Dean A Murphy
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 277516 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Dean A Murphy |
| PRENOMES | Dean A |
| SOBRENOME | Murphy |
| ASSINATURA | MURPHY D A |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of California, Los Angeles |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-7846-5164 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 56 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 146 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 56 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1993 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 6 |
Migration Status and HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Uptake Among Gay and Bisexual Men and Non-binary People in Australia
Increasing HIV prevention coverage among migrant gay and bisexual men (GBM) and non-binary people in Australia has become a priority, as recently arrived migrants are at higher risk of HIV acquisition than longer-term Australian residents. We compared GBM and non-binary participants who were willing to use but had never used pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) before with current PrEP users, and explored how migration status was associated with PrEP …
Increasing Sustained Viral Suppression Among Youth Living with HIV
Online Peer Support for Youth at Higher Risk of or Living with HIV
With the rise of technology-based interventions for HIV risk reduction among adolescents, research is needed to assess how youth participate in these strategies. We used qualitative content analysis to examine youth's posts in an online peer support intervention through the Adolescent Trials Network (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03134833, registered May 1, 2017) for youth at higher risk of or living with HIV. We analyzed 308 posts across 85 conversation…
Strategies to Facilitate Service Utilization Among Youth at Risk for HIV
Sexual and gender minority youth (SGMY) are vulnerable to acquiring HIV and need HIV prevention and health services, but may have competing needs. A prior analysis found that PrEP use reports increased in a combination intervention study arm with coaching, peer support, and automated text-messages. This paper examines ancillary support and healthcare services utilization as secondary intervention objectives. SGMY (N = 895, 40% Black, 29% Latino) …
PRO-FIT-Care study
Introduction Moderate-to-high physical activity participation is associated with a reduced risk of infertility. Yet, exercise interventions that target cardiorespiratory fitness, independent of weight loss, are lacking in obesity and female fertility research. Purpose The primary objective of the PRO-FIT-CARE (PROmoting FITness for CArdiometabolic & REproductive Health) study was to assess the feasibility of a moderate-to-high-intensity online ex…
A Mixed-Methods Longitudinal Investigation of Mothers’ Disclosure of HIV to Their Children
Mothers living with HIV (MLH) must navigate disclosing their serostatus to their children, but the longitudinal impact on families remains unknown. This study examined HIV disclosure, parenting, parenting stress, and child adjustment among 174 MLH-child dyads (aged 6–14; 35% Latinx; 57% Black/African American). Quantitative data were collected over four waves spanning 15 months. Qualitative data were collected with 14 families in which disclosure…
Longitudinal Bidirectional Relations among Parenting Quality, Parenting Stress, and Child Functioning in HIV-affected Families
Does Maternal HIV Disclosure Self-Efficacy Enhance Parent–Child Relationships and Child Adjustment
Pilot trial of a parenting and self-care intervention for HIV-positive mothers
A pilot study was conducted to assess the effects of the IMAGE pilot intervention (Improving Mothers' parenting Abilities, Growth, and Effectiveness) on mothers living with HIV (MLH). Based on Fisher and Fisher's IMB model [1992. Changing AIDS risk behavior. Psychological Bulletin, 111, 455-474], the intervention focused on self-care and parenting behavior skills of MLH that affect maternal, child, and family outcomes. A randomized pre-test-post-…
Individual Versus Community-Level Risk Compensation Following Preexposure Prophylaxis of HIV
We analyzed the concept of risk compensation and how it has been applied in HIV prevention, paying particular attention to the strategy of HIV preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP). In risk compensation, reduced perceptions of risk after the introduction of a preventative intervention lead to more frequent risk-taking behavior. Such a change may undermine the intervention’s protective benefits. We found that many studies purporting to investigate risk c…
Playing hard
In recent years, the concept of 'calculated hedonism' has dominated sociological understandings of young people's drinking practices. However, while contributing some important insights, this conceptualisation has not sufficiently considered the affective and embodied aspects of alcohol consumption. Our analysis explores the meanings and understandings of alcohol consumption among male participants in an 18-month study of young adults living in i…
Career readiness and externalizing behaviors of children affected by maternal HIV/Aids
