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Robert Bickers

Dados Biográficos

ID223418
NOMERobert Bickers
PRENOMESRobert
SOBRENOMEBickers
ASSINATURABICKERS R
AFILIAÇÕESUniversity of Bristol
ORCID0000-0002-3663-7658
VERIFICADOSim
TOTAL DE OBRAS39
TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES87
TOTAL COMO AUTOR34
TOTAL COMO EDITOR5
PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO1995
ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO2021
ÍNDICE H5
  • Four Lives, Two Cars, and a Colony

    Open Access•Su Lin Lewis, Robert Bickers•ARTICLE•History Workshop Journal•2021

    Prompted by the closure of archives and new ways of working during lockdown, Su Lin Lewis and Robert Bickers find an unexpected intersection in their own family histories. Photographs of their grandparents were taken a decade and a hundred miles apart but betray parallel histories of migration, war, and social aspiration amid the decolonization of Malaya and the birth of a new Malaysia. The car is a symbol of social mobility both forwards and up,…

  • Creative Dislocation

    Open Access•Robert Bickers, Tim Cole et al.•ARTICLE•History Workshop Journal•2021

    This article introduces an experiment in collaborative historical practice. It describes how six historians visited the East Devon village of Branscombe, with the aim of creatively engaging with the present and past of the village. This was a collaborative and collective act of what we term here 'creative dislocation'. By dislocating from our usual routines, subjects, places, methods, and styles, and adopting creative methods and constraints, we …

  • West Indian intellectuals in Britain

    Open Access•John Edwin Mackenzie, Andrew Thompson et al.•BOOK•West Indian Intellectuals in…•2018•Citada por: 3•Referências: 5

    Established in the belief that imperialism as a cultural phenomenon had as significant an effect on the dominant as on the subordinate societies, Studies in Imperialism seeks to develop the new socio-cultural approach which has emerged through cross-disciplinary work on popular culture, media studies, art history, the study of education and religion, sports history and children's literature.The cultural emphasis embraces studies of migration and …

  • Britain in China

    Robert Bickers, Andrew Thompson et al.•BOOK•Britain in China•2017

    The British community in China was rooted in the diverse cultures of imperial Britain. This book presents a study of Britain's presence in China both at its peak, and during its inter-war dissolution in the face of assertive Chinese nationalism and declining British diplomatic support. Using archival materials from China and records in Britain and the United States, the book presents a portrait of the traders, missionaries, businessmen, diplomats…

  • Out of China

    Open Access•Robert Bickers•BOOK•Out of China•2017

    China’s new nationalism is rooted not in its present power but in shameful memories of its former weaknesses. Invaded, humiliated, and looted by foreign powers in the past, China looks out at the twenty-first century through the lens of the past two centuries. History matters deeply to Beijing’s current rulers, and Robert Bickers explains why

  • Out of China

    Robert Bickers•BOOK•Out of China•2017

  • Treaty Ports in Modern China

    Isabella Jackson, Robert Bickers•BOOK•Treaty Ports in Modern China•2016

  • Toward integrated historical climate research

    Open Access•Rob Allan, Georgina H Endfield et al.•ARTICLE•Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews…•2016•Referências: 8

    [Article in WIREs Clim Change 2016, 7:164–174. The Nottingham based project exploring Documentary reconstructions of extreme weather events in the UK, past, present and future, is funded through the AHRC, Grant number: AH/K005782/1. 'The Snows of Yesteryear: Narrating Extreme Weather' Project, based at the University of Wales, was funded by the AHRC, award number AH/K502765/1

  • Toward integrated historical climate research

    Open Access•Rob Allan, Georgina H Endfield et al.•ARTICLE•Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews…•2016•Citada por: 6•Referências: 9

    Climate change has become a key environmental narrative of the 21st century. However, emphasis on the science of climate change has overshadowed studies focusing on human interpretations of climate history, of adaptation and resilience, and of explorations of the institutions and cultural coping strategies that may have helped people adapt to climate changes in the past. Moreover, although the idea of climate change has been subject to considerab…

