Timothy K Perttula
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 249346 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Timothy K Perttula |
| PRENOMES | Timothy K |
| SOBRENOME | Perttula |
| ASSINATURA | PERTTULA T K |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Stephen F. Austin State University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-0799-1332 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 189 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 323 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 188 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 1 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1983 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 9 |
Glass Trade Beads from a Coushatta Indian Site in Northwestern Louisiana
Glass Trade Beads From A Coushatta Indian Site In Northwestern Louisiana, By Timothy K. Perttula (1993, 22:13-16)
A New Radiocarbon Database for the Lower 48 States
From 2014 to 2020, we compiled radiocarbon ages from the lower 48 states, creating a database of more than 100,000 archaeological, geological, and paleontological ages that will be freely available to researchers through the Canadian Archaeological Radiocarbon Database. Here, we discuss the process used to compile ages, general characteristics of the database, and lessons learned from this exercise in 'big data' compilation
Comments on “Tables 1–3 in Mesoamerican-Mississippian interaction across the far Southern Plains by Long-Range Toyah Intermediaries” (Carpenter 2020, Plains Anthropologist )
In Tables 1–3 of his recent article in Plains Anthropologist, Carpenter (2020) examines the material culture record of contact between the Southwest and the Caddo area as part of a broader consider...
Production Matters
Recent absorbed residue studies have confirmed that ceramic and shell containers were used for consuming Datura in precolumbian times. Until now, no one has identified what tools precolumbian people used to produce a concentrated hallucinogenic concoction. In this study, we used mass spectrometry to identify Datura residues (a flowering plant with hallucinogenic properties) in two late precolumbian composite bottles from the Central Arkansas Rive…
Shape as a function of time + raw material + burial context? An exploratory analysis of Perdiz arrow points from the ancestral Caddo area of the American Southeast
Temporal assignments carry substantive weight, and archaeologists regularly assume that artefacts from discrete temporal units may differ in ways that convey changes in preference or behaviour. Similarly, archaeologists regularly assume that raw material differences articulate with stone tool morphology, and the role of differential raw material quality and preference associated with Caddo lithic technology remains largely unexplored. Whether a p…
An Ancestral Caddo Ceramic Vessel from the Mack Spence Site (41CS6) in the Sulphur River Basin in East Texas
There is a single ancestral Caddo ceramic vessel in the vessel collections at the Texas Archeological Research Laboratory at The University of Texas at Austin from the Mack Spencer site (41CS6) near the Sulphur River in Cass County, in East Texas. The 2D documentation of the vessel is put on record in this article
The Ancestral Caddo Ceramic Vessel Sherd and Ceramic Pipe Sherd Assemblage From the A. C. Saunders Site (41an19) in the Upper Neches River Basin, Anderson County, Texas
The A. C. Saunders site (41AN19) is an important ancestral Caddo settlement in the upper Neches River basin in Anderson County in East Texas. The site is one of only a few ancestral Caddo sites with mound features in the upper Neches River basin, particularly those that are known to date after ca. A.D. 1400, but this part of the upper Neches River basin, including its many tributaries, such as Caddo Creek just to the south and west, was widely se…
Current Research
Recently, we had the opportunity to complete the documentation of Late Caddo period Titus phase ceramic vessels and other funerary offerings from the Tuck Carpenter site (41CP5) in the Big Cypress Creek basin in Camp County, Texas. This portion of the funerary assemblage from the site has been in the hands of R. W. Walsh since the 1960s. Unable to properly care for the assemblage, he recently donated his collection to an anonymous individual, who…
