Sabu S Padmada
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 276874 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Sabu S Padmada |
| PRENOMES | Sabu S |
| SOBRENOME | Padmada |
| ASSINATURA | PADMADA S S |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of Southampton |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-6538-9374 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 44 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 37 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 44 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1995 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 3 |
Comparing lagged impacts of mobility changes and environmental factors on Covid-19 waves in rural and urban India
Previous research in India has identified urbanisation, human mobility and population demographics as key variables associated with higher district level COVID-19 incidence. However, the spatiotemporal dynamics of mobility patterns in rural and urban areas in India, in conjunction with other drivers of COVID-19 transmission, have not been fully investigated. We explored travel networks within India during two pandemic waves using aggregated and a…
Does Low birth weight exacerbate socioeconomic inequalities in child undernutrition in Sri Lanka
Mapping son preference in India, 2002–2021
Background: Despite widespread interest in son preference in India, the study of its spatial distribution and trends by parity at the district level is limited. Objective: This study investigates spatial patterns and temporal trends in son preference by parity across districts of India from 2002 to 2021. Methods: We applied model-based area-level small area estimation techniques on data from consecutive rounds of the Indian National Family Health…
Employment conditions and mental health of overseas female migrant domestic workers in Hong Kong
The findings call for increased scrutiny of employment conditions and mental well-being of MDWs
Falling behind in school
Malawi has experienced slow and uneven progress in school progression and completion rates, thus there is need to rethink the approaches needed for reforming education systems. Mothers are more likely to invest in children’s nutrition and well-being and take primary responsibility for children’s education. However, the association between women’s economic empowerment and their offspring’s school progression rates is not systematically understood …
Spatial heterogeneity in son preference across India's 640 districts
Son preference is culturally rooted across generations in India. While the social and economic implications of son preference are widely acknowledged, there is little evidence on spatial heterogeneity, especially at the district level
Women's economic empowerment in sub-Saharan Africa
Womenâ s economic empowerment (WEE) has attracted high-level policy interest, and is recognized as a central, cross-cutting outcome, and the cornerstone for achieving Sustainable Development Goals. However, it lacks a standardised definition and standard, m
Missing marriage
Across Asia, men and women increasingly delay or abstain from marriage, a change often linked to improvements in female educational attainment and labour force participation. In Myanmar, less than 90 per cent of women aged 45–49 years during the 2014 census had ever married, compared to nearly all men of a similar age. This paper investigates the difference in marriage patterns between males and females in Myanmar. Using a Cox proportional hazard…
Disentangling the effects of reproductive behaviours and fertility preferences on child growth in India
We analysed population data from the 2015-16 National Family Health Survey to disentangle the intricate underlying effects of reproductive behaviours and fertility preferences on child growth. We expected birth interval length to be more strongly associated with stunting than sibsize and these effects to be moderated by whether the child was wanted or unintended (mistimed/unwanted). Regression analyses showed strong and equal effects of short bir…
The perils of Covid-19 in Nepal
There is a growing concern that the long-term extension of lockdown strategy can severely affect the health and nutrition security of the poor and vulnerable population in Nepal
Power relations and negotiations in contraceptive decision-making when husbands oppose family planning
Contraceptive use in Nigeria has remained low at less than 15% for over two decades. Although husbands' opposition is acknowledged as one of the factors impeding women's contraceptive use, little is known about how wives negotiate when their husbands oppose family planning. We addressed this research gap by conducting thematic analyses of qualitative data from 30 interviews of married couples. We employed thematic analysis to identify relevant th…
The unexpected rise of cohabitation in the Philippines
Cohabitation has increased rapidly in the Philippines, quadrupling in prevalence from 6 per cent in 1993 to 24 per cent in 2013 among young adult women. This increase is dramatic and exceptional given the slow change in other family behaviours, such as low divorce rates and continued high fertility, and the persistent influence of the Catholic Church. While cohabitation is often framed as evidence of ideational change and liberalisation, its cont…
The geography of changing fertility in Myanmar
