Jessica Nisén
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 271144 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Jessica Nisén |
| PRENOMES | Jessica |
| SOBRENOME | Nisén |
| ASSINATURA | NISÉN J |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of Helsinki |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-7269-0483 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 20 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 178 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 20 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2013 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 8 |
Linking mental health disorders to childlessness
Objective: Drawing on a life-course perspective that emphasises partnership-related processes, we examine how different mental health disorders relate to childlessness and whether these associations are explained by partnership status and partner’s mental health. Background: Mental health problems are increasing, while childlessness is becoming more common. Method: We use Finnish total population register data and discrete-time event history mode…
Secularization and low fertility
Previous studies have shown that secularization altered historical Western fertility patterns, but few studies have addressed the role of religion in the marked fertility declines in recent decades. We examine the relationship between secularization and fertility decline in Finland from a couple perspective, amid a broader trend of declining fertility. We show that secularization can exert a self-reinforcing negative effect on fertility through a…
Gender Differences in the Timing and Chances of Parenthood Across Regions
An increasing number of studies have examined fertility variation at the regional level within countries, but this research has largely focused on women. As a result, our knowledge of regional variation in male fertility remains limited. The current study addresses this research gap by examining how the timing and chances of parenthood vary regionally for women and men in four countries in Northern and Western Europe. We hypothesize that gender d…
Gendered Relationship of Childbearing with Earnings Accumulated by Midlife in Two Nordic Welfare States
The Nordic welfare states are considered advanced in terms of gender equality, but even in these countries women still take longer family leave and have lower earnings than men. This study provides new insights by assessing the differences in accumulated midlife earnings associated with childbearing between women and men in Finland and Sweden. We pay particular attention to the size of the gender gap in accumulated earnings across groups. We hypo…
Economic Conditions, Education and Parity‐Specific Fertility
There is a longstanding interest in the link between economic conditions and fertility levels. Most research measuring economic development has focused on national‐level patterns and period total fertility levels. We aim to extend existing knowledge by carrying out a sub‐national regional analysis of the link between economic conditions and parity‐specific cohort fertility, while taking into account heterogeneity by educational level. We study th…
Declining Fertility, Human Capital Investment, and Economic Sustainability
Future fertility is a key input when charting the sustainability of social security systems, and declining fertility is often expected to put pressure on economic indicators, such as pension burden. Such expectations are based on a narrow view of the impact of fertility on the economy, focusing on age structure. Dynamic impacts—for instance, the potential for increased human capital for smaller cohorts—are mostly ignored. We use a dynamic longitu…
Gendered Parenthood-Employment Gaps from Midlife
Women’s labor force participation has increased in Western countries, but gender gaps remain, especially among parents. Using a novel comparative perspective, we assess women’s and men’s employment trajectories from midlife onward by parity and education. We provide insights into the gendered parenthood-employment gaps examining the long-term implications of parenthood beyond the core childbearing ages by decomposing years lived between ages 40–7…
Educational field, economic uncertainty, and fertility decline in Finland in 2010-2019
Fertility declined sharply and unexpectedly in Finland in the 2010s across educational levels. Using Finnish register data, we calculated total fertility rates (TFRs) and the proportion of women expected to have a first birth in 2010-2019 for 153 educational groups-reflecting field and level-and estimated how the characteristics of a group predicted its decline. As the educational field predicts factors related to economic uncertainty, heterogene…
Cross-sectional average length of life by parity
This study aims to present an alternative measure of fertility-cross-sectional average length of life by parity (CALP)-which: (1) is a period fertility indicator using all available cohort information; (2) captures the dynamics of parity transitions; and (3) links information on fertility quantum and timing together as part of a single phenomenon. Using data from the Human Fertility Database, we calculate CALP for 12 countries in the Global North…
Less Partnering, Less Children, or Both? Analysis of the Drivers of First Birth Decline in Finland Since 2010
In the 2010s, fertility has declined in the Nordic countries, most strikingly in Finland, and first births drive the decline. It remains unclear whether this decline results from decreased fertility within unions, changing union dynamics, or both. Thus, we investigated changes in the union–first birth dynamics from 2000 through 2018 in Finland using full-coverage population register data and an incidence-based multistate model. To do so, we calcu…
