Oren Barak
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 288255 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Oren Barak |
| PRENOMES | Oren |
| SOBRENOME | Barak |
| ASSINATURA | BARAK O |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Hebrew University of Jerusalem |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-0088-1621 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 26 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 89 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 26 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2002 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 6 |
Place-Naming in Jerusalem
This article argues that since 1949, when Israel declared Jerusalem its capital, this city can best be described as belonging to three overlapping categories―postcolonial cities, divided cities, and capital cities of at least one sovereign state or region―making it a Postcolonial Divided Capital City (PDCC). The article posits that the three main attributes of PDCCs and the interplay among them shape these cities’ political, social, economic, and…
Normalizing “Gaza” in Jerusalem
This article extends the “material turn” in ontological security (OS) studies to include the OS politics of toponyms (place names). It does so by critically unveiling a crucial overlooked aspect of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict: The process whereby “Gaza Street” in Jerusalem, a “benign toponym” with a functional meaning, became an “abject toponym”—an ambiguous object that elicits anxiety and ontological insecurity since it blurs the boundaries…
Toponyms and political control in divided cities
This paper examines how dominant communities (ethnic or national groups) in divided cities use toponyms (place names) as part of their efforts to establish and maintain various types of political control over urban spaces. To this end, it analyzes an original dataset that includes all the names that the State of Israel, which has been dominated by the Jewish community since its establishment, gave to neighborhoods in West Jerusalem during the per…
Place Naming as a Foreign Policy Tool
This article maintains that states can utilize place naming in their capitals to advance two foreign policy goals: first, promoting closer relations with other international actors, including states and international organizations, thereby complementing more traditional diplomatic means; second, supporting national branding efforts as the state strives to enhance the image it seeks to project to other international actors and its global reputatio…
The shift to defence in Israel’s hybrid military strategy
This paper traces the significant change that has occurred in the balance between offense and defence in Israel’s ‘hybrid’ military strategy in recent decades. Relying on fresh materials concerning the organizational, doctrinal, and procurement processes of Israel’s military, we identify a shift from offense towards defence as the preferred way to protect Israel in the face of new security threats. We also show that due to rapidly changing securi…
Military Autonomy and Balancing in Political Crises
This article argues that autonomous militaries can play a balancing role during major internal political crises. However, when militaries’ autonomy is curtailed by political leaders before the crisis, militaries cannot maintain the political balance between rulers and opponents, thereby increasing the risk of armed conflict. The article first explains the main concepts relevant to the discussion (autonomy, political crisis, balancing role), explo…
Studying International Relations through Horror Films
This paper argues that works of popular culture, specifically horror films, offer valuable insights into dominant and critical perceptions of the sources of violence in ongoing armed conflicts—an issue of concern for scholars of International Relations (IR) scholars, which as yet has not received sufficient attention. Accordingly, we present a new approach that IR scholars can utilize in their analysis of works of popular culture, applying it to …
Revenge of the jobniks’? Soldier representation and resistance in contemporary Israeli popular culture
For many decades, cultural representations of the military and military service in Israel, particularly in films and television series, tended to focus on male Sabra (Israeli-born) soldiers and their combat experiences, portraying them from either a ‘heroic-nationalist’ or a ‘post-heroic’ perspective. However, several recent Israeli films and television series bring to the fore men and women from different social backgrounds who serve as non-comb…
Security Networks, Deep States, and the Democratic Deficit in the Middle East
This article argues that part of the reason why some Middle Eastern states remain democratically challenged is the emergence, operation, and political influence of "security networks" and "deep states"—informal actors in the area of national security. The article explains what these actors are, situates them in a broad theoretical and comparative perspective, assesses their impact on democratic development, and provides examples from Turkey, Leba…
State Expansion and Conflict
