David R Weir
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 225544 |
|---|---|
| NOME | David R Weir |
| PRENOMES | David R |
| SOBRENOME | Weir |
| ASSINATURA | WEIR D R |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of Michigan |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-1661-2402 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 51 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 387 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 51 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1974 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 11 |
Purposiveness without Purpose
Right illiberalists and left illiberalists find common cause when they censure the teaching of art and literature on moral grounds. The philosopher Immanuel Kant dedicated his career to categorical clarification, exhaustively defining morality and aesthetics as separate realms of human activity. Today, right illiberalists and left illiberalists confuse or conflate the categories and conceive of aesthetics in morally instrumentalist terms, turning…
Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol
We advocate for the HCAP as a structured yet adaptable framework that prioritizes measurement precision and cultural relevance, while retaining sufficient uniformity to conduct statistical harmonization across settings. What makes an HCAP an HCAP is not a strict checklist of tests, but a commitment to rigorous, culturally respectful measurement of cognitive health in older adults around the world
Dried blood spot based biomarkers in the Health and Retirement Study
INTRODUCTION: The Health and Retirement Study (HRS) has collected biomarker data over multiple waves. Such data can help improve our understanding of health changes in individuals and the causal pathways related to health. There are, however, technical challenges to using the HRS dried blood spots (DBS) biomarker data due to changes over time in assay protocols, platforms, and laboratories. We provide technical and summary information on biologic…
Educational Attainment and Later-Life Cognitive Function in High- and Middle-Income Countries
The relationship between education and later-life cognitive function across social and geographic contexts underscores the crucial role of education to promote cognitive health and reduce dementia risk. Continual improvement of educational attainment in low- and middle-income settings may yield a significant pay-off in later-life cognitive health
Positive Effects of Religion and Social Ties on the Health of Former NFL Athletes
The Mode Effect of Web-Based Surveying on the 2018 U.S. Health and Retirement Study Measure of Cognitive Functioning
The difference in mode may be nonignorable for many uses of the HRS cognitive measure. In particular, it may require reconsideration of some cutscore-based approaches to identify impairment
Genome-wide analysis identifies genetic effects on reproductive success and ongoing natural selection at the Fads locus
Polygenic prediction of educational attainment within and between families from genome-wide association analyses in 3 million individuals
We conduct a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of educational attainment (EA) in a sample of ~3 million individuals and identify 3,952 approximately uncorrelated genome-wide-significant single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). A genome-wide polygenic predictor, or polygenic index (PGI), explains 12–16% of EA variance and contributes to risk prediction for ten diseases. Direct effects (i.e., controlling for parental PGIs) explain roughly half th…
The Price of Playing Through Pain
Over the past decade, media outlets have drawn attention to some of the health consequences of playing in the National Football League (NFL), including how wear-and-tear and injuries accumulated during athletes’ playing years can affect their physical, emotional, and behavioral health after retirement from professional sports. Through a secondary analysis of a cross-sectional telephone survey of former NFL athletes, this study estimated logistic …
New alcohol-related genes suggest shared genetic mechanisms with neuropsychiatric disorders
Excessive alcohol consumption is one of the main causes of death and disability worldwide. Alcohol consumption is a heritable complex trait. We conducted a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of gram/day (g/d) alcohol consumption in UK-Biobank, AlcGen and CHARGE+ consortia accumulating 480,842 people of European descent to decipher the genetic architecture of alcohol intake. We identified 46 novel, common loci, and investigate…
A Comparison of the Prevalence of Dementia in the United States in 2000 and 2012
Importance: The aging of the US population is expected to lead to a large increase in the number of adults with dementia, but some recent studies in the United States and other high-income countries suggest that the age-specific risk of dementia may have declined over the past 25 years. Clarifying current and future population trends in dementia prevalence and risk has important implications for patients, families, and government programs. Object…
Widowhood and Depression in a Cross-National Perspective
Our research shows the complex global relationship between widowhood and depression. Studies that do not compare depression trajectories over time may make incorrect inferences about the persistence of depression by gender and country. Interventions should target different components of depression: mood-related symptoms for men and somatic-related symptoms for women for most effective recovery