The purpose of this 15-year longitudinal study was to assess the effects of maternal HIV/AIDS on child/adolescent career readiness and externalizing behaviors. Interviews were conducted with 66 pairs of healthy children and their mothers living with HIV/AIDS (MLH), who are participants in the Parents And children Coping Together (PACT) project begun in 1997. All study participants were English or Spanish speaking. About half (48.5%) of the youth …
The need to know
Although there is evidence of increasing overall rates of HIV status disclosure among gay and bisexual men, little is known about men's disclosure expectations and practices. In this study, we investigate the importance non-HIV-positive men in Australia vest in knowing the HIV status of their sexual partners, and the extent to which they restrict sex to partners of the same HIV status, and their HIV disclosure expectations. Data were collected th…
Parenting deficits of mothers living with HIV/Aids who have young children
The purpose of this study was to examine a model of the relationships between parenting deficits and skills, along with child outcomes, in a sample of mothers living with HIV (MLH) and their 6 to 14 year old children. Sixty-two MLH (61% Latina, 26% black, 3% white, & 10% multiracial) and their well children (age 6 - 14) were recruited from the greater Los Angeles, California, region to participate in an intervention (IMAGE: Improving Mothers' par…
Adolescent response to having an HIV-infected mother
In this study, late adolescents/early adults whose mothers were living with HIV (MLH) were interviewed in order to explore their perceptions of what it had been like for them to grow up under the shadow of their mothers' illness. Adolescents were asked to describe what the difficult aspects of growing up with an HIV-positive mother were as well as what, if any, were the more rewarding aspects. Interviews were conducted in 2009-2010 with a random …
The Desire for Parenthood
Gay men are becoming increasingly involved in reproduction despite significant barriers limiting their access to reproductive technologies or legal parentage in many jurisdictions. Based on in-depth interviews with gay men in the United States and Australia who have become parents through surrogacy, I explore how gay men understand their desire to have children and what frames their parenthood experiences. The notion of choice is widespread in un…
HIV-Positive Mothers With Late Adolescent/Early Adult Children
In-depth interviews about the "empty nest" were conducted with 57 HIV-positive mothers of late adolescent/early adult children. Empty nest worries included the following: (a) identity loss, (b) loss of social support, (c) financial insecurity, (d) worsening of physical health, and (e) death/dying. Hopes included the following: (a) self-improvement, (a) change of life focus, (c) travel, (d) romantic partners, and (e) familial ties. Respondents' HI…
Self-competence among early and middle adolescents affected by maternal HIV/Aids
Adolescent children of mothers with HIV face a host of stressors that place them at increased risk for poor outcomes. Using covariance structure analysis, this study examines adolescent risk outcomes and their relationships to maternal health, as well as the potentially protective factors of family environment and self-competence. The final model indicated that poor maternal health was negatively related to a protective family environment, which …
Trajectories of delinquency from age 14 to 23 in the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth sample
This study utilized data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth to investigate risk trajectories for delinquency and factors associated with different trajectories, particularly substance use. The sample (N = 8,984) was 49% female. A group-based trajectory model was applied, which identified four distinct trajectories for both males and females: (1) a High group with delinquency rates consistently higher than other groups, with some decre…
Effects of maternal HIV on children's psychosocial adjustment with peers and with their mother
A longitudinal assessment was undertaken of young adolescents' psychosocial outcomes affected by maternal HIV/AIDS, focusing on both parent-child psychosocial ties and peer relationships. Data were taken from the Parents and Children Coping Together study (PACT), a 15-year study assessing mothers with HIV/AIDS and their well children every 6 months. Families (N = 118) who participated in PACT II and PACT III are included in the current analyses, …
A Latent Class Analysis of Maternal Responsiveness and Autonomy-Granting in Early Adolescence
The present study sought to extend empirical inquiry related to the role of parenting on adolescent sexual risk-taking by using latent class analysis (LCA) to identify patterns of adolescent-reported mother responsiveness and autonomy-granting in early adolescence and examine associations with sexual risk-taking in mid- and late-adolescence. Utilizing a sample of 12- to 14-year-old adolescents ( N = 4,743) from the 1997 National Longitudinal Surv…
HIV-Positive Mothers' Communication About Safer Sex and STD Prevention With Their Children
Mothers play an important role in promoting the sexual health of their adolescent children. Fifty-seven HIV-positive mothers with adolescent children participated in an in-depth, qualitative interview regarding whether they have talked to their children about safer sex and sexually transmitted disease (STD) prevention, including at what age they began such discussions and what messages they gave to their children. The majority of mothers (95%) ha…
