Anthony N Doob
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 253493 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Anthony N Doob |
| PRENOMES | Anthony N |
| SOBRENOME | Doob |
| ASSINATURA | DOOB A N |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of Toronto |
| VERIFICADO | Não |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 40 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 276 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 40 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1966 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 11 |
Strange Bedfellows? Stability and Politicization in Canadian Sentencing
Canadian imprisonment rates have not changed appreciably in the past 75 years. Canada has generally left sentencing to judges rather than impose strict directives through legislation. Yet, this stability hides considerable variability in process and objectives across historical eras. Until the turn of the twenty-first century, sentencing reform in Canada was about “doing policy.” The primary objective was to make the criminal justice system more …
Prevenindo a delinqüência violenta nos jovens
Este trabalho sugere um referencial para pensar a prevenção da violência juvenil. A decisão sobre quais medidas deprevenção do crime devem ser tomadas começa pela análise não só da efetividade, mas também dos custos dasmedidas em diferentes circunstâncias. O segundo passo é igualmente difícil: a intervenção deve ser focalizada nalocalidade específica onde o problema está acontecendo, ou seja, o foco deve recair sobre aspectos mais gerais, comoa j…
The Will to Change
In 1997, Canada's youth custodial facilities held 3825 sentenced youths. Eighteen years later, this number was 527-an 86 percent reduction. Overall youth imprisonment (sentenced + pretrial detention) decreased by approximately 73 percent. This paper uses Canada's successful decarceration of youths to understand what might be learned about decarceration more broadly. By examining the reforms that transpired in Canada's treatment of young offenders…
Penal Optimism
Until the early 1970s, the United States and Canada both had relatively stable imprisonment rates. This paper uses Canada’s continued stability in its rate of incarceration since this period to develop two intertwined explanations for the growth in US imprisonment between 1973 and 2010. First, using data on the relative size of the growth in imprisonment of the individual states, it presents findings that suggest that increased imprisonment was i…
Weathering the Storm? Testing Long-Standing Canadian Sentencing Policy in the Twenty-First Century
In contrast with many Western nations, the structure of Canadian sentencing and its overall effects on imprisonment did not change dramatically over the past century. To a large extent, Parliament left sentencing to judges. Broadly speaking, imprisonment was seen as a necessary evil to be used sparingly. Sentencing principles legislated in 1996 largely reflected the status quo. However, the period 2006–15 reflected a dramatic break. The Conservat…
US punitiveness ‘Canadian style’? Cultural values and Canadian punishment policy
From the mid-19th century until 2006, Canadian official policy statements (from both Liberal and Conservative governments) made it clear that offending was seen as largely socially determined and that it was the state’s responsibility to try to reintegrate those who offend back into mainstream society. In this context, imprisonment was seen as a necessary evil, to be avoided wherever possible. The era since 2006 looks considerably more American t…
Creating the Will to Change
Penal reform ‘Canadian style’
To fulfil a political promise to eliminate the provincial fiscal deficit, the (conservative) Premier of Alberta cut all budgets by roughly 20 per cent in 1993–1994. As an unanticipated by-product, this political solution to a political problem resulted in a 32 per cent decrease in provincial imprisonment between 1993 and 1997. Economic imperatives created the catalyst for changes in imprisonment policies. However, the types of change and the mech…
Overview of “The past as prologue? Decarceration in California then and now”
Research Summary In 1968, California Governor Ronald Reagan's second year in office, the imprisonment rate in the state's institutions was 146 per 100,000 residents. In 1972, California's state prisons incarcerated 96 prisoners per 100,000 residents – a decrease of 34% and the state's lowest level of imprisonment since at least 1950. This study examines how this reduction was accomplished during the tenure of a governor elected in part because of…
The past as prologue
American imprisonment and prison officers’ unions
The Parable of Ms Baker
Although Canada's overall and violent crime rate dropped dramatically between the early 1990s and 2007 and its overall imprisonment rate has been relatively stable for the past 50 years, the portion of all prisoners who have not yet been sentenced (largely remand prisoners) has increased dramatically. The remand rate tripled between 1978 and 2007. Various explanations for this increase are explored in this article. In the end, we conclude that Ca…
