Thomas F Oltmanns
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 238933 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Thomas F Oltmanns |
| PRENOMES | Thomas F |
| SOBRENOME | Oltmanns |
| ASSINATURA | OLTMANNS T F |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Washington University in St. Louis |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-6084-0955 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 30 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 99 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 30 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2003 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 5 |
Gendered Narration of Agency and Communion in Significant Autobiographical Memories Among Older Black and White Americans
The sociocultural developmental theory of autobiographical memory maintains that autobiographical memory is a self‐centered narrative product shaped by sociocultural norms. This study tested this thesis by investigating gender effects on agency and communion in significant memories from racially diverse older adults, a population largely absent from past research. Participants ( N = 468; 59.4% female; 50% Black; M age = 68.18) were older Black an…
Sense of Purpose and Maladaptive Personality Traits in Older Adulthood
The current study examined the relationships between sense of purpose and 10 forms of maladaptive personality traits among older adults. In addition, we aimed to explore whether a sense of purpose was more strongly associated with these maladaptive personality traits than another well-being indicator, life satisfaction. Participants included 1,011 older adults ( M Age = 71.93, 56.15% female, 74.10% White, 23% Black) enrolled in the St Louis Perso…
Religiosity and sense of purpose among older adults
Past research on association between religiosity and sense of purpose have demonstrated consistent, yet small- to medium-sized correlations. The current study evaluated potential factors that may influence the magnitude of these associations in an older adult community-based sample. The current study employed the most recent questionnaire assessment from the St. Louis Personality and Aging Network (SPAN) study, which is a representative sample of…
Discrimination and sense of purpose
Given the developmental benefits associated with higher sense of purpose, past work has aimed to understand how experiences of adversity relate to sense of purpose. With a specific focus on experiences of adversity that may impact individuals from marginalized groups, past work has found that discrimination is related to lower sense of purpose in life, but that these effects are weaker for Black adults relative to White adults. The current resear…
Mechanisms of Black-White disparities in health among older adults
We tested whether personality traits help explain the association between discrimination and racial health disparities in a sample of 1033 Black and White older adults. Participants completed measures of discrimination, personality, and self-reported physical and mental health. Elevated discrimination among Black participants was indirectly linked to worse physical and mental health outcomes through elevated neuroticism and lower agreeableness, c…
Personality change
The research literature on personality development is based mostly on self-report studies and on samples in younger adulthood. The present multimethod study examines self-other agreement on longitudinal personality change and convergence between self- and informant-reports of longitudinal and retrospective personality change in older adulthood. It provides a rare validation test of longitudinal measurements of personality change. A representative…
Unemployment and the relationship between borderline personality pathology and health
Obsessive, compulsive, and conscientious? The relationship between OCPD and personality traits
OBJECTIVE: Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) is defined as being overly controlling, rigid, orderly, and perfectionistic. At a definitional level, OCPD would appear to be highly related to the trait of Conscientiousness. The current study attempts to disentangle this relationship by examining the relationship at a facet level using multiple forms of OCPD assessment and using multiple reports of OCPD and personality. In addition, th…
Trajectories of racial and gender health disparities during later midlife
Race and gender influence health trajectories. Most personality- health associations replicated across race and gender, except for agreeableness with physical health. An intersectional framework considering more than one aspect of social identity is crucial for understanding health disparities. Future studies may benefit from including large, diverse samples of participants and further examining the moderating effects of race and gender on person…
Personality Predicts Health Declines Through Stressful Life Events During Late Mid‐Life
Personality predicts the occurrence of dependent stressful life events (SLE; i.e., events reliant, at least in part, on an individual's behavior). This process, termed stress generation , contributes to psychiatric outcomes, but its role in physical health is unknown. Data were included from 998 participants (aged 55–64) in the St. Louis Personality and Aging Network (SPAN) study. Assessments occurred every 6 months for 18 months. Neuroticism, im…