Between 1983 and 2014, the total fertility rate in Myanmar declined from 4.7 to 2.3 children per woman. Previous analyses of fertility decline in the country suggest that the decline varied regionally, but the geography of the decline has not been formally
Unpacking the Differential Impact of Family Planning Policies in China
Although China’s family planning programme is often referred to in the singular, most notably the One-Child policy, in reality there have been a number of different policies in place simultaneously, targeted at different sub-populations characterized by region and socioeconomic conditions. This study attempted to systematically assess the differential impact of China’s family planning programmes over the past 40 years. The contribution of Parity …
Socio-economic differentials in minimum dietary diversity among young children in South-East Asia
Objective To investigate the socio-economic differentials underlying minimum dietary diversity (MDD) among children aged 6–23 months in three economically diverse South-East Asian countries. Design The outcome variable MDD was defined as the proportion of children aged 6–23 months who received foods from four of the seven recommended food groups within the 24 h prior to interview. The association between socio-economic factors and MDD, adjusting …
A comparison of simple score and latent class approaches
Knowledge about different health-related attitudes, beliefs, and risks is of significant interest to scholars in different Social Science disciplines. Usually knowledge is collected in a form of multiple variables and then constructed as a composite indicator. The question any researcher working with knowledge-related variables faces is: what is the best way to measure and summarise different dimensions of health-related knowledge? The main goal …
Is Rapid Urbanisation Exacerbating Wealth-Related Urban Inequalities in Child Nutritional Status? Evidence from Least Developed Countries
Two-child policy in China
What led the government of the People’s Republic of China to relax the one-child policy? Is the two-child family planning policy a strategic response to address the current and imminent demographic
Gordon A. Carmichael
Two decades of maternity care fee exemption policies in Ghana
OBJECTIVE: To investigate, the impact of maternity-related fee payment policies on the uptake of skilled birth care amongst the poor in Ghana. METHODS: Population data representing 12 288 births between November 1990 and October 2008 from four consecutive rounds of the Ghana demographic and health surveys were used to examine the impact of four major maternity-related payment policies: the full-cost recovery 'cash and carry' scheme; 'antenatal ca…
Gender Inequalities in Employment and Wage-earning among Economic Migrants in Chinese Cities
Recent trends show an unprecedented feminisation of migration in China, triggered by the increasing demand for cheap labour in big cities and the availability of women in the labour market. These trends corroborate the evidence that non-agricultural work a
A health promotion logic model to review progress in HIV prevention in China
Using the theory and concepts of health promotion, this paper proposes a logic model for HIV/AIDS prevention and control which provides a structure for describing planned actions and predicted impacts/outcomes from comprehensive HIV prevention interventions. The potential usefulness of the model is examined by reviewing the evolution of HIV prevention and management in China, drawing on evidence from interventions reported from a mixture of study…
Hiv Awareness in China Among Women of Reproductive Age (1997–2005)
HIV prevalence in China is less than one per cent, but the absolute number of people living with HIV/AIDS is large and growing. Given the limited scope of any potential cure for HIV, prevention plays a crucial role in controlling the epidemic. This paper examines the evolution of HIV awareness among women in China between 1997 and 2005. A regression decomposition analysis technique was used to disentangle the two main components driving a change …
How important are community characteristics in influencing children׳s nutritional status? Evidence from Malawi population-based household and community surveys
Using the 2004 data from the Malawi Integrated Household Survey and the Malawi Community Survey, this study investigates the influence of community characteristics on stunting among children under five years of age in a rural context. Multilevel logistic regression modelling on 4284 children with stunting as the dependent variable shows that availability of daily markets and lineage defined in terms of patrilineal or matrilineal communities were …
The Burden of Maternal Health Care Expenditure in India
Community factors affecting rising caesarean section rates in developing countries
Gender Inequalities in Employment and Wage-earning among Economic Migrants in Chinese Cities
Recent trends show an unprecedented feminisation of migration in China, triggered by the increasing demand for cheap labour in big cities and the availability of women in the labour market. These trends corroborate the evidence that non-agricultural work a
Women's economic empowerment in sub-Saharan Africa
Womenâ s economic empowerment (WEE) has attracted high-level policy interest, and is recognized as a central, cross-cutting outcome, and the cornerstone for achieving Sustainable Development Goals. However, it lacks a standardised definition and standard, m