Lebanon and Israel/Palestine are two political entities that expanded in 1920 and 1967 respectively, and became divided societies characterized by periods of stability and conflict. This book provides the first detailed comparison between the two states and also explores the effects of their expansion on their changing relations. It looks first at how both expanded states attempted to cope with their predicaments, focusing on the relationship bet…
Israel's Security Networks
Since the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly after the Israeli-Arab War of 1967, a highly informal but simultaneously potent security network has influenced Israel's domestic sphere. Composed of acting and former security personnel and their partners in the state's various civilian spheres, this security network has affected Israeli culture, politics, society, economy, public discourse and foreign relations. This book …
How The Mouse Got His Roar’
In 1953 Israel abandoned the 'defensive–offensive' military strategy that it had adopted four years earlier, in the wake of the First Arab–Israeli War, in favor of an 'offensive–defensive' military strategy that, to a large extent, persists until this day. This paper, which employs previously untapped Israeli official documents, personal interviews, memoirs, biographies, and secondary sources, casts new light on this critical juncture in the hist…
Continuity and Change in the Social Background of Israel's Military Elite
This article discusses markers of continuity and change in the social background of Israel’s military elite from the establishment of the State of Israel and the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) in 1948 until the present. This is done by analyzing an original database that we have created, which includes details on the social background of all 213 officers who were promoted to the ranks of major general ( Aluf ) and lieutenant general ( Rav Aluf ) — t…
The Military Careers and Second Careers of Israel's Military Elite
This article discusses the military careers and second careers of members of Israel's military elite from the establishment of the State of Israel and its military — the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) — until the present. This is done by analyzing an original database that includes details on all 213 officers who were promoted to the two highest ranks in the IDF — major general ( Aluf ) and lieutenant general ( Rav Aluf ) — and who served in its gen…
Representation(s) in the Middle East
Representation and Stability in Postwar Lebanon
The two decades that elapsed since the end of the civil war in Lebanon (1975–90) were not always stable but did not witness a return to conflict. This article suggests that a significant factor that can help account for this outcome is the reforms introduced in Lebanon's security sector, and especially in the Lebanese Armed Forces (LAF), which made the LAF more representative and hence more legitimate in the eyes of members of Lebanon's various s…
Studying Middle East Militaries
Research on Middle East militaries is imbalanced. In recent decades, scholarly interest in Israel and Turkey has expanded, while the Arab states have more often than not been overlooked. In this essay, I suggest how to address the “gap” in the study of Arab militaries by drawing parallels with militaries in non-Arab states, which have received considerable attention
The Arab Security Sector
This article discusses the lack of adequate attention to the Arab Security Sector and its complex political and social roles in the Arab States and presents the contours of a new research agenda for this topic. First, the authors demonstrate the insufficient scholarly attention accorded to the Arab Security Sector in several academic publications in the fields of Middle East Studies and Security Studies in the period 1990 -2005. Second, they focu…
The Lebanese Army
The Study of Civil-Military Relations in Israel
The aim of the article is threefold: first, to define and examine the major approaches to the study of the relationship between Israel's security sector and civilian realms (political, social, economic, and discursive), which we refer to as the traditional, and new critical approaches; second, to emphasize the theoretical and empirical gaps that exist in the scholarly treatment of the relationships between actors operating within both types of sp…
Dilemmas of Security in Iraq
This article suggests that much of the violence that has ravaged Iraq since the country's occupation by the US-led coalition in 2003 can be explained by focusing on the interplay between domestic and external factors that pushed Iraq's major communities (Shi'is, Sunnis, and Kurds) into conflict. The domestic factors include an intercommunal 'security dilemma' that was engendered by the US-led invasion; the role of belligerent 'ethnic entrepreneur…
Don't Mention the War?” The Politics of Remembrance and Forgetfulness in Postwar Lebanon
This article explores the divergent ways in which the state, the political society, and the civil society in Lebanon have addressed the Civil War (1975-90) in the postwar era. More specifically, I explore the interplay between actors operating within these spheres concerning three contentious questions: a) Should the war be remembered and commemorated? b) Who is responsible for the war? c) How to consider Lebanon's modern history in light of the …
Towards a Representative Military? The Transformation of the Lebanese Officer Corps since 1945
