Hollie Nyseth Nzitatira
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 273291 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Hollie Nyseth Nzitatira |
| PRENOMES | Hollie Nyseth |
| SOBRENOME | Nzitatira |
| ASSINATURA | NZITATIRA H N |
| AFILIAÇÕES | The Ohio State University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-3168-9897 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 22 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 15 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 21 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 1 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2022 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 2 |
Creating an Anti-Transgender Moral Panic
A moral panic about transgender identities is rapidly growing, driven by widespread misinformation and sensationalist rhetoric. analyzing fox news broadcasts, the authors identify rhetorical strategies broadcasters use to fuel the panic
Determinants of case outcomes in Rwanda's postgenocide gacaca courts
Transitional justice trials have become a central mechanism for addressing mass violence and human rights violations, yet little is known about the determinants of case outcomes within these courts—particularly in domestic contexts. This study examines Rwanda's gacaca courts, a localized transitional justice system that tried people suspected of participating in the 1994 genocide. Drawing on a comprehensive dataset of all gacaca trials, we analyz…
Rebuilding Lives
This article explores the reentry and reintegration of Rwandans who were incarcerated for genocide. Previous research indicates that these individuals are experiencing psychological distress, and we analyze the determinants of this distress in this study. Specifically, we assess three waves of longitudinal data following 185 Rwandans whom we interviewed before their release and approximately four months and one year afterward. We find that psycho…
Paternal experiences discussing genocide post-incarceration
Well over one million Rwandans have at least one parent who was incarcerated due to crimes associated with the genocide, and many of these parents have been completing their sentences and returning to their families and communities. These formerly incarcerated individuals are carriers of memories that will be passed to their children, making their familial dialogues highly salient. Therefore, we ask: what social factors determine whether formerly…
Bound by blood and bloodshed
Focusing on the 1994 genocide in Rwanda, we examine how sibling relationships—one of the most salient familial bonds—influence individual engagement in violence during mass atrocity. Drawing on an adaptation of differential association and social learning theories for contexts of mass atrocity, we analyze a novel dataset linking over 300,000 siblings from Rwanda's post‐genocide gacaca court records. We find that the probability an individual perp…
Excusing the Self and Blaming Others
In the aftermath of genocide, individuals convicted of crimes develop explanations for both their own participation and that of others. While previous research has addressed the rationalizations and neutralizations put forth by those who commit genocidal violence, few have considered how these explanations compare to participants’ perceptions of the motives of their peers. Using the 1994 genocide in Rwanda as a case study, this article draws from…
Unpacking gendered co‐participation in political violence
How does gender influence participation in violence? Research shows that women are less likely than men to engage in direct violence. However, women remain consequential actors in conflicts. Drawing on gendered understandings of conflict, we argue that mobilization is shaped by gendered homophily within social networks. We theorize that both men and women are likely to mobilize with individuals of the same gender. However, this effect is more pro…
Guilt and depression in the aftermath of the 1994 genocide in Rwanda
After the 1994 genocide in Rwanda, hundreds of thousands of people were convicted and sentenced for genocide‐related crimes. Many are now being released from prisons and community service camps. This study evaluates the mental health of 168 Rwandans nearing release and at two points after, focusing on the relative significance of the circumstances surrounding their crime, the procedures used in their conviction, the characteristics of their sente…
Intersecting Inequalities After Incarceration for Genocide
The Third Shift
Following the 1994 genocide in Rwanda, women took on greater responsibilities as heads of households, lobbied for women’s rights, and entered political positions at unprecedented rates. This article analyses the mass nationwide movement of women into roles as gacaca court judges following the genocide, through interviews with 55 women judges. Specifically, we emphasize both the highs and lows of this experience as compared to their male counterpa…
Considering Person-First Language in Genocide Studies
Numerous researchers, policymakers, and activists have advocated for the use of person-first language when referring to people who engaged in crime or violence. Such advocacy is rooted in firm evidence that person-first language (e.g. a person who committed a felony rather than a felon) is associated with lower rates of recidivism, more robust reintegration into communities, and less fear amongst members of the public. In this article, we extend …
Leveraging a Multi-Method Approach to Improve Mass Atrocity Forecasting
Forecasting mass atrocities is a central concern for academics, policymakers, and practitioners, but determining where and when mass atrocities will occur is far from straightforward. Over the last few decades, researchers around the world have developed several forecasting models. Some of these models—like the Political Instability Task Force model or the Australia Forecasting Project model—have emphasized quantitative assessments of the risk of…
