Geraldine Jacobsen
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 297710 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Geraldine Jacobsen |
| PRENOMES | Geraldine |
| SOBRENOME | Jacobsen |
| ASSINATURA | JACOBSEN G |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-9644-5877 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 35 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 170 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 35 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1995 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 8 |
An assemblage of resin-mounted macropod incisors from Quinkan Country, Cape York Peninsula, Queensland
This paper reports on the first identification of macropod incisor ornaments from a non-burial context in northeast Australia. While ethnographic museum collections demonstrate the vibrant traditional organic material culture of the Indigenous peoples of Australia, the vagaries of preservation mean such items are only rarely recovered archaeologically. The Late Holocene Windmill Way site in southeast Cape York Peninsula, Queensland, is one such r…
An automated processing line for the extraction of dissolved inorganic carbon from water for radiocarbon analysis
At ANSTO, we have developed an automated dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) processing line, known as A-DIC, designed to sequentially process 10 water samples for radiocarbon analysis without any operator intervention. The A-DIC works at ambient pressure using helium (He) gas as a carrier. It includes a water pump capable of drawing adjustable sample volumes between 22-180 mL into a 250 mL reaction vessel. Upon the addition of 5 mL of phosphoric ac…
An exceptional assemblage of archaeological plant fibres from Windmill Way, southeast Cape York Peninsula
Aboriginal earth mounds and Enso on the Calperum floodplain, Murray-Darling Basin, South Australia
This paper presents new data derived from pollen, starch and radiocarbon samples that were collected from six Aboriginal earth (oven) mounds and middens on the Calperum and Pike floodplains, Murray-Darling Basin (MDB), South Australia (SA). Analyses of these samples were undertaken in order to enhance our understanding about the Holocene lifeways of Aboriginal people living in this region. The results from these analyses, combined with published …
Australian Marine Radiocarbon Reservoir Effects
Studies of pre-bomb mollusks live-collected around the Australian coastline have concluded that near-shore marine radiocarbon reservoir effects are small and relatively uniform. These studies are based on limited samples of sometimes dubious quality representing only selective parts of Australia’s lengthy coastline. We systematically examine spatial variability in the marine radiocarbon reservoir effect (ΔR) through analysis of 292 live-collected…
Aboriginal earth mounds of the Calperum Floodplain (Murray Darling Basin, South Australia)
This paper presents the results of an archaeological investigation into anthropogenic earth (oven) mounds located on the Murray River floodplain at Calperum Station in the Renmark region of South Australia. Six mounds were excavated and their contents examined. Sediment analyses were also conducted to assess magnetic susceptibility, grain size and loss on ignition. Radiocarbon age estimates were obtained on shell and charcoal. Mound contents prim…
The Application of Pollen Radiocarbon Dating and Bayesian Age-Depth Modeling for Developing Robust Geochronological Frameworks of Wetland Archives
Wetland sediments are valuable archives of environmental change but can be challenging to date. Terrestrial macrofossils are often sparse, resulting in radiocarbon ( 14 C) dating of less desirable organic fractions. An alternative approach for capturing changes in atmospheric 14 C is the use of terrestrial microfossils. We 14 C date pollen microfossils from two Australian wetland sediment sequences and compare these to ages from other sediment fr…
Patterns of aeolian deposition in subtropical Australia through the last glacial and deglacial periods
Debate about the nature of climate and the magnitude of ecological change across Australia during the last glacial maximum (LGM; 26.5–19 ka) persists despite considerable research into the late Pleistocene. This is partly due to a lack of detailed paleoenvironmental records and reliable chronological frameworks. Geochemical and geochronological analyses of a 60 ka sedimentary record from Brown Lake, subtropical Queensland, are presented and consi…
