Howard Brody
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 233540 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Howard Brody |
| PRENOMES | Howard |
| SOBRENOME | Brody |
| ASSINATURA | BRODY H |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Michigan State University |
| VERIFICADO | Não |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 36 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 8 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 36 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1975 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2015 |
| ÍNDICE H | 2 |
Ethical Issues in Patient-Centered Outcomes Research and Comparative Effectiveness Research
Community bioethics dialogues were held on the topic of patient-centered outcomes research (PCOR) and comparative effectiveness research (CER). Participants were 65 and older and represented either a lower income, African American group (A) or a higher income White group (B). Participants were presented with a variety of background reading and study materials. Meetings were held 2 hr per week for 6 weeks. The groups showed both independence in ju…
Narrative Ethics
Once upon a time, medicine dismissed narrative as unimportant and uninteresting. Then, in the late 1980s, physicians and scholars became interested in how the study of narrative could enhance our understanding of illness and health care, and the field that came to be known as “narrative medicine” developed. Some of this scholarly activity focused on the idea of narrative ethics . After a flurry of activity around the turn of the twenty‐first cent…
Professionalism versus Antiharassment in Student Evaluation
Medical school faculty have a nonnegotiable duty to report students whose professional behavior falls seriously short of the mark. If they refrain from fulfilling this duty for fear of retaliation, the antiharassment pendulum has truly swung too far
Patient Autonomy and Provider Beneficence Are Compatible
A commentary on “What's Not Being Shared in Shared Decision‐Making?” from the July‐August 2013
The Research-Clinical Practice Distinction, Learning Health Systems, and Relationships
A special report of The Hastings Center and the Association of American Medical Colleges addressed the ethical oversight of learning health systems, which seek to combine high-quality patient care with routine data collection aimed at improving patient outcomes. The report contained two position papers, authored by a number of distinguished bioethicists, and several commentaries. The position papers urged two changes. First, they urged a rethinki…
The Ethics of Drug Development and Promotion
Ethical issues at the interface between the medical profession and the pharmaceutical industry have generally been approached from the vantage point of medical professionalism, with a focus on conflict of interest as the key ethical concern. Although conflicts of interest remain important, other ethical issues may be obscured unless a wider perspective is adopted. Besides medical professionalism, the ethics of the clinical therapeutic relationshi…
The House of God—Is It Pertinent 30 Years Later
How can we demand that residents be more humane and professional with their patients when we have made the entire world of medicine, within which they must function, steadily less humane
Defining the Medical Humanities
The Inverse Benefit Law
Recent highly publicized withdrawals of drugs from the market because of safety concerns raise the question of whether these events are random failures or part of a recurring pattern. The inverse benefit law, inspired by Hart's inverse care law, states that the ratio of benefits to harms among patients taking new drugs tends to vary inversely with how extensively the drugs are marketed. The law is manifested through 6 basic marketing strategies: …
New Forces Shaping the Patient-Physician Relationship
Society values both the appropriate use of new technological and management innovations and the maintenance of a strong personal and therapeutic relationship between patients and physicians. The medical-home model may be able to accomplish both
The Ethics of Requiring Employees To Quit Smoking
In early 2005 a Michigan firm, Weyco Inc., made national news by firing several employees who smoked. The company had given employees advance warning about the new policy and provided a free smoking cessation program. A number of employees successfully quit smoking; those who did not were fired. The company justified the firings based on the cost of health insurance for employees at risk for smoking-related illnesses
Is the Surgery Necessary Now? The Surgeon's Conflict of Interest
neurosurgeon in his first year of private practice, entered the exam room to see Ms. Davis. She explained that she had been experiencing back pain and paresthesia in her right leg. Her symptoms had begun one month before, after she had bent down to pick up her grandson. While examining her, Dr. Hendry noticed that Ms. Davis's right leg was slightly weaker than her left and that she had a right foot drop. After reviewing the MRI, Dr. Hendry saw th…