America in a Larger World
Punitive Trends and Stable Imprisonment Rates in Canada
The stability of Canada’s level of imprisonment from 1960 to 2005 contrasts with the increased incarceration rates experienced by Canada’s most obvious comparators—the United States and England and Wales. Canada is not immune to pressure for harsher practices and policies, but at least until the end of 2005 it countered or balanced these trends with other moderating forces. Canadians have largely minimized the impact of risk factors at the root o…
Proposition 8 and Crime Rates in California
Research Summary: In 1999, Daniel Kessler and Steven Levitt published an article that purported to provide support for the marginal deterrent effects of harsher sanctions on levels of crime. Specifically, they concluded that sentence enhancements that came into effect in California in June 1982 as a result of Proposition 8 were responsible for a subsequent drop in serious crime in this state. Our article examines the analyses and findings of this…
Punishing youth crime in Canada
The Government of Canada, in its 2003 changes in the law governing young offenders, managed to appear to be ‘tough on crime’ while, at the same time, attempting to reduce the use of the formal youth justice system. This was accomplished by focusing public statements on tough, symbolic measures that had little impact on the manner in which young offenders were punished while at the same time promoting, in its legislation, attempts to reduce the ra…
Assessing punitiveness in Canadian youth justice
Countering Punitiveness
Canada's imprisonment rate has not changed appreciably since 1960. This stability contrasts with the increased imprisonment rates experienced by Canada's most obvious comparators-the United States and England and Wales. We examine this divergence and propose several interrelated explanations for Canada's anomalous pattern. While Canada is shown not to be immune to pressure for harsher practices and policies, it has been able to counter or balance…
Varieties of Youth Justice
Youth Justice in Canada
Starting in 1908 with a law based on welfare principles and finishing in 2003 with a law based on criminal law principles and proportionality, successive changes in Canada's youth justice legislation have provided additional structure in governing the key decisions involving youths. While criminal law in Canada, including youth justice laws, is a federal responsibility, the provinces administer the law. Interestingly, there are very large differe…
Sentence Severity and Crime
The literature on the effects of sentence severity on crime levels has been reviewed numerous times in the past twenty-five years. Most reviews conclude that there is little or no consistent evidence that harsher sanctions reduce crime rates in Western populations. Nevertheless, most reviewers have been reluctant to conclude that variation in the severity of sentence does not have differential deterrent impacts. A reasonable assessment of the res…
Race, Ethnicity, and Criminal Justice in Canada
The relationship between crime and race or ethnicity has important implications for Canada. The constitution affirms the country's multicultural heritage. As in other Western nations, certain minorities are overrepresented in the prison population. Aboriginal and black offenders account for a disproportionate number of admissions. There has not been much research on why such disproportions exist, except concerning Aboriginal Canadians. Canada is …
Judicial Decision Making, Sentencing Policy, and Numerical Guidance
A View from the Shadows
Perspectives in Criminal Law
Television viewing and fear of victimization
Previous findings have suggested that people who watch a lot of television are more likely to fear their environment than are those who report being less frequent viewers of television. From this simple correlation, previous authors have suggested that television causes people to overestimate the amount of danger that exists in their own neighborhoods. The present study attempted to replicate this finding and to determine if the apparent effect w…
Countering Punitiveness
Canada's imprisonment rate has not changed appreciably since 1960. This stability contrasts with the increased imprisonment rates experienced by Canada's most obvious comparators-the United States and England and Wales. We examine this divergence and propose several interrelated explanations for Canada's anomalous pattern. While Canada is shown not to be immune to pressure for harsher practices and policies, it has been able to counter or balance…
Sentence Severity and Crime
The literature on the effects of sentence severity on crime levels has been reviewed numerous times in the past twenty-five years. Most reviews conclude that there is little or no consistent evidence that harsher sanctions reduce crime rates in Western populations. Nevertheless, most reviewers have been reluctant to conclude that variation in the severity of sentence does not have differential deterrent impacts. A reasonable assessment of the res…