Integrating charcoal morphology and stable carbon isotope analysis to identify non-grass elongate charcoal in tropical savannas
Radiocarbon Protocols and First Intercomparison Results From the Chronos 14 Carbon-Cycle Facility, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
The Chronos 14 Carbon-Cycle Facility is a new radiocarbon laboratory at the University of New South Wales, Australia. Built around an Ionplus 200 kV MIni-CArbon DAting System (MICADAS) Accelerator Mass Spectrometer (AMS) installed in October 2019, the facility was established to address major challenges in the Earth, Environmental and Archaeological sciences. Here we report an overview of the Chronos facility, the pretreatment methods currently e…
Initial results and observations on a radiocarbon dating program in the Riverland region of South Australia
This paper presents a preliminary occupation chronology for the Riverland region of South Australia, based on 31 radiocarbon age determinations. This region has represented a significant geographic gap in understanding occupation chronologies for the broader Murray-Darling Basin. The dating forms part of an ongoing research program exploring the long-term engagements of Aboriginal people with the habitat mosaics of the central River Murray corrid…
Settlement change on the western Konya Plain
The Radiocarbon Ages of Different Organic Components in the Mires of Eastern Australia
Radiocarbon ( 14 C) dating is widely used to determine the age of organic material in palaeoenvironmental research. Here we compare 14 C dates (n=17) resulting from macro-charcoal (>250 μm), short-lived plant macrofossils and pollen-rich residues isolated from two mire environments in eastern Australia. In most samples we found that short-lived plant macrofossils were the youngest organic component, the charcoal samples most often fell into the m…
Holocene sea-level change and coastal landscape evolution in the southern Gulf of Carpentaria, Australia
A revised Holocene sea-level history for the southern Gulf of Carpentaria is presented based on new data from the South Wellesley Archipelago and age recalibration of previous research. Results confirm that rising sea levels during the most recent post-glacial marine transgression breached the Arafura Sill ca. 11,700 cal. yr BP. Sea levels continued to rise to ca. –30 m by 10,000 cal. yr BP, leading to full marine conditions. By 7700 cal. yr BP, …
Archaeological Investigations Into the Origins of Bel Trading Groups Around the Madang Coast, Northeast New Guinea
This article presents archaeological data critical to our understanding of the pre-colonial past along the northeast coast of New Guinea. Two archaeological sites from coastal and offshore Madang, Papua New Guinea, were excavated to establish the timing of colonization by Bel (Austronesian) speakers, and the subsequent emergence of their trade and exchange networks along the coast leading up to ethnographic accounts. These sites include Nunguri o…
A Pre-Lapita Structure at Apalo, Arawe Islands, Papua New Guinea
Stilt structures in the inter-tidal zone or over shallow water on fringing reefs are widely accepted as a feature of settlements of the Lapita cultural complex in Near Oceania. Claims for similar structures in a pre-Lapita context at the Apalo site in the Arawe Islands, New Britain, Papua New Guinea, have been queried on several grounds. Re-evaluation of the Apalo evidence, together with 10 additional AMS radiocarbon dates, establishes human acti…
Pleistocene occupation of Yellabidde Cave in the northern Swan Coastal Plain, southwestern Australia
Evidence for human occupation of Western Australia’s northern Swan Coastal Plain derives mainly from Holocene coastal midden sites. Here, we present preliminary results from archaeological investigations at Yellabidde Cave, located 9 km inland from the present coast. Excavations in the limestone cave’s sandy floor deposit revealed cultural and palaeontological materials dating from c. 25,500 cal. BP to the 19th C. These provide the first evidence…
Timing, magnitude and effects of late Holocene sea level drawdown on island habitability, Aitutaki, Cook Islands
Geologist Bill Dickinson argued that prior to late Holocene sea level fall, in many Pacific island settings low‐lying islands were awash, shallow nearshore environments were restricted and human settlement was constrained or sometimes impossible. Stable coastlines and islets of modern configuration only developed after the “cross‐over date”, when declining high‐tide levels fell below mid‐Holocene low‐tide levels, a regionally variable process. We…
