Michaela Johns
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 257840 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Michaela Johns |
| PRENOMES | Michaela |
| SOBRENOME | Johns |
| ASSINATURA | JOHNS M |
| AFILIAÇÕES | New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-1868-8141 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 43 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 465 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 43 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1987 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 7 |
Walking a tightrope
Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, governments and health agencies were responsible for communicating vital information to the public. To effectively communicate the severity of the situation and to encourage the public to follow recommendations, best practices for public communication during emergencies often emphasize two objectives: building trust and being transparent. Doing so can require communicators to “walk a tightrope,” where the success…
How does it feel to talk about Russia? Emotions and themes in Russia-related social media posts in Lithuania
This study analyses the complex emotions and level of user engagement associated with mentions of Russia by Lithuanian socio-political influencers on publicly available Facebook posts between 2015 and 2020. Using the CrowdTangle API and a mixed methods approach to data, we examined four potentially sensitive periods – around elections, a political corruption scandal, and during the first COVID-19-related national lockdowns, annotated for emotion …
Lives versus livelihoods
Many policies were put in place during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States to manage the negative impact of the coronavirus. Limiting severe illness and death was one important objective of these policies, but it is widely acknowledged by public health ethicists that pandemic policies needed to consider other factors. Drawing on semi-structured interviews with 38 people across 17 states who participated in the state-level COVID-19 pandemic…
Staying in the lane' of public health? Boundary-work in the roles of state health officials and experts in Covid-19 policymaking
The state-level COVID-19 response in the United States necessitated collaboration between governor' offices, health departments and numerous other departments and outside experts. To gain insight into how health officials and experts contributed to advising on COVID-19 policies, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 25 individuals with a health specialisation who were involved in COVID-19 policymaking, taking place between February and Dec…
Comparing Single-Word Insertions and Multi-Word Alternations in Bilingual Speech
Prominent sociolinguistic theories of language mixing have posited that single-word insertions of one language into the other are the result of a distinct process than multi-word alternations between two languages given that the former overwhelmingly surface morphosyntactically integrated into the surrounding language. To date, this distinction has not been tested in comprehension. The present study makes use of pupillometry to examine the online…
Priming and persistence in bilinguals
Most studies on lexical priming have examined single words presented in isolation, despite language users rarely encountering words in such cases. The present study builds upon this by examining both within-language identity priming and across-language translation priming in sentential contexts. Highly proficient Spanish–English bilinguals read sentence-question pairs, where the sentence contained the prime and the question contained the target. …
Is codeswitching easy or difficult? Testing processing cost through the prosodic structure of bilingual speech
The effects of information structure in the processing of word order variation in the second language
Traditionally, it has been claimed that the non-canonical word order of passives makes them inherently more difficult to comprehend than their canonical active counterparts both in the first (L1) and second language (L2). However, growing evidence suggests that non-canonical word orders are not inherently more difficult to process than canonical counterparts when presented with discourse contexts that license their information structure constrain…
Mixing things up
Aims and objectives/purpose/research questions: The goal of this study is to determine if the way in which codemixed sentences are presented during experimental lab sessions affects the way they are processed, and how experimental design approximates (or not) patterns of language use in bilingual populations. Design/methodology/approach: An eye-tracking study was conducted comparing reading times on codemixed and unilingual Spanish sentences acro…
Constitutional politics and the territorial question in Canada and the United Kingdom
Constitutional politics and the territorial question in Canada and the United Kingdom: Federalism and devolution compared." Regional & Federal Studies, 30(1), pp. 113–114
New York City flavoured tobacco product sales ban evaluation
Flavoured tobacco product sales and odds of ever using flavoured tobacco products or using any tobacco products among teens declined significantly after ban enforcement began. Collectively these findings demonstrate significant evidence that the flavoured tobacco products sales ban was successful in New York City, and could succeed elsewhere
Use of Regional Data to Validate and Recalibrate Self-reported Hypertension
Loose Cigarette Purchasing and Nondaily Smoking Among Young Adult Bar Patrons in New York City
Objectives. We examined loose cigarette (loosie) purchasing behavior among young adult (aged 18–26 years) smokers at bars in New York City and factors associated with purchase and use. Methods. Between June and December 2013, we conducted cross-sectional surveys (n = 1916) in randomly selected bars and nightclubs. Using multivariable logistic regression models, we examined associations of loose cigarette purchasing and use with smoking frequency,…
One cigarette is one too many
This study provides evidence that light smokers were receptive to a targeted antitobacco message encouraging use of cessation services. The campaign appears to have been particularly effective in increasing smoking-related health concerns in this group. The lack of difference in perceived ad effectiveness by smoker type suggests the potential to develop such ads without sacrificing broad impact
Smoke-free parks and beaches
These results are consistent with previous studies and provide population-level evidence that suggest the law has reduced smoking in parks and on beaches
Making It Harder to Smoke and Easier to Quit
In 2002, New York City implemented a comprehensive tobacco control plan that discouraged smoking through excise taxes and smoke-free air laws and facilitated quitting through population-wide cessation services and hard-hitting media campaigns. Following the implementation of these activities through a well-funded and politically supported program, the adult smoking rate declined by 28% from 2002 to 2012, and the youth smoking rate declined by 52%…
Exposure to Tobacco Retail Outlets and Smoking Initiation among New York City Adolescents
Evaluating New York City's Smoke‐Free Parks and Beaches Law
This article describes the evaluation of the law banning smoking in New York City's parks and beaches that went into effect in 2011. We discuss the practical and methodological challenges that emerged in evaluating this law, and describe how we applied the principles of critical multiplism to address these issues. The evaluation uses data from three complementary studies, each with a unique set of strengths and weaknesses that can provide converg…
Citizenship in an Enlarging Europe
Self-esteem and autonomic physiology
Expressing Identities in the Basque Arena by Jeremy MacClancy
An integrated process model of stereotype threat effects on performance.