Two decades of maternity care fee exemption policies in Ghana
OBJECTIVE: To investigate, the impact of maternity-related fee payment policies on the uptake of skilled birth care amongst the poor in Ghana. METHODS: Population data representing 12 288 births between November 1990 and October 2008 from four consecutive rounds of the Ghana demographic and health surveys were used to examine the impact of four major maternity-related payment policies: the full-cost recovery 'cash and carry' scheme; 'antenatal ca…
Does early childbearing and a sterilization-focused family planning programme in India fuel population growth
Recent stagnation in the reduction of infant mortality in India can arguably be attributed to early child bearing practices and the lack of progress in lengthening birth intervals. Meanwhile, family planning efforts have been particularly successful in
Spatial heterogeneity in son preference across India's 640 districts
Son preference is culturally rooted across generations in India. While the social and economic implications of son preference are widely acknowledged, there is little evidence on spatial heterogeneity, especially at the district level
The unexpected rise of cohabitation in the Philippines
Cohabitation has increased rapidly in the Philippines, quadrupling in prevalence from 6 per cent in 1993 to 24 per cent in 2013 among young adult women. This increase is dramatic and exceptional given the slow change in other family behaviours, such as low divorce rates and continued high fertility, and the persistent influence of the Catholic Church. While cohabitation is often framed as evidence of ideational change and liberalisation, its cont…
How important are community characteristics in influencing children׳s nutritional status? Evidence from Malawi population-based household and community surveys
Using the 2004 data from the Malawi Integrated Household Survey and the Malawi Community Survey, this study investigates the influence of community characteristics on stunting among children under five years of age in a rural context. Multilevel logistic regression modelling on 4284 children with stunting as the dependent variable shows that availability of daily markets and lineage defined in terms of patrilineal or matrilineal communities were …
Caesarean section delivery in Kerala, India
Disentangling the effects of reproductive behaviours and fertility preferences on child growth in India
We analysed population data from the 2015-16 National Family Health Survey to disentangle the intricate underlying effects of reproductive behaviours and fertility preferences on child growth. We expected birth interval length to be more strongly associated with stunting than sibsize and these effects to be moderated by whether the child was wanted or unintended (mistimed/unwanted). Regression analyses showed strong and equal effects of short bir…
Is Rapid Urbanisation Exacerbating Wealth-Related Urban Inequalities in Child Nutritional Status? Evidence from Least Developed Countries
Antenatal care use in Brazil and India
This paper investigates the extent of socioeconomic inequalities in antenatal care use and related medical procedures in Brazil and India, which represent transition economies with contrasting geographical and sociocultural composition and health care provision. Concentration indices and regression analyses applied on recent Demographic Health Survey data reveal high and proportionate distribution of antenatal coverage in Brazil, whereas the Indi…
Estimating unmet need for contraception by district within Ghana
The importance of meeting the unmet need for contraception is nowhere more urgent than in the countries of sub-Saharan Africa, where the fertility decline is stalling and total unmet need exceeds 30 per cent among married women. In Ghana, where fertility levels vary considerably, demographic information at sub-national level is essential for building effective family planning programmes. We used small-area estimation techniques, linking data from…
Dyspareunia, Urinary Sensory Symptoms, and Incontinence Among Young Chinese Women
Quality of care in laparoscopic sterilisation camps
Laparoscopic sterilisations are performed in institutional as well as mobile settings, known as camps, under the Indian Family Welfare Programme. One such camp, held at a Taluk (sub-district) hospital in Palakkad district in Kerala, was observed as part of a study on quality of services in this Programme. Services in sterilisation camps in Kerala were found to be better than elsewhere in India, but they did not conform to the standards laid down …
Quality of care in laparoscopic sterilisation camps
Laparoscopic sterilisations are performed in institutional as well as mobile settings, known as camps, under the Indian Family Welfare Programme. One such camp, held at a Taluk (sub-district) hospital in Palakkad district in Kerala, was observed as part of a study on quality of services in this Programme. Services in sterilisation camps in Kerala were found to be better than elsewhere in India, but they did not conform to the standards laid down …
Caesarean section delivery in Kerala, India
Sriya Iyer, Demography and Religion in India
Diversity in Family Planning Use Among Ethnic Groups in Guatemala