This article discusses the transformation of the officer corps of the Lebanese Army since 1945, based on data collected on 4,453 officers who served in this institution over the years. It examines the social makeup, professional careers, and political orientation of these officers, as well as the interplay between the transformation of the officer corps over time and broader political and socioeconomic changes in Lebanon since its independence
Israel's “Security Network” and Its Impact
This article discusses a critical factor that has influenced Israel's politics, society, economy, and public discourse since this state's establishment in 1948, and particularly after the 1967 war: a highly informal but at the same time very potent “Security Network.” This Network has been critically involved in the political, social, economic, and cultural spheres, and its impact is felt in major and lesser issues. It is made up of actors who ( …
The Failure of the Israeli-Palestinian Peace Process, 1993-2000
The article presents a critique of the Israeli-Palestinian peace process of 1993-2000 (the Oslo Process) by placing it in historical and theoretical perspective. It begins by showing how the Oslo Process was inspired by the legacy of peacemaking in the Arab-Israeli conflict, which stipulated peacemaking between states, and contends that this factor had far-reaching implications for the way the Israeli-Palestinian conflict was analyzed and treated…
Israel's “Security Network” and Its Impact
This article discusses a critical factor that has influenced Israel's politics, society, economy, and public discourse since this state's establishment in 1948, and particularly after the 1967 war: a highly informal but at the same time very potent “Security Network.” This Network has been critically involved in the political, social, economic, and cultural spheres, and its impact is felt in major and lesser issues. It is made up of actors who ( …
Don't Mention the War?” The Politics of Remembrance and Forgetfulness in Postwar Lebanon
This article explores the divergent ways in which the state, the political society, and the civil society in Lebanon have addressed the Civil War (1975-90) in the postwar era. More specifically, I explore the interplay between actors operating within these spheres concerning three contentious questions: a) Should the war be remembered and commemorated? b) Who is responsible for the war? c) How to consider Lebanon's modern history in light of the …
Intra-Communal and Inter-Communal Dimensions of Conflict and Peace in Lebanon
Recent contributions to the study of ethnic conflict, which attempt to explain why and under what circumstances members of ethnic groups, or communities, 1 mobilize and engage in violence, include several works that are inspired by the “security dilemma”—a basic concept of the realist tradition of international theory. 2 Barry Posen, for instance, argues that ethnic groups behave like sovereign states in the international system and are influence…
Towards a Representative Military? The Transformation of the Lebanese Officer Corps since 1945
This article discusses the transformation of the officer corps of the Lebanese Army since 1945, based on data collected on 4,453 officers who served in this institution over the years. It examines the social makeup, professional careers, and political orientation of these officers, as well as the interplay between the transformation of the officer corps over time and broader political and socioeconomic changes in Lebanon since its independence
The Arab Security Sector
This article discusses the lack of adequate attention to the Arab Security Sector and its complex political and social roles in the Arab States and presents the contours of a new research agenda for this topic. First, the authors demonstrate the insufficient scholarly attention accorded to the Arab Security Sector in several academic publications in the fields of Middle East Studies and Security Studies in the period 1990 -2005. Second, they focu…
The Failure of the Israeli-Palestinian Peace Process, 1993-2000
The article presents a critique of the Israeli-Palestinian peace process of 1993-2000 (the Oslo Process) by placing it in historical and theoretical perspective. It begins by showing how the Oslo Process was inspired by the legacy of peacemaking in the Arab-Israeli conflict, which stipulated peacemaking between states, and contends that this factor had far-reaching implications for the way the Israeli-Palestinian conflict was analyzed and treated…
How The Mouse Got His Roar’
In 1953 Israel abandoned the 'defensive–offensive' military strategy that it had adopted four years earlier, in the wake of the First Arab–Israeli War, in favor of an 'offensive–defensive' military strategy that, to a large extent, persists until this day. This paper, which employs previously untapped Israeli official documents, personal interviews, memoirs, biographies, and secondary sources, casts new light on this critical juncture in the hist…
Continuity and Change in the Social Background of Israel's Military Elite
This article discusses markers of continuity and change in the social background of Israel’s military elite from the establishment of the State of Israel and the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) in 1948 until the present. This is done by analyzing an original database that we have created, which includes details on the social background of all 213 officers who were promoted to the ranks of major general ( Aluf ) and lieutenant general ( Rav Aluf ) — t…