  • Britain and China, 1840–1970

    Jonathan Howlett, Robert Bickers et al.•BOOK•Britain and China, 1840-1970•2015

    Introduction 1. 'The Usual Intercourse of Nations': The British in Pre-Opium War Canton John M. Carroll 2. British Intervention in the Taiping Rebellion Stephen R. Platt 3. Britain and China, and India, 1830s-1947 Robert Bickers 4. The Interest of Our Colonies Seems to Have Been Largely Overlooked: Colonial Australia and Anglo-Chinese Relations Benjamin Mountford 5. `Coolies' or `Huagong'? Conflicting British and Chinese attitudes towards Chinese…

  • Moving Stories

    Robert Bickers•ARTICLE•The Journal of Imperial &…•2014•Citada por: 2•Referências: 4

    Between 1862 and 1949, foreign communities in Shanghai memorialised in stone and bronze a pantheon of local imperial heroes, as part of a strategy to insert themselves into orthodox circuits of formal empire. The article explores this story, the history of these monuments and their contemporary legacy

  • Missionary Encounters

    Robert Bickers, Robert A Bickers et al.•BOOK•Missionary Encounters•2013•Citada por: 2

  • Infrastructural Globalization

    Open Access•Robert Bickers•ARTICLE•The Historical Journal•2013•Citada por: 3•Referências: 35

    This article calls for attention to be paid to the infrastructures that underpinned nineteenth-century globalization, and the use of better-known technological developments and global patterns of professional migration. It does so by outlining the work of the Marine Department of the Chinese Maritime Customs Service after 1868, focusing on its development of a network of lighthouses along the coast of China in its political and comparative contex…

  • Incubator City

    Open Access•Robert Bickers•ARTICLE•Journal of Urban History•2012

    Shanghai’s peculiar status between 1842 and 1943, its sovereignty degraded in key ways, meant that it gave sanctuary to, and spawned, a wide range of nationalist activity and counteractivity. This essay examines five different layers of activity that the city hosted, and spawned, and explores how they interacted, and touches also on their legacies. It outlines the three key factors that gave shape to the city and to its overt and covert political…

  • The Challenger

    Open Access•Robert Bickers•ARTICLE•Transactions of the Royal…•2012•Citada por: 4•Referências: 7

    This paper explores the life and activities of Hugh Hamilton Lindsay (1802–81), an East India Company official who worked at Canton from 1820. Lindsay's is a key voice in the challenge to the Company's policies in China on the cusp of the abolition of its monopoly, and to British policy on the eve of the first ‘Opium War’ with the empire of the Qing. Lindsay first made his mark on Sino-British relations by leading a covert East India Company fora…

  • The Scramble for China

    Robert Bickers•BOOK•Scramble for China•2011

    In the early nineteenth century China remained almost untouched by British and European powers - but as new technology started to change this balance, foreigners gathered like wolves around the weakening Qing Empire. Would the Chinese suffer the fate of much of the rest of the world, carved into pieces by Europeans? Or could they adapt rapidly enough to maintain their independence? This important and compelling book explains the roots of China's …

  • British Travel Writing From China in the Nineteenth Century

    Robert Bickers•ARTICLE•Journal of the Economic and…•2011

    Review article

  • Introduction

    Robert Bickers•CHAPTER•Settlers and expatriates•2010

  • Global Shanghai, 1850–2010

    Robert Bickers•ARTICLE•The Journal of Imperial &…•2010•Citada por: 4

    Global Shanghai, 1850–2010: A History in Fragments Jeffrey N. Wasserstrom Abingdon and New York, Routledge, 2009 vi + 170 pp., ISBN13: 978-0-415-21327-1 (£90.00 hardback) Shanghai has long been see...

  • Settlers and expatriates Britons over the seas

    Robert Bickers, Robert A Bickers•BOOK•Settlers and expatriates•2010•Citada por: 15

    The British Empire gave rise to various new forms of British identity in the colonial world outside the Dominions. In cities and colonies, and in sovereign states subject to more informal pressures such as Argentina or China, communities of Britons developed identities inflected by local ambitions and pressures. As a result they often found themselves at loggerheads with their diplomatic or colonial office minders, especially in the era of decolo…

  • May Days in Hong Kong

    Robert Bickers, Ray Yep•BOOK•May Days in Hong Kong•2009

    In this study of the anti-colonial riots which erupted in Hong Kong in May 1967, the authors shed new light on their causes, their impact on future government policy and on Sino-British relations, and their legacy for Hong Kong society and governance, and the people of the territory