The Lithic and Ceramic Artifacts from the Spradley Site (41NA206), Nacogdoches County, Texas
The Spradley site (41NA206) is a Native American archaeological site in the Bayou La Nana valley in Nacogdoches County in the East Texas Pineywoods. Bayou La Nana is a southward-flowing tributary to the Angelina River. The site is best known for its late 17th-early 18th century Historic Caddo period occupation, and the recovery of a number of European trade goods from habitation deposits, but the site was also occupied in Late Archaic (ca. 5000-2…
A Caddo Ceramic Vessel Sherd Collection from a Site in the Upper Neches River Basin, Anderson County, Texas
Frank H. Watt (1889-1981) was a well-known and well-respected avocational archaeologist that lived in the Waco, Texas, area and studied the archaeology of the central Brazos River valley. He made forays into other parts of the state, however, including the Caddo archaeological area of East Texas. At an unknown date, probably in the 1950s or 1960s, Watt investigated an ancestral Caddo site on the Dennis Farm six miles northwest of the community of…
Vn63
Site 41VN63 is a multiple component Late Archaic (circa [ca.] 5000-2500 years B.P.) and Woodland period (ca. 2500-1150 years B.P.) site on an upland landform in the upper Sabine River basin. The site was recorded by James Malone (1972) during the archaeological survey of then-proposed Mineola Reservoir on the Sabine River; the reservoir has not been built. Malone described the site in 1971 as being located on an upland ridge on the southeast side…
Current Archeological Research in East Texas
Gus Arnold identified and recorded many ancestral Caddo sites during his 1939-1940 Works Progress Administration (WPA)-sponsored archeological survey of East Texas. Currently, I have been engaged in studying the artifact collections from 51 WPA sites in Angelina, Cherokee, Gregg, Jasper, Nacogdoches, Sabine, and San Augustine counties, especially the ceramic sherd assemblages, held by the Texas Archeological Research Laboratory at The University …
Southwestern Pottery Sherd from the Caddo Creek Valley in the Upper Neches River Basin of East Texas
There are material culture remains found on East Texas sites that provide direct evidence of farflung contacts between East Texas’s native American peoples and native American communities in the Southwest (see Baugh 1998). Such material culture items include obsidian from the Jemez Mountains of New Mexico (Perttula and Hester 2016), turquoise from New Mexico sources (Walters 2006), and sherds from ceramic vessels made in the Puebloan Southwest (H…
Continued Shovel Test Investigations at the Historic Caddo Allen Phase Bowles Creek Site (41CE475), Cherokee County, Texas
The Bowles Creek site (41CE475) on Bowles Creek in the Neches River basin in East Texas (Figure 1) is an important and well-preserved Historic Caddo Allen phase habitation site on a low alluvial rise not far north of the current channel of Bowles Creek (Perttula and Stingley 2016, 2017; Perttula et al. 2016). This article summarizes the archaeological findings from the February 2016 excavation of 18 additional shovel tests (ST 40-48 and ST 50-60)…
An Ancestral Caddo Ceramic Vessel from the Molly Cameron Site (41BW18) in the Sulphur River Basin in East Texas
The Molly Cameron site is an ancestral Caddo habitation site with burial features in the Sulphur River basin in East Texas, specifically on Aiken Creek, a southward-flowing tributary, about one mile east of the dam at Lake Wright Patman. The site was first exposed in 1928, when plowing of the land owned by W. K. Cameron exposed several ceramic vessels and human remains. One of the vessels was purchased by The University of Texas at Austin in Augu…
AG9 and 41AG10
Both 41AG9 (ET-609) and 41AG10 (ET-610) were identified and recorded by Gus E. Arnold in late 1939-early 1940 under the auspices of the very successful WPA University of Texas archaeological survey of East Texas; they are only ca. 400 m apart. The sites are on elevated alluvial landforms in the Percella Creek valley; Percella Creek is an eastward-flowing tributary to the Angelina River, and joins the river about 3 km to the east of the sites (Fig…