Educational Differences in Cohort Fertility Across Sub-national Regions in Europe
Educational differences in female cohort fertility vary strongly across high-income countries and over time, but knowledge about how educational fertility differentials play out at the sub-national regional level is limited. Examining these sub-national regional patterns might improve our understanding of national patterns, as regionally varying contextual conditions may affect fertility. This study provides for the first time for a large number …
Not Just Later, but Fewer
With historically similar patterns of high and stable cohort fertility and high levels of gender equality, the Nordic countries of Sweden, Finland, Norway, Denmark, and Iceland are seen as forerunners in demographic behavior. Furthermore, Nordic fertility trends have strongly influenced fertility theories. However, the period fertility decline that started around 2010 in many countries with relatively high fertility is particularly pronounced in …
Cross-Sectional Average Length of Life Childless
Increases in the average age at first birth and in the proportion of women remaining childless have extended the total number of years that women spend childless during their reproductive lifetime in several countries. To quantify the number of years that reproductive-age women live without children, we introduce the cross-sectional average length of life childless (CALC). This measure includes all the age-specific first-birth information availab…
All-time low period fertility in Finland
The ongoing period fertility decline in the Nordic countries is particularly strong in Finland, where the total fertility rate (TFR) reached an all-time low of 1.41 in 2018. We analyse the decrease in Finland's TFR in 2010-17, and assess its consequences for cohort fertility using complementary approaches. Decomposition of this fertility decline shows that first births and women aged <30 are making the largest contributions. However, women aged 3…
Education, Other Socioeconomic Characteristics Across the Life Course, and Fertility Among Finnish Men
The level of education and other adult socioeconomic characteristics of men are known to associate with their fertility, but early-life socioeconomic characteristics may also be related. We studied how men's adult and early-life socioeconomic characteristics are associated with their eventual fertility and whether the differences therein by educational level are explained or mediated by other socioeconomic characteristics. The data on men born in…
Number of children and later-life mortality among Finns born 1938-50
We investigated the association between number of offspring and later-life mortality of Finnish men and women born 1938-50, and whether the association was explained by living conditions in own childhood and adulthood, chronic conditions, fertility timing, and unobserved characteristics common to siblings. We used a longitudinal 1950 census sample to estimate mortality at ages 50-72. Relative to parents of two children, all-cause mortality is hig…
Is young fatherhood causally related to midlife mortality? A sibling fixed-effect study in Finland
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown that young fatherhood is associated with higher later-life mortality. It is unclear whether the association is credible, in the sense that mortality and young fatherhood appear to be associated because both are determined by family-related environmental, socioeconomic and genetic characteristics. METHODS: We used a household-based 10% sample drawn from the 1950 Finnish census to estimate all-cause mortality…
Effect of family background on the educational gradient in lifetime fertility of Finnish women born 1940-50
An inverse association between education and fertility in women has been found in many societies but the causes of this association remain inadequately understood. We investigated whether observed and unobserved family-background characteristics explained educational differences in lifetime fertility among 35,212 Finnish women born in 1940-50. Poisson and logistic regression models, adjusted for measured socio-demographic family-background charac…
Age-specific fertility by educational level in the Finnish male cohort born 1940-1950
Education is positively associated with completed fertility rate (CFR) among men in Nordic countries, but the age patterns of fertility by educational level are poorly documented. Moreover, it is not known what parities contribute to the higher CFR among m
Educational Differences in Completed Fertility
Despite the large body of research on educational differences in fertility, how genetic and environmental influences may contribute to educational differences in completed fertility is not well understood. This study examines the association between educational level and completed fertility in a sample of Finnish male and female twins born between 1950 and 1957 with register-based fertility follow-up until 2009. The results show that poorly educa…
Not Just Later, but Fewer
With historically similar patterns of high and stable cohort fertility and high levels of gender equality, the Nordic countries of Sweden, Finland, Norway, Denmark, and Iceland are seen as forerunners in demographic behavior. Furthermore, Nordic fertility trends have strongly influenced fertility theories. However, the period fertility decline that started around 2010 in many countries with relatively high fertility is particularly pronounced in …