Developmental Trajectory of Sexual Risk Behaviors From Adolescence to Young Adulthood
This study examined the trajectories of sexual risk behaviors among adolescents from ages 15 to 23 and factors associated with those trajectories. The sample was 5,419 adolescents from the 1997 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth. Using group-based trajectory modeling, five distinctive trajectory groups were identified. The High group had a high and increased risk trajectory over the observed ages. The Decreased group had a risk trajectory that…
Victimization and Sexual Risk Behavior in Young, HIV Positive Women
Predictors of Sexual Behavior Among Early and Middle Adolescents Affected by Maternal HIV
The impact of maternal HIV and family variables on sexual behaviors of early and middle adolescents was investigated. Data were collected from 118 pairs of HIV-positive mothers and their uninfected early/middle adolescents across four time-points. Descriptive analyses show the prevalence of sexual behaviors in this sample was significantly lower than rates in a comparable sample of adolescents who participated in the Youth Risk Behavior Surveilla…
Psychological interventions to prevent HIV infection are urgently needed
The effects of HIV/Aids intervention groups for high-risk women in urban clinics
OBJECTIVE. This study reports the results of a behavior change intervention offered to women at high risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection seen in an urban primary health care clinic. METHODS. Participants were 197 women randomly assigned to either an HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) risk reduction group or a comparison group. Women in the HIV/AIDS intervention group attended five group sessions focusing on risk educa…
The Desire for Parenthood
Gay men are becoming increasingly involved in reproduction despite significant barriers limiting their access to reproductive technologies or legal parentage in many jurisdictions. Based on in-depth interviews with gay men in the United States and Australia who have become parents through surrogacy, I explore how gay men understand their desire to have children and what frames their parenthood experiences. The notion of choice is widespread in un…
Perceived HIV stigma in Aids caregiving dyads
A Latent Class Analysis of Maternal Responsiveness and Autonomy-Granting in Early Adolescence
The present study sought to extend empirical inquiry related to the role of parenting on adolescent sexual risk-taking by using latent class analysis (LCA) to identify patterns of adolescent-reported mother responsiveness and autonomy-granting in early adolescence and examine associations with sexual risk-taking in mid- and late-adolescence. Utilizing a sample of 12- to 14-year-old adolescents ( N = 4,743) from the 1997 National Longitudinal Surv…
Developmental Trajectory of Sexual Risk Behaviors From Adolescence to Young Adulthood
This study examined the trajectories of sexual risk behaviors among adolescents from ages 15 to 23 and factors associated with those trajectories. The sample was 5,419 adolescents from the 1997 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth. Using group-based trajectory modeling, five distinctive trajectory groups were identified. The High group had a high and increased risk trajectory over the observed ages. The Decreased group had a risk trajectory that…
Trajectories of HIV Risk Behavior from Age 15 to 25 in the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth Sample
Individual Versus Community-Level Risk Compensation Following Preexposure Prophylaxis of HIV
We analyzed the concept of risk compensation and how it has been applied in HIV prevention, paying particular attention to the strategy of HIV preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP). In risk compensation, reduced perceptions of risk after the introduction of a preventative intervention lead to more frequent risk-taking behavior. Such a change may undermine the intervention’s protective benefits. We found that many studies purporting to investigate risk c…
Maternal HIV/Aids and adolescent depression
The current study assessed the efficacy of selected variables from the Parents and children Coping Together (PACT) model, which was designed to predict maternal HIV effects on child/adolescent outcomes. Data from two longitudinal studies applying PACT measures were utilized, encompassing a seven-year assessment timespan for HIV-infected mothers and their children. Both maternal and child-based measures were evaluated, and a sequential longitudina…
Differences between completers and early dropouts from 2 HIV intervention trials
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to identify factors predicting program attrition among participants in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk reduction trials. METHODS: Participants were gay/bisexual men and severely mentally ill adults recruited to take part in HIV risk reduction small-group interventions. Program completers were compared with participants who were assessed at baseline but then failed to attend any sessions. The healt…
HIV-Positive Mothers' Communication About Safer Sex and STD Prevention With Their Children