The Study of Civil-Military Relations in Israel
The aim of the article is threefold: first, to define and examine the major approaches to the study of the relationship between Israel's security sector and civilian realms (political, social, economic, and discursive), which we refer to as the traditional, and new critical approaches; second, to emphasize the theoretical and empirical gaps that exist in the scholarly treatment of the relationships between actors operating within both types of sp…
Dilemmas of Security in Iraq
This article suggests that much of the violence that has ravaged Iraq since the country's occupation by the US-led coalition in 2003 can be explained by focusing on the interplay between domestic and external factors that pushed Iraq's major communities (Shi'is, Sunnis, and Kurds) into conflict. The domestic factors include an intercommunal 'security dilemma' that was engendered by the US-led invasion; the role of belligerent 'ethnic entrepreneur…
Place Naming as a Foreign Policy Tool
This article maintains that states can utilize place naming in their capitals to advance two foreign policy goals: first, promoting closer relations with other international actors, including states and international organizations, thereby complementing more traditional diplomatic means; second, supporting national branding efforts as the state strives to enhance the image it seeks to project to other international actors and its global reputatio…
The Military Careers and Second Careers of Israel's Military Elite
This article discusses the military careers and second careers of members of Israel's military elite from the establishment of the State of Israel and its military — the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) — until the present. This is done by analyzing an original database that includes details on all 213 officers who were promoted to the two highest ranks in the IDF — major general ( Aluf ) and lieutenant general ( Rav Aluf ) — and who served in its gen…
Toponyms and political control in divided cities
This paper examines how dominant communities (ethnic or national groups) in divided cities use toponyms (place names) as part of their efforts to establish and maintain various types of political control over urban spaces. To this end, it analyzes an original dataset that includes all the names that the State of Israel, which has been dominated by the Jewish community since its establishment, gave to neighborhoods in West Jerusalem during the per…
The shift to defence in Israel’s hybrid military strategy
This paper traces the significant change that has occurred in the balance between offense and defence in Israel’s ‘hybrid’ military strategy in recent decades. Relying on fresh materials concerning the organizational, doctrinal, and procurement processes of Israel’s military, we identify a shift from offense towards defence as the preferred way to protect Israel in the face of new security threats. We also show that due to rapidly changing securi…
Studying International Relations through Horror Films
This paper argues that works of popular culture, specifically horror films, offer valuable insights into dominant and critical perceptions of the sources of violence in ongoing armed conflicts—an issue of concern for scholars of International Relations (IR) scholars, which as yet has not received sufficient attention. Accordingly, we present a new approach that IR scholars can utilize in their analysis of works of popular culture, applying it to …
Security Networks, Deep States, and the Democratic Deficit in the Middle East
This article argues that part of the reason why some Middle Eastern states remain democratically challenged is the emergence, operation, and political influence of "security networks" and "deep states"—informal actors in the area of national security. The article explains what these actors are, situates them in a broad theoretical and comparative perspective, assesses their impact on democratic development, and provides examples from Turkey, Leba…
Studying Middle East Militaries
Research on Middle East militaries is imbalanced. In recent decades, scholarly interest in Israel and Turkey has expanded, while the Arab states have more often than not been overlooked. In this essay, I suggest how to address the “gap” in the study of Arab militaries by drawing parallels with militaries in non-Arab states, which have received considerable attention
Intra-Communal and Inter-Communal Dimensions of Conflict and Peace in Lebanon
Recent contributions to the study of ethnic conflict, which attempt to explain why and under what circumstances members of ethnic groups, or communities, 1 mobilize and engage in violence, include several works that are inspired by the “security dilemma”—a basic concept of the realist tradition of international theory. 2 Barry Posen, for instance, argues that ethnic groups behave like sovereign states in the international system and are influence…
The Failure of the Israeli-Palestinian Peace Process, 1993-2000
The article presents a critique of the Israeli-Palestinian peace process of 1993-2000 (the Oslo Process) by placing it in historical and theoretical perspective. It begins by showing how the Oslo Process was inspired by the legacy of peacemaking in the Arab-Israeli conflict, which stipulated peacemaking between states, and contends that this factor had far-reaching implications for the way the Israeli-Palestinian conflict was analyzed and treated…