Truth Commissions and the Prevention of Targeted Mass Killings
While transitional justice endeavors aim to help countries come to terms with violent pasts, policymakers and practitioners often claim that transitional justice mechanisms help prevent future violence as well. No cross-national research has tested this claim, however. This article begins to fill this gap by examining whether one of the most frequently used mechanisms of transitional justice, the truth commission, is associated with the onset of …
How Radio Affects Violent Conflict
Researchers have long debated how radio broadcasts affected the dynamics of the 1994 genocide in Rwanda, with some arguing that the radio was highly consequential, and others suggesting such effects have been overstated. This article contributes to these debates-as well as to debates regarding the role of old and new media in collective action-by examining whether and how Radio Télévision Libre des Mille Collines (Radio RTLM) coverage was associa…
Assessing the well-being of partners of people found guilty of perpetrating genocide in Rwanda
This article draws upon 89 in-person surveys with Rwandan women (ages 26-75) whose partners were incarcerated for genocide and examines how these women explain participation in the violence. We first engage in exploratory factor analysis of reasons cited for perpetrating genocide, which reveals (1) a factor comprised of internal reasons for participation, including greed and hatred; (2) a factor of external reasons, such as peer pressure or coerc…
Political Invisibility
This article draws upon interviews with 50 Rwandan mothers who risked their lives to save others during the 1994 genocide. We position our study within a growing body of research examining women's engagement in resistance movements, and we theorize rescue efforts by mothers during genocide as a case of political invisibility. Specifically, our findings show how mothers were able to capitalize on their political invisibility in strategic ways that…
Identities and Interactions
This study traces what happens when Rwandans complete their sentences for crimes of genocide, with an emphasis on identities and interactions during reentry and reintegration. Specifically, it relies on in-depth interviews conducted with 165 Rwandans prior to their release, as well as interviews with most of these individuals approximately four months after their returns to their communities. Interviews reveal that many respondents seek to shed l…
Gendered Blame
This article draws upon interviews with 74 Rwandans to analyze how they explain civilian participation in the 1994 genocide in Rwanda. Specifically, we assess how Rwandans describe why men and women perpetrated genocide. We find that respondents commonly attribute men’s participation in the genocide to structural, external factors, such as government orders. However, respondents regularly attribute women’s participation to jealousy and other fact…
Judging Genocide
Despite the proliferation of transitional justice, scholars have rarely researched the emotional toll on those who implement transitional justice mechanisms. This article accordingly examines the emotion management techniques employed by eighty-five judges who served in Rwanda’s post-genocide gacaca courts. Most of the intrapersonal and interpersonal emotion management strategies we find are gendered, with men generally emphasizing strength and w…
Exposure to Armed Conflict and HIV Risk Among Rwandan Women
This article focuses on the link between past exposure to violence and a critical public health issue in sub-Saharan Africa: HIV-positive status in women of reproductive age. Specifically, we use biosocial data from the Rwandan Demographic and Health Survey (2005‒2014) to assess how the timing and intensity of women's exposure to the war and genocide in Rwanda (1990‒1994) may be associated with their HIV status. We find significant differences in…
Analyzing Participation in the 1994 Genocide in Rwanda
Recent studies of genocide have yielded varying estimates of the number and characteristics of people who engaged in violence. We address these disparities in estimates for one well-studied case: the 1994 genocide in Rwanda. Using novel data from Rwanda's post-genocide gacaca courts, we provide updated estimates regarding participants. Specifically, we find that between 847,233 and 888,307 people participated in the genocide, with 181,280 to 190,…
The Oxford Handbook of Atrocity Crimes
The Oxford Handbook on Atrocity Crimes consolidates and further develops the evolving field of atrocity studies by combining major mono-, inter-, and multidisciplinary research on atrocity crimes in one volume encompassing contributions of leading scholars. Atrocity crimes—war crimes, crimes against humanity, and genocide—are manifestations of large-scale and systematic criminality committed within specific political, ideological, and societal co…
How Radio Affects Violent Conflict
Researchers have long debated how radio broadcasts affected the dynamics of the 1994 genocide in Rwanda, with some arguing that the radio was highly consequential, and others suggesting such effects have been overstated. This article contributes to these debates-as well as to debates regarding the role of old and new media in collective action-by examining whether and how Radio Télévision Libre des Mille Collines (Radio RTLM) coverage was associa…
Analyzing Participation in the 1994 Genocide in Rwanda
Recent studies of genocide have yielded varying estimates of the number and characteristics of people who engaged in violence. We address these disparities in estimates for one well-studied case: the 1994 genocide in Rwanda. Using novel data from Rwanda's post-genocide gacaca courts, we provide updated estimates regarding participants. Specifically, we find that between 847,233 and 888,307 people participated in the genocide, with 181,280 to 190,…