  • May Days in Hong Kong

    Robert Bickers, Ray Yep•BOOK•May Days in Hong Kong•2009

    In this study of the anti-colonial riots which erupted in Hong Kong in May 1967, the authors of May Days in Hong Kong shed new light on their causes, their impact on future government policy and on Sino-British relations, and their legacy for Hong Kong society and governance, and the people of the territory. This is the first sustained exploration of the anti-colonial campaign that was inspired by the Cultural Revolution in China, recent events i…

  • The Chinese Maritime Customs at War, 1941–45

    Robert Bickers•ARTICLE•The Journal of Imperial &…•2008•Citada por: 4•Referências: 5

    The origins of the Foreign Inspectorate of the Chinese Maritime Customs are well known; the succession crises after Inspector Generals Hart and Aglen well covered in the literature; and the Maze Inspectorate has received a good deal of attention. However, one significant feature of the newly opened Inspectorate Archives is the weight of post-1937 material it contains, and the light it can throw upon the administration of Lester Knox Little, inspe…

  • Revisiting the Chinese Maritime Customs Service, 1854–1950

    Robert Bickers•ARTICLE•The Journal of Imperial &…•2008•Citada por: 5•Referências: 2

    Could the range of interaction between the British Empire and China have been any wider? The British establishment in China encompassed a Crown Colony and leased territories, British-administered c

  • Empire Made Me

    Robert Bickers

    The empire world before Shanghai Shanghai 1919 the Shanghai Municipal Police Shanghai detective learning to be a man the end of the good old China what we can't know adrift in the empire world empire's civil dead aftermath we are the dead.

Próximo
  • Missionary Encounters

    Paul R Dekar, Robert Bickers et al.•ARTICLE•The International Journal of…•1999•Citada por: 18

    Describes the exceptional wealth of missionary archives and the major contributions they can make not only to the study of the processes of Christian evangelism and Western imperialism but also their value in documenting and analysing the nature of Western encounters with indigenous societies

  • Settlers and expatriates Britons over the seas

    Robert Bickers, Robert A Bickers•BOOK•Settlers and expatriates•2010•Citada por: 15

    The British Empire gave rise to various new forms of British identity in the colonial world outside the Dominions. In cities and colonies, and in sovereign states subject to more informal pressures such as Argentina or China, communities of Britons developed identities inflected by local ambitions and pressures. As a result they often found themselves at loggerheads with their diplomatic or colonial office minders, especially in the era of decolo…

  • Shanghailanders

    Robert Bickers•ARTICLE•Past & Present•1998•Citada por: 12

  • Toward integrated historical climate research

    Open Access•Rob Allan, Georgina H Endfield et al.•ARTICLE•Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews…•2016•Citada por: 6•Referências: 9

    Climate change has become a key environmental narrative of the 21st century. However, emphasis on the science of climate change has overshadowed studies focusing on human interpretations of climate history, of adaptation and resilience, and of explorations of the institutions and cultural coping strategies that may have helped people adapt to climate changes in the past. Moreover, although the idea of climate change has been subject to considerab…

  • Revisiting the Chinese Maritime Customs Service, 1854–1950

    Robert Bickers•ARTICLE•The Journal of Imperial &…•2008•Citada por: 5•Referências: 2

    Could the range of interaction between the British Empire and China have been any wider? The British establishment in China encompassed a Crown Colony and leased territories, British-administered c

  • Purloined letters

    Open Access•Robert Bickers•ARTICLE•Modern Asian Studies•2006•Citada por: 5•Referências: 1

    For John King Fairbank the establishment of the foreign inspectorate of the Chinese Maritime Customs Service was a key symbolic moment in modern Chinese history. His landmark 1953 volume Trade and Diplomacy on the China Coast culminates with the 1854 Inspectorate agreement, which, he argued, 'foreshadowed the eventual compromise between China and the West-a joint Chinese and Western administration of the modern centers of Chinese life and trade i…

  • The Challenger

    Open Access•Robert Bickers•ARTICLE•Transactions of the Royal…•2012•Citada por: 4•Referências: 7

    This paper explores the life and activities of Hugh Hamilton Lindsay (1802–81), an East India Company official who worked at Canton from 1820. Lindsay's is a key voice in the challenge to the Company's policies in China on the cusp of the abolition of its monopoly, and to British policy on the eve of the first ‘Opium War’ with the empire of the Qing. Lindsay first made his mark on Sino-British relations by leading a covert East India Company fora…

  • Global Shanghai, 1850–2010

    Robert Bickers•ARTICLE•The Journal of Imperial &…•2010•Citada por: 4

    Global Shanghai, 1850–2010: A History in Fragments Jeffrey N. Wasserstrom Abingdon and New York, Routledge, 2009 vi + 170 pp., ISBN13: 978-0-415-21327-1 (£90.00 hardback) Shanghai has long been see...