Age-specific fertility by educational level in the Finnish male cohort born 1940-1950
Education is positively associated with completed fertility rate (CFR) among men in Nordic countries, but the age patterns of fertility by educational level are poorly documented. Moreover, it is not known what parities contribute to the higher CFR among m
Educational Differences in Cohort Fertility Across Sub-national Regions in Europe
Educational differences in female cohort fertility vary strongly across high-income countries and over time, but knowledge about how educational fertility differentials play out at the sub-national regional level is limited. Examining these sub-national regional patterns might improve our understanding of national patterns, as regionally varying contextual conditions may affect fertility. This study provides for the first time for a large number …
All-time low period fertility in Finland
The ongoing period fertility decline in the Nordic countries is particularly strong in Finland, where the total fertility rate (TFR) reached an all-time low of 1.41 in 2018. We analyse the decrease in Finland's TFR in 2010-17, and assess its consequences for cohort fertility using complementary approaches. Decomposition of this fertility decline shows that first births and women aged <30 are making the largest contributions. However, women aged 3…
Education, Other Socioeconomic Characteristics Across the Life Course, and Fertility Among Finnish Men
The level of education and other adult socioeconomic characteristics of men are known to associate with their fertility, but early-life socioeconomic characteristics may also be related. We studied how men's adult and early-life socioeconomic characteristics are associated with their eventual fertility and whether the differences therein by educational level are explained or mediated by other socioeconomic characteristics. The data on men born in…
Educational Differences in Completed Fertility
Despite the large body of research on educational differences in fertility, how genetic and environmental influences may contribute to educational differences in completed fertility is not well understood. This study examines the association between educational level and completed fertility in a sample of Finnish male and female twins born between 1950 and 1957 with register-based fertility follow-up until 2009. The results show that poorly educa…
Effect of family background on the educational gradient in lifetime fertility of Finnish women born 1940-50
An inverse association between education and fertility in women has been found in many societies but the causes of this association remain inadequately understood. We investigated whether observed and unobserved family-background characteristics explained educational differences in lifetime fertility among 35,212 Finnish women born in 1940-50. Poisson and logistic regression models, adjusted for measured socio-demographic family-background charac…
Educational field, economic uncertainty, and fertility decline in Finland in 2010-2019
Fertility declined sharply and unexpectedly in Finland in the 2010s across educational levels. Using Finnish register data, we calculated total fertility rates (TFRs) and the proportion of women expected to have a first birth in 2010-2019 for 153 educational groups-reflecting field and level-and estimated how the characteristics of a group predicted its decline. As the educational field predicts factors related to economic uncertainty, heterogene…
Less Partnering, Less Children, or Both? Analysis of the Drivers of First Birth Decline in Finland Since 2010
In the 2010s, fertility has declined in the Nordic countries, most strikingly in Finland, and first births drive the decline. It remains unclear whether this decline results from decreased fertility within unions, changing union dynamics, or both. Thus, we investigated changes in the union–first birth dynamics from 2000 through 2018 in Finland using full-coverage population register data and an incidence-based multistate model. To do so, we calcu…
Number of children and later-life mortality among Finns born 1938-50
We investigated the association between number of offspring and later-life mortality of Finnish men and women born 1938-50, and whether the association was explained by living conditions in own childhood and adulthood, chronic conditions, fertility timing, and unobserved characteristics common to siblings. We used a longitudinal 1950 census sample to estimate mortality at ages 50-72. Relative to parents of two children, all-cause mortality is hig…
Is young fatherhood causally related to midlife mortality? A sibling fixed-effect study in Finland
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown that young fatherhood is associated with higher later-life mortality. It is unclear whether the association is credible, in the sense that mortality and young fatherhood appear to be associated because both are determined by family-related environmental, socioeconomic and genetic characteristics. METHODS: We used a household-based 10% sample drawn from the 1950 Finnish census to estimate all-cause mortality…
Cross-Sectional Average Length of Life Childless
Increases in the average age at first birth and in the proportion of women remaining childless have extended the total number of years that women spend childless during their reproductive lifetime in several countries. To quantify the number of years that reproductive-age women live without children, we introduce the cross-sectional average length of life childless (CALC). This measure includes all the age-specific first-birth information availab…
