Matthew Davies
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 223371 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Matthew Davies |
| PRENOMES | Matthew |
| SOBRENOME | Davies |
| ASSINATURA | DAVIES M |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of Cambridge |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-9740-0622 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 39 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 177 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 38 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 1 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1996 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 8 |
Craftivist zine-making with foundation doctors as medical humanities inquiry
This is a craftivist (ie, craft-activist) methodological inquiry which uses zine-making to explore the experiences of a small group of National Health Service (NHS) foundation doctors in the south-west of England. Foundation doctors undertake a 2-year training programme, comprising rotating medical and surgical internships and advanced training, before receiving their full medical licence from the General Medical Council. Drawing on arts-based re…
A space at the table? Global challenges and contemporary archaeology as plural transdisciplinary design for the future
Archaeologists often proclaim that they have much to contribute to the ‘global challenges’ of the twenty-first century, yet they find little space at the policymaking table. In this debate article, the authors argue that archaeologists seeking practical relevance must start with a critical, expanded understanding of the contemporary, including how communities, stakeholders and complex policy structures operate to navigate unfolding socioecologica…
Four challenges for usable/applied archaeologies
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Guilds and Companies in London, 1200–1700
London’s crafts and guilds (often better known as ‘livery companies’) have featured frequently in articles published in The London Journal over its fifty-year history. This reflects a longstanding
Shifting oversight
This study analyzes the evolution of police performance management (PM) in England and Wales from 1979 to 2023 using the punctuated equilibrium model of organizational evolution. Through an analysis of four successive Governments, we identify three major shifts in the approach to police PM. We argue that continued changes to PM systems, frameworks, and cultures have led to a move from a centrally driven performance management agenda to a more fra…
Fenscapes
The Fenscapes project investigates trajectories of landscape, habitat and species change in the Fens of eastern England from the Neolithic to the present, with the aim to build self-reflective understandings of land-use and wetland management. Yet underlying biases exist in data patterning linked to burial depth and archaeological practice
A scoping review
Workplace injury and illness represent a considerable burden in terms of health, psychosocial and economic costs for employees and employers alike. Timely access to workers' compensation requires easy-to-understand and comprehensive information and resources. A scoping review sought to explore where Australian workers access information on workers' compensation, their knowledge and understanding of the system, and their communication preferences.…
Prosperity in the Twenty-First Century
Emergent prosperity, time and design
Reflections on applying behavioural insights to crime
Behavioural science has made significant contributions to public policy over the last decade from tax compliance to pensions and energy use. However, behavioural insights (BI) have not yet been able to claim significant policy shifts in the area of crime, despite increasing interest and experimentation. This paper offers a critical reflection on the state of BI and crime from the perspective of those who have been at the forefront of this work si…
John Sutton (1937–2023)
It is with great sorrow that we mark the death of John Sutton aged 86 on 2 October 2023 in hospital in Oxford. He was surrounded by close family and friends at the end. John was a legendary figure
Ecological Knowledge of indigenous plants among the Marakwet Community (Embobut Basin), Elgeyo Marakwet County (Kenya)
Background: Sustainable utilization and conservation of indigenous plants requires information on the Indigenous Ecological Knowledge (IEK). This study assessed IEK on plant species identification, use and management of indigenous non-medicinal plants among the Marakwet Community in Embobut Basin in Kenya, which has a wealth of such knowledge.Methods: Plant inventories for this study were done through interviews with seven elders from the Marakwe…
Sufurias cannot bring blessings
Drawing on fieldwork conducted over multiple seasons between 2012 and 2015, this paper explores aspects of the socio-economic and political history of the Marakwet of Kenya. It does so by focusing on a particular material culture category – pottery – and tracing transformations in its production, use and exchange over several generations from the early twentieth century to the present day. This approach serves to unearth a series of personal and …