Towards a Representative Military? The Transformation of the Lebanese Officer Corps since 1945
This article discusses the transformation of the officer corps of the Lebanese Army since 1945, based on data collected on 4,453 officers who served in this institution over the years. It examines the social makeup, professional careers, and political orientation of these officers, as well as the interplay between the transformation of the officer corps over time and broader political and socioeconomic changes in Lebanon since its independence
Israel's “Security Network” and Its Impact
This article discusses a critical factor that has influenced Israel's politics, society, economy, and public discourse since this state's establishment in 1948, and particularly after the 1967 war: a highly informal but at the same time very potent “Security Network.” This Network has been critically involved in the political, social, economic, and cultural spheres, and its impact is felt in major and lesser issues. It is made up of actors who ( …
The Study of Civil-Military Relations in Israel
The aim of the article is threefold: first, to define and examine the major approaches to the study of the relationship between Israel's security sector and civilian realms (political, social, economic, and discursive), which we refer to as the traditional, and new critical approaches; second, to emphasize the theoretical and empirical gaps that exist in the scholarly treatment of the relationships between actors operating within both types of sp…
Dilemmas of Security in Iraq
This article suggests that much of the violence that has ravaged Iraq since the country's occupation by the US-led coalition in 2003 can be explained by focusing on the interplay between domestic and external factors that pushed Iraq's major communities (Shi'is, Sunnis, and Kurds) into conflict. The domestic factors include an intercommunal 'security dilemma' that was engendered by the US-led invasion; the role of belligerent 'ethnic entrepreneur…
Don't Mention the War?” The Politics of Remembrance and Forgetfulness in Postwar Lebanon
This article explores the divergent ways in which the state, the political society, and the civil society in Lebanon have addressed the Civil War (1975-90) in the postwar era. More specifically, I explore the interplay between actors operating within these spheres concerning three contentious questions: a) Should the war be remembered and commemorated? b) Who is responsible for the war? c) How to consider Lebanon's modern history in light of the …
The Lebanese Army
The Arab Security Sector
This article discusses the lack of adequate attention to the Arab Security Sector and its complex political and social roles in the Arab States and presents the contours of a new research agenda for this topic. First, the authors demonstrate the insufficient scholarly attention accorded to the Arab Security Sector in several academic publications in the fields of Middle East Studies and Security Studies in the period 1990 -2005. Second, they focu…
Studying Middle East Militaries
Research on Middle East militaries is imbalanced. In recent decades, scholarly interest in Israel and Turkey has expanded, while the Arab states have more often than not been overlooked. In this essay, I suggest how to address the “gap” in the study of Arab militaries by drawing parallels with militaries in non-Arab states, which have received considerable attention
Continuity and Change in the Social Background of Israel's Military Elite
This article discusses markers of continuity and change in the social background of Israel’s military elite from the establishment of the State of Israel and the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) in 1948 until the present. This is done by analyzing an original database that we have created, which includes details on the social background of all 213 officers who were promoted to the ranks of major general ( Aluf ) and lieutenant general ( Rav Aluf ) — t…
The Military Careers and Second Careers of Israel's Military Elite
This article discusses the military careers and second careers of members of Israel's military elite from the establishment of the State of Israel and its military — the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) — until the present. This is done by analyzing an original database that includes details on all 213 officers who were promoted to the two highest ranks in the IDF — major general ( Aluf ) and lieutenant general ( Rav Aluf ) — and who served in its gen…
Representation(s) in the Middle East
Representation and Stability in Postwar Lebanon
The two decades that elapsed since the end of the civil war in Lebanon (1975–90) were not always stable but did not witness a return to conflict. This article suggests that a significant factor that can help account for this outcome is the reforms introduced in Lebanon's security sector, and especially in the Lebanese Armed Forces (LAF), which made the LAF more representative and hence more legitimate in the eyes of members of Lebanon's various s…
Israel's Security Networks
Since the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly after the Israeli-Arab War of 1967, a highly informal but simultaneously potent security network has influenced Israel's domestic sphere. Composed of acting and former security personnel and their partners in the state's various civilian spheres, this security network has affected Israeli culture, politics, society, economy, public discourse and foreign relations. This book …