Research showing that activation of negative stereotypes can impair the performance of stigmatized individuals on a wide variety of tasks has proliferated. However, a complete understanding of the processes underlying these stereotype threat effects on behavior is still lacking. The authors examine stereotype threat in the context of research on stress arousal, vigilance, working memory, and self-regulation to develop a process model of how negat…
Internal motivation to respond without prejudice and automatic egalitarian goal activation
The Quality of Divided Democracies. Minority Inclusion, Exclusion, and Representation in the New Europe
In the aftermath of the breakup of the Soviet Union and ahead of the 2004 expansion of the European Union into Central and Eastern Europe, many scholars focused their attention on the small Baltic
Understanding the Gender Gap in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics Fields
Converging evidence that stereotype threat reduces working memory capacity
Although research has shown that priming negative stereotypes leads to lower performance among stigmatized individuals, little is understood about the cognitive mechanism that accounts for these effects. Three experiments tested the hypothesis that stereotype threat interferes with test performance because it reduces individuals' working memory capacity. Results show that priming self-relevant negative stereotypes reduces women's (Experiment 1) a…
The Costs of Accepting Gender Differences
Combating stereotype threat
Urbanism, Colonialism, and the World-Economy
1. Introduction: urbanism, colonialism and the world economy 2. Incorporating the periphery (1) colonial cities 3. Incorporating the periphery (2) urban planning in the colonies 4. Viewing the world as one (1) urban history and the world system 5. Viewing the world as one (2) culture and the political economy of urban form 6. Changes in the core (1) the global production of building form 7. Changes in the core (2) architecture, building and the n…
A Function of Form
Drawing on lay epistemology theory, the authors assessed a terror management analysis of the psychological function of structuring social information. Seven studies tested variations of the hypothesis that simple, benign interpretations of social information function, in part, to manage death-related anxiety. In Studies 1-4, mortality salience (MS) exaggerated primacy effects and reliance on representative information, decreased preference for a …
Do as I Say, Not as I Do”
This article tests the assumption that the European Union has forced the potential new members from Eastern Europe to adhere to standards regarding the treatment of national minorities current member states do not meet. The article examines the treatment of the Russian minorities in Latvia and Estonia and the Roma population in Slovakia compared to the treatment of the Turks in Germany and the Roma in Italy. Using EU accession reports, Organizati…
Exposure to Tobacco Retail Outlets and Smoking Initiation among New York City Adolescents
The Antinomies of Ruling Class Culture
To legitimate their privileged, rentier position, and to trumpet Argentine progress, the rulers of Buenos Aires lavished much of their extraordinary wealth on a cosmopolitan style of consumption designed to imitate, if not outdo, the elites of Paris and London. But, the local relations of production and politics lagged behind this ruling class' advanced status as consumers. Hence the unresolved tension in its desire to create a modern, cosmopolit…
Making It Harder to Smoke and Easier to Quit
In 2002, New York City implemented a comprehensive tobacco control plan that discouraged smoking through excise taxes and smoke-free air laws and facilitated quitting through population-wide cessation services and hard-hitting media campaigns. Following the implementation of these activities through a well-funded and politically supported program, the adult smoking rate declined by 28% from 2002 to 2012, and the youth smoking rate declined by 52%…
Evaluating New York City's Smoke‐Free Parks and Beaches Law
This article describes the evaluation of the law banning smoking in New York City's parks and beaches that went into effect in 2011. We discuss the practical and methodological challenges that emerged in evaluating this law, and describe how we applied the principles of critical multiplism to address these issues. The evaluation uses data from three complementary studies, each with a unique set of strengths and weaknesses that can provide converg…
Internal motivation to respond without prejudice and automatic egalitarian goal activation
The effects of information structure in the processing of word order variation in the second language
Traditionally, it has been claimed that the non-canonical word order of passives makes them inherently more difficult to comprehend than their canonical active counterparts both in the first (L1) and second language (L2). However, growing evidence suggests that non-canonical word orders are not inherently more difficult to process than canonical counterparts when presented with discourse contexts that license their information structure constrain…