The archaeology of South Sudan from c. 3000 BC to AD 1500
This paper reviews the current state of archaeological research within the boundaries of the modern country of South Sudan, with a particular focus on the period between c. 3000 BC and AD 1500. While various historical factors and more recent political unrest have long stymied concerted archaeological efforts in the region, such surveys as have been undertaken are summarised and synthesised here, most notably the four expeditions funded by the Br…
Grinding-stone implements in the eastern African Pastoral Neolithic
Grinding-stone tools are a poorly utilised source of archaeological information in eastern Africa. Their presence is noted in multiple contexts, including both domestic and funerary, yet the inferences drawn from them are often limited. This short review paper presents existing information on grinding-stone tools (and stone bowls) from Pastoral Neolithic (PN) contexts in eastern Africa. Data on the diverse grinding-stone tool assemblages of the P…
An examination of the effects on crime of switching off street lighting
Prior reviews suggest that improving street lighting leads to a decrease in offending, but little is known about the effects of switching off street lighting. The present research investigates the effects of switching off street lighting in Maldon, Essex, by comparing police-recorded crime rates before and after, in Maldon and in the adjacent area of Braintree, Essex. After street lighting was switched off, burglary and vehicle crime increased re…
Exploring the transferability and applicability of gang evaluation methodologies to counter-violent radicalisation
Through a targeted literature review and comparative analysis, this report examines the transferable lessons that can be drawn from evaluations of gang interventions and applied to the development of evaluation practice in the field of counter violent extremism (CVE), where robust and rigorous evaluations are not yet the norm. It also demonstrates that in some areas, CVE research might offer useful insights to inform future gang evaluations.
Back to the Grindstone? The Archaeological Potential of Grinding-Stone Studies in Africa with Reference to Contemporary Grinding Practices in Marakwet, Northwest Kenya
This article presents observations on grinding-stone implements and their uses in Elgeyo-Marakwet County, northwest Kenya. Tool use in Marakwet is contextualized with a select overview of literature on grinding-stones in Africa. Grinding-stones in Marakwet are incorporated not only into quotidian but also into more performative and ritual aspects of life. These tools have distinct local traditions laden with social as well as functional importanc…
Understanding the Experience of Parents with a Diagnosis of Borderline Personality Disorder
ObjectiveA parental diagnosis of borderline personality disorder has been associated with high levels of parenting distress and greater risk of psychopathology and psychosocial issues among their children. The aim of the present study was to investigate the experience of parents who have a diagnosis of borderline personality disorder and their perceptions regarding access to appropriate parenting supports and resources.MethodsEleven mothers and o…
Landscape, time and cultural resilience
The Marakwet and Pokot communities of northwest Kenya are keen farmers, known notably for their creation of extensive pre-colonial irrigation networks. Over the last century both communities have been subjected to a range of external agricultural interventions but Marakwet and Pokot farming remains largely based on practices with a deeper history. We argue, however, that this continuity through time also masks smaller-scale innovations, movements…
Economic Specialisation, Resource Variability, and the Origins of Intensive Agriculture in Eastern Africa
In Eastern Africa contrasting ecological zones within relatively short distances encourage economic specialisations which are reliant upon one another. Connections between different economic groups are facilitated by a variety of institutionalised networks that encourage the movement of both goods and people across boundaries. The role of livestock as essential capital ensures a strong impetus to increase agricultural production for exchange whil…
Women, marketplaces and exchange partners amongst the Marakwet of northwest Kenya
Based on recent fieldwork, this paper examines the intersecting economic activities of Marakwet women in northwest Kenya with a particular focus on exchange friendships. We highlight the need to expand previous definitions of tilia, based on male exchange of livestock, to include a variety of exchange friendships including those between women. Through investigating women's economic activities in local marketplaces, we demonstrate that marketplace…
Development of the Valuing Questionnaire (VQ)
Revisiting the irrigated agricultural landscape of the Marakwet, Kenya