Activism? Yes! The AMA? Maybe Not
Activism? Yes! The AMA? Maybe Not Physician organizations have an ethical obligation to advocate for general improvement of public health, even if it is sometimes at the expense of interests of
The Risks of Prozac - Why We Don't Know Them
Clinical Equipoise and the Therapeutic Misconception
A Critique of Clinical Equipoise
A predominant ethical view holds that physician-investigators should conduct their research with therapeutic intent. And since a physician offering a therapy wouldn't prescribe second-rate treatments, the experimental intervention and the best proven therapy should appear equally effective. "Clinical equipoise" is necessary. But this perspective is flawed. The ethics of research and of therapy are fundamentally different, and clinical equipoise s…
Physician Recommendations and Patient Autonomy
Medical care in the United States has rapidly moved away from a paternalistic approach to patients and toward an emphasis on patient autonomy. At one extreme end of this spectrum is the "independent choice" model of decision making, in which physicians objectively present patients with options and odds but withhold their own experience and recommendations to avoid overly influencing patients. This model confuses the concepts of independence and a…
The Bias of Burden
Professional Integrity and Physician-Assisted Death
The practice of voluntary physician-assisted death as a last resort is compatible with doctors' duties to practice competently, to avoid harming patients unduly, to refrain from medical fraud, and to preserve patients' trust. It therefore does not violate physicians' professional integrity
The Best System in the World
Imagine that a well-respected, politically powerful group of people had been given charge of America's school lunch programs. Gradually, over many years, some standards had been established; and all school lunch workers felt that it was absolutely essential that these standards be maintained, whatever the cost. Students ate lunch by candlelight, upon linen tablecloths, off gilt-edged china with sterling silver utensils, drinking from crystal stem…
Framing the Health Reform Debate
President Clinton's health reform speech to Congress in September 1993 was notable in two ways. Besides being the first U.S. president since Truman to recommend a major overhaul of the American health care system, he also took care to identify the most important moral values that served to justify his proposal. In part, his statement of values was based on the deliberations of an ethics advisory group, one of the thirtyfive working groups convene…
"My Story Is Broken; Can You Help Me Fix It?"
Ä"My Story Is Broken; Can You Help Me Fix It? Medical Ethics and the Joint Construction of Narrative* Howard Brody // This essay explores some ethical implications of a narrative conception of the physician-patient relationship. I shall argue that the moral basis of the relationship is best preserved and enhanced when the physician and patient go about developing meaning within their encounter in a particular way. Ideally, the physician-patient r…
Physicians pursuing the humanities
The Seductions of Tyranny
The Chief of Medicine
15.The Letters of C. S. Lewis, quoted in Dabney Adams Hart, Through the Open Door: New Look at C. S. Lewis (UniversityUniversity of Alabama Press, 1984), p. 130. 16.Dax Cowart, Please Let Me Die (Galveston: University of Texas Medical Branch in Galveston, 1974). 17.Robert B. White, A Demand to Die, Hastings Center Report 5, no. 3 (1975): 9. 18.H. Tristram Englehardt, Jr., A Demand to Die, Hastings CenterReport5, no. 3 (1975): 10. 19.Dax's Case (N…
The Inverse Benefit Law
Recent highly publicized withdrawals of drugs from the market because of safety concerns raise the question of whether these events are random failures or part of a recurring pattern. The inverse benefit law, inspired by Hart's inverse care law, states that the ratio of benefits to harms among patients taking new drugs tends to vary inversely with how extensively the drugs are marketed. The law is manifested through 6 basic marketing strategies: …
Does Disease Have a Natural History
Commentary
Behind "Instant" Judgments
Abortion
The Fetus as Organ Farm
The Rights-As-Trumps Analogy
Does Disease Have a Natural History
More on Clinicians Cutting Costs
Contested Terrain
Transparency
Current legal standards of informed consent send the wrong message to\nphysicians about their moral and legal expectations. A "transparency" model\nthat sees consent as a conversation process can enhance good medical practice\nand patient autonomy without foreclosing appropriate judicial review. \nAccording to the transparency model, the key to reasonable disclosure is not\nadherence to existing standards of other practitioners, nor....to a list …