Identities and Interactions
This study traces what happens when Rwandans complete their sentences for crimes of genocide, with an emphasis on identities and interactions during reentry and reintegration. Specifically, it relies on in-depth interviews conducted with 165 Rwandans prior to their release, as well as interviews with most of these individuals approximately four months after their returns to their communities. Interviews reveal that many respondents seek to shed l…
Political Invisibility
This article draws upon interviews with 50 Rwandan mothers who risked their lives to save others during the 1994 genocide. We position our study within a growing body of research examining women's engagement in resistance movements, and we theorize rescue efforts by mothers during genocide as a case of political invisibility. Specifically, our findings show how mothers were able to capitalize on their political invisibility in strategic ways that…
Judging Genocide
Despite the proliferation of transitional justice, scholars have rarely researched the emotional toll on those who implement transitional justice mechanisms. This article accordingly examines the emotion management techniques employed by eighty-five judges who served in Rwanda’s post-genocide gacaca courts. Most of the intrapersonal and interpersonal emotion management strategies we find are gendered, with men generally emphasizing strength and w…
The Oxford Handbook of Atrocity Crimes
The Oxford Handbook on Atrocity Crimes consolidates and further develops the evolving field of atrocity studies by combining major mono-, inter-, and multidisciplinary research on atrocity crimes in one volume encompassing contributions of leading scholars. Atrocity crimes—war crimes, crimes against humanity, and genocide—are manifestations of large-scale and systematic criminality committed within specific political, ideological, and societal co…
Gendered Blame
This article draws upon interviews with 74 Rwandans to analyze how they explain civilian participation in the 1994 genocide in Rwanda. Specifically, we assess how Rwandans describe why men and women perpetrated genocide. We find that respondents commonly attribute men’s participation in the genocide to structural, external factors, such as government orders. However, respondents regularly attribute women’s participation to jealousy and other fact…
Judging Genocide
Despite the proliferation of transitional justice, scholars have rarely researched the emotional toll on those who implement transitional justice mechanisms. This article accordingly examines the emotion management techniques employed by eighty-five judges who served in Rwanda’s post-genocide gacaca courts. Most of the intrapersonal and interpersonal emotion management strategies we find are gendered, with men generally emphasizing strength and w…
Exposure to Armed Conflict and HIV Risk Among Rwandan Women
This article focuses on the link between past exposure to violence and a critical public health issue in sub-Saharan Africa: HIV-positive status in women of reproductive age. Specifically, we use biosocial data from the Rwandan Demographic and Health Survey (2005‒2014) to assess how the timing and intensity of women's exposure to the war and genocide in Rwanda (1990‒1994) may be associated with their HIV status. We find significant differences in…
Analyzing Participation in the 1994 Genocide in Rwanda
Recent studies of genocide have yielded varying estimates of the number and characteristics of people who engaged in violence. We address these disparities in estimates for one well-studied case: the 1994 genocide in Rwanda. Using novel data from Rwanda's post-genocide gacaca courts, we provide updated estimates regarding participants. Specifically, we find that between 847,233 and 888,307 people participated in the genocide, with 181,280 to 190,…
Considering Person-First Language in Genocide Studies
Numerous researchers, policymakers, and activists have advocated for the use of person-first language when referring to people who engaged in crime or violence. Such advocacy is rooted in firm evidence that person-first language (e.g. a person who committed a felony rather than a felon) is associated with lower rates of recidivism, more robust reintegration into communities, and less fear amongst members of the public. In this article, we extend …
Leveraging a Multi-Method Approach to Improve Mass Atrocity Forecasting
Forecasting mass atrocities is a central concern for academics, policymakers, and practitioners, but determining where and when mass atrocities will occur is far from straightforward. Over the last few decades, researchers around the world have developed several forecasting models. Some of these models—like the Political Instability Task Force model or the Australia Forecasting Project model—have emphasized quantitative assessments of the risk of…
Truth Commissions and the Prevention of Targeted Mass Killings
While transitional justice endeavors aim to help countries come to terms with violent pasts, policymakers and practitioners often claim that transitional justice mechanisms help prevent future violence as well. No cross-national research has tested this claim, however. This article begins to fill this gap by examining whether one of the most frequently used mechanisms of transitional justice, the truth commission, is associated with the onset of …
How Radio Affects Violent Conflict
Researchers have long debated how radio broadcasts affected the dynamics of the 1994 genocide in Rwanda, with some arguing that the radio was highly consequential, and others suggesting such effects have been overstated. This article contributes to these debates-as well as to debates regarding the role of old and new media in collective action-by examining whether and how Radio Télévision Libre des Mille Collines (Radio RTLM) coverage was associa…
Assessing the well-being of partners of people found guilty of perpetrating genocide in Rwanda