This paper revisits previous work on the irrigated agricultural landscape of the Marakwet of Kenya and presents this alongside the results of new interdisciplinary archaeological and anthropological analyses that address the temporal dynamism of Marakwet farming technologies in relation to both endogenous and exogamous developments. In particular, it presents a major new re-mapping of the Marakwet irrigation system and higher-resolution analysis …
Don't water down your theory. Why we should all embrace materiality but not material determinism
As an archaeologist who 'works' with water, my experience has largely focused on the historical ecology of water management within agricultural landscapes (particularly in Eastern Africa) and I have only just begun to think about the broader materiality of water itself, but in this context I find Strang's essay thought-provoking and extremely useful with a great deal to commend. If I read it correctly, Strang's key premise is that water is 'good …
Wittfogel's dilemma
Both ethnographic and archaeological studies have been used to critique Wittfogel's hydraulic theory. These, however, often present data that are contradictory and in need of reformulation. In particular, while ethnographic studies emphasize the management of irrigation in the absence of both socio-political hierarchies and marked social stratification, archaeologists continue to see irrigation agriculture as a key influence on the development of…
Some Thoughts on a ‘Useable’ African Archaeology
Landscape, time and cultural resilience
The Marakwet and Pokot communities of northwest Kenya are keen farmers, known notably for their creation of extensive pre-colonial irrigation networks. Over the last century both communities have been subjected to a range of external agricultural interventions but Marakwet and Pokot farming remains largely based on practices with a deeper history. We argue, however, that this continuity through time also masks smaller-scale innovations, movements…
The irrigation system of the Pokot, northwest Kenya
Archaeological survey in the Wei wei Valley, West Pokot District, Kenya was undertaken between January 2006 and April 2007 with the aim of assessing the history and development of the indigenous, precolonial, irrigation system of the agricultural Pokot and its associated settlement pattern. Fifty-nine contemporary and thirteen abandoned irrigation furrows were mapped with GPS and oral data collected concerning their construction, management and h…
An applied archaeological and anthropological study of intensive agriculture in the Northern Cherangani Hills, Kenya
Revisiting the irrigated agricultural landscape of the Marakwet, Kenya
This paper revisits previous work on the irrigated agricultural landscape of the Marakwet of Kenya and presents this alongside the results of new interdisciplinary archaeological and anthropological analyses that address the temporal dynamism of Marakwet farming technologies in relation to both endogenous and exogamous developments. In particular, it presents a major new re-mapping of the Marakwet irrigation system and higher-resolution analysis …
Economic Specialisation, Resource Variability, and the Origins of Intensive Agriculture in Eastern Africa
In Eastern Africa contrasting ecological zones within relatively short distances encourage economic specialisations which are reliant upon one another. Connections between different economic groups are facilitated by a variety of institutionalised networks that encourage the movement of both goods and people across boundaries. The role of livestock as essential capital ensures a strong impetus to increase agricultural production for exchange whil…
Back to the Grindstone? The Archaeological Potential of Grinding-Stone Studies in Africa with Reference to Contemporary Grinding Practices in Marakwet, Northwest Kenya
This article presents observations on grinding-stone implements and their uses in Elgeyo-Marakwet County, northwest Kenya. Tool use in Marakwet is contextualized with a select overview of literature on grinding-stones in Africa. Grinding-stones in Marakwet are incorporated not only into quotidian but also into more performative and ritual aspects of life. These tools have distinct local traditions laden with social as well as functional importanc…
Grinding-stone implements in the eastern African Pastoral Neolithic
Grinding-stone tools are a poorly utilised source of archaeological information in eastern Africa. Their presence is noted in multiple contexts, including both domestic and funerary, yet the inferences drawn from them are often limited. This short review paper presents existing information on grinding-stone tools (and stone bowls) from Pastoral Neolithic (PN) contexts in eastern Africa. Data on the diverse grinding-stone tool assemblages of the P…
Women, marketplaces and exchange partners amongst the Marakwet of northwest Kenya
Based on recent fieldwork, this paper examines the intersecting economic activities of Marakwet women in northwest Kenya with a particular focus on exchange friendships. We highlight the need to expand previous definitions of tilia, based on male exchange of livestock, to include a variety of exchange friendships including those between women. Through investigating women's economic activities in local marketplaces, we demonstrate that marketplace…