Variation in narrative identity is associated with trajectories of mental health over several years
This article presents 2 longitudinal studies designed to assess the relationship between variability in narrative identity and trajectories of mental health over several years. In Study 1, core scenes from 89 late-mid-life adults' life stories were assessed for several narrative themes. Participants' mental health and physical health were assessed concurrently with the narratives and annually for the subsequent 4 years. Concurrent analyses indica…
The Enduring Impact of Maladaptive Personality Traits on Relationship Quality and Health in Later Life
Over the past 5 years, the S t. L ouis Personality and A ging N etwork ( SPAN ) has been collecting data on personality in later life with an emphasis on maladaptive personality, social integration, and health outcomes in a representative sample of 1,630 adults aged 55–64 living in the S t. L ouis area. This program has confirmed the importance of considering both the normal range of personality and in particular the role of maladaptive traits in…
Personality Accounts for the Connection Between Volunteering and Health
These results indicate that volunteering may be related to health outcomes because of the personality characteristics of volunteers, not the volunteering experience in and of itself. Future longitudinal studies are needed to further explore the relationship between personality, volunteering, and health
The conscientious retiree
Abnormal Psychology
Self‐Other Knowledge Asymmetries in Personality Pathology
OBJECTIVE: Self-reports of personality provide valid information about personality disorders (PDs). However, informant reports provide information about PDs that self-reports alone do not provide. The current article examines whether and when one perspective is more valid than the other in identifying PDs. METHOD: Using a representative sample of adults 55 to 65 years of age (N = 991; 45% males), we compared the validity of self- and informant (e…
Psychopathology
Recruitment of African American men
This article describes the efforts of the St. Louis Personality and Aging Network (SPAN) team to increase participation by African American men in our study. Initially, African American men were participating at a rate far lower than both European American men and women and African American women. Two years into the study, the SPAN team constructed a letter targeted toward African American men that specifically requested their participation in th…
You probably think this paper's about you
Do narcissists have insight into the negative aspects of their personality and reputation? Using both clinical and subclinical measures of narcissism, the authors examined others' perceptions, self-perceptions, and meta-perceptions of narcissists across a wide range of traits for a new acquaintance and close other (Study 1), longitudinally with a group of new acquaintances (Study 2), and among coworkers (Study 3). Results bring 3 surprising concl…
Personality disorder in social networks
Being liked is more than having a good personality
Regional Analysis of Self‐Reported Personality Disorder Criteria
Building on the theoretical work of Louis Guttman, we propose that the core problem facing research into the multidimensional structure of the personality disorders is not the identification of factorial simple structure but rather detailed characterization of the multivariate configuration of the diagnostic criteria. Dimensions rotated to orthogonal or oblique simple structure are but one way out of many to characterize a multivariate map, and t…
Improving Assessment of Personality Disorder Traits Through Social Network Analysis
When assessing personality disorder traits, not all judges make equally valid judgments of all targets. The present study uses social network analysis to investigate factors associated with reliability and validity in peer assessment. Participants were groups of military recruits ( N =809) who acted as both targets and judges in a round‐robin design. Participants completed self‐ and informant versions of the Multisource Assessment of Personality …
Interpersonal perception and personality disorders
Mixed impressions
You probably think this paper's about you
Do narcissists have insight into the negative aspects of their personality and reputation? Using both clinical and subclinical measures of narcissism, the authors examined others' perceptions, self-perceptions, and meta-perceptions of narcissists across a wide range of traits for a new acquaintance and close other (Study 1), longitudinally with a group of new acquaintances (Study 2), and among coworkers (Study 3). Results bring 3 surprising concl…
Variation in narrative identity is associated with trajectories of mental health over several years
This article presents 2 longitudinal studies designed to assess the relationship between variability in narrative identity and trajectories of mental health over several years. In Study 1, core scenes from 89 late-mid-life adults' life stories were assessed for several narrative themes. Participants' mental health and physical health were assessed concurrently with the narratives and annually for the subsequent 4 years. Concurrent analyses indica…