The Historic Caddo Component at the Roseborough Lake Site (41BW5) on the Red River in Bowie County, Texas
The Roseborough Lake site (41BW5) is on an old meander of the Red River “that was cut off in 1872 and named Roseborough Lake." It lies a few miles west of other important Late Caddo and Historic Caddo period sites, and a few miles west of Texarkana in Bowie County. The Roseborough Lake site is a large historic Caddo village occupied from the late 17th century until the late 18th century, with habitation features and cemeteries. It also is the loc…
Test Excavations and Additional Surface Collections at the Peach Orchard Site (41CE477) on Bowles Creek in Cherokee County, Texas
The most distinctive material culture item of the Caddo groups living in East Texas were the ceramics they made for cooking, storage, and serving needs, and also included as necessary funerary goods. The styles and forms of ceramics found on sites in the region hint at the variety, temporal span, and geographic extent of a number of ancestral Caddo groups spread across the landscape. The diversity in decoration and shape in Caddo ceramics is subs…
Another Look at the Snipes Site (41CS8) on the Sulphur River, Cass County, Texas
The Snipes site (41CS8) was excavated by Jelks in 1952 as part of the River Basins Surveys (RBS) program administered by the Smithsonian Institution in cooperation with the National Park Service, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, and the Bureau of Reclamation. Snipes was one of three sites excavated by the RBS prior to the inundation of a large part of the lower Sulphur River valley by Texarkana Reservoir, now Lake Wright Patman. The Snipes site …
Ancestral Caddo Ceramic Vessels from Sites in the Upper Neches River Basin in Anderson and Cherokee Counties, Texas
Late Caddo period sites belonging to the Frankston phase (ca. A.D. 1400-1680) and the Historic Caddo Allen phase (ca. A.D. 1680-1800) are common in the upper Neches River basin in East Texas, including habitation sites as well as associated and unassociated cemeteries. As is well known, ancestral Caddo cemeteries have burial features with associated funerary offerings, most commonly ceramic vessels. In this article, we document 34 ancestral Caddo…
Test Excavations and Additional Surface Collections at the Peach Orchard Site (41CE477) on Bowles Creek in Cherokee County, Texas
In March 2016, additional archaeological investigations were conducted at the Peach Orchard site (41CE477) in the Bowles Creek valley in Cherokee County, Texas. This is an area with numerous Historic Caddo Allen phase settlements, including the Peach Orchard site. Investigations at these sites have included pedestrian survey, systematic surface collections, intensive shovel testing, excavation of several 1 x 1 m units, and remote sensing. The anc…
Archaeological Investigations at the Bowles Creek Site (41CE475), Cherokee County, Texas, in Early 2017
The Bowles Creek is a substantial Historic Caddo period Allen phase settlement on a natural rise in the Bowles Creek floodplain in the Neches River basin in East Texas. There have been several rounds of work completed at the site since it was first recorded by Stingley, including shovel testing, the excavation of 1 x 1 m units, and the remote sensing of a 2400 square meter area. In this article, we discuss the archaeological findings from work do…
Archaeological Investigations at the Mike Myers Site (41CE481) on Bowles Creek in Cherokee County, Texas
The Mike Myers site is a multiple component prehistoric site in the Bowles Creek valley in the Neches River basin in East Texas. The site is on an upland landform (400 ft. amsl), now a pasture with low surface visibility, between Bowles Creek to the east ca. 100 m and a spring-fed branch to the west. The confluence of Bowles Creek with Jackson Branch lies ca. 600 m to the south. Soils on the site are classified as Nacogdoches fine sandy loam. Bas…
Early Sixteenth Century Caddo Population Distributions
Milner’s (2015:Figure 2.1) summary of the distribution of Native American population aggregates in eastern North America in the early sixteenth century depicts much of the southern Caddo area (of southwestern Arkansas, northwestern Louisiana, southeastern Oklahoma, and East Texas) as being sparsely settled or uninhabited in the early sixteenth century. Rather, as attested to by many years of archaeological investigations of a variety of Caddo sit…
