Sandra Halperin
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 285795 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Sandra Halperin |
| PRENOMES | Sandra |
| SOBRENOME | Halperin |
| ASSINATURA | HALPERIN S |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Royal Holloway University of London |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-3556-2540 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 29 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 25 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 27 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 2 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1992 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2023 |
| ÍNDICE H | 4 |
Smashing the Liquor Machine
The far-right in modern world history
It is commonly assumed that far-right populist and nationalist movements and parties emerge within, and in reaction to, liberal international orders. This paper challenges that assumption. It shows that, while the rise of the far-right in interwar Europe and in recent decades in the Global North occurred during periods characterized by globalization, it was a globalization that was essentially anti-liberal in nature. During both periods, globaliz…
Political Sociologies of the Cultural Encounter
Polanyi’s two transformations revisited
In The Great Transformation, Karl Polanyi offers a ‘top-down’ analysis of the rise and demise of Europe’s unregulated market system. He assumes that changes in the organization of the international economy provide particular kinds of opportunities for states to act which, in turn, shapes the extent to which social forces will be able to influence state policy. Consequently, his analysis focuses, first, on the international institutions created by…
An Historical Comparison of Religious Revival
Predictions about the future of the Middle East have proliferated in step with recent events and escalating tensions in the region. This paper highlights the usefulness of historical comparative research for addressing predictive questions and, specifically, those relating to the current Islamic revival. It challenges assumptions that have prevented researchers from exploring this avenue of research; and describes a generally overlooked chapter i…
What is Data?
This chapter considers the main types of data used in Politics and International Relations (IR), as well as the main criteria by which to judge whether the data collected is good or not. It first describes the steps involved in the process of thinking about what data or evidence is relevant to answering a research question before discussing the importance of addressing issues of validity and reliability in research. Some of these issues are illus…
Comparative Research
This chapter explores the principles of comparative research design as well as the issues and problems associated with different aspects of the approach. In particular, it considers the issue of case selection, the common sources of error that are associated with comparative research, and what can be done to try and avoid or minimize them. The comparative method is one of the most commonly used methods in political research and is often employed …
A Guide to Multivariate Analysis
This chapter extends the principles of bivariate analysis to multivariate analysis, which takes into account more than one independent variable and the dependent variable. With multivariate analysis, it is possible to investigate the impact of multiple factors on a dependent variable of interest, and to compare the explanatory power of rival hypotheses. Multivariate analysis can also be used to develop and test multi-causal explanations of politi…
Surveys
This chapter discusses the principles of survey research as well as the issues and problems associated with different stages of the research design process. In particular, it examines questionnaire design, sample design, and interviewing techniques, along with the common sources of error that affect survey research and what can be done to try and avoid or minimize them. Although surveys have several weaknesses, they are widely used in political r…
Patterns of Association
This chapter discusses the principles of bivariate analysis as a tool for helping researchers get to know their data and identify patterns of association between two variables. Bivariate analysis offers a way of establishing whether or not there is a relationship between two variables, a dependent variable and an independent variable. With bivariate analysis, theoretical expectations can be compared against evidence from the real world to see if …
Objectivity and Values
This chapter focuses on a key debate in the philosophy of social science: whether it is possible to separate facts and values in social science research. It first considers normative and empirical theory in political research before discussing the ways in which the values of the researcher influence the research process. It then examines Thomas Kuhn’s arguments concerning paradigms and how they change through scientific ‘revolutions’, along with …
Ethnography and Participant Observation
This chapter discusses the principles of ethnography and participant observation: what they are, how (if) they became standardized as a research method, what form of evidence they constitute, and what place they occupy in the study of Politics. Participant observation has emerged as a popular research tool across the social sciences. In particular, political ethnographies are now widely carried out in a wide variety of contexts, from the study of…
The imperial city-state and the national state form
This contribution argues, first, that pre-national forms of state were not displaced or supplanted by a new, national form. What we call the nation-state was not the successor to imperial or city-states but was itself a form of the European imperial city-states that had driven the expansion of capitalism in previous centuries. It argues, second, that national states emerged only after 1945 and only in a handful of states where, through welfare re…
Modernity and the embedding of economic expansion
The nationally embedded and relatively broad-based economies characteristic of developed industrial countries are usually seen as the incarnation of a modern economy. These economies are largely internally oriented and are based, to a relatively great extent, on production and services based on local and national needs. Their provenance is generally assumed to have been processes of development that began in the sixteenth century and that, in the…
Introduction
