Peter French
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 223980 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Peter French |
| PRENOMES | Peter |
| SOBRENOME | French |
| ASSINATURA | FRENCH P |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of York |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-7124-8896 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 26 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 76 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 26 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1963 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2023 |
| ÍNDICE H | 3 |
Speaker-specificity in speech production
This study examines the extent to which speaker-specific information is encoded in different features of vocal output and the relationships between those features. A range of acoustic features, grouped as source (laryngeal voice quality measures and fundamental frequency) and filter features (formants and Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients; MFCCs), were extracted from the vocalic portion of the hesitation marker um for 90 male speakers of Standa…
Jack Windsor Lewis (7 August 1926–11 July 2021)
It is with great sadness that I report to IAFPA and IAFLL members and other col leagues the death of IAFPA Founder Member, Jack Windsor Lewis, aged 94 years.In the early days of IAFPA -or IAFP as it then was -Jack was an active partici pant at annual conferences and regularly undertook forensic casework, acting as an adviser to police officers, independent legal firms and appearing in courts as an expert witness.He was noted for his warm good hum…
Assessing the effects of accent-mismatched reference population databases on the performance of an automatic speaker recognition system
Automatic Speaker Recognition (ASR) systems are designed to provide the user with statistics relating to the similarity of two or more speech samples and to the typicality of those shared features in the wider population. When an ASR system is used as part of a forensic investigation, the user must decide what counts as the appropriate ‘wider population’ and select a reference database accordingly. While it has generally been held that the voices…
International practices in forensic speaker comparisons
A survey relating to current practices in forensic speaker comparison testing was recently undertaken of 39 laboratories and individual practitioners across 23 countries. Questions were organised around a number of themes, including the preliminary assessment and preparation of case materials, the checking of analysts’ work, frameworks used for the expression of conclusions, the use of automatic speaker recognition systems, the use of reference p…
Vowel change across time, space, and conversational topic
This study focuses on speakers who continue to use forms that are recessive in a community, and the phonological and conversational contexts in which recessive forms persist. Use of a local, recessive form is explored across males from four ex-mining communities in Northeast England. Older speakers, who lived in the area when the mines were open, frequently produce the localized variant of the mouth vowel, especially in speech produced during con…
The use of the Vocal Profile Analysis for speaker characterization
Among phoneticians, the Vocal Profile Analysis (VPA) is one of the most widely used methods for the componential assessment of voice quality. Whether the ultimate goal of the VPA evaluation is the comparative description of languages or the characterization of an individual speaker, the VPA protocol shows great potential for different research areas of speech communication. However, its use is not without practical difficulties. Despite these, me…
Sub-regional ‘other-accent’ effects on lay listeners’ speaker identification abilities
Previous studies have shown that listeners perform worse in speaker identification experiments when they are unfamiliar with the accents of the speakers. Such effects have been documented for listeners hearing unfamiliar foreign languages (language familiarity effect) and unfamiliar regional accents (‘other-accent’ effect). The present study investigates the ‘other-accent’ effect at a sub-regional level. Listeners from three different localities …
Clicking behavior as a possible speaker discriminant in English
This study examines the potential of frequency of clicking (the production of velaric ingressive stops) as a possible basis for discriminating among speakers of English by forensic phoneticians. From analyses of clicking behavior among 100 young male speakers of Standard Southern British English (SSBE) recorded in two interactional tasks, it concludes that, contrary to the view of some forensic practitioners, the majority of speakers - of this la…
International Practices in Forensic Speaker Comparison
The results of the first international survey on forensic speaker comparison practices are presented in this paper. Thirty-six experts from 13 countries and 5 continents responded to a series of questions concerning their practices in casework. Despite the responses revealing a range of differences, there is nevertheless a reasonably strong convergence with respect to the importance assigned to particular speech features, methodology and choice o…
The UK position statement on forensic speaker comparison; a rejoinder to Rose and Morrison
R v John Samuel Humble
Between October 1975 and November 1980 13 murders were committed by the same man, Peter Sutcliffe, in the northern English towns and cities of Leeds, Bradford, Huddersfield and Manchester. The killings, which became known as the ‘Yorkshire Ripper’ murders, were of women, aged between 16 and 47, most of whom were prostitutes. The astonishingly long time for which the killer remained unidentified and active was undoubtedly at least in part attribut…
Commentaries/Responses
Over recent years a number of UK forensic speech scientists have become concerned about the framework in which conclusions are typically expressed in forensic speaker comparison cases. The issues for speech science came into sharp relief in the wake of an Appeal Court ruling (R -v- Doheny & Adams [1996]) which concluded that at an initial trial DNA findings were presented in a way that gave undue weight to the evidence. The particular approach to…
The changing nature of, and approaches to, UK coastal management at the start of the twenty-first century