Fit for War
Archeological Investigations at the Lang Pasture Site (41an38) in the Upper Neches River Basin of East Texas
Archeological testing at the Lang Pasture site (41AN38) and nearby Site 41AN159, was carried out in 2004 by a team of archeologists from Coastal Environments, Inc. and Archeological & Environmental Consultants, LLC, working under Texas Antiquities Permit No. 3333. Based on these efforts, it was determined that the Lang Pasture site had considerable research potential, as it contained remains of prehistoric Caddo domestic habitation and associated…
The Use of Shell-Tempered Pottery in the Caddo Area of the Southeastern United States
Freshwater mussel shell was used as a temper in the manufacture of ceramic vessels by potters in the Caddo area of the southeastern United States after ca. A.D. 1300. This was at least one or two centuries after it became the dominant temper used by aboriginal groups in much of the Eastern Woodlands but generally contemporaneous with shelltempered usage in parts of the Southern Plains. The introduction of shell temper was variable across the Cadd…
Advances in Documentation, Digital Curation, Virtual Exhibition, and a Test of 3D Geometric Morphometrics
Three-dimensional (3D) digital scanning of archaeological materials is typically used as a tool for artifact documentation. With the permission of the Caddo Nation of Oklahoma, 3D documentation of Caddo funerary vessels from the Vanderpool site (41SM77) was conducted with the initial goal of ensuring that these data would be publicly available for future research long after the vessels were repatriated. A digital infrastructure was created to arc…
The Evolution of a Caddo Community in Northeastern Texas
The Oak Hill Village (41RK214) in northeastern Texas is a prehistoric (ca. A.D. 1150-1450) Caddo settlement that was completely excavated in the mid-1990s prior to lignite mining activities. Analysis of the architectural remains, key calibrated radiocarbon dates, and changes in ceramic decorations, indicates that the village evolved as three temporally and spatially different communities composed of a number of separate households. Emerging in th…
Redwine or Pie-Crust Mode Forms in East Texas Caddo Ceramics and Comparisons with Sprocket-Rims of Southwest Arkansas
Caddo ceramics served many purposes, including cooking, storage, and the serving of foods and liquids. The various forms and shapes of these vessels were subject to the ideas of the potters themselves and the larger community of which they were a part. Products of human behavior reflect conscious and predictable actions that can be identified and measured in time and space. Artifacts are “embodiments of human behavior." The various elements that …
A Compendium of Radiocarbon and Oxidizable Carbon Ratio Dates from Archaeological Sites in East Texas, with A Discussion of the Age and Dating of Select Components and Phases
This paper presents a compilation of the >520 radiocarbon and oxidizable carbon ratio dates obtained since the early 1950s from archaeological sites in East Texas. Many of the dates are from difficult-to-obtain sources, such as archaeological sites investigated during the course of cultural resource management projects. An analysis of the age ranges in the dates indicate that most pertain to prehistoric and protohistoric Caddoan Indian occupation…
East Texas Caddo Ceramic Sherd Database
A considerable amount of effort has been expended over the years by archaeologists in the identification, description, and classification of ancestral Caddo ceramic vessels and sherds recovered from sites across East Texas, beginning with the masterful efforts of Alex D. Krieger. These analyses have led to an appreciation of the stylistic, technological, functional, and morphological character of Caddo ceramics, as well as their age, and their ro…
Ancestral Caddo Ceramics in East Texas
The most distinctive material culture item of the ancestral Caddo groups that lived in East Texas from ca. A.D. 900 to the 1830s were the ceramics they manufactured primarily for cooking, storage, and serving needs. The decorative styles and vessels forms of the ceramics found at sites in the region hint at the variety, temporal span, and geographic extent of a number of ancestral Caddo groups that lived in this area. The diversity in decoration …