Mid-Holocene Aboriginal occupation of offshore islands in northern Australia? A reassessment of Wurdukanhan, Mornington Island, southern Gulf of Carpentaria, Australia
Environmental context for late Holocene human occupation of the South Wellesley Archipelago, Gulf of Carpentaria, northern Australia
Skeletal arsenic of the pre-Columbian population of Caleta Vitor, northern Chile
The archaeology of Bindjarran rockshelter in Manilikarr Country, Kakadu National Park, Northern Territory
Archaeological excavations at Bindjarran rockshelter in Kakadu National Park, Northern Territory, have revealed evidence of human settlement on the East Alligator River floodplain from the terminal Pleistocene through to the twentieth century. This excavation report summarises the archaeological, ethnographic and rock art research from the site, focusing on dated distributions of stone artefacts. The findings from Bindjarran conform to archaeolog…
Pre‐Lapita decorated wood from Apalo, West New Britain, Papua New Guinea
In 1989–1990, part of a wooden artefact with an incised criss‐cross design was recovered from the pre‐Lapita pottery level of the U‐L‐T area of the Apalo site in the Arawe Islands of New Britain, Papua New Guinea. The artefact was made from a Ficus tree species, and has been dated by AMS to 4043–3848 calBP (95.4%). This makes it the oldest directly dated ornamented object in the New Guinea region, though zoomorphic stone figurines and pestles and…
Major disturbance to aquatic ecosystems in the South Island, New Zealand, following human settlement in the Late Holocene
Lake sediment records from three lakes in the South Island of New Zealand were examined to determine the effects of human (Māori and European) impacts on the lake catchments during the Late Holocene. Major changes in lake biota occurred in the Early to Middle Holocene (11,000–6000 cal. yr BP), but there were no major changes between c. 6000 cal. yr BP and the time of human impact. Intensive Māori forest clearance occurred here between c. ad 1200 …
Peatlands in eastern Australia? Sedimentology and age structure of Temperate Highland Peat Swamps on Sandstone (THPSS) in the Southern Highlands and Blue Mountains of NSW, Australia
Temperate Highland Peat Swamps on Sandstone (THPSS) are a form of topogenous mire found on the plateau areas of eastern Australia. They are well recognised for their ecological value, but our understanding of their geomorphic structure, function and evolution remains limited. Across 19 sites, the valley fills of THPSS comprise sequences of mineral-rich sand and loam deposits. Basal sand and gravel sediments have low organic content and low carbon…
Dating Aboriginal stone-walled fishtraps at Lake Condah, southeast Australia
Skeletal arsenic of the pre-Columbian population of Caleta Vitor, northern Chile
Retention of hunter–gatherer economies among maritime foragers from Caleta Vitor, northern Chile, during the late Holocene
Murray‐Darling basin freshwater shells
We report carbon isotope measurements on pre‐bomb museum samples of freshwater mussel shells collected alive from riverine locations in New South Wales, Australia. The calculated reservoir ages, ranging from −60 to +112 years, are much smaller than those for Australian marine shells and not considered significant for the radiocarbon dating of Late Pleistocene freshwater shells from the Murray‐Darling Basin
Th millennium plant subsistence in the central Anatolian highlands
Radiocarbon Protocols and First Intercomparison Results From the Chronos 14 Carbon-Cycle Facility, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
The Chronos 14 Carbon-Cycle Facility is a new radiocarbon laboratory at the University of New South Wales, Australia. Built around an Ionplus 200 kV MIni-CArbon DAting System (MICADAS) Accelerator Mass Spectrometer (AMS) installed in October 2019, the facility was established to address major challenges in the Earth, Environmental and Archaeological sciences. Here we report an overview of the Chronos facility, the pretreatment methods currently e…
Initial results and observations on a radiocarbon dating program in the Riverland region of South Australia
This paper presents a preliminary occupation chronology for the Riverland region of South Australia, based on 31 radiocarbon age determinations. This region has represented a significant geographic gap in understanding occupation chronologies for the broader Murray-Darling Basin. The dating forms part of an ongoing research program exploring the long-term engagements of Aboriginal people with the habitat mosaics of the central River Murray corrid…