Opponent's personality, expectation of social interaction, and interpersonal bargaining
Deviancy
US punitiveness ‘Canadian style’? Cultural values and Canadian punishment policy
From the mid-19th century until 2006, Canadian official policy statements (from both Liberal and Conservative governments) made it clear that offending was seen as largely socially determined and that it was the state’s responsibility to try to reintegrate those who offend back into mainstream society. In this context, imprisonment was seen as a necessary evil, to be avoided wherever possible. The era since 2006 looks considerably more American t…
Post-decision dissonance at the polling booth
Catharsis through displacement of aggression
Proposition 8 and Crime Rates in California
Research Summary: In 1999, Daniel Kessler and Steven Levitt published an article that purported to provide support for the marginal deterrent effects of harsher sanctions on levels of crime. Specifically, they concluded that sentence enhancements that came into effect in California in June 1982 as a result of Proposition 8 were responsible for a subsequent drop in serious crime in this state. Our article examines the analyses and findings of this…
Catharsis and aggression
Delay of measurement and the effects of film violence
The past as prologue
Stigma and compliance
Penal reform ‘Canadian style’
To fulfil a political promise to eliminate the provincial fiscal deficit, the (conservative) Premier of Alberta cut all budgets by roughly 20 per cent in 1993–1994. As an unanticipated by-product, this political solution to a political problem resulted in a 32 per cent decrease in provincial imprisonment between 1993 and 1997. Economic imperatives created the catalyst for changes in imprisonment policies. However, the types of change and the mech…
Race, Ethnicity, and Criminal Justice in Canada
The relationship between crime and race or ethnicity has important implications for Canada. The constitution affirms the country's multicultural heritage. As in other Western nations, certain minorities are overrepresented in the prison population. Aboriginal and black offenders account for a disproportionate number of admissions. There has not been much research on why such disproportions exist, except concerning Aboriginal Canadians. Canada is …
The Will to Change
In 1997, Canada's youth custodial facilities held 3825 sentenced youths. Eighteen years later, this number was 527-an 86 percent reduction. Overall youth imprisonment (sentenced + pretrial detention) decreased by approximately 73 percent. This paper uses Canada's successful decarceration of youths to understand what might be learned about decarceration more broadly. By examining the reforms that transpired in Canada's treatment of young offenders…
The effects on arousal of frustration and aggressive films
Effect of initial selling price on subsequent sales
Weathering the Storm? Testing Long-Standing Canadian Sentencing Policy in the Twenty-First Century
In contrast with many Western nations, the structure of Canadian sentencing and its overall effects on imprisonment did not change dramatically over the past century. To a large extent, Parliament left sentencing to judges. Broadly speaking, imprisonment was seen as a necessary evil to be used sparingly. Sentencing principles legislated in 1996 largely reflected the status quo. However, the period 2006–15 reflected a dramatic break. The Conservat…
Punitive Trends and Stable Imprisonment Rates in Canada
The stability of Canada’s level of imprisonment from 1960 to 2005 contrasts with the increased incarceration rates experienced by Canada’s most obvious comparators—the United States and England and Wales. Canada is not immune to pressure for harsher practices and policies, but at least until the end of 2005 it countered or balanced these trends with other moderating forces. Canadians have largely minimized the impact of risk factors at the root o…
Signaling unmodifiable shocks
Creating the Will to Change
Punishing youth crime in Canada
The Government of Canada, in its 2003 changes in the law governing young offenders, managed to appear to be ‘tough on crime’ while, at the same time, attempting to reduce the use of the formal youth justice system. This was accomplished by focusing public statements on tough, symbolic measures that had little impact on the manner in which young offenders were punished while at the same time promoting, in its legislation, attempts to reduce the ra…
Overview of “The past as prologue? Decarceration in California then and now”
Research Summary In 1968, California Governor Ronald Reagan's second year in office, the imprisonment rate in the state's institutions was 146 per 100,000 residents. In 1972, California's state prisons incarcerated 96 prisoners per 100,000 residents – a decrease of 34% and the state's lowest level of imprisonment since at least 1950. This study examines how this reduction was accomplished during the tenure of a governor elected in part because of…
Youth Justice in Canada