  • The Chinese Maritime Customs at War, 1941–45

    Robert Bickers•ARTICLE•The Journal of Imperial &…•2008•Citada por: 4•Referências: 5

    The origins of the Foreign Inspectorate of the Chinese Maritime Customs are well known; the succession crises after Inspector Generals Hart and Aglen well covered in the literature; and the Maze Inspectorate has received a good deal of attention. However, one significant feature of the newly opened Inspectorate Archives is the weight of post-1937 material it contains, and the light it can throw upon the administration of Lester Knox Little, inspe…

  • West Indian intellectuals in Britain

    Open Access•John Edwin Mackenzie, Andrew Thompson et al.•BOOK•West Indian Intellectuals in…•2018•Citada por: 3•Referências: 5

    Established in the belief that imperialism as a cultural phenomenon had as significant an effect on the dominant as on the subordinate societies, Studies in Imperialism seeks to develop the new socio-cultural approach which has emerged through cross-disciplinary work on popular culture, media studies, art history, the study of education and religion, sports history and children's literature.The cultural emphasis embraces studies of migration and …

  • Infrastructural Globalization

    Open Access•Robert Bickers•ARTICLE•The Historical Journal•2013•Citada por: 3•Referências: 35

    This article calls for attention to be paid to the infrastructures that underpinned nineteenth-century globalization, and the use of better-known technological developments and global patterns of professional migration. It does so by outlining the work of the Marine Department of the Chinese Maritime Customs Service after 1868, focusing on its development of a network of lighthouses along the coast of China in its political and comparative contex…

  • Moving Stories

    Robert Bickers•ARTICLE•The Journal of Imperial &…•2014•Citada por: 2•Referências: 4

    Between 1862 and 1949, foreign communities in Shanghai memorialised in stone and bronze a pantheon of local imperial heroes, as part of a strategy to insert themselves into orthodox circuits of formal empire. The article explores this story, the history of these monuments and their contemporary legacy

  • Missionary Encounters

    Robert Bickers, Robert A Bickers et al.•BOOK•Missionary Encounters•2013•Citada por: 2

  • Maritime Empires

    Open Access•P E Lovejoy, David Richardson et al.•BOOK•Maritime Empires•2004•Citada por: 2

    Britain's empire was sustained by shipping. These studies are concerned with a range of enterprises, both home and colonial, in which shipping was involved, relating to goods, people, ideas

  • Death of a Young Shanghailander

    Open Access•Robert Bickers, R A Bickers•ARTICLE•Modern Asian Studies•1996•Citada por: 2•Referências: 10

    On June 4th 1931 theNorth China Daily News-the principal British owned English-language newspaper in Shanghai published a small report on page 12 headed 'Alleged crime by foreigner: Shooting affair on the Nanking railway: Held by military authorities' This went on to state a Russian had been arrested for the murder of two Chinese gendarmes on the 1st of June at 10pm. He had been challenged as a prelude to a search but had fired on them and escape…

  • Shanghai's “Dogs and Chinese Not Admitted” Sign

    Open Access•Robert Bickers, Robert A Bickers et al.•ARTICLE•The China Quarterly•1995

    This article examines the potency and persistence of myth and language in the context of the dispute, now over 80 years old, about the officially-sanctioned wording of regulations in the municipal parks of foreign-administered Shanghai. Specifically, it examines the potent symbol of the sign placed in Shanghai's Huangpu Park that allegedly read: “Chinese and Dogs Not Admitted.” This symbol has secured a totemic position in the historiography of t…

  • Coolie work”

    Open Access•Robert Bickers, Robert A Bickers•ARTICLE•Journal of the Royal Asiatic…•1995•Referências: 2