This study investigates the ethnic differentials in contraceptive use in the north-eastern Ch’orti area of Guatemala, a region dominated by the Ladino culture. Data come from a household survey and in-depth interviews with service providers carried out in 2001 in the town of Jocotán, and a survey carried out in 1994 in two nearby indigenous villages ( aldeas ). Descriptive analysis and logistic regression are used to explore the data. Previous DH…
Men’s Approval of Family Planning in Bangladesh
This article attempts to evaluate men’s approval of family planning in Bangladesh using the couple data set from the recent Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS), 1999–2000. Family planning approval is addressed both from individual and couple perspectives. Analysis of BDHS data shows that about 85% of the wives report that their husbands approve of family planning, which is lower than the wives’ own approval rate (95%). Using the coupl…
Disentangling women's responses on complex dietary intake patterns from an Indian cross-sectional survey
Objective To investigate the degree of individual heterogeneity related to complex dietary behaviour and to further examine the associations of different dietary compositions with selected characteristics. Design Latent class analysis was applied to data from the recent cross-sectional National Family Health Survey that collected information on the intake frequency of selected foods. Different responses regarding intake frequency were condensed i…
Dyspareunia, Urinary Sensory Symptoms, and Incontinence Among Young Chinese Women
Community factors affecting rising caesarean section rates in developing countries
Maternal Smoking and Acute Respiratory Infection Symptoms Among Young Children in Nepal
The association between maternal smoking and adverse child health outcomes has not been systematically explored in less developed countries, especially in Nepal where over a quarter of women of reproductive age smoke tobacco products. This study aims to quantify the effect of maternal smoking on acute respiratory infection (ARI) symptoms among children aged below five years, using the 2001 Nepal Demographic and Health Survey. It is hypothesized t…
Disentangling the Complex Association Between Female Genital Cutting and Hiv Among Kenyan Women
Female genital cutting (FGC) is a widespread cultural practice in Africa and the Middle East, with a number of potential adverse health consequences for women. It was hypothesized by Kun (1997) that FGC increases the risk of HIV transmission through a number of different mechanisms. Using the 2003 data from the Kenyan Demographic and Health Survey (KDHS), this study investigates the potential association between FGC and HIV. The 2003 KDHS provide…
Does early childbearing and a sterilization-focused family planning programme in India fuel population growth
Recent stagnation in the reduction of infant mortality in India can arguably be attributed to early child bearing practices and the lack of progress in lengthening birth intervals. Meanwhile, family planning efforts have been particularly successful in
Consistency in Reporting Condom Use Between Husbands and Wives in Bangladesh
Consistency in reporting contraceptive use between spouses is little understood, especially in developing settings. This research challenges the accuracy of measuring contraceptive prevalence rate, which is traditionally calculated based on women's responses. Multinomial logistic regression techniques are employed on a couple dataset from the 1999–2000 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) to investigate the consistency in reporting cond…
High Fertility Regions in Bangladesh
Bangladesh represents one of the few countries in south Asia where the pace of fertility decline has been unprecedented over the last three decades. Although there has been significant reduction in fertility levels at the national level, regional variations continue to persist, especially in Sylhet and Chittagong where the total fertility rates are well above the country average. Using data from three consecutive Bangladesh Demographic and Health…
Orphanhood and vulnerability
The HIV epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa has caused many children to become orphaned and vulnerable. Recent studies show that orphaned and vulnerable children (OVC) lack the basic necessities for survival and development. These children are particularly at high risk of poor health and poverty. Although the poor health outcomes of these children are well documented, the complexities of the factors that mediate their health outcomes have not been sys…
Measuring Birth Weight in Developing Countries
A multilevel analysis of the effects of a reproductive health programme that encouraged informed choice of contraceptive method rather than use of officially preferred methods, China 2003-2005
Historically, the Chinese government's family planning (FP) policy has emphasized post-partum IUD use after first birth and sterilization after subsequent births. Was the influence of this policy-driven programme on women's contraceptive choices weakened by a reproductive health intervention programme based on the idea of enabling and encouraging clients to make an informed choice? Multilevel analyses of cross-sectional data from baseline (2003) …
Is Traditional Contraceptive Use in Moldova Associated With Poverty and Isolation?