Cross-sectional average length of life by parity
This study aims to present an alternative measure of fertility-cross-sectional average length of life by parity (CALP)-which: (1) is a period fertility indicator using all available cohort information; (2) captures the dynamics of parity transitions; and (3) links information on fertility quantum and timing together as part of a single phenomenon. Using data from the Human Fertility Database, we calculate CALP for 12 countries in the Global North…
Educational Differences in Completed Fertility
Despite the large body of research on educational differences in fertility, how genetic and environmental influences may contribute to educational differences in completed fertility is not well understood. This study examines the association between educational level and completed fertility in a sample of Finnish male and female twins born between 1950 and 1957 with register-based fertility follow-up until 2009. The results show that poorly educa…
Effect of family background on the educational gradient in lifetime fertility of Finnish women born 1940-50
An inverse association between education and fertility in women has been found in many societies but the causes of this association remain inadequately understood. We investigated whether observed and unobserved family-background characteristics explained educational differences in lifetime fertility among 35,212 Finnish women born in 1940-50. Poisson and logistic regression models, adjusted for measured socio-demographic family-background charac…
Age-specific fertility by educational level in the Finnish male cohort born 1940-1950
Education is positively associated with completed fertility rate (CFR) among men in Nordic countries, but the age patterns of fertility by educational level are poorly documented. Moreover, it is not known what parities contribute to the higher CFR among m
Is young fatherhood causally related to midlife mortality? A sibling fixed-effect study in Finland
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown that young fatherhood is associated with higher later-life mortality. It is unclear whether the association is credible, in the sense that mortality and young fatherhood appear to be associated because both are determined by family-related environmental, socioeconomic and genetic characteristics. METHODS: We used a household-based 10% sample drawn from the 1950 Finnish census to estimate all-cause mortality…
Number of children and later-life mortality among Finns born 1938-50
We investigated the association between number of offspring and later-life mortality of Finnish men and women born 1938-50, and whether the association was explained by living conditions in own childhood and adulthood, chronic conditions, fertility timing, and unobserved characteristics common to siblings. We used a longitudinal 1950 census sample to estimate mortality at ages 50-72. Relative to parents of two children, all-cause mortality is hig…
Education, Other Socioeconomic Characteristics Across the Life Course, and Fertility Among Finnish Men
The level of education and other adult socioeconomic characteristics of men are known to associate with their fertility, but early-life socioeconomic characteristics may also be related. We studied how men's adult and early-life socioeconomic characteristics are associated with their eventual fertility and whether the differences therein by educational level are explained or mediated by other socioeconomic characteristics. The data on men born in…
All-time low period fertility in Finland
The ongoing period fertility decline in the Nordic countries is particularly strong in Finland, where the total fertility rate (TFR) reached an all-time low of 1.41 in 2018. We analyse the decrease in Finland's TFR in 2010-17, and assess its consequences for cohort fertility using complementary approaches. Decomposition of this fertility decline shows that first births and women aged <30 are making the largest contributions. However, women aged 3…
Educational Differences in Cohort Fertility Across Sub-national Regions in Europe
Educational differences in female cohort fertility vary strongly across high-income countries and over time, but knowledge about how educational fertility differentials play out at the sub-national regional level is limited. Examining these sub-national regional patterns might improve our understanding of national patterns, as regionally varying contextual conditions may affect fertility. This study provides for the first time for a large number …
Not Just Later, but Fewer
With historically similar patterns of high and stable cohort fertility and high levels of gender equality, the Nordic countries of Sweden, Finland, Norway, Denmark, and Iceland are seen as forerunners in demographic behavior. Furthermore, Nordic fertility trends have strongly influenced fertility theories. However, the period fertility decline that started around 2010 in many countries with relatively high fertility is particularly pronounced in …
Cross-Sectional Average Length of Life Childless
Increases in the average age at first birth and in the proportion of women remaining childless have extended the total number of years that women spend childless during their reproductive lifetime in several countries. To quantify the number of years that reproductive-age women live without children, we introduce the cross-sectional average length of life childless (CALC). This measure includes all the age-specific first-birth information availab…