Perceptions of people with personality disorders based on thin slices of behavior
Mechanisms of Black-White disparities in health among older adults
We tested whether personality traits help explain the association between discrimination and racial health disparities in a sample of 1033 Black and White older adults. Participants completed measures of discrimination, personality, and self-reported physical and mental health. Elevated discrimination among Black participants was indirectly linked to worse physical and mental health outcomes through elevated neuroticism and lower agreeableness, c…
Personality and the derogation of others
Recruitment of African American men
This article describes the efforts of the St. Louis Personality and Aging Network (SPAN) team to increase participation by African American men in our study. Initially, African American men were participating at a rate far lower than both European American men and women and African American women. Two years into the study, the SPAN team constructed a letter targeted toward African American men that specifically requested their participation in th…
Being liked is more than having a good personality
Mixed impressions
The conscientious retiree
Personality change
The research literature on personality development is based mostly on self-report studies and on samples in younger adulthood. The present multimethod study examines self-other agreement on longitudinal personality change and convergence between self- and informant-reports of longitudinal and retrospective personality change in older adulthood. It provides a rare validation test of longitudinal measurements of personality change. A representative…
Interpersonal perception and personality disorders
Unemployment and the relationship between borderline personality pathology and health
Trajectories of racial and gender health disparities during later midlife
Race and gender influence health trajectories. Most personality- health associations replicated across race and gender, except for agreeableness with physical health. An intersectional framework considering more than one aspect of social identity is crucial for understanding health disparities. Future studies may benefit from including large, diverse samples of participants and further examining the moderating effects of race and gender on person…
Personality Accounts for the Connection Between Volunteering and Health
These results indicate that volunteering may be related to health outcomes because of the personality characteristics of volunteers, not the volunteering experience in and of itself. Future longitudinal studies are needed to further explore the relationship between personality, volunteering, and health
Deliberate Self-Harm in a Nonclinical Population
OBJECTIVE: Research on deliberate self-harm (intentionally injuring oneself without suicidal intent) has focused on clinical and forensic populations. Studying only these populations, which typically have serious psychopathology, may lead to inflated estimates of the association between self-harm and psychiatric disorder, as well as of the prevalence of deliberate self-harm. The present study investigated the prevalence and correlates of delibera…
Personality and the derogation of others
Perceptions of people with personality disorders based on thin slices of behavior
Meta-perception for pathological personality traits
Interpersonal Perception and Pathological Personality Features
This study investigated the consistency of interpersonal perceptions regarding people who exhibit features of personality disorders. The participants ( N =82) were college students who were assessed for features of personality disorders, using both self‐report and peer nominations at Time 1. Two years later, participants attended four meetings in groups of 7 to 12 people for a total of 2 hours. Group discussions were designed to encourage interac…
Mixed impressions
Improving Assessment of Personality Disorder Traits Through Social Network Analysis
When assessing personality disorder traits, not all judges make equally valid judgments of all targets. The present study uses social network analysis to investigate factors associated with reliability and validity in peer assessment. Participants were groups of military recruits ( N =809) who acted as both targets and judges in a round‐robin design. Participants completed self‐ and informant versions of the Multisource Assessment of Personality …
Interpersonal perception and personality disorders
Regional Analysis of Self‐Reported Personality Disorder Criteria
Building on the theoretical work of Louis Guttman, we propose that the core problem facing research into the multidimensional structure of the personality disorders is not the identification of factorial simple structure but rather detailed characterization of the multivariate configuration of the diagnostic criteria. Dimensions rotated to orthogonal or oblique simple structure are but one way out of many to characterize a multivariate map, and t…
Personality disorder in social networks
Being liked is more than having a good personality
Recruitment of African American men