This article draws upon 89 in-person surveys with Rwandan women (ages 26-75) whose partners were incarcerated for genocide and examines how these women explain participation in the violence. We first engage in exploratory factor analysis of reasons cited for perpetrating genocide, which reveals (1) a factor comprised of internal reasons for participation, including greed and hatred; (2) a factor of external reasons, such as peer pressure or coerc…
Political Invisibility
This article draws upon interviews with 50 Rwandan mothers who risked their lives to save others during the 1994 genocide. We position our study within a growing body of research examining women's engagement in resistance movements, and we theorize rescue efforts by mothers during genocide as a case of political invisibility. Specifically, our findings show how mothers were able to capitalize on their political invisibility in strategic ways that…
Identities and Interactions
This study traces what happens when Rwandans complete their sentences for crimes of genocide, with an emphasis on identities and interactions during reentry and reintegration. Specifically, it relies on in-depth interviews conducted with 165 Rwandans prior to their release, as well as interviews with most of these individuals approximately four months after their returns to their communities. Interviews reveal that many respondents seek to shed l…
Excusing the Self and Blaming Others
In the aftermath of genocide, individuals convicted of crimes develop explanations for both their own participation and that of others. While previous research has addressed the rationalizations and neutralizations put forth by those who commit genocidal violence, few have considered how these explanations compare to participants’ perceptions of the motives of their peers. Using the 1994 genocide in Rwanda as a case study, this article draws from…
Unpacking gendered co‐participation in political violence
How does gender influence participation in violence? Research shows that women are less likely than men to engage in direct violence. However, women remain consequential actors in conflicts. Drawing on gendered understandings of conflict, we argue that mobilization is shaped by gendered homophily within social networks. We theorize that both men and women are likely to mobilize with individuals of the same gender. However, this effect is more pro…
Guilt and depression in the aftermath of the 1994 genocide in Rwanda
After the 1994 genocide in Rwanda, hundreds of thousands of people were convicted and sentenced for genocide‐related crimes. Many are now being released from prisons and community service camps. This study evaluates the mental health of 168 Rwandans nearing release and at two points after, focusing on the relative significance of the circumstances surrounding their crime, the procedures used in their conviction, the characteristics of their sente…
Intersecting Inequalities After Incarceration for Genocide
The Third Shift
Following the 1994 genocide in Rwanda, women took on greater responsibilities as heads of households, lobbied for women’s rights, and entered political positions at unprecedented rates. This article analyses the mass nationwide movement of women into roles as gacaca court judges following the genocide, through interviews with 55 women judges. Specifically, we emphasize both the highs and lows of this experience as compared to their male counterpa…
Creating an Anti-Transgender Moral Panic
A moral panic about transgender identities is rapidly growing, driven by widespread misinformation and sensationalist rhetoric. analyzing fox news broadcasts, the authors identify rhetorical strategies broadcasters use to fuel the panic
Determinants of case outcomes in Rwanda's postgenocide gacaca courts
Transitional justice trials have become a central mechanism for addressing mass violence and human rights violations, yet little is known about the determinants of case outcomes within these courts—particularly in domestic contexts. This study examines Rwanda's gacaca courts, a localized transitional justice system that tried people suspected of participating in the 1994 genocide. Drawing on a comprehensive dataset of all gacaca trials, we analyz…
Rebuilding Lives
This article explores the reentry and reintegration of Rwandans who were incarcerated for genocide. Previous research indicates that these individuals are experiencing psychological distress, and we analyze the determinants of this distress in this study. Specifically, we assess three waves of longitudinal data following 185 Rwandans whom we interviewed before their release and approximately four months and one year afterward. We find that psycho…
Paternal experiences discussing genocide post-incarceration
Well over one million Rwandans have at least one parent who was incarcerated due to crimes associated with the genocide, and many of these parents have been completing their sentences and returning to their families and communities. These formerly incarcerated individuals are carriers of memories that will be passed to their children, making their familial dialogues highly salient. Therefore, we ask: what social factors determine whether formerly…
Bound by blood and bloodshed
Focusing on the 1994 genocide in Rwanda, we examine how sibling relationships—one of the most salient familial bonds—influence individual engagement in violence during mass atrocity. Drawing on an adaptation of differential association and social learning theories for contexts of mass atrocity, we analyze a novel dataset linking over 300,000 siblings from Rwanda's post‐genocide gacaca court records. We find that the probability an individual perp…
Genocide (14 obras) · Political science (14 obras) · Criminology (11 obras) · Law (11 obras) · Psychology (11 obras) · Middle East and Rwanda Conflicts (9 obras) · Gender, Security, and Conflict (8 obras) · Sociology (6 obras) · Law (5 obras) · Poison control (5 obras)