A View from the East
This article draws on the author's own research into an agricultural landscape in Pokot, north-west Kenya, to suggest new directions for interdisciplinary historical and archaeological research in southern Africa. In particular the author identifies a landscape-based historical ecology approach as potentially useful and demonstrates its application with reference to the Pokot study. Keywords: historical ecologyeastern AfricalandscapearchaeologyPo…
A Childish Culture
Street children in Makutano, northwest Kenya, form strong, stable social groups. Group activity functions through a well-defined structure involving leadership and close personal and economic relationships. This article shows how group solidarity is maintained through the sharing of a common subculture of spatial understandings, games, activities, dress, language and bodily actions. Through the group, the children experience a quality of life tha…
An examination of the effects on crime of switching off street lighting
Prior reviews suggest that improving street lighting leads to a decrease in offending, but little is known about the effects of switching off street lighting. The present research investigates the effects of switching off street lighting in Maldon, Essex, by comparing police-recorded crime rates before and after, in Maldon and in the adjacent area of Braintree, Essex. After street lighting was switched off, burglary and vehicle crime increased re…
Paralinguistic Focus on Form
A space at the table? Global challenges and contemporary archaeology as plural transdisciplinary design for the future
Archaeologists often proclaim that they have much to contribute to the ‘global challenges’ of the twenty-first century, yet they find little space at the policymaking table. In this debate article, the authors argue that archaeologists seeking practical relevance must start with a critical, expanded understanding of the contemporary, including how communities, stakeholders and complex policy structures operate to navigate unfolding socioecologica…
Sufurias cannot bring blessings
Drawing on fieldwork conducted over multiple seasons between 2012 and 2015, this paper explores aspects of the socio-economic and political history of the Marakwet of Kenya. It does so by focusing on a particular material culture category – pottery – and tracing transformations in its production, use and exchange over several generations from the early twentieth century to the present day. This approach serves to unearth a series of personal and …
Understanding the Experience of Parents with a Diagnosis of Borderline Personality Disorder
ObjectiveA parental diagnosis of borderline personality disorder has been associated with high levels of parenting distress and greater risk of psychopathology and psychosocial issues among their children. The aim of the present study was to investigate the experience of parents who have a diagnosis of borderline personality disorder and their perceptions regarding access to appropriate parenting supports and resources.MethodsEleven mothers and o…
Don't water down your theory. Why we should all embrace materiality but not material determinism
As an archaeologist who 'works' with water, my experience has largely focused on the historical ecology of water management within agricultural landscapes (particularly in Eastern Africa) and I have only just begun to think about the broader materiality of water itself, but in this context I find Strang's essay thought-provoking and extremely useful with a great deal to commend. If I read it correctly, Strang's key premise is that water is 'good …
From platforms to people
The Late Iron Age abandoned agricultural settlement of Engaruka in northern Tanzania has long drawn both popular and scholarly attention due to the size and scale of its agricultural works and its apparent size and density of settlement. Estimates of the total number of inhabitant have, nevertheless, varied dramatically. While a recent reassessment by Laulumaa (2006) has greatly enhanced the accuracy of future estimates, there are a number of fla…
The archaeology of South Sudan from c. 3000 BC to AD 1500
This paper reviews the current state of archaeological research within the boundaries of the modern country of South Sudan, with a particular focus on the period between c. 3000 BC and AD 1500. While various historical factors and more recent political unrest have long stymied concerted archaeological efforts in the region, such surveys as have been undertaken are summarised and synthesised here, most notably the four expeditions funded by the Br…
The Archaeology of Clan- and Lineage-Based Societies in Africa
This handbook provides a comprehensive and up-to-date synthesis of African archaeology, covering the entirety of the continent's past from the beginnings of human evolution to the archaeological legacy of European colonialism. As well as covering almost all periods and regions of the continent, it includes a mixture of key methodological and theoretical issues and debates, and situates the subject's contemporary practice within the discipline's h…
London Bridge