Mothers play an important role in promoting the sexual health of their adolescent children. Fifty-seven HIV-positive mothers with adolescent children participated in an in-depth, qualitative interview regarding whether they have talked to their children about safer sex and sexually transmitted disease (STD) prevention, including at what age they began such discussions and what messages they gave to their children. The majority of mothers (95%) ha…
Playing hard
In recent years, the concept of 'calculated hedonism' has dominated sociological understandings of young people's drinking practices. However, while contributing some important insights, this conceptualisation has not sufficiently considered the affective and embodied aspects of alcohol consumption. Our analysis explores the meanings and understandings of alcohol consumption among male participants in an 18-month study of young adults living in i…
Parenting deficits of mothers living with HIV/Aids who have young children
The purpose of this study was to examine a model of the relationships between parenting deficits and skills, along with child outcomes, in a sample of mothers living with HIV (MLH) and their 6 to 14 year old children. Sixty-two MLH (61% Latina, 26% black, 3% white, & 10% multiracial) and their well children (age 6 - 14) were recruited from the greater Los Angeles, California, region to participate in an intervention (IMAGE: Improving Mothers' par…
Longitudinal Bidirectional Relations among Parenting Quality, Parenting Stress, and Child Functioning in HIV-affected Families
Effects of maternal HIV on children's psychosocial adjustment with peers and with their mother
A longitudinal assessment was undertaken of young adolescents' psychosocial outcomes affected by maternal HIV/AIDS, focusing on both parent-child psychosocial ties and peer relationships. Data were taken from the Parents and Children Coping Together study (PACT), a 15-year study assessing mothers with HIV/AIDS and their well children every 6 months. Families (N = 118) who participated in PACT II and PACT III are included in the current analyses, …
Religious groups as diffusers of HIV antibody testing and prevention messages
Using a quasi‐experimental design, this study examined how delivering a brief training to volunteers in church congregations impacted (a) church volunteers' persistence in delivering HIV antibody testing messages over time and (b) HIV antibody testing behavior of the church volunteers themselves. Church volunteers attended a briefing regarding delivery of public health messages to others and the churches were assigned to either: (a) a trained con…
Factors associated with severity of depression and high-risk sexual behavior among persons diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.
Psychological interventions to prevent HIV infection are urgently needed
Psychological interventions are urgently needed to prevent HIV infection
Psychological interventions are urgently needed to prevent HIV infection
The effects of HIV/Aids intervention groups for high-risk women in urban clinics
OBJECTIVE. This study reports the results of a behavior change intervention offered to women at high risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection seen in an urban primary health care clinic. METHODS. Participants were 197 women randomly assigned to either an HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) risk reduction group or a comparison group. Women in the HIV/AIDS intervention group attended five group sessions focusing on risk educa…
Randomised, controlled, community-level HIV-prevention intervention for sexual-risk behaviour among homosexual men in US cities
Recruiting a Cohort for the HIV Vaccine Trial
Risk Acts, Health Care, and Medical Adherence Among HIV+ Youths in Care over Time
Role Play Assessments of Sexual Assertiveness Skills
Differences between completers and early dropouts from 2 HIV intervention trials
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to identify factors predicting program attrition among participants in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk reduction trials. METHODS: Participants were gay/bisexual men and severely mentally ill adults recruited to take part in HIV risk reduction small-group interventions. Program completers were compared with participants who were assessed at baseline but then failed to attend any sessions. The healt…
Sexual HIV Risk Behavior Levels Among Young and Older Gay Men Outside of Aids Epicenters
HIV-infected adolescent and adult perceptions of tuberculosis testing, knowledge and medication adherence in the USA
HIV-infected adolescent and adult perceptions of tuberculosis (TB) infection rates and physician TB behaviour, and patient knowledge of TB transmission and treatment adherence were assessed. HIV-infected youth (N = 199) from adolescent clinical care sites in three cities and HIV-infected adults (N = 133) in New York were interviewed. Adolescent self-report was compared to medical chart review. Adolescents reported they were significantly less lik…
Lifestyle Choices of Parents Living with Aids
Antiretroviral medication adherence among the Reach HIV-infected adolescent cohort in the USA
Adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) was investigated among HIV-infected adolescents recruited from 13 US cities into the REACH (Reaching for Excellence in Adolescent Care and Health) project, the first large-scale disease progression study of HIV-positive adolescents infected through sexual behaviour or injection drug use. Of 161 subjects, 7% could not correctly identify all their prescribed medications; 11% could identify t…