Loose Cigarette Purchasing and Nondaily Smoking Among Young Adult Bar Patrons in New York City
Objectives. We examined loose cigarette (loosie) purchasing behavior among young adult (aged 18–26 years) smokers at bars in New York City and factors associated with purchase and use. Methods. Between June and December 2013, we conducted cross-sectional surveys (n = 1916) in randomly selected bars and nightclubs. Using multivariable logistic regression models, we examined associations of loose cigarette purchasing and use with smoking frequency,…
Lives versus livelihoods
Many policies were put in place during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States to manage the negative impact of the coronavirus. Limiting severe illness and death was one important objective of these policies, but it is widely acknowledged by public health ethicists that pandemic policies needed to consider other factors. Drawing on semi-structured interviews with 38 people across 17 states who participated in the state-level COVID-19 pandemic…
Staying in the lane' of public health? Boundary-work in the roles of state health officials and experts in Covid-19 policymaking
The state-level COVID-19 response in the United States necessitated collaboration between governor' offices, health departments and numerous other departments and outside experts. To gain insight into how health officials and experts contributed to advising on COVID-19 policies, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 25 individuals with a health specialisation who were involved in COVID-19 policymaking, taking place between February and Dec…
Comparing Single-Word Insertions and Multi-Word Alternations in Bilingual Speech
Prominent sociolinguistic theories of language mixing have posited that single-word insertions of one language into the other are the result of a distinct process than multi-word alternations between two languages given that the former overwhelmingly surface morphosyntactically integrated into the surrounding language. To date, this distinction has not been tested in comprehension. The present study makes use of pupillometry to examine the online…
Self-esteem and autonomic physiology
The Urbanization of Peripheral Capitalism
Industrial Capital and Economic Development in Turn of the Century Argentina
Argentina's economic development at the turn of the century was based on the export of agricultural and pastoral products to western Europe. Although this model generated rapid growth—Argen
The Urbanisation of a Secondary City
In 1845, Argentine statesman Domingo Sarmiento predicted that 'what took 20 years to occur in North America, i.e. the emergence almost by magic of numerous cities, provinces and states in what was once uninhabited terrain, will occur in Argentina in the same span of time'. Forty years later, however, French writer Emile Daireaux observed that 'the commercial development of Buenos Aires is that of a satellite which orbits Europe's sphere of attrac…
Folkmusikvagen--The Folk Music Vogue
The Urbanisation of a Secondary City
In 1845, Argentine statesman Domingo Sarmiento predicted that 'what took 20 years to occur in North America, i.e. the emergence almost by magic of numerous cities, provinces and states in what was once uninhabited terrain, will occur in Argentina in the same span of time'. Forty years later, however, French writer Emile Daireaux observed that 'the commercial development of Buenos Aires is that of a satellite which orbits Europe's sphere of attrac…
Folkmusikvagen
Urbanism, Colonialism, and the World-Economy
1. Introduction: urbanism, colonialism and the world economy 2. Incorporating the periphery (1) colonial cities 3. Incorporating the periphery (2) urban planning in the colonies 4. Viewing the world as one (1) urban history and the world system 5. Viewing the world as one (2) culture and the political economy of urban form 6. Changes in the core (1) the global production of building form 7. Changes in the core (2) architecture, building and the n…
The Urbanization of Peripheral Capitalism
Long-Wave Rhythms in Economic Development and Political Behavior
Industrial Capital and Economic Development in Turn of the Century Argentina
Argentina's economic development at the turn of the century was based on the export of agricultural and pastoral products to western Europe. Although this model generated rapid growth—Argen
The Antinomies of Ruling Class Culture
To legitimate their privileged, rentier position, and to trumpet Argentine progress, the rulers of Buenos Aires lavished much of their extraordinary wealth on a cosmopolitan style of consumption designed to imitate, if not outdo, the elites of Paris and London. But, the local relations of production and politics lagged behind this ruling class' advanced status as consumers. Hence the unresolved tension in its desire to create a modern, cosmopolit…
Thie Making of an Urban Elite
Entre 1880 et 1920, la classe dirigeante de la ville de Rosario a ete politiquement tres active tant au niveau provincial qu'au niveau national argentin. La politique economique de la ville semble etre a la base d'un tel activisme
