past ten years. Union-initiated peer train ing offers a new twist on joint labor-management health and safety pro grams, which have become an important area of labor-management coop eration. Peer trainers play a major role in the new partnerships, as man agement learns how effectively workers function as trainers who speak directly to worker interests…
Teaching Evaluation Using Evaluability Assessment
A case is made for using the technique of evaluability assessment to introduce students to the field of evaluation. Procedures for directing, instructing, and supervising evaluability assessments in the classroom setting are described, along with techniques for adapting the method to the students' level of training, mix of experiences, and duration of the class. Evaluability assessment is a useful exercise that assists students in applying their …
Why the Compensatory Education Evaluation Was Useful
Why the compensatory education evaluation was useful
Generative Insights From the Eleanor Chelimsky Forum on Evaluation Theory and Practice
Both speakers at the Eleanor Chelimsky Forum on Theory and Practice in Evaluation pointed out the complexity and messiness of evaluation practice, and thus potential limits on theory and generalizable knowledge. The concept of reflective practice offers one way forward to build evaluation theory. Building generalizable knowledge about practice depends on the ability of expert practitioners to dialogue at greater length about the issues they encou…
Results of the First Year of Active for Life
Objectives. Translating efficacious interventions into practice within community settings is a major public health challenge. We evaluated the effects of 2 evidence-based physical activity interventions on self-reported physical activity and related outcomes in midlife and older adults. Methods. Four community-based organizations implemented Active Choices, a 6-month, telephone-based program, and 5 implemented Active Living Every Day, a 20-week, …
Formative Evaluation and Complex Health Improvement Initiatives
Sustainable community health improvement often requires the implementation of complex interventions in complex systems. Drawing from the Four Keys to Success frame (theory, implementation, support, and evaluation), this article describes how we used a formative evaluation approach to foster a learning system capable of monitoring and addressing emerging community needs within the Spreading Community Accelerators Through Learning and Evaluation (S…
Evaluation Practice and Theory
Debra Rog presented the 2014 Eleanor Chelimsky Forum address, offering ways to integrate evaluation theory and practice by abundant use of practice examples. These examples illustrate the effective use of the Ladder of Abstraction from semantics, working from the concrete to the abstract and back again
The Evaluation of Arkansas Act 1220 of 2003 to Reduce Childhood Obesity
This article describes the evaluation of the Arkansas Act 1220 of 2003, a comprehensive legislative proposal to address the growing epidemic of childhood obesity through changes in the school environment. In addition, the article discusses specific components of the evaluation that may be applicable to other childhood obesity policy evaluation efforts. The conceptual framework for the evaluation, research questions, and evaluation design are desc…
Cluster Randomized Trials for the Evaluation of Strategies Designed to Promote Evidence-Based Practice in Perinatal and Neonatal Medicine
This article makes a case for cluster-randomized trials to encourage evidence-based practice in medical care. The case rests on theoretical, empirical, and methodological grounds. To illustrate, we describe two recent studies. The first trial, with participation by 27 tertiary care hospitals, concerned methods to encourage a relatively simple, low-cost therapy for women in premature labor. A significant effect was seen in intervention hospitals o…
Drake Chemical Workers' Health Registry
BACKGROUND: Programs to communicate health risk information and to protect the health of groups exposed to toxic substances need to tailor interventions to the political, economic, and cultural situation of the at-risk group. In particular, such programs must often cope with exceptional community tension and conflict over these exposures. METHODS: This article uses interviews and written materials to document and describe the state of affairs tha…
Changes in Law as Leverage Points for Policy Research
Job Seeking patterns of Female and Male Ph.D. Recipients
A questionnaire survey of female and male Ph.D's was undertaken to examine sex differences in job seeking, job attainment, and factors influencing career advancement. Women and men held generally similar values with respect to home life and a career, but women rated both home and career values somewhat more highly than men. Women also reported more conflicts in pursuing a career. Although job quality did not differ by sex, job seeking patterns of…
Research On the Utilization of Evaluations
An area of concernfor evaluation research is the extent to which evaluations are utilized in policy and program development and change. The current review critically discusses definition of utilization and methodsfor detecting utilization. Five "clusters" of variables have been found to affect utilization. These are: (1) the relevance of evaluation to the needs of potential users; (2) extent of communication between potential users and producers …
Job Seeking Patterns of Female and Male Ph.D. Recipients
A questionnaire survey of female and male Ph.D's was undertaken to examine sex differences in job seeking, job attainment, and factors influencing career advancement. Women and men held generally similar values with respect to home life and a career, but women rated both home and career values somewhat more highly than men. Women also reported more conflicts in pursuing a career. Although job quality did not differ by sex, job seeking patterns of…
What differentiates meta-analysis from other forms of review1