The rulers of London in the late middle ages sought to safeguard the future of their important river crossing by placing its administration in the hands of a specially created institution. By the mid-fourteenth century the Bridge House, as it became known, had been endowed with a large portfolio of properties which provided the bulk of the revenue needed for the frequent, and often urgent, repairs to London Bridge's structure: as many as 130 shop…
Lobbying Parliament
Paralinguistic Focus on Form
The irrigation system of the Pokot, northwest Kenya
Archaeological survey in the Wei wei Valley, West Pokot District, Kenya was undertaken between January 2006 and April 2007 with the aim of assessing the history and development of the indigenous, precolonial, irrigation system of the agricultural Pokot and its associated settlement pattern. Fifty-nine contemporary and thirteen abandoned irrigation furrows were mapped with GPS and oral data collected concerning their construction, management and h…
A Childish Culture
Street children in Makutano, northwest Kenya, form strong, stable social groups. Group activity functions through a well-defined structure involving leadership and close personal and economic relationships. This article shows how group solidarity is maintained through the sharing of a common subculture of spatial understandings, games, activities, dress, language and bodily actions. Through the group, the children experience a quality of life tha…
An applied archaeological and anthropological study of intensive agriculture in the Northern Cherangani Hills, Kenya
Wittfogel's dilemma
Both ethnographic and archaeological studies have been used to critique Wittfogel's hydraulic theory. These, however, often present data that are contradictory and in need of reformulation. In particular, while ethnographic studies emphasize the management of irrigation in the absence of both socio-political hierarchies and marked social stratification, archaeologists continue to see irrigation agriculture as a key influence on the development of…
From platforms to people
The Late Iron Age abandoned agricultural settlement of Engaruka in northern Tanzania has long drawn both popular and scholarly attention due to the size and scale of its agricultural works and its apparent size and density of settlement. Estimates of the total number of inhabitant have, nevertheless, varied dramatically. While a recent reassessment by Laulumaa (2006) has greatly enhanced the accuracy of future estimates, there are a number of fla…
A View from the East
This article draws on the author's own research into an agricultural landscape in Pokot, north-west Kenya, to suggest new directions for interdisciplinary historical and archaeological research in southern Africa. In particular the author identifies a landscape-based historical ecology approach as potentially useful and demonstrates its application with reference to the Pokot study. Keywords: historical ecologyeastern AfricalandscapearchaeologyPo…
O5-5.4 Maternal depressive symptoms during toddlerhood, childcare and child behaviour at age 51⁄2 years
Introduction Disentangling the effects of maternal depression in toddlerhood from concurrent maternal depression on child behaviour is difficult from previous research. Childcare may modify any effects of maternal depression on subsequent child behaviour, but this has not been investigated widely. Methods We examined the influence of maternal depressive symptoms during toddlerhood on children's behaviour at age 51⁄2 years, and investigated if for…
Some Thoughts on a ‘Useable’ African Archaeology
Stone cairns across eastern Africa
This paper collates and synthesises a wide range of reports concerning stone cairns and related structures from across eastern Africa. These features often enclose human burials and are common in many areas, but they have only ever been sporadically investigated. I attempt to arrange them into a preliminary typology and make the first steps towards a broader comparative analysis. While these features have often been referred to as monuments and i…
Ben Bowling and James Sheptycki, Global Policing
The Archaeology of Clan- and Lineage-Based Societies in Africa
This handbook provides a comprehensive and up-to-date synthesis of African archaeology, covering the entirety of the continent's past from the beginnings of human evolution to the archaeological legacy of European colonialism. As well as covering almost all periods and regions of the continent, it includes a mixture of key methodological and theoretical issues and debates, and situates the subject's contemporary practice within the discipline's h…
Development of the Valuing Questionnaire (VQ)
Revisiting the irrigated agricultural landscape of the Marakwet, Kenya
This paper revisits previous work on the irrigated agricultural landscape of the Marakwet of Kenya and presents this alongside the results of new interdisciplinary archaeological and anthropological analyses that address the temporal dynamism of Marakwet farming technologies in relation to both endogenous and exogamous developments. In particular, it presents a major new re-mapping of the Marakwet irrigation system and higher-resolution analysis …