Genetic variants associated with subjective well-being, depressive symptoms, and neuroticism identified through genome-wide analyses
Genome-wide association study identifies 74 loci associated with educational attainment
Ulysses Explained
When it comes to James Joyce's landmark work, Ulysses , the influence of three literary giants, Homer, Shakespeare, and Dante, cannot be overlooked. Examining Joyce in terms of Homeric narrative, Dant
Genetic studies of body mass index yield new insights for obesity biology
Childhood and later life stressors and increased inflammatory gene expression at older ages
Cohort Profile
The Health and Retirement Study (HRS) is a nationally representative longitudinal survey of more than 37 000 individuals over age 50 in 23 000 households in the USA. The survey, which has been fielded every 2 years since 1992, was established to provide a national resource for data on the changing health and economic circumstances associated with ageing at both individual and population levels. Its multidisciplinary approach is focused on four br…
Validation of Blood-Based Assays Using Dried Blood Spots for Use in Large Population Studies
Assessment of health in large population studies has increasingly incorporated measures of blood-based biomarkers based on the use of dried blood spots (DBS). The validity of DBS assessments made by labs used by large studies is addressed by comparing assay values from DBS collected using conditions similar to those used in the field with values from whole blood samples. The DBS approach generates values that are strongly related to whole blood l…
GWAS of 126,559 Individuals Identifies Genetic Variants Associated with Educational Attainment
Genetic College Many genomic elements in humans are associated with behavior, including educational attainment. In a genome-wide association study including more than 100,000 samples, Rietveld et al. (p. 1467 , published online 30 May; see the Perspective by Flint and Munafò ) looked for genes related to educational attainment in Caucasians. Small genetic effects at three loci appeared to impact educational attainment.
Linking Survey and Administrative Records
Survey records are increasingly being linked to administrative databases to enhance the survey data and increase research opportunities for data users. A necessary prerequisite to linking survey and administrative records is obtaining informed consent from respondents. Obtaining consent from all respondents is a difficult challenge and one that faces significant resistance. Consequently, data linkage consent rates vary widely from study to study.…
Assessment of Cognition Using Surveys and Neuropsychological Assessment
Cognitive assessment appropriate for diagnosis of dementia and CIND in large population surveys could be improved with more targeted information from informants and additional cognitive tests targeting other areas of brain function
Do biological measures mediate the relationship between education and health
Recent developments in longitudinal studies of aging in the United States
We review recent developments in longitudinal studies of aging, focusing on the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study (WLS) and the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). Both studies are part of a trend toward biosocial surveys in which biological measurement is joined with traditional survey techniques, and a related trend toward greater harmonization across studies. Both studies have collected DNA samples and are working toward genotyping that would allow …
Clinical Complexity in Middle-Aged and Older Adults With Diabetes
BACKGROUND: Some patients with diabetes may have health status characteristics that could make diabetes self-management (DSM) difficult and lead to inadequate glycemic control, or limit the benefit of some diabetes management interventions. OBJECTIVE: To investigate how many older and middle-aged adults with diabetes have such health status characteristics. DESIGN: Secondary data analysis of a nationally representative health interview survey, th…
Assessment of Cognition Using Surveys and Neuropsychological Assessment
Cognitive assessment appropriate for diagnosis of dementia and CIND in large population surveys could be improved with more targeted information from informants and additional cognitive tests targeting other areas of brain function
Life Under Pressure
Comparative methods are used to examine two hypotheses derived from Wrigley and Schofield's Population History of England. Contrary to their expectations, economic shocks produced greater marriage responses in France than in England, and the early onset of family limitation in France did not increase the responsiveness of marital fertility to living standards in the aggregate. Mortality was strongly dependent on economic shocks only in France pri…
Rather Never than Late
Most explanations of fertility change in preindustrial England empha size changes in age at marriage. This paper shows that, even after correcting for possible exaggerations in estimated celibacy rates, it was celibacy and not age at marriage that accounted for most of fertility variation before 1750. New research and new models of marriage behavior are needed. It may be necessary to abandon homeostasis to arrive at an adequate explanation of Eng…
Parental Consumption Decisions and Child Health During the Early French Fertility Decline, 1790–1914
This article re-examines the secular improvement in human heights in France. Adult heights reflect consumption as children, so the distribution of resources between children and adults, determined primarily within households, should have influenced heights. The intrahousehold distribution of resources was influenced by the level of income and by the calorie demands of working adults. Results show that the early decline of marital fertility in Fra…