An issue of friendly disagreement between Cooper and Arkin (1981) and Cook and Leviton (1980) involves the definition of meta-analysis. Cooper and Arkin favor a definition stressing the degree of quantification in review studies, while we claim that studies labeled as “meta-analysis” are differentiated from other reviews in terms of the aggregation of effect sizes or probability values across studies for the purpose of reaching numerical estimate…
Job Seeking patterns of Female and Male Ph.D. Recipients
A questionnaire survey of female and male Ph.D's was undertaken to examine sex differences in job seeking, job attainment, and factors influencing career advancement. Women and men held generally similar values with respect to home life and a career, but women rated both home and career values somewhat more highly than men. Women also reported more conflicts in pursuing a career. Although job quality did not differ by sex, job seeking patterns of…
A Mandated Appraisal of Evaluation Practices
Why the Compensatory Education Evaluation Was Useful
Why the compensatory education evaluation was useful
Changes in Law as Leverage Points for Policy Research
Variables influencing condom use in a cohort of gay and bisexual men
Nine hundred fifty-five of 1,384 (69 per cent) gay and bisexual men enrolled in a prospective study of the natural history of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection who reported engaging in anal intercourse in the past six months were surveyed about condom use practices for both insertive (IAI) and receptive anal intercourse (RAI). The following results were obtained: 23 per cent of the men reported that they always used condoms for IAI and…
Drake Chemical Workers' Health Registry
BACKGROUND: Programs to communicate health risk information and to protect the health of groups exposed to toxic substances need to tailor interventions to the political, economic, and cultural situation of the at-risk group. In particular, such programs must often cope with exceptional community tension and conflict over these exposures. METHODS: This article uses interviews and written materials to document and describe the state of affairs tha…
Foundations of Program Evaluation
PART ONE: INTRODUCTION Social Program Evaluation Its History, Tasks and Theory Good Theory for Social Program Evaluation PART TWO: STAGE ONE THEORIES: BRINGING TRUTH TO SOCIAL PROBLEM SOLVING Michael S Scriven The Science of Valuing Donald T Campbell Methodologist of the Experimenting Society PART THREE: STAGE TWO THEORIES: GENERATING ALTERNATIVES EMPHASIZING USE AND PRAGMATISM Carol H Weiss Linking Evaluation to Policy Research Joseph S Wholey E…
Integrating psychology and public health
Psychology has made significant strides in developing ap-plications relevant o public health. However, improve-ments are still needed to integrate psychology into the public health infrastructure. The challenge.(or public health is to recognize psychology's pecial contributions to poli~T and "practice, especially to prevention of disease and injuo'. The challenge.for psychology is to assure co-herent integration of relevant heories, knowledge bas…
Integrating psychology and public health
Cumulative Probability of HIV Infection
Teaching Evaluation Using Evaluability Assessment
A case is made for using the technique of evaluability assessment to introduce students to the field of evaluation. Procedures for directing, instructing, and supervising evaluability assessments in the classroom setting are described, along with techniques for adapting the method to the students' level of training, mix of experiences, and duration of the class. Evaluability assessment is a useful exercise that assists students in applying their …
Estimating the Impact of Sexually Transmitted HIV Prevention Interventions
A Union-Initiated Safety Training Program Leads to Improved Workplace Safety
Workplace safety training programs initiated by unions have gained strength and numbers over the past ten years. Union-initiated peer train ing offers a new twist on joint labor-management health and safety pro grams, which have become an important area of labor-management coop eration. Peer trainers play a major role in the new partnerships, as man agement learns how effectively workers function as trainers who speak directly to worker interests…
Presidential address
Presidential Address
Building collective capacity can improve the quality of evaluators’ work, as well as their quality of life. Strengthening collective capacity will help evaluation to influence the policy and program worlds, which continue to misunderstand, misuse, and sometimes fear evaluation. Building this capacity means strengthening the relationships among evaluators themselves, for mutual support, information, collaboration, and sharing. Some barriers to str…
Scholarship, Policy, and Personal Development at Northwestern
Evaluation Use
Scholarship, Policy, and Personal Development at Northwestern
Commentary
Cluster Randomized Trials for the Evaluation of Strategies Designed to Promote Evidence-Based Practice in Perinatal and Neonatal Medicine
This article makes a case for cluster-randomized trials to encourage evidence-based practice in medical care. The case rests on theoretical, empirical, and methodological grounds. To illustrate, we describe two recent studies. The first trial, with participation by 27 tertiary care hospitals, concerned methods to encourage a relatively simple, low-cost therapy for women in premature labor. A significant effect was seen in intervention hospitals o…
Online Diaries for Qualitative Evaluation
Interactive online diaries are a novel approach for evaluating project implementation and provide real-time communication between evaluation staff members and those implementing a program. Evaluation teams can guide the lines of inquiry and ensure that data are captured as implementation develops. When used together with conventional evaluation strategies, interactive online diaries allow for an in-depth understanding of project implementation, a…
Psychology (28 obras) · Political science (20 obras) · Evaluation and Performance Assessment (18 obras) · Computer Science (17 obras) · Medicine (15 obras) · Engineering (14 obras) · Sociology (14 obras) · Health Policy Implementation Science (11 obras) · Management science (9 obras) · Nursing (9 obras)