Defining the provenance of red slipped pottery from Texas and Oklahoma by petrographic methods
Early Caddoan Subsistence Strategies, Sabine River Basin, East Texas
Well preserved faunal and floral materials recovered from the Taddlock and Spoonbill sites in the Sabine River Basin of East Texas provide one of the first opportunities to document the subsistence strategies of sedentary hamlet occupations during the Early Caddoan period. The Taddlock site, dated ca. A.D. 940-1000, has a large faunal assemblage indicating a generalized and balanced exploitation of small and large mammals, reptiles, and fish. The…
A New Radiocarbon Database for the Lower 48 States
From 2014 to 2020, we compiled radiocarbon ages from the lower 48 states, creating a database of more than 100,000 archaeological, geological, and paleontological ages that will be freely available to researchers through the Canadian Archaeological Radiocarbon Database. Here, we discuss the process used to compile ages, general characteristics of the database, and lessons learned from this exercise in 'big data' compilation
Documentation of Cemeteries and Funerary Offerings from Sites in the Upper Neches River Basin, Anderson, Cherokee, and Smith Counties, Texas
This publications concerns the documentation of ceramic vessels, a ceramic pipe, a stemmed arrow point, and glass beads from several post-A.D. 1400 ancestral Caddo sites in the upper Neches River basin in Smith, Anderson, and Cherokee counties, Texas. Two of the sites have been recorded and have state of Texas trinomials: Vanderpool (41SM77) on Saline Creek and Pipe (41AN67) along the Neches River, but the other sites (one also on Saline Creek) a…
Reconstructing the Paleodiet of the Caddo through Stable Isotopes
Maize agriculture is often regarded as a key component in understanding and evaluating the Mississippian culture and related cultures. It is becoming clear that the spread and intensification of maize agriculture relates to the dissemination of Mississippian cultural traits in a variety of ways, rather than through a set trajectory. In this article, we focus on the Caddo, who have been postulated to have subsisted on smaller amounts of maize than…
The Washington Square Mound Site and a Southeastern Ceremonial Complex Style Zone among the Caddo of Northeastern Texas
Regional variation is recognized within the Southeastern Ceremonial Complex and its larger symbolic and ceremonial complexes. In this article we identify and describe a northeastern Texas Caddo style zone centered on engraved rattlesnake representations and other symbols on fine ware ceramic vessels. We explore the use of these icons in a double burial from the late thirteenth to early fifteenth century A.D. Washington Square Mound Site in Nacogd…
Archeological Investigations at the Hudnall-Pirtle Site (41RK4) An Early Caddo Mound Center in Northeast Texas
The Hudnall-Pirtle site (41RK4) is situated on a large T-1 alluvial terrace of the Sabine River in northern Rusk County in Texas. This area of the state, commonly called Northeast Texas, is part of the Southern Gulf Coastal Plain, a relatively level, sloping plain formed by the pre-Pleistocene embayment of the Gulf of Mexico. From a biogeographical perspective, the site is located in the Oak-Hickory-Pine forest of eastern Texas, otherwise known a…
Caddoan Area archaeology since 1990
The Sanders Site
Recently, Frank F. Schambach has extended his argument that the Spiro phase occupation in the Arkansas Valley of Oklahoma represents an intrusion of people from the Central Mississippi Valley to include the Sanders site along the Red River Valley ofTexas. He now argues that this site also represents an intrusion of Mississippian peoples onto the Red River to control the flow of trade items between the Southern Plains and the Eastern Woodlands. A …
Inaa and the provenance of shell-tempered sherds in the ancestral Caddo region
Utility Ware Ceramic Metrics and Hasinai Caddo Archaeology in East Texas