‘Empires and civilizations come and go’, or so it is generally assumed. But what actually happens when imperial powers decline? Do the institutions and logics of empire entirely disappear? A great deal of historical and archaeological evidence suggests that they do not, that they leave their mark on international structures and processes and on the institutions, cultures, politics and legal systems of the peoples who inhabit the territories of th…
Legacies of Empire
The nation-state is a fairly recent historical phenomenon. Human history over the past two to four millennia has been dominated by empires, and the legacies of these empires continues to shape the contemporary world in ways that are not always recognised or fully understood. Much research and writing about European colonial empires has focused on relations between them and their colonies. This book examines the phenomenon of empire from a differe…
The political economy of Anglo-American War
Nationalism Reconsidered
The emergence and generalisation of the nation‐state model was a product of an earlier phase of capitalist globalisation and the resulting dualistic process of expansion that, throughout the world, worked to increase the cultural distance between cities and their surrounding hinterlands. This dualism had a simultaneous globalising and localising dynamic: it linked together the upper strata of communities around the world in a trans‐local system o…
Power to the People
Much current thinking about democracy and how it can be promoted is based on myths about how democracy was achieved in the West. For example, the association of economic openness with democratisation — the focus of a vast literature and the rationale for most, if not all, major democracy promotion proposals and programme — is based, implicitly or explicitly, on the erroneous assumption that the emergence of democracy in the West was associated, i…
Varieties of World-Making
Re-Envisioning Global Development
Most approaches to understanding contemporary development assume that industrial capitalism was achieved through a process of nationally organised economic growth, and that in recent years its organisation has become increasingly trans-local or global. However, this paper argues that capitalist development has, everywhere and from the start, involved not whole nations or societies but only sectors or geographical areas within states and territori…
The post-cold war political topography of the Middle East
The debate on democracy in the Middle East has generated many important questions but has, so far, answered few of them satisfactorily. This paper endeavours to understand the prospects and problems for democracy in the region by making visible the connections between this issue and one of the least explored and understood aspects of the contemporary Middle East: how the suppression of communist, socialist, and other leftist and reformist politic…
War and social change in modern Europe
Halperin traces the persistence of traditional class structures during the development of industrial capitalism in Europe, and the way in which these structures shaped states and state behavior and generated conflict. She documents European conflicts between 1789 and 1914, including small and medium scale conflicts often ignored by researchers and links these conflicts to structures characteristic of industrial capitalist development in Europe be…
Dynamics of Conflict and System Change
Karl Polanyi’s analysis in The Great Transformation has played a prominent role in shaping our understanding of the nature and outcome of both globalization and the movements that have emerged to resist it. However, this article argues that Polanyi’s account of the rise and demise of Europe’s 19th-century market system is, in important respects, incomplete and misleading. Its central concern is Polanyi’s neglect of class structures and processes …
Global Civil Society and Its Limits
Re-Envisioning Global Development
Most approaches to understanding contemporary development assume that industrial capitalism was achieved through a process of nationally organised economic growth, and that in recent years its organisation has become increasingly trans-local or global. However, this paper argues that capitalist development has, everywhere and from the start, involved not whole nations or societies but only sectors or geographical areas within states and territori…
Dynamics of Conflict and System Change
Karl Polanyi’s analysis in The Great Transformation has played a prominent role in shaping our understanding of the nature and outcome of both globalization and the movements that have emerged to resist it. However, this article argues that Polanyi’s account of the rise and demise of Europe’s 19th-century market system is, in important respects, incomplete and misleading. Its central concern is Polanyi’s neglect of class structures and processes …
The far-right in modern world history
It is commonly assumed that far-right populist and nationalist movements and parties emerge within, and in reaction to, liberal international orders. This paper challenges that assumption. It shows that, while the rise of the far-right in interwar Europe and in recent decades in the Global North occurred during periods characterized by globalization, it was a globalization that was essentially anti-liberal in nature. During both periods, globaliz…
Polanyi’s two transformations revisited
In The Great Transformation, Karl Polanyi offers a ‘top-down’ analysis of the rise and demise of Europe’s unregulated market system. He assumes that changes in the organization of the international economy provide particular kinds of opportunities for states to act which, in turn, shapes the extent to which social forces will be able to influence state policy. Consequently, his analysis focuses, first, on the international institutions created by…
The post-cold war political topography of the Middle East
The debate on democracy in the Middle East has generated many important questions but has, so far, answered few of them satisfactorily. This paper endeavours to understand the prospects and problems for democracy in the region by making visible the connections between this issue and one of the least explored and understood aspects of the contemporary Middle East: how the suppression of communist, socialist, and other leftist and reformist politic…
The imperial city-state and the national state form
This contribution argues, first, that pre-national forms of state were not displaced or supplanted by a new, national form. What we call the nation-state was not the successor to imperial or city-states but was itself a form of the European imperial city-states that had driven the expansion of capitalism in previous centuries. It argues, second, that national states emerged only after 1945 and only in a handful of states where, through welfare re…
The political economy of Anglo-American War
Nationalism Reconsidered