This study investigates the correlates of traditional contraceptive use in Moldova, a poor country in Europe with one of the highest proportions of traditional contraceptive method users. The high reliance on traditional methods, particularly in the context of sub-replacement level fertility rate, has not been systematically evaluated in demographic research. Using cross-sectional data on a sub-sample of 6039 sexually experienced women from the 2…
The Burden of Maternal Health Care Expenditure in India
Antenatal care use in Brazil and India
This paper investigates the extent of socioeconomic inequalities in antenatal care use and related medical procedures in Brazil and India, which represent transition economies with contrasting geographical and sociocultural composition and health care provision. Concentration indices and regression analyses applied on recent Demographic Health Survey data reveal high and proportionate distribution of antenatal coverage in Brazil, whereas the Indi…
Estimating unmet need for contraception by district within Ghana
The importance of meeting the unmet need for contraception is nowhere more urgent than in the countries of sub-Saharan Africa, where the fertility decline is stalling and total unmet need exceeds 30 per cent among married women. In Ghana, where fertility levels vary considerably, demographic information at sub-national level is essential for building effective family planning programmes. We used small-area estimation techniques, linking data from…
Hiv Awareness in China Among Women of Reproductive Age (1997–2005)
HIV prevalence in China is less than one per cent, but the absolute number of people living with HIV/AIDS is large and growing. Given the limited scope of any potential cure for HIV, prevention plays a crucial role in controlling the epidemic. This paper examines the evolution of HIV awareness among women in China between 1997 and 2005. A regression decomposition analysis technique was used to disentangle the two main components driving a change …
How important are community characteristics in influencing children׳s nutritional status? Evidence from Malawi population-based household and community surveys
Using the 2004 data from the Malawi Integrated Household Survey and the Malawi Community Survey, this study investigates the influence of community characteristics on stunting among children under five years of age in a rural context. Multilevel logistic regression modelling on 4284 children with stunting as the dependent variable shows that availability of daily markets and lineage defined in terms of patrilineal or matrilineal communities were …
A health promotion logic model to review progress in HIV prevention in China
Using the theory and concepts of health promotion, this paper proposes a logic model for HIV/AIDS prevention and control which provides a structure for describing planned actions and predicted impacts/outcomes from comprehensive HIV prevention interventions. The potential usefulness of the model is examined by reviewing the evolution of HIV prevention and management in China, drawing on evidence from interventions reported from a mixture of study…
Two-child policy in China
What led the government of the People’s Republic of China to relax the one-child policy? Is the two-child family planning policy a strategic response to address the current and imminent demographic
Gordon A. Carmichael
Medicine (28 obras) · Demography (26 obras) · Population (26 obras) · Sociology (25 obras) · Economics (19 obras) · Global Maternal and Child Health (19 obras) · Geography (18 obras) · Economic growth (17 obras) · Environmental health (17 obras) · Demographic Trends and Gender Preferences (16 obras)