The use of ceramic metrics (i.e., ratios of various categories of decorated sherds as well as use of different tempers) has become an important analytical tool in assessing the stylistic similarity of different assemblages of Late Caddo and Historic Caddo ceramic assemblages in East Texas. In this article, I employ recent compilations of ceramic vessel sherd assemblages from sites in the Neches, Angelina, and Sabine River basins that focus on the…
Historic Caddo Archaeological Sites in Cherokee County, Texas
The historic archaeology of the Caddo Indian peoples in East Texas has been the subject of considerable interest by Caddo archaeologists for a number of years. Much of that interest has been focused on the investigation of the effects of European contact on Caddo cultural traditions and practices, particularly the impact of introduced European epidemic diseases, and the impact of Spanish, French, and American colonization efforts. In recent years…
Little Cypress Creek Basin Archaeology
Our concern in this report is to present the archaeological findings from six Late Caddo (ca. A.D. 1450-1680) cemetery sites in the Little Cypress Creek basin in Upshur County, in East Texas. These are the Enis Smith (41 UR317), Henry Williams (41UR318), I. P. Starr (41 UR319), Herbert Taft (41 UR320), Frank Smith (41 UR326), and Frank Smith Refinery (41 UR327) sites. There are two other large Late Caddo cemeteries in this same area that will als…
Caddo Agriculture on the Western Frontier of the Eastern Woodlands
Tropical cultigens were adopted and used by the Caddo peoples and their ancestors beginning perhaps 2,000–2,500 years ago on the western frontier of the eastern Woodlands. These cultigens were not adopted as an agricultural package, but came to the Caddo at different times and places, first being squash (ca. 2000–2500 B.P.), then maize (several varieties, ca. 1150 B.P.), and last beans (ca. 650–700 B.P.). Oily and starchy seeds appear to have com…
Shape as a function of time + raw material + burial context? An exploratory analysis of Perdiz arrow points from the ancestral Caddo area of the American Southeast
Temporal assignments carry substantive weight, and archaeologists regularly assume that artefacts from discrete temporal units may differ in ways that convey changes in preference or behaviour. Similarly, archaeologists regularly assume that raw material differences articulate with stone tool morphology, and the role of differential raw material quality and preference associated with Caddo lithic technology remains largely unexplored. Whether a p…
Caddo Sites on Patroon, Palo Gaucho, and Housen Bayous in Sabine County in the Sabine River Basin of East Texas
The 13 ancestral Caddo sites and collections discussed in this article were recorded by G. E. Arnold of The University of Texas at Austin between January and April 1940 as part of a WPA-funded archaeological survey of East Texas. The sites are located along the lower reaches of Patroon, Palo Gaucho, and Housen bayous in Sabine County, Texas. These bayous are eastward-flowing tributaries to the Sabine River in the Toledo Bend Reservoir area, but o…
The Caddo Archaeology of the Musgano Site (41RK19) in the Sabine River Basin of East Texas
The Musgano site (41RK19) is an important ancestral Caddo habitation site on Martin Creek in Rusk County in the Sabine River basin in the East Texas Pineywoods. The site was investigated by the Texas Archeological Survey at The University of Texas at Austin in 1972 and 1973 prior to the construction of Martin Creek Lake by Texas Utilities Services, Inc., and a Caddo house structure, midden deposits, features, and a large ceramic assemblage were d…
Early Caddoan Subsistence Strategies, Sabine River Basin, East Texas
Well preserved faunal and floral materials recovered from the Taddlock and Spoonbill sites in the Sabine River Basin of East Texas provide one of the first opportunities to document the subsistence strategies of sedentary hamlet occupations during the Early Caddoan period. The Taddlock site, dated ca. A.D. 940-1000, has a large faunal assemblage indicating a generalized and balanced exploitation of small and large mammals, reptiles, and fish. The…
Defining the provenance of red slipped pottery from Texas and Oklahoma by petrographic methods
The Cheatwood Place (41RR181), a Midden Mound along Little Mustang Creek, Red River County, Texas