Less Partnering, Less Children, or Both? Analysis of the Drivers of First Birth Decline in Finland Since 2010
In the 2010s, fertility has declined in the Nordic countries, most strikingly in Finland, and first births drive the decline. It remains unclear whether this decline results from decreased fertility within unions, changing union dynamics, or both. Thus, we investigated changes in the union–first birth dynamics from 2000 through 2018 in Finland using full-coverage population register data and an incidence-based multistate model. To do so, we calcu…
Cross-sectional average length of life by parity
This study aims to present an alternative measure of fertility-cross-sectional average length of life by parity (CALP)-which: (1) is a period fertility indicator using all available cohort information; (2) captures the dynamics of parity transitions; and (3) links information on fertility quantum and timing together as part of a single phenomenon. Using data from the Human Fertility Database, we calculate CALP for 12 countries in the Global North…
Gendered Parenthood-Employment Gaps from Midlife
Women’s labor force participation has increased in Western countries, but gender gaps remain, especially among parents. Using a novel comparative perspective, we assess women’s and men’s employment trajectories from midlife onward by parity and education. We provide insights into the gendered parenthood-employment gaps examining the long-term implications of parenthood beyond the core childbearing ages by decomposing years lived between ages 40–7…
Educational field, economic uncertainty, and fertility decline in Finland in 2010-2019
Fertility declined sharply and unexpectedly in Finland in the 2010s across educational levels. Using Finnish register data, we calculated total fertility rates (TFRs) and the proportion of women expected to have a first birth in 2010-2019 for 153 educational groups-reflecting field and level-and estimated how the characteristics of a group predicted its decline. As the educational field predicts factors related to economic uncertainty, heterogene…
Gendered Relationship of Childbearing with Earnings Accumulated by Midlife in Two Nordic Welfare States
The Nordic welfare states are considered advanced in terms of gender equality, but even in these countries women still take longer family leave and have lower earnings than men. This study provides new insights by assessing the differences in accumulated midlife earnings associated with childbearing between women and men in Finland and Sweden. We pay particular attention to the size of the gender gap in accumulated earnings across groups. We hypo…
Economic Conditions, Education and Parity‐Specific Fertility
There is a longstanding interest in the link between economic conditions and fertility levels. Most research measuring economic development has focused on national‐level patterns and period total fertility levels. We aim to extend existing knowledge by carrying out a sub‐national regional analysis of the link between economic conditions and parity‐specific cohort fertility, while taking into account heterogeneity by educational level. We study th…
Declining Fertility, Human Capital Investment, and Economic Sustainability
Future fertility is a key input when charting the sustainability of social security systems, and declining fertility is often expected to put pressure on economic indicators, such as pension burden. Such expectations are based on a narrow view of the impact of fertility on the economy, focusing on age structure. Dynamic impacts—for instance, the potential for increased human capital for smaller cohorts—are mostly ignored. We use a dynamic longitu…
Linking mental health disorders to childlessness
Objective: Drawing on a life-course perspective that emphasises partnership-related processes, we examine how different mental health disorders relate to childlessness and whether these associations are explained by partnership status and partner’s mental health. Background: Mental health problems are increasing, while childlessness is becoming more common. Method: We use Finnish total population register data and discrete-time event history mode…
Secularization and low fertility
Previous studies have shown that secularization altered historical Western fertility patterns, but few studies have addressed the role of religion in the marked fertility declines in recent decades. We examine the relationship between secularization and fertility decline in Finland from a couple perspective, amid a broader trend of declining fertility. We show that secularization can exert a self-reinforcing negative effect on fertility through a…
Gender Differences in the Timing and Chances of Parenthood Across Regions
An increasing number of studies have examined fertility variation at the regional level within countries, but this research has largely focused on women. As a result, our knowledge of regional variation in male fertility remains limited. The current study addresses this research gap by examining how the timing and chances of parenthood vary regionally for women and men in four countries in Northern and Western Europe. We hypothesize that gender d…
Family Dynamics and Relationships (16 obras) · Fertility (16 obras) · Demography (15 obras) · Population (15 obras) · Sociology (14 obras) · Family planning (10 obras) · Research methodology (10 obras) · Economics (9 obras) · Total fertility rate (9 obras) · Demographic economics (8 obras)