Cohort parity analysis
Cohort parity analysis (CPA) is a method for indirect measurement of the extent and timing of the adoption of fertility control within marriage. It uses information on the parity distribution of a cohort of women of specified marriage ages and durations. A multinomial model of parity provides a convenient framework for the computation of distributional parameters describing the extent to which marital fertility control has been accepted and chara…
How Americans Responded
On the afternoon of Tuesday, September 11, 2001, a group of social scientists at the Institute for Social Research (ISR) gathered to consider how they might employ their talents to help the country after the shocking events of that morning. The group included economists, political scientists, psychologists, sociologists, demographers, and survey methodologists. Based upon their previous research experience, each of them proposed hypotheses on asp…
New Estimates of Nuptiality and Marital Fertility in France, 1740-1911
This paper produces new annual estimates of the Princeton indices of overall fertility, nuptiality, marital, and non-marital fertility for France from 1740 to 1911. To do so, it first develops a method to reconstruct (back-project) a closed female population by age (above age 10) and marital status from a good terminal census and registration data on deaths and marriages by age and marital status. The new estimates differ somewhat from those of v…
Validation of Blood-Based Assays Using Dried Blood Spots for Use in Large Population Studies
Assessment of health in large population studies has increasingly incorporated measures of blood-based biomarkers based on the use of dried blood spots (DBS). The validity of DBS assessments made by labs used by large studies is addressed by comparing assay values from DBS collected using conditions similar to those used in the field with values from whole blood samples. The DBS approach generates values that are strongly related to whole blood l…
Do biological measures mediate the relationship between education and health
The Financial Market and Government Debt Policy in France, 1746-1793
This article offers a new quantitative history of the market for government debt in France before the Revolution. The monarchy was a persistent default risk because of institutional obstacles to raising taxes. Default followed observable rules in targeting specific assets. The financial market reflected both facts: interest rates were high on the safest assets and ranged higher on the most likely default targets. The cost of all forms of new borr…
Fertility Transition in Rural France, 1740–1829
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Structural Change in Life Cycle Fertility During the Fertility Transition
This paper explores the hypothesis that the fertility transition in France entailed a structural change in behaviour from natural to controlled fertility. We define the hypothesis in terms of an empirically estimable model of lifetime fertility. The model produces separate estimates of the three main proximate determinants: the hazard rate of conception for ovulating women, the timing of ovulation resumption after a birth, and permanent sterility…
Tontines, Public Finance, and Revolution in France and England, 1688-1789
Tontines were used more extensively by France than Britain. Comparative tontine history illuminates the differing evolution of public finance in the two countries and its political consequences. Archival materials establish the number of participants in French tontines. Internal rates of return on tontines and alternatives show subsidy of tontines by the French government. Repudiation in 1770 contributed to the political attitudes of life annuita…
Recent developments in longitudinal studies of aging in the United States
We review recent developments in longitudinal studies of aging, focusing on the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study (WLS) and the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). Both studies are part of a trend toward biosocial surveys in which biological measurement is joined with traditional survey techniques, and a related trend toward greater harmonization across studies. Both studies have collected DNA samples and are working toward genotyping that would allow …
Family Income, Mortality, and Fertility on the Eve of the Demographic Transition
This article combines uniquely detailed household-level tax assessments with reconstituted family histories for an eighteenth-century agricultural village near Paris. The tax records reveal substantial diversity in income among taxpayers despite the exemptions given privileged landowners. High-income households had significantly lower levels of infant and adult mortality, earlier age at marriage of the wife, and slightly lower rates of emigration…
Educational Attainment and Later-Life Cognitive Function in High- and Middle-Income Countries
The relationship between education and later-life cognitive function across social and geographic contexts underscores the crucial role of education to promote cognitive health and reduce dementia risk. Continual improvement of educational attainment in low- and middle-income settings may yield a significant pay-off in later-life cognitive health
Widowhood and Depression in a Cross-National Perspective