The Cheatwood Place is a multi-component midden mound located on an upland projection at the confluence of Christopher Branch and Little Mustang Creek, about 1.5 kilometers north of the Sulphur River. The site has thick midden deposits with excellent fauna! and shell preservation, and promises to contribute important information on several periods of Sulphur River prehistory. The archaeological record in this part of the Sulphur River basin is no…
Alcoa #1 (41an87)
The ALCOA #1 (41AN87) site is a Frankston Phase (ca. A.D. 1400-1650) site located on a high alluvial terrace of Mound Prairie Creek, about seven kilometers northeast of Palestine, Texas. Mound Prairie Creek, a perennial stream, flows southeast to east across the county and drains into the Neches River. The site is approximately 10 meters above the Mound Prairie Creek floodplain, and the creek channel is 300 meters to the south. Although the inves…
Kee-Oh-Na-Wah’-Wah
Beads of the Bison Robe Trade
The Z.V. Davis-McPeek Site, an Early Caddoan Mound Site in the Little Cypress Creek Valley, Upshur County, Texas
The Z.V. Davis-McPeek site (41UR4/99) is an Early Caddoan period mound and habitation area located in northwest Upshur County. The mound is on a broad terrace along Little Cypress Creek, in the western portion of the Cypress Basin. Since the initial recording of the site some 60 years ago, there have been several different but limited investigations there, but none have been published. These limited investigations, coupled with the uncertainty of…
The Carlisle Site (41WD46), a Middle Caddoan Occupation on the Sabine River, Wood County, Texas
The Carlisle site (41WD46) is located on the Sabine River near its confluence with Lake Fork Creek in the Upper Sabine River Basin. As defined by Perttula, the Upper Sabine River Basin includes the area from the headwaters of the Sabine River to the mouths of Cherokee Bayou and Hatley Creek at the western edge of the Sabine Uplift. Lake Fork Creek is one of several large south-southeastward flowing streams within the Upper Sabine River Basin. The…
New Folsom Point Finds From Eastern Texas
Largent et al. (1991) document 86 localities with 329 Folsom points found mainly in the Panhandle/ Plains, Trans-Pecos, and Central Texas regions. Folsom finds are rare in the eastern region ofTexas. To add to the data set on Folsom points, additional information and/or clarification is provided on several Folsom points and new localities found in eastern Texas
Material culture of the Koasati Indians of Texas
The Caddo Nation
The Caddo Nation
Collected Papers on Caddoan Archaeology in the Upper Sabine River Basin, Northeastern Texas
This Special Publication of the Friends of Northeast Texas Archaeology presents a series of papers written and published between 1983-1994 on various aspects of the archaeology of the Upper Sabine River basin in Northeast Texas (Figure 1). Their particular focus is on the lifeways and material culture of the Caddoan peoples who permanently settled in the basin between about A.D. 700-800 (if not earlier) and the mid- 1700s. This part of Northeast …
The Sanders Site
Recently, Frank F. Schambach has extended his argument that the Spiro phase occupation in the Arkansas Valley of Oklahoma represents an intrusion of people from the Central Mississippi Valley to include the Sanders site along the Red River Valley ofTexas. He now argues that this site also represents an intrusion of Mississippian peoples onto the Red River to control the flow of trade items between the Southern Plains and the Eastern Woodlands. A …
Medicine Mounds Ranch
Changes in federal legislation are challenging cultural resource managers studying Native American lifeways of the recent or distant past to document and evaluate a new class of properties-traditional cultural properties. As a class, however, traditional cultural properties are difficult to identify, and the arguments to verify their existence sometimes rely on lines of evidence not always employed by archaeologists or historians. This article fo…
Caddo Ceramics on the Red River in North Central Texas
Caddo ceramics manufactured after A.D. 900 were widely traded in Texas, being found in some quantity on North Central, East Central, Central, and inland Southeast Texas archeological sites. They were also traded with prehistoric peoples in the Midwest (as far north as Iowa and Illinois) and the Southeastern U.S. While archeologists have known this for some time, much of the ceramic evidence for prehistoric Caddoan trade and exchange with other Na…