Holocene sea-level change and coastal landscape evolution in the southern Gulf of Carpentaria, Australia
A revised Holocene sea-level history for the southern Gulf of Carpentaria is presented based on new data from the South Wellesley Archipelago and age recalibration of previous research. Results confirm that rising sea levels during the most recent post-glacial marine transgression breached the Arafura Sill ca. 11,700 cal. yr BP. Sea levels continued to rise to ca. –30 m by 10,000 cal. yr BP, leading to full marine conditions. By 7700 cal. yr BP, …
Environmental and cultural change on the Mt Eccles lava-flow landscapes of southwest Victoria, Australia
The Gunditjmara people developed a socio-economic system based on the modification of wetland ecosystems associated with the Mt Eccles lava flow primarily for sustainable production and management of the highly nutritious shortfin eel ( Anguilla australis). This paper examines the environmental history of these landscapes since their inception about 30 000 years ago, through palaeoecological analysis of sediment cores from associated lakes and sw…
Aboriginal earth mounds of the Calperum Floodplain (Murray Darling Basin, South Australia)
This paper presents the results of an archaeological investigation into anthropogenic earth (oven) mounds located on the Murray River floodplain at Calperum Station in the Renmark region of South Australia. Six mounds were excavated and their contents examined. Sediment analyses were also conducted to assess magnetic susceptibility, grain size and loss on ignition. Radiocarbon age estimates were obtained on shell and charcoal. Mound contents prim…
The Radiocarbon Ages of Different Organic Components in the Mires of Eastern Australia
Radiocarbon ( 14 C) dating is widely used to determine the age of organic material in palaeoenvironmental research. Here we compare 14 C dates (n=17) resulting from macro-charcoal (>250 μm), short-lived plant macrofossils and pollen-rich residues isolated from two mire environments in eastern Australia. In most samples we found that short-lived plant macrofossils were the youngest organic component, the charcoal samples most often fell into the m…
Timing, magnitude and effects of late Holocene sea level drawdown on island habitability, Aitutaki, Cook Islands
Geologist Bill Dickinson argued that prior to late Holocene sea level fall, in many Pacific island settings low‐lying islands were awash, shallow nearshore environments were restricted and human settlement was constrained or sometimes impossible. Stable coastlines and islets of modern configuration only developed after the “cross‐over date”, when declining high‐tide levels fell below mid‐Holocene low‐tide levels, a regionally variable process. We…
A Holocene record of climate and hydrological changes from Little Llangothlin Lagoon, south eastern Australia
We present a new well dated Holocene record of environmental change from Little Llangothlin Lagoon in eastern Australia derived from aquatic plant macrofossils, macroscopic charcoal flux, and sediment stratigraphy from multiple cores. Little Llangothlin was an ephemeral freshwater wetland exhibiting frequent dry phases between 9800 and 9300 calendar years before present (cal. yr BP). There was a switch to a more positive water balance after 9300 …
Archaeological Investigations Into the Origins of Bel Trading Groups Around the Madang Coast, Northeast New Guinea
This article presents archaeological data critical to our understanding of the pre-colonial past along the northeast coast of New Guinea. Two archaeological sites from coastal and offshore Madang, Papua New Guinea, were excavated to establish the timing of colonization by Bel (Austronesian) speakers, and the subsequent emergence of their trade and exchange networks along the coast leading up to ethnographic accounts. These sites include Nunguri o…
The archaeology of Bindjarran rockshelter in Manilikarr Country, Kakadu National Park, Northern Territory
Archaeological excavations at Bindjarran rockshelter in Kakadu National Park, Northern Territory, have revealed evidence of human settlement on the East Alligator River floodplain from the terminal Pleistocene through to the twentieth century. This excavation report summarises the archaeological, ethnographic and rock art research from the site, focusing on dated distributions of stone artefacts. The findings from Bindjarran conform to archaeolog…
Peatlands in eastern Australia? Sedimentology and age structure of Temperate Highland Peat Swamps on Sandstone (THPSS) in the Southern Highlands and Blue Mountains of NSW, Australia