Religious groups as diffusers of HIV antibody testing and prevention messages
Using a quasi‐experimental design, this study examined how delivering a brief training to volunteers in church congregations impacted (a) church volunteers' persistence in delivering HIV antibody testing messages over time and (b) HIV antibody testing behavior of the church volunteers themselves. Church volunteers attended a briefing regarding delivery of public health messages to others and the churches were assigned to either: (a) a trained con…
Religious groups as diffusers of HIV antibody testing and prevention messages
Using a quasi-experimental design, this study examined how delivering a brief training to volunteers in church congregations impacted (a) church volunteers' persistence in delivering HIV antibody testing messages over time and (b) HIV antibody testing behavior of the church volunteers themselves. Church volunteers attended a briefing regarding delivery of public health messages to others and the churches were assigned to either: (a) a trained con…
HIV/Aids patient involvement in antiretroviral treatment decisions
An assessment of HIV/AIDS patients' involvement in antiretroviral treatment decisions with their health care providers was undertaken. Four focus group interviews were conducted with HIV-positive individuals (N = 39) who were receiving antiretroviral medications at the time of the study. Participants ranged in age from 33 to 54 years, 69% were male, with 44% African-American, 39% White and 12% Latino/other race. Qualitative analyses were used to …
Mothers living with HIV/Aids
There has been little work assessing the psychological condition of mothers living with HIV, their home life, and how these women function as caretakers with a chronic illness. In this study, interviews were conducted with 135 HIV symptomatic or AIDS diagnosed mothers of young, well children aged 6-11. White mothers were less likely to be severely ill (CD4 counts of <500) than all other race/ethnic groups. The mean level of depression was elevate…
Barriers and successful strategies to antiretroviral adherence among HIV-infected monolingual Spanish-speaking patients
Focus groups were conducted with HIV-infected, monolingual Spanish-speaking patients (N = 81) taking antiretrovirals in order to: (1) determine what barriers impede medication adherence; (2) determine what strategies facilitate adherence; and (3) investigate the health care provider-patient relationship and whether it impacts adherence. Both quantitative and qualitative information was gathered. Participants were prescribed an average of 11 pills…
Predictors of antiretroviral adherence
This study was conducted in order to help determine the key factors that predict adherence to antiretroviral medications. A total of 115 HIV/AIDS patients who were having trouble adhering to their antiretroviral regimens completed face-to-face interviews in which adherence levels, medication side effects, mental health, social support, patient-provider relationship characteristics, substance use and health anxiety were assessed. Three measures of…
The role of family caregivers in HIV medication adherence
This study examines the role that mid-life and older wives and mothers play in promoting medication adherence among their HIV-infected husbands or adult sons who require daily living assistance. Interviews were conducted with 112 caregiving dyads, with caregivers reporting on their own behaviours and attitudes towards medications, and care-recipients (persons living with HIV [PLH]) providing information about their own adherence practices. By exa…
Perceived HIV stigma in Aids caregiving dyads
HIV-related traumatic stress symptoms in Aids caregiving family dyads
This study assesses HIV-related traumatic stress symptoms in 135 AIDS caregiving family dyads in which the caregiver is a midlife or older mother or wife, and the care-recipient is her HIV-infected adult son or husband. Symptoms of HIV-related traumatic stress can be reliably measured in these dyads, with both caregivers and care-recipients reporting avoidant and intrusive thoughts. Among care-recipients, high symptoms are associated with high da…
Improving comprehension for HIV vaccine trial information among adolescents at risk of HIV
A simplified version of the HIVNET prototype HIV vaccine process was developed for adolescents at risk of HIV by:(1) reducing reading level; (2) reorganizing; (3) adding illustrations; and (4) obtaining focus group feedback. Then adolescents (N = 187) in three cities were randomly assigned to the standard or simplified version. Adolescents receiving the simplified version had significantly higher comprehension scores (80% correct vs. 72% correct)…
HIV-Related Stigma among People with HIV and their Families
Medicine (53 obras) · Psychology (49 obras) · HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions (42 obras) · Psychiatry (34 obras) · Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health (33 obras) · Family medicine (29 obras) · Clinical Psychology (27 obras) · Developmental psychology (24 obras) · Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV (17 obras) · Public health (16 obras)