Our research shows the complex global relationship between widowhood and depression. Studies that do not compare depression trajectories over time may make incorrect inferences about the persistence of depression by gender and country. Interventions should target different components of depression: mood-related symptoms for men and somatic-related symptoms for women for most effective recovery
Childhood and later life stressors and increased inflammatory gene expression at older ages
Linking Survey and Administrative Records
Survey records are increasingly being linked to administrative databases to enhance the survey data and increase research opportunities for data users. A necessary prerequisite to linking survey and administrative records is obtaining informed consent from respondents. Obtaining consent from all respondents is a difficult challenge and one that faces significant resistance. Consequently, data linkage consent rates vary widely from study to study.…
Take-up of Medicare Part D
For the most part, Medicare beneficiaries seem to have been able to make economically rational decisions about Part D enrollment despite the complexity of the program
Informal Caregiving for Diabetes and Diabetic Complications Among Elderly Americans
Diabetes imposes a substantial burden on elderly individuals, their families, and society, both through increased rates of disability and the significant time that informal caregivers must spend helping address the associated functional limitations. Future evaluations of the costs of diabetes, and the cost-effectiveness of diabetes interventions, should consider the significant informal caregiving costs associated with the disease
Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol
We advocate for the HCAP as a structured yet adaptable framework that prioritizes measurement precision and cultural relevance, while retaining sufficient uniformity to conduct statistical harmonization across settings. What makes an HCAP an HCAP is not a strict checklist of tests, but a commitment to rigorous, culturally respectful measurement of cognitive health in older adults around the world
Genome-wide analysis identifies genetic effects on reproductive success and ongoing natural selection at the Fads locus
Les Crises Économiques et les Origines de la Révolution Française
Dans l'espoir de redonner à l'histoire économique sa place légitime dans l'historiographie des origines de la Révolution, nous étudierons, dans cet article, les données quantitatives concernant les conditions et les résultats de l'économie française au XVIIIesiècle. Des historiens appartenant à des écoles de pensée différentes se sont attaqués à l'interprétation économique de l'histoire; néo-tories anglais, néo-tocquevilliens français et spéciali…
The Reliability of Historical Macroeconomic Data for Comparing Cyclical Stability
The question at issue is whether estimates of GNP and unemployment before 1930 exaggerate cyclical volatility enough to produce a false impression of increasing economic stability over the twentieth century. Based on research to be reported in detail at a later date, the answer is no. The range of possible exaggerations is small relative to the observed change
Approaches to Insanity
In Search of the Master Science
Population Policy Making in the American States
Population Policy Making in the American States
Fertility Transition in Rural France, 1740–1829
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Rather Never than Late
Most explanations of fertility change in preindustrial England empha size changes in age at marriage. This paper shows that, even after correcting for possible exaggerations in estimated celibacy rates, it was celibacy and not age at marriage that accounted for most of fertility variation before 1750. New research and new models of marriage behavior are needed. It may be necessary to abandon homeostasis to arrive at an adequate explanation of Eng…
Life Under Pressure
Comparative methods are used to examine two hypotheses derived from Wrigley and Schofield's Population History of England. Contrary to their expectations, economic shocks produced greater marriage responses in France than in England, and the early onset of family limitation in France did not increase the responsiveness of marital fertility to living standards in the aggregate. Mortality was strongly dependent on economic shocks only in France pri…
Malthus Past and Present
The Reliability of Historical Macroeconomic Data for Comparing Cyclical Stability
The question at issue is whether estimates of GNP and unemployment before 1930 exaggerate cyclical volatility enough to produce a false impression of increasing economic stability over the twentieth century. Based on research to be reported in detail at a later date, the answer is no. The range of possible exaggerations is small relative to the observed change
Cohort parity analysis
Cohort parity analysis (CPA) is a method for indirect measurement of the extent and timing of the adoption of fertility control within marriage. It uses information on the parity distribution of a cohort of women of specified marriage ages and durations. A multinomial model of parity provides a convenient framework for the computation of distributional parameters describing the extent to which marital fertility control has been accepted and chara…
Old Themes and New Techniques, Part II
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
People, Cities, and Wealth
Tontines, Public Finance, and Revolution in France and England, 1688-1789
Tontines were used more extensively by France than Britain. Comparative tontine history illuminates the differing evolution of public finance in the two countries and its political consequences. Archival materials establish the number of participants in French tontines. Internal rates of return on tontines and alternatives show subsidy of tontines by the French government. Repudiation in 1770 contributed to the political attitudes of life annuita…