Don't water down your theory. Why we should all embrace materiality but not material determinism
As an archaeologist who 'works' with water, my experience has largely focused on the historical ecology of water management within agricultural landscapes (particularly in Eastern Africa) and I have only just begun to think about the broader materiality of water itself, but in this context I find Strang's essay thought-provoking and extremely useful with a great deal to commend. If I read it correctly, Strang's key premise is that water is 'good …
Economic Specialisation, Resource Variability, and the Origins of Intensive Agriculture in Eastern Africa
In Eastern Africa contrasting ecological zones within relatively short distances encourage economic specialisations which are reliant upon one another. Connections between different economic groups are facilitated by a variety of institutionalised networks that encourage the movement of both goods and people across boundaries. The role of livestock as essential capital ensures a strong impetus to increase agricultural production for exchange whil…
Women, marketplaces and exchange partners amongst the Marakwet of northwest Kenya
Based on recent fieldwork, this paper examines the intersecting economic activities of Marakwet women in northwest Kenya with a particular focus on exchange friendships. We highlight the need to expand previous definitions of tilia, based on male exchange of livestock, to include a variety of exchange friendships including those between women. Through investigating women's economic activities in local marketplaces, we demonstrate that marketplace…
Understanding the Experience of Parents with a Diagnosis of Borderline Personality Disorder
ObjectiveA parental diagnosis of borderline personality disorder has been associated with high levels of parenting distress and greater risk of psychopathology and psychosocial issues among their children. The aim of the present study was to investigate the experience of parents who have a diagnosis of borderline personality disorder and their perceptions regarding access to appropriate parenting supports and resources.MethodsEleven mothers and o…
Landscape, time and cultural resilience
The Marakwet and Pokot communities of northwest Kenya are keen farmers, known notably for their creation of extensive pre-colonial irrigation networks. Over the last century both communities have been subjected to a range of external agricultural interventions but Marakwet and Pokot farming remains largely based on practices with a deeper history. We argue, however, that this continuity through time also masks smaller-scale innovations, movements…
Exploring the transferability and applicability of gang evaluation methodologies to counter-violent radicalisation
Through a targeted literature review and comparative analysis, this report examines the transferable lessons that can be drawn from evaluations of gang interventions and applied to the development of evaluation practice in the field of counter violent extremism (CVE), where robust and rigorous evaluations are not yet the norm. It also demonstrates that in some areas, CVE research might offer useful insights to inform future gang evaluations.
Back to the Grindstone? The Archaeological Potential of Grinding-Stone Studies in Africa with Reference to Contemporary Grinding Practices in Marakwet, Northwest Kenya
This article presents observations on grinding-stone implements and their uses in Elgeyo-Marakwet County, northwest Kenya. Tool use in Marakwet is contextualized with a select overview of literature on grinding-stones in Africa. Grinding-stones in Marakwet are incorporated not only into quotidian but also into more performative and ritual aspects of life. These tools have distinct local traditions laden with social as well as functional importanc…
An examination of the effects on crime of switching off street lighting
Prior reviews suggest that improving street lighting leads to a decrease in offending, but little is known about the effects of switching off street lighting. The present research investigates the effects of switching off street lighting in Maldon, Essex, by comparing police-recorded crime rates before and after, in Maldon and in the adjacent area of Braintree, Essex. After street lighting was switched off, burglary and vehicle crime increased re…
The archaeology of South Sudan from c. 3000 BC to AD 1500
This paper reviews the current state of archaeological research within the boundaries of the modern country of South Sudan, with a particular focus on the period between c. 3000 BC and AD 1500. While various historical factors and more recent political unrest have long stymied concerted archaeological efforts in the region, such surveys as have been undertaken are summarised and synthesised here, most notably the four expeditions funded by the Br…
Geography (17 obras) · Archaeology (15 obras) · Archaeology and Rock Art Studies (12 obras) · Sociology (12 obras) · Agriculture (10 obras) · History (10 obras) · Political science (10 obras) · Rangeland Management and Livestock Ecology (10 obras) · Global Maritime and Colonial Histories (9 obras) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (8 obras)