The Chief of Medicine
15.The Letters of C. S. Lewis, quoted in Dabney Adams Hart, Through the Open Door: New Look at C. S. Lewis (UniversityUniversity of Alabama Press, 1984), p. 130. 16.Dax Cowart, Please Let Me Die (Galveston: University of Texas Medical Branch in Galveston, 1974). 17.Robert B. White, A Demand to Die, Hastings Center Report 5, no. 3 (1975): 9. 18.H. Tristram Englehardt, Jr., A Demand to Die, Hastings CenterReport5, no. 3 (1975): 10. 19.Dax's Case (N…
Literature and Bioethics
Literature and Bioethics: Different Approaches? Howard Brody The incautious, simple-minded teacher of bioethics was probably disappointed with volume 7 of Literature and Medicine, despite its theme, Literature and Bioethics.1 We bioethics folk are happy to consider incorporating some works of uterature into our courses. We are as anxious as the next person to be thought learned; and, besides, snappy short stories and poems, or carefully chosen Ut…
Teaching the history of medicine by case study and small group discussion
The Seductions of Tyranny
Framing the Health Reform Debate
President Clinton's health reform speech to Congress in September 1993 was notable in two ways. Besides being the first U.S. president since Truman to recommend a major overhaul of the American health care system, he also took care to identify the most important moral values that served to justify his proposal. In part, his statement of values was based on the deliberations of an ethics advisory group, one of the thirtyfive working groups convene…
"My Story Is Broken; Can You Help Me Fix It?"
Ä"My Story Is Broken; Can You Help Me Fix It? Medical Ethics and the Joint Construction of Narrative* Howard Brody // This essay explores some ethical implications of a narrative conception of the physician-patient relationship. I shall argue that the moral basis of the relationship is best preserved and enhanced when the physician and patient go about developing meaning within their encounter in a particular way. Ideally, the physician-patient r…
Physicians pursuing the humanities
Professional Integrity and Physician-Assisted Death
The practice of voluntary physician-assisted death as a last resort is compatible with doctors' duties to practice competently, to avoid harming patients unduly, to refrain from medical fraud, and to preserve patients' trust. It therefore does not violate physicians' professional integrity
The Best System in the World
Imagine that a well-respected, politically powerful group of people had been given charge of America's school lunch programs. Gradually, over many years, some standards had been established; and all school lunch workers felt that it was absolutely essential that these standards be maintained, whatever the cost. Students ate lunch by candlelight, upon linen tablecloths, off gilt-edged china with sterling silver utensils, drinking from crystal stem…
Physician Recommendations and Patient Autonomy
Medical care in the United States has rapidly moved away from a paternalistic approach to patients and toward an emphasis on patient autonomy. At one extreme end of this spectrum is the "independent choice" model of decision making, in which physicians objectively present patients with options and odds but withhold their own experience and recommendations to avoid overly influencing patients. This model confuses the concepts of independence and a…
The Bias of Burden
Clinical Equipoise and the Therapeutic Misconception
A Critique of Clinical Equipoise
A predominant ethical view holds that physician-investigators should conduct their research with therapeutic intent. And since a physician offering a therapy wouldn't prescribe second-rate treatments, the experimental intervention and the best proven therapy should appear equally effective. "Clinical equipoise" is necessary. But this perspective is flawed. The ethics of research and of therapy are fundamentally different, and clinical equipoise s…
Activism? Yes! The AMA? Maybe Not
Activism? Yes! The AMA? Maybe Not Physician organizations have an ethical obligation to advocate for general improvement of public health, even if it is sometimes at the expense of interests of
The Risks of Prozac - Why We Don't Know Them
The Ethics of Requiring Employees To Quit Smoking
In early 2005 a Michigan firm, Weyco Inc., made national news by firing several employees who smoked. The company had given employees advance warning about the new policy and provided a free smoking cessation program. A number of employees successfully quit smoking; those who did not were fired. The company justified the firings based on the cost of health insurance for employees at risk for smoking-related illnesses
Psychology (24 obras) · Medicine (20 obras) · Political science (15 obras) · Ethics in medical practice (14 obras) · Law (11 obras) · Sociology (9 obras) · Computer Science (7 obras) · Empathy and Medical Education (7 obras) · Business (6 obras) · Philosophy (6 obras)