The emergence and generalisation of the nation‐state model was a product of an earlier phase of capitalist globalisation and the resulting dualistic process of expansion that, throughout the world, worked to increase the cultural distance between cities and their surrounding hinterlands. This dualism had a simultaneous globalising and localising dynamic: it linked together the upper strata of communities around the world in a trans‐local system o…
Power to the People
Much current thinking about democracy and how it can be promoted is based on myths about how democracy was achieved in the West. For example, the association of economic openness with democratisation — the focus of a vast literature and the rationale for most, if not all, major democracy promotion proposals and programme — is based, implicitly or explicitly, on the erroneous assumption that the emergence of democracy in the West was associated, i…
Shadowboxing
The perception that traditional frameworks used to study international relations have failed to grasp both the nature of international relations and the direction of major trends of change in the international system has stimulated a more searching critique of dominant approaches in the field, a wider appreciation for critical theory, and a renewed interest in history. International relations theorists of all schools now recognize that convention…
Activities and Appointments
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. As you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button
The International Spread of Ethnic Conflict
Shadowboxing
The perception that traditional frameworks used to study international relations have failed to grasp both the nature of international relations and the direction of major trends of change in the international system has stimulated a more searching critique of dominant approaches in the field, a wider appreciation for critical theory, and a renewed interest in history. International relations theorists of all schools now recognize that convention…
Global Civil Society and Its Limits
Effective Resistance to Corporate Globalization
Growing concerns about the lack of real democracy, increasing inequalities, re-colonization and ecological crises associated with what is called ‘globalization’ have focused attention on alternatives. Are forces of resistance to globalization emerging that are capable either of reversing it, or shaping it in less destructive ways
War and social change in modern Europe
Halperin traces the persistence of traditional class structures during the development of industrial capitalism in Europe, and the way in which these structures shaped states and state behavior and generated conflict. She documents European conflicts between 1789 and 1914, including small and medium scale conflicts often ignored by researchers and links these conflicts to structures characteristic of industrial capitalist development in Europe be…
Dynamics of Conflict and System Change
Karl Polanyi’s analysis in The Great Transformation has played a prominent role in shaping our understanding of the nature and outcome of both globalization and the movements that have emerged to resist it. However, this article argues that Polanyi’s account of the rise and demise of Europe’s 19th-century market system is, in important respects, incomplete and misleading. Its central concern is Polanyi’s neglect of class structures and processes …
The post-cold war political topography of the Middle East
The debate on democracy in the Middle East has generated many important questions but has, so far, answered few of them satisfactorily. This paper endeavours to understand the prospects and problems for democracy in the region by making visible the connections between this issue and one of the least explored and understood aspects of the contemporary Middle East: how the suppression of communist, socialist, and other leftist and reformist politic…
Varieties of World-Making
Re-Envisioning Global Development
Most approaches to understanding contemporary development assume that industrial capitalism was achieved through a process of nationally organised economic growth, and that in recent years its organisation has become increasingly trans-local or global. However, this paper argues that capitalist development has, everywhere and from the start, involved not whole nations or societies but only sectors or geographical areas within states and territori…
Nationalism Reconsidered
The emergence and generalisation of the nation‐state model was a product of an earlier phase of capitalist globalisation and the resulting dualistic process of expansion that, throughout the world, worked to increase the cultural distance between cities and their surrounding hinterlands. This dualism had a simultaneous globalising and localising dynamic: it linked together the upper strata of communities around the world in a trans‐local system o…
Power to the People
Much current thinking about democracy and how it can be promoted is based on myths about how democracy was achieved in the West. For example, the association of economic openness with democratisation — the focus of a vast literature and the rationale for most, if not all, major democracy promotion proposals and programme — is based, implicitly or explicitly, on the erroneous assumption that the emergence of democracy in the West was associated, i…
The political economy of Anglo-American War
Introduction
‘Empires and civilizations come and go’, or so it is generally assumed. But what actually happens when imperial powers decline? Do the institutions and logics of empire entirely disappear? A great deal of historical and archaeological evidence suggests that they do not, that they leave their mark on international structures and processes and on the institutions, cultures, politics and legal systems of the peoples who inhabit the territories of th…
Legacies of Empire
The nation-state is a fairly recent historical phenomenon. Human history over the past two to four millennia has been dominated by empires, and the legacies of these empires continues to shape the contemporary world in ways that are not always recognised or fully understood. Much research and writing about European colonial empires has focused on relations between them and their colonies. This book examines the phenomenon of empire from a differe…
Modernity and the embedding of economic expansion
The nationally embedded and relatively broad-based economies characteristic of developed industrial countries are usually seen as the incarnation of a modern economy. These economies are largely internally oriented and are based, to a relatively great extent, on production and services based on local and national needs. Their provenance is generally assumed to have been processes of development that began in the sixteenth century and that, in the…
What is Data?