How The Mouse Got His Roar’
In 1953 Israel abandoned the 'defensive–offensive' military strategy that it had adopted four years earlier, in the wake of the First Arab–Israeli War, in favor of an 'offensive–defensive' military strategy that, to a large extent, persists until this day. This paper, which employs previously untapped Israeli official documents, personal interviews, memoirs, biographies, and secondary sources, casts new light on this critical juncture in the hist…
State Expansion and Conflict
Lebanon and Israel/Palestine are two political entities that expanded in 1920 and 1967 respectively, and became divided societies characterized by periods of stability and conflict. This book provides the first detailed comparison between the two states and also explores the effects of their expansion on their changing relations. It looks first at how both expanded states attempted to cope with their predicaments, focusing on the relationship bet…
Security Networks, Deep States, and the Democratic Deficit in the Middle East
This article argues that part of the reason why some Middle Eastern states remain democratically challenged is the emergence, operation, and political influence of "security networks" and "deep states"—informal actors in the area of national security. The article explains what these actors are, situates them in a broad theoretical and comparative perspective, assesses their impact on democratic development, and provides examples from Turkey, Leba…
Studying International Relations through Horror Films
This paper argues that works of popular culture, specifically horror films, offer valuable insights into dominant and critical perceptions of the sources of violence in ongoing armed conflicts—an issue of concern for scholars of International Relations (IR) scholars, which as yet has not received sufficient attention. Accordingly, we present a new approach that IR scholars can utilize in their analysis of works of popular culture, applying it to …
Revenge of the jobniks’? Soldier representation and resistance in contemporary Israeli popular culture
For many decades, cultural representations of the military and military service in Israel, particularly in films and television series, tended to focus on male Sabra (Israeli-born) soldiers and their combat experiences, portraying them from either a ‘heroic-nationalist’ or a ‘post-heroic’ perspective. However, several recent Israeli films and television series bring to the fore men and women from different social backgrounds who serve as non-comb…
Military Autonomy and Balancing in Political Crises
This article argues that autonomous militaries can play a balancing role during major internal political crises. However, when militaries’ autonomy is curtailed by political leaders before the crisis, militaries cannot maintain the political balance between rulers and opponents, thereby increasing the risk of armed conflict. The article first explains the main concepts relevant to the discussion (autonomy, political crisis, balancing role), explo…
The shift to defence in Israel’s hybrid military strategy
This paper traces the significant change that has occurred in the balance between offense and defence in Israel’s ‘hybrid’ military strategy in recent decades. Relying on fresh materials concerning the organizational, doctrinal, and procurement processes of Israel’s military, we identify a shift from offense towards defence as the preferred way to protect Israel in the face of new security threats. We also show that due to rapidly changing securi…
Place Naming as a Foreign Policy Tool
This article maintains that states can utilize place naming in their capitals to advance two foreign policy goals: first, promoting closer relations with other international actors, including states and international organizations, thereby complementing more traditional diplomatic means; second, supporting national branding efforts as the state strives to enhance the image it seeks to project to other international actors and its global reputatio…
Normalizing “Gaza” in Jerusalem
This article extends the “material turn” in ontological security (OS) studies to include the OS politics of toponyms (place names). It does so by critically unveiling a crucial overlooked aspect of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict: The process whereby “Gaza Street” in Jerusalem, a “benign toponym” with a functional meaning, became an “abject toponym”—an ambiguous object that elicits anxiety and ontological insecurity since it blurs the boundaries…
Toponyms and political control in divided cities
This paper examines how dominant communities (ethnic or national groups) in divided cities use toponyms (place names) as part of their efforts to establish and maintain various types of political control over urban spaces. To this end, it analyzes an original dataset that includes all the names that the State of Israel, which has been dominated by the Jewish community since its establishment, gave to neighborhoods in West Jerusalem during the per…
Political science (24 obras) · Law (22 obras) · Politics (20 obras) · Jewish and Middle Eastern Studies (18 obras) · Law (18 obras) · Sociology (18 obras) · Political economy (14 obras) · Middle East Politics and Society (11 obras) · Economics (10 obras) · Middle East and Rwanda Conflicts (10 obras)