This article describes the efforts of the St. Louis Personality and Aging Network (SPAN) team to increase participation by African American men in our study. Initially, African American men were participating at a rate far lower than both European American men and women and African American women. Two years into the study, the SPAN team constructed a letter targeted toward African American men that specifically requested their participation in th…
You probably think this paper's about you
Do narcissists have insight into the negative aspects of their personality and reputation? Using both clinical and subclinical measures of narcissism, the authors examined others' perceptions, self-perceptions, and meta-perceptions of narcissists across a wide range of traits for a new acquaintance and close other (Study 1), longitudinally with a group of new acquaintances (Study 2), and among coworkers (Study 3). Results bring 3 surprising concl…
Self‐Other Knowledge Asymmetries in Personality Pathology
OBJECTIVE: Self-reports of personality provide valid information about personality disorders (PDs). However, informant reports provide information about PDs that self-reports alone do not provide. The current article examines whether and when one perspective is more valid than the other in identifying PDs. METHOD: Using a representative sample of adults 55 to 65 years of age (N = 991; 45% males), we compared the validity of self- and informant (e…
Psychopathology
The Enduring Impact of Maladaptive Personality Traits on Relationship Quality and Health in Later Life
Over the past 5 years, the S t. L ouis Personality and A ging N etwork ( SPAN ) has been collecting data on personality in later life with an emphasis on maladaptive personality, social integration, and health outcomes in a representative sample of 1,630 adults aged 55–64 living in the S t. L ouis area. This program has confirmed the importance of considering both the normal range of personality and in particular the role of maladaptive traits in…
Personality Accounts for the Connection Between Volunteering and Health
These results indicate that volunteering may be related to health outcomes because of the personality characteristics of volunteers, not the volunteering experience in and of itself. Future longitudinal studies are needed to further explore the relationship between personality, volunteering, and health
The conscientious retiree
Abnormal Psychology
Variation in narrative identity is associated with trajectories of mental health over several years
This article presents 2 longitudinal studies designed to assess the relationship between variability in narrative identity and trajectories of mental health over several years. In Study 1, core scenes from 89 late-mid-life adults' life stories were assessed for several narrative themes. Participants' mental health and physical health were assessed concurrently with the narratives and annually for the subsequent 4 years. Concurrent analyses indica…
Personality Predicts Health Declines Through Stressful Life Events During Late Mid‐Life
Personality predicts the occurrence of dependent stressful life events (SLE; i.e., events reliant, at least in part, on an individual's behavior). This process, termed stress generation , contributes to psychiatric outcomes, but its role in physical health is unknown. Data were included from 998 participants (aged 55–64) in the St. Louis Personality and Aging Network (SPAN) study. Assessments occurred every 6 months for 18 months. Neuroticism, im…
Obsessive, compulsive, and conscientious? The relationship between OCPD and personality traits
OBJECTIVE: Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) is defined as being overly controlling, rigid, orderly, and perfectionistic. At a definitional level, OCPD would appear to be highly related to the trait of Conscientiousness. The current study attempts to disentangle this relationship by examining the relationship at a facet level using multiple forms of OCPD assessment and using multiple reports of OCPD and personality. In addition, th…
Trajectories of racial and gender health disparities during later midlife
Race and gender influence health trajectories. Most personality- health associations replicated across race and gender, except for agreeableness with physical health. An intersectional framework considering more than one aspect of social identity is crucial for understanding health disparities. Future studies may benefit from including large, diverse samples of participants and further examining the moderating effects of race and gender on person…
Unemployment and the relationship between borderline personality pathology and health
Personality change
The research literature on personality development is based mostly on self-report studies and on samples in younger adulthood. The present multimethod study examines self-other agreement on longitudinal personality change and convergence between self- and informant-reports of longitudinal and retrospective personality change in older adulthood. It provides a rare validation test of longitudinal measurements of personality change. A representative…
Personality (25 obras) · Psychology (25 obras) · Big Five personality traits (22 obras) · Social Psychology (22 obras) · Personality Traits and Psychology (17 obras) · Personality Disorders and Psychopathology (16 obras) · Clinical Psychology (15 obras) · Developmental psychology (12 obras) · Medicine (10 obras) · Personality disorders (8 obras)