Starting in 1908 with a law based on welfare principles and finishing in 2003 with a law based on criminal law principles and proportionality, successive changes in Canada's youth justice legislation have provided additional structure in governing the key decisions involving youths. While criminal law in Canada, including youth justice laws, is a federal responsibility, the provinces administer the law. Interestingly, there are very large differe…
Opponent's personality, expectation of social interaction, and interpersonal bargaining
Effect of initial selling price on subsequent sales
Deviancy
Stigma and compliance
Catharsis and aggression
Signaling unmodifiable shocks
Delay of measurement and the effects of film violence
Catharsis through displacement of aggression
The effects on arousal of frustration and aggressive films
Justice and the Jury
The jury has been described as serving one of two separate functions. It can be seen as an institution designed to ensure the accuracy of fact finding in the adjudication of disputes, applying to the facts of the dispute the law as given by the judge; or it can be seen as an institution which has the right to construe or ignore a relevant rule of law in a case in which its application would not be in accord with the notions of justice and fairnes…
Post-decision dissonance at the polling booth
Attribution and aggression
Television viewing and fear of victimization
Previous findings have suggested that people who watch a lot of television are more likely to fear their environment than are those who report being less frequent viewers of television. From this simple correlation, previous authors have suggested that television causes people to overestimate the amount of danger that exists in their own neighborhoods. The present study attempted to replicate this finding and to determine if the apparent effect w…
Montée et déclin de la déjudiciarisation dans la législation sur les mineurs délinquants au Canada
Doob Anthony N. Montée et déclin de la déjudiciarisation dans la législation sur les mineurs délinquants au Canada. In: Déviance et société. 1980 - Vol. 4 - N°3. pp. 231-243
Criminological Research in Canada
Perspectives in Criminal Law
Judicial Decision Making, Sentencing Policy, and Numerical Guidance
A View from the Shadows
Race, Ethnicity, and Criminal Justice in Canada
The relationship between crime and race or ethnicity has important implications for Canada. The constitution affirms the country's multicultural heritage. As in other Western nations, certain minorities are overrepresented in the prison population. Aboriginal and black offenders account for a disproportionate number of admissions. There has not been much research on why such disproportions exist, except concerning Aboriginal Canadians. Canada is …
Sentence Severity and Crime
The literature on the effects of sentence severity on crime levels has been reviewed numerous times in the past twenty-five years. Most reviews conclude that there is little or no consistent evidence that harsher sanctions reduce crime rates in Western populations. Nevertheless, most reviewers have been reluctant to conclude that variation in the severity of sentence does not have differential deterrent impacts. A reasonable assessment of the res…
Varieties of Youth Justice
Youth Justice in Canada
Starting in 1908 with a law based on welfare principles and finishing in 2003 with a law based on criminal law principles and proportionality, successive changes in Canada's youth justice legislation have provided additional structure in governing the key decisions involving youths. While criminal law in Canada, including youth justice laws, is a federal responsibility, the provinces administer the law. Interestingly, there are very large differe…
Proposition 8 and Crime Rates in California
Research Summary: In 1999, Daniel Kessler and Steven Levitt published an article that purported to provide support for the marginal deterrent effects of harsher sanctions on levels of crime. Specifically, they concluded that sentence enhancements that came into effect in California in June 1982 as a result of Proposition 8 were responsible for a subsequent drop in serious crime in this state. Our article examines the analyses and findings of this…
Punishing youth crime in Canada
The Government of Canada, in its 2003 changes in the law governing young offenders, managed to appear to be ‘tough on crime’ while, at the same time, attempting to reduce the use of the formal youth justice system. This was accomplished by focusing public statements on tough, symbolic measures that had little impact on the manner in which young offenders were punished while at the same time promoting, in its legislation, attempts to reduce the ra…
Assessing punitiveness in Canadian youth justice
Political science (25 obras) · Criminal Justice and Corrections Analysis (22 obras) · Criminology (22 obras) · Psychology (22 obras) · Sociology (22 obras) · Law (21 obras) · Law (21 obras) · Social Psychology (14 obras) · Crime Patterns and Interventions (12 obras) · Imprisonment (11 obras)