As we enter the twenty-first century, effective coastal management will become more of a central issue for coastal users and governors alike. The new century sees the review of many of the UK's existing management plans, and the subsequent publication of revised versions. Some of these new editions will have to show changes from their predecessors because of natural processes of erosion and accretion, yet other changes will be because of human in…
Farain, Tell el
Mr. Akbar's nearest ear versus the Lombard reflex
This report describes a case where the author used a method known as the 'Lombard reflex' by which a speaker's performance on a semmingly inaccessible phonetic parameter (loudness) was assessed obliquely via his performance on another, directly assessible, parameter, (pitch)
Geographies of Responsibility
Fieldwork, 1995-6
Lisa Giddy, David Jeffreys, Janine Bourriau, Paul T. Nicholson, H. S. Smith, Barry Kemp, Peter French, Valerie A. Maxfield, David Peacock, Pamela Rose, Fieldwork, 1995-6: Memphis, Saqqara, North Saqqara, Tell el-Amarna, Buto, Gebel Dokhan, Qasr Ibrim, The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology, Vol. 82 (1996), pp. 1-22
Buto
An overview of forensic phonetics with particular reference to speaker identification
The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the work currently being carried out by forensic phoneticians, particularly in relation to speaker identification. Given the essentially catholic readership of Forensic Linguistics - general linguists, phoneticians and lawyers - it is intended to provide a basic introduction to the development of the field and to some of the working methods and principles that forensic phoneticians currentl…
Egyptian Pottery
Adult-Child Conversation
Turn-competitive incomings
Analysing Children's Talk
(1982). Analysing Children's Talk: a response to Joan Tough's review of Learning Through Interaction. British Journal of Sociology of Education: Vol. 3, No. 3, pp. 313-317
Learning through Interaction
There have been many studies of children learning to talk, but perhaps none as comprehensive - in terms of the number of children involved, the period of continuous observation and the scope of the analysis - as the Bristol Study of Language Development. This is the first full-length volume to be written by members of the research team and it is a fundamental study of language development from infancy to primary school. It synthesises the researc…
Teachers' questions, pupils' answers
Turn-competitive incomings
Clicking behavior as a possible speaker discriminant in English
This study examines the potential of frequency of clicking (the production of velaric ingressive stops) as a possible basis for discriminating among speakers of English by forensic phoneticians. From analyses of clicking behavior among 100 young male speakers of Standard Southern British English (SSBE) recorded in two interactional tasks, it concludes that, contrary to the view of some forensic practitioners, the majority of speakers - of this la…
The use of the Vocal Profile Analysis for speaker characterization
Among phoneticians, the Vocal Profile Analysis (VPA) is one of the most widely used methods for the componential assessment of voice quality. Whether the ultimate goal of the VPA evaluation is the comparative description of languages or the characterization of an individual speaker, the VPA protocol shows great potential for different research areas of speech communication. However, its use is not without practical difficulties. Despite these, me…
The changing nature of, and approaches to, UK coastal management at the start of the twenty-first century
As we enter the twenty-first century, effective coastal management will become more of a central issue for coastal users and governors alike. The new century sees the review of many of the UK's existing management plans, and the subsequent publication of revised versions. Some of these new editions will have to show changes from their predecessors because of natural processes of erosion and accretion, yet other changes will be because of human in…
Vowel change across time, space, and conversational topic
This study focuses on speakers who continue to use forms that are recessive in a community, and the phonological and conversational contexts in which recessive forms persist. Use of a local, recessive form is explored across males from four ex-mining communities in Northeast England. Older speakers, who lived in the area when the mines were open, frequently produce the localized variant of the mouth vowel, especially in speech produced during con…
The Long Reach
The Long Reach: A Report on Harvard Today." The Journal of Higher Education, 34(2), pp. 113–114
Learning through Interaction
There have been many studies of children learning to talk, but perhaps none as comprehensive - in terms of the number of children involved, the period of continuous observation and the scope of the analysis - as the Bristol Study of Language Development. This is the first full-length volume to be written by members of the research team and it is a fundamental study of language development from infancy to primary school. It synthesises the researc…
Teachers' questions, pupils' answers
Analysing Children's Talk
(1982). Analysing Children's Talk: a response to Joan Tough's review of Learning Through Interaction. British Journal of Sociology of Education: Vol. 3, No. 3, pp. 313-317
Adult-Child Conversation
Turn-competitive incomings
Egyptian Pottery
An overview of forensic phonetics with particular reference to speaker identification
The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the work currently being carried out by forensic phoneticians, particularly in relation to speaker identification. Given the essentially catholic readership of Forensic Linguistics - general linguists, phoneticians and lawyers - it is intended to provide a basic introduction to the development of the field and to some of the working methods and principles that forensic phoneticians currentl…
Fieldwork, 1995-6
Lisa Giddy, David Jeffreys, Janine Bourriau, Paul T. Nicholson, H. S. Smith, Barry Kemp, Peter French, Valerie A. Maxfield, David Peacock, Pamela Rose, Fieldwork, 1995-6: Memphis, Saqqara, North Saqqara, Tell el-Amarna, Buto, Gebel Dokhan, Qasr Ibrim, The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology, Vol. 82 (1996), pp. 1-22
Buto