This chapter considers the main types of data used in Politics and International Relations (IR), as well as the main criteria by which to judge whether the data collected is good or not. It first describes the steps involved in the process of thinking about what data or evidence is relevant to answering a research question before discussing the importance of addressing issues of validity and reliability in research. Some of these issues are illus…
Comparative Research
This chapter explores the principles of comparative research design as well as the issues and problems associated with different aspects of the approach. In particular, it considers the issue of case selection, the common sources of error that are associated with comparative research, and what can be done to try and avoid or minimize them. The comparative method is one of the most commonly used methods in political research and is often employed …
A Guide to Multivariate Analysis
This chapter extends the principles of bivariate analysis to multivariate analysis, which takes into account more than one independent variable and the dependent variable. With multivariate analysis, it is possible to investigate the impact of multiple factors on a dependent variable of interest, and to compare the explanatory power of rival hypotheses. Multivariate analysis can also be used to develop and test multi-causal explanations of politi…
Surveys
This chapter discusses the principles of survey research as well as the issues and problems associated with different stages of the research design process. In particular, it examines questionnaire design, sample design, and interviewing techniques, along with the common sources of error that affect survey research and what can be done to try and avoid or minimize them. Although surveys have several weaknesses, they are widely used in political r…
Patterns of Association
This chapter discusses the principles of bivariate analysis as a tool for helping researchers get to know their data and identify patterns of association between two variables. Bivariate analysis offers a way of establishing whether or not there is a relationship between two variables, a dependent variable and an independent variable. With bivariate analysis, theoretical expectations can be compared against evidence from the real world to see if …
Objectivity and Values
This chapter focuses on a key debate in the philosophy of social science: whether it is possible to separate facts and values in social science research. It first considers normative and empirical theory in political research before discussing the ways in which the values of the researcher influence the research process. It then examines Thomas Kuhn’s arguments concerning paradigms and how they change through scientific ‘revolutions’, along with …
Ethnography and Participant Observation
This chapter discusses the principles of ethnography and participant observation: what they are, how (if) they became standardized as a research method, what form of evidence they constitute, and what place they occupy in the study of Politics. Participant observation has emerged as a popular research tool across the social sciences. In particular, political ethnographies are now widely carried out in a wide variety of contexts, from the study of…
The imperial city-state and the national state form
This contribution argues, first, that pre-national forms of state were not displaced or supplanted by a new, national form. What we call the nation-state was not the successor to imperial or city-states but was itself a form of the European imperial city-states that had driven the expansion of capitalism in previous centuries. It argues, second, that national states emerged only after 1945 and only in a handful of states where, through welfare re…
Polanyi’s two transformations revisited
In The Great Transformation, Karl Polanyi offers a ‘top-down’ analysis of the rise and demise of Europe’s unregulated market system. He assumes that changes in the organization of the international economy provide particular kinds of opportunities for states to act which, in turn, shapes the extent to which social forces will be able to influence state policy. Consequently, his analysis focuses, first, on the international institutions created by…
Political science (26 obras) · Law (23 obras) · Politics (21 obras) · Sociology (19 obras) · Political economy (15 obras) · Economics (13 obras) · Law (10 obras) · History (8 obras) · Economic system (7 obras) · Political Economy and Marxism (7 obras)