Assessing risk assessment
Is it possible to accurately gauge the potential of ethno‐rebellion by minority groups? This article analyzes the process through which two risk assessment models classify the Russian minorities in Latvia and Estonia. After briefly tracing the histories of the two groups, the risk assessment models in Gurr's Peoples Versus States (2000) and Tellis et al.’s Anticipating Ethnic Conflict (1997) are then examined. The two models use very different cr…
Fear and Loathing
With the possible exception of Africa, no area of the world has seen more upheaval, war, and ethnic violence than Eastern Europe has. Moreover, although these scourges have been prevalent over time, the twentieth century was a particularly bloody period in the region's history. This violence is the focus of Roger Petersen's new book: Understanding Ethnic Violence. Petersen uses the history of Eastern Europe to test four emotion-based theories of …
Do as I Say, Not as I Do”
This article tests the assumption that the European Union has forced the potential new members from Eastern Europe to adhere to standards regarding the treatment of national minorities current member states do not meet. The article examines the treatment of the Russian minorities in Latvia and Estonia and the Roma population in Slovakia compared to the treatment of the Turks in Germany and the Roma in Italy. Using EU accession reports, Organizati…
Converging evidence that stereotype threat reduces working memory capacity
Although research has shown that priming negative stereotypes leads to lower performance among stigmatized individuals, little is understood about the cognitive mechanism that accounts for these effects. Three experiments tested the hypothesis that stereotype threat interferes with test performance because it reduces individuals' working memory capacity. Results show that priming self-relevant negative stereotypes reduces women's (Experiment 1) a…
The Costs of Accepting Gender Differences
A Function of Form
Drawing on lay epistemology theory, the authors assessed a terror management analysis of the psychological function of structuring social information. Seven studies tested variations of the hypothesis that simple, benign interpretations of social information function, in part, to manage death-related anxiety. In Studies 1-4, mortality salience (MS) exaggerated primacy effects and reliance on representative information, decreased preference for a …
Knowing Is Half the Battle
We tested whether informing women about stereotype threat is a useful intervention to improve their performance in a threatening testing situation. Men and women completed difficult math problems described either as a problem-solving task or as a math test. In a third (teaching-intervention) condition, the test was also described as a math test, but participants were additionally informed that stereotype threat could interfere with women's math p…
Ashamed to be an American? The role of identification in predicting vicarious shame for anti-Arab prejudice after 9–11
We propose that individuals sometimes feel ashamed for the negative actions of their in-group because these actions constitute a threat to their identity. The present study examined factors that evoke shame when individuals recall instances of negative behavior committed by another in-group member. American undergraduates recalled instances when other Americans exhibited prejudice toward people of Middle-Eastern descent after September 11th and r…
Combating stereotype threat
An integrated process model of stereotype threat effects on performance.
Research showing that activation of negative stereotypes can impair the performance of stigmatized individuals on a wide variety of tasks has proliferated. However, a complete understanding of the processes underlying these stereotype threat effects on behavior is still lacking. The authors examine stereotype threat in the context of research on stress arousal, vigilance, working memory, and self-regulation to develop a process model of how negat…
Internal motivation to respond without prejudice and automatic egalitarian goal activation
Expressing Identities in the Basque Arena by Jeremy MacClancy
Self-esteem and autonomic physiology
Citizenship in an Enlarging Europe
Exposure to Tobacco Retail Outlets and Smoking Initiation among New York City Adolescents
Evaluating New York City's Smoke‐Free Parks and Beaches Law
This article describes the evaluation of the law banning smoking in New York City's parks and beaches that went into effect in 2011. We discuss the practical and methodological challenges that emerged in evaluating this law, and describe how we applied the principles of critical multiplism to address these issues. The evaluation uses data from three complementary studies, each with a unique set of strengths and weaknesses that can provide converg…
Psychology (20 obras) · Political science (17 obras) · Law (14 obras) · Sociology (12 obras) · Medicine (11 obras) · Social Psychology (11 obras) · Law (10 obras) · Politics (10 obras) · Economics (8 obras) · Geography (8 obras)