Geographies of Responsibility
Mr. Akbar's nearest ear versus the Lombard reflex
This report describes a case where the author used a method known as the 'Lombard reflex' by which a speaker's performance on a semmingly inaccessible phonetic parameter (loudness) was assessed obliquely via his performance on another, directly assessible, parameter, (pitch)
Farain, Tell el
The changing nature of, and approaches to, UK coastal management at the start of the twenty-first century
As we enter the twenty-first century, effective coastal management will become more of a central issue for coastal users and governors alike. The new century sees the review of many of the UK's existing management plans, and the subsequent publication of revised versions. Some of these new editions will have to show changes from their predecessors because of natural processes of erosion and accretion, yet other changes will be because of human in…
R v John Samuel Humble
Between October 1975 and November 1980 13 murders were committed by the same man, Peter Sutcliffe, in the northern English towns and cities of Leeds, Bradford, Huddersfield and Manchester. The killings, which became known as the ‘Yorkshire Ripper’ murders, were of women, aged between 16 and 47, most of whom were prostitutes. The astonishingly long time for which the killer remained unidentified and active was undoubtedly at least in part attribut…
Commentaries/Responses
Over recent years a number of UK forensic speech scientists have become concerned about the framework in which conclusions are typically expressed in forensic speaker comparison cases. The issues for speech science came into sharp relief in the wake of an Appeal Court ruling (R -v- Doheny & Adams [1996]) which concluded that at an initial trial DNA findings were presented in a way that gave undue weight to the evidence. The particular approach to…
The UK position statement on forensic speaker comparison; a rejoinder to Rose and Morrison
International Practices in Forensic Speaker Comparison
The results of the first international survey on forensic speaker comparison practices are presented in this paper. Thirty-six experts from 13 countries and 5 continents responded to a series of questions concerning their practices in casework. Despite the responses revealing a range of differences, there is nevertheless a reasonably strong convergence with respect to the importance assigned to particular speech features, methodology and choice o…
Clicking behavior as a possible speaker discriminant in English
This study examines the potential of frequency of clicking (the production of velaric ingressive stops) as a possible basis for discriminating among speakers of English by forensic phoneticians. From analyses of clicking behavior among 100 young male speakers of Standard Southern British English (SSBE) recorded in two interactional tasks, it concludes that, contrary to the view of some forensic practitioners, the majority of speakers - of this la…
Sub-regional ‘other-accent’ effects on lay listeners’ speaker identification abilities
Previous studies have shown that listeners perform worse in speaker identification experiments when they are unfamiliar with the accents of the speakers. Such effects have been documented for listeners hearing unfamiliar foreign languages (language familiarity effect) and unfamiliar regional accents (‘other-accent’ effect). The present study investigates the ‘other-accent’ effect at a sub-regional level. Listeners from three different localities …
International practices in forensic speaker comparisons
A survey relating to current practices in forensic speaker comparison testing was recently undertaken of 39 laboratories and individual practitioners across 23 countries. Questions were organised around a number of themes, including the preliminary assessment and preparation of case materials, the checking of analysts’ work, frameworks used for the expression of conclusions, the use of automatic speaker recognition systems, the use of reference p…
Vowel change across time, space, and conversational topic
This study focuses on speakers who continue to use forms that are recessive in a community, and the phonological and conversational contexts in which recessive forms persist. Use of a local, recessive form is explored across males from four ex-mining communities in Northeast England. Older speakers, who lived in the area when the mines were open, frequently produce the localized variant of the mouth vowel, especially in speech produced during con…
The use of the Vocal Profile Analysis for speaker characterization
Among phoneticians, the Vocal Profile Analysis (VPA) is one of the most widely used methods for the componential assessment of voice quality. Whether the ultimate goal of the VPA evaluation is the comparative description of languages or the characterization of an individual speaker, the VPA protocol shows great potential for different research areas of speech communication. However, its use is not without practical difficulties. Despite these, me…
Assessing the effects of accent-mismatched reference population databases on the performance of an automatic speaker recognition system
Automatic Speaker Recognition (ASR) systems are designed to provide the user with statistics relating to the similarity of two or more speech samples and to the typicality of those shared features in the wider population. When an ASR system is used as part of a forensic investigation, the user must decide what counts as the appropriate ‘wider population’ and select a reference database accordingly. While it has generally been held that the voices…
Jack Windsor Lewis (7 August 1926–11 July 2021)
It is with great sadness that I report to IAFPA and IAFLL members and other col leagues the death of IAFPA Founder Member, Jack Windsor Lewis, aged 94 years.In the early days of IAFPA -or IAFP as it then was -Jack was an active partici pant at annual conferences and regularly undertook forensic casework, acting as an adviser to police officers, independent legal firms and appearing in courts as an expert witness.He was noted for his warm good hum…
Psychology (14 obras) · Linguistics (12 obras) · Computer Science (11 obras) · Archaeology (8 obras) · History (8 obras) · Speech Recognition and Synthesis (8 obras) · Phonetics and Phonology Research (6 obras) · Geography (5 obras) · Language, Discourse, Communication Strategies (5 obras) · Medicine (5 obras)