Structural Change in Life Cycle Fertility During the Fertility Transition
This paper explores the hypothesis that the fertility transition in France entailed a structural change in behaviour from natural to controlled fertility. We define the hypothesis in terms of an empirically estimable model of lifetime fertility. The model produces separate estimates of the three main proximate determinants: the hazard rate of conception for ovulating women, the timing of ovulation resumption after a birth, and permanent sterility…
Les Crises Économiques et les Origines de la Révolution Française
Dans l'espoir de redonner à l'histoire économique sa place légitime dans l'historiographie des origines de la Révolution, nous étudierons, dans cet article, les données quantitatives concernant les conditions et les résultats de l'économie française au XVIIIesiècle. Des historiens appartenant à des écoles de pensée différentes se sont attaqués à l'interprétation économique de l'histoire; néo-tories anglais, néo-tocquevilliens français et spéciali…
The Financial Market and Government Debt Policy in France, 1746-1793
This article offers a new quantitative history of the market for government debt in France before the Revolution. The monarchy was a persistent default risk because of institutional obstacles to raising taxes. Default followed observable rules in targeting specific assets. The financial market reflected both facts: interest rates were high on the safest assets and ranged higher on the most likely default targets. The cost of all forms of new borr…
Parental Consumption Decisions and Child Health During the Early French Fertility Decline, 1790–1914
This article re-examines the secular improvement in human heights in France. Adult heights reflect consumption as children, so the distribution of resources between children and adults, determined primarily within households, should have influenced heights. The intrahousehold distribution of resources was influenced by the level of income and by the calorie demands of working adults. Results show that the early decline of marital fertility in Fra…
New Estimates of Nuptiality and Marital Fertility in France, 1740-1911
This paper produces new annual estimates of the Princeton indices of overall fertility, nuptiality, marital, and non-marital fertility for France from 1740 to 1911. To do so, it first develops a method to reconstruct (back-project) a closed female population by age (above age 10) and marital status from a good terminal census and registration data on deaths and marriages by age and marital status. The new estimates differ somewhat from those of v…
Family Income, Mortality, and Fertility on the Eve of the Demographic Transition
This article combines uniquely detailed household-level tax assessments with reconstituted family histories for an eighteenth-century agricultural village near Paris. The tax records reveal substantial diversity in income among taxpayers despite the exemptions given privileged landowners. High-income households had significantly lower levels of infant and adult mortality, earlier age at marriage of the wife, and slightly lower rates of emigration…
Family Income, Mortality and Fertility on the Eve of the Demographic Transition
Informal Caregiving for Diabetes and Diabetic Complications Among Elderly Americans
Diabetes imposes a substantial burden on elderly individuals, their families, and society, both through increased rates of disability and the significant time that informal caregivers must spend helping address the associated functional limitations. Future evaluations of the costs of diabetes, and the cost-effectiveness of diabetes interventions, should consider the significant informal caregiving costs associated with the disease
How Americans Responded
On the afternoon of Tuesday, September 11, 2001, a group of social scientists at the Institute for Social Research (ISR) gathered to consider how they might employ their talents to help the country after the shocking events of that morning. The group included economists, political scientists, psychologists, sociologists, demographers, and survey methodologists. Based upon their previous research experience, each of them proposed hypotheses on asp…
The Aging, Demographics, and Memory Study
Objective: We describe the design and methods of the Aging, Demographics, and Memory Study (ADAMS), a new national study that will provide data on the antecedents, prevalence, outcomes, and costs of dementia and ‘cognitive impairment, not demented’ (CIND) using a unique study design based on the nationally representative Health and Retirement Study (HRS). We also illustrate potential uses of the ADAMS data and provide information to interested re…
Prevalence of Dementia in the United States
Aim: To estimate the prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other dementias in the USA using a nationally representative sample. Methods: The Aging, Demographics, and Memory Study sample was composed of 856 individuals aged 71 years and older from the nationally representative Health and Retirement Study (HRS) who were evaluated for dementia using a comprehensive in-home assessment. An expert consensus panel used this information to assign a …
Do panel surveys really make people sick? A commentary on Wilson and Howell (60
Medicine (23 obras) · Population (20 obras) · Demography (18 obras) · Sociology (18 obras) · Political science (16 obras) · Demography (13 obras) · Gerontology (13 obras) · Economics (12 obras) · Environmental health (12 obras) · Psychology (12 obras)