Caddoan Area archaeology since 1990
The Caddoan Archaeology of the Sabine River Basin during the Middle Caddoan Period
Compared to the earlier and later parts of the prehistoric Caddoan archaeological record in Northeast Texas, archaeologists do not know much about the Middle Caddoan period (ca. A.D. 1200-1400) in the Sabine River basin. During the last few years, however, new archaeological information on settlements, subsistence, and the diverse material culture record suggest that the era was a time of significant cultural change for Caddoan peoples living in …
Radiocarbon and Oxidizable Carbon Ratio Dates From the Camp Joy Mound (41UR144) in Northeast Texas
The Camp Joy Mound (41UR144) is a looted Caddo mound on property owned by the U.S. Anny Corps of Engineers, Fort Worth District, at Lake o' the Pines. Although only a small number of artifacts have been found in the mound deposits - principally a few brushed sherds - it appears to be a Late Caddoan period construction with two mound platforms, separated by extensive charcoal lenses from one ( or more) burned Caddoan structure e~posed in a larger …
A Radiocarbon Date from the Coker Mound (41CS1)
The Coker Mound (41CS1) on the Sulphur River is one of the more poorly known Caddoan mound sites in Northeast Texas. Recorded and tested by the University of Texas in 1932, the work done then at a conical mound at the site did not clearly establish either the function of the mound, its age, or its cultural affiliations with other prehistoric Caddoan groups in the region
The Archaeology of the Middle Caddoan Period in the Middle Red River Valley of Northeast Texas
Middle Caddoan period sites (estimated to date from ca. A.D. 1100-1300/1350; in the Middle Red River Valley of Northeast Texas appear to have cultural affiliation with the Sanders phase/focus originally recognized by Krieger. Sanders phase components are distributed in the Middle Red, Kiamichi, and Upper Sabine River basins of Southeast Oklahoma and Northeast Texas. In the Middle Red River valley, key components include the A.C. Mackin (41LR36), …
A Compendium of Radiocarbon and Oxidizable Carbon Ratio Dates from Archaeological Sites in East Texas, with A Discussion of the Age and Dating of Select Components and Phases
This paper presents a compilation of the >520 radiocarbon and oxidizable carbon ratio dates obtained since the early 1950s from archaeological sites in East Texas. Many of the dates are from difficult-to-obtain sources, such as archaeological sites investigated during the course of cultural resource management projects. An analysis of the age ranges in the dates indicate that most pertain to prehistoric and protohistoric Caddoan Indian occupation…
The Caddo Indians
Radiocarbon and Oxidizable Carbon Ratio Dates from Archaeological Sites in East Texas, Part II
This paper presents a second compilation of recently obtained radiocarbon and oxidizable carbon ratio dates obtained from archaeological sites in East Texas. An analysis of the age ranges in the more than 585 dates from East Texas archaeological sites indicate that most pertain to prehistoric and protohistoric Caddoan Indian occupations, particularly the Early (A.D. 1000-1200) and Middle Caddoan (A.D. 1200-1400) periods when prehistoric Caddoan s…
Archaeological Investigations at the Redwine Site (41SM193), Smith County, Texas
The Redwine site (41SM193) is a probable Middle Caddoan habitation site located on an upland terrace (Figure I) on the headwaters of Auburn Creek, a small tributary of the Sabine River in central Smith County; the Angelina River drainage basin begins about 1.5 km to the south of the site. Auburn Creek is about 100 meters to the north of the site. The Sabine River lies approximately 24 km to the north. Soils on the Redwine site are Bowie fine sand…
Archaeology (182 obras) · Archaeology and Natural History (181 obras) · Geography (172 obras) · Botany, Ecology, and Taxonomy Studies (164 obras) · Geology (124 obras) · Botanical Research and Applications (81 obras) · Structural basin (57 obras) · Geomorphology (47 obras) · Cartography (43 obras) · History (42 obras)