    Surprisingly, the history of Chinese studies in Britain has received little academic attention. In fact, its development in the twentieth century, and its problems and lack of world standing actually tell us much about the background to Sino-British relations, and especially about the resources available to enable those interested, for professional, business, evangelical or plainly academic reasons, to understand China and the Chinese. British si…

  • Ritual and Diplomacy

    Robert Bickers, Robert A Bickers•ARTICLE•Journal of the American Oriental…•1995

  • Death of a Young Shanghailander

    Open Access•Robert Bickers, R A Bickers•ARTICLE•Modern Asian Studies•1996•Citada por: 2•Referências: 10

    On June 4th 1931 theNorth China Daily News-the principal British owned English-language newspaper in Shanghai published a small report on page 12 headed 'Alleged crime by foreigner: Shooting affair on the Nanking railway: Held by military authorities' This went on to state a Russian had been arrested for the murder of two Chinese gendarmes on the 1st of June at 10pm. He had been challenged as a prelude to a search but had fired on them and escape…

  • Shanghailanders

    Robert Bickers•ARTICLE•Past & Present•1998•Citada por: 12

  • Missionary Encounters

    Paul R Dekar, Robert Bickers et al.•ARTICLE•The International Journal of…•1999•Citada por: 18

    Describes the exceptional wealth of missionary archives and the major contributions they can make not only to the study of the processes of Christian evangelism and Western imperialism but also their value in documenting and analysing the nature of Western encounters with indigenous societies

  • New Frontiers

    Andrew Thompson, John M Mackenzie et al.•BOOK•New Frontiers•2000

    Examines European, American and Japanese communities in China and Korea, and challenges received notions of agency and collaboration by also looking at the roles in China of British and Japanese colonial subjects from Korea, Taiwan and India, and at Chinese Christians and White Russian refugees

  • New Frontiers

    Bill Sewell, Robert Bickers et al.•ARTICLE•Pacific Affairs•2001

  • Maritime Empires

    Open Access•P E Lovejoy, David Richardson et al.•BOOK•Maritime Empires•2004•Citada por: 2

    Britain's empire was sustained by shipping. These studies are concerned with a range of enterprises, both home and colonial, in which shipping was involved, relating to goods, people, ideas

  • Purloined letters

    Open Access•Robert Bickers•ARTICLE•Modern Asian Studies•2006•Citada por: 5•Referências: 1

    For John King Fairbank the establishment of the foreign inspectorate of the Chinese Maritime Customs Service was a key symbolic moment in modern Chinese history. His landmark 1953 volume Trade and Diplomacy on the China Coast culminates with the 1854 Inspectorate agreement, which, he argued, 'foreshadowed the eventual compromise between China and the West-a joint Chinese and Western administration of the modern centers of Chinese life and trade i…

  • Looting and Its Discontents

    Robert Bickers, R G Tiedemann•CHAPTER•The Boxers, China, and the World•2007

  • The Boxers, China, and the World

    Robert Bickers, R G Tiedemann•BOOK•The Boxers, China, and the World•2007

    In 1900, China chose to take on imperialism by fighting a war with the world on the parched north China plain. This multidisciplinary volume explores the causes behind what is now known as the Boxer War, examining its particular cruelties and its impact on China, foreign imperialism in China, and on the foreign imagination. This war introduced the world to the "Boxers," the seemingly fanatical, violent xenophobes who, believing themselves invulne…

  • Transforming Frank Peasgood. Family Photographs and Shanghai Narratives

    Robert Bickers•ARTICLE•European Journal of East Asian…•2007

    What narratives can be fashioned by the historian from visual documents, and how might this relate to the narrative intention of those who created them? This paper explores the handful of surviving photographs recording the career of a British member of the Shanghai Municipal Police between 1929 and 1943. War and internment destroyed most of the visual records that former coalminer Frank Peasgood had collected during his police service, saving on…

  • Paul Cohen, the Boxers, and Alfred, Lord Tennyson

    Robert Bickers•ARTICLE•The Chinese Historical Review•2007

  • The Chinese Maritime Customs at War, 1941–45

    Robert Bickers•ARTICLE•The Journal of Imperial &…•2008•Citada por: 4•Referências: 5

    The origins of the Foreign Inspectorate of the Chinese Maritime Customs are well known; the succession crises after Inspector Generals Hart and Aglen well covered in the literature; and the Maze Inspectorate has received a good deal of attention. However, one significant feature of the newly opened Inspectorate Archives is the weight of post-1937 material it contains, and the light it can throw upon the administration of Lester Knox Little, inspe…

  • Revisiting the Chinese Maritime Customs Service, 1854–1950

    Robert Bickers•ARTICLE•The Journal of Imperial &…•2008•Citada por: 5•Referências: 2

    Could the range of interaction between the British Empire and China have been any wider? The British establishment in China encompassed a Crown Colony and leased territories, British-administered c

  • May Days in Hong Kong

    Robert Bickers, Ray Yep•BOOK•May Days in Hong Kong•2009

    In this study of the anti-colonial riots which erupted in Hong Kong in May 1967, the authors shed new light on their causes, their impact on future government policy and on Sino-British relations, and their legacy for Hong Kong society and governance, and the people of the territory

  • May Days in Hong Kong

    Robert Bickers, Ray Yep•BOOK•May Days in Hong Kong•2009

    In this study of the anti-colonial riots which erupted in Hong Kong in May 1967, the authors of May Days in Hong Kong shed new light on their causes, their impact on future government policy and on Sino-British relations, and their legacy for Hong Kong society and governance, and the people of the territory. This is the first sustained exploration of the anti-colonial campaign that was inspired by the Cultural Revolution in China, recent events i…

  • Introduction

    Robert Bickers•CHAPTER•Settlers and expatriates•2010

  • Global Shanghai, 1850–2010

    Robert Bickers•ARTICLE•The Journal of Imperial &…•2010•Citada por: 4

    Global Shanghai, 1850–2010: A History in Fragments Jeffrey N. Wasserstrom Abingdon and New York, Routledge, 2009 vi + 170 pp., ISBN13: 978-0-415-21327-1 (£90.00 hardback) Shanghai has long been see...

  • Settlers and expatriates Britons over the seas

    Robert Bickers, Robert A Bickers•BOOK•Settlers and expatriates•2010•Citada por: 15

    The British Empire gave rise to various new forms of British identity in the colonial world outside the Dominions. In cities and colonies, and in sovereign states subject to more informal pressures such as Argentina or China, communities of Britons developed identities inflected by local ambitions and pressures. As a result they often found themselves at loggerheads with their diplomatic or colonial office minders, especially in the era of decolo…

  • The Scramble for China

    Robert Bickers•BOOK•Scramble for China•2011

    In the early nineteenth century China remained almost untouched by British and European powers - but as new technology started to change this balance, foreigners gathered like wolves around the weakening Qing Empire. Would the Chinese suffer the fate of much of the rest of the world, carved into pieces by Europeans? Or could they adapt rapidly enough to maintain their independence? This important and compelling book explains the roots of China's …

  • British Travel Writing From China in the Nineteenth Century

    Robert Bickers•ARTICLE•Journal of the Economic and…•2011

    Review article

  • Incubator City

    Open Access•Robert Bickers•ARTICLE•Journal of Urban History•2012

    Shanghai’s peculiar status between 1842 and 1943, its sovereignty degraded in key ways, meant that it gave sanctuary to, and spawned, a wide range of nationalist activity and counteractivity. This essay examines five different layers of activity that the city hosted, and spawned, and explores how they interacted, and touches also on their legacies. It outlines the three key factors that gave shape to the city and to its overt and covert political…

  • The Challenger

    Open Access•Robert Bickers•ARTICLE•Transactions of the Royal…•2012•Citada por: 4•Referências: 7

    This paper explores the life and activities of Hugh Hamilton Lindsay (1802–81), an East India Company official who worked at Canton from 1820. Lindsay's is a key voice in the challenge to the Company's policies in China on the cusp of the abolition of its monopoly, and to British policy on the eve of the first ‘Opium War’ with the empire of the Qing. Lindsay first made his mark on Sino-British relations by leading a covert East India Company fora…

History (34 obras) · Political science (28 obras) · China (23 obras) · Law (23 obras) · Chinese history and philosophy (15 obras) · Geography (15 obras) · History (15 obras) · Ancient history (14 obras) · Archaeology (13 obras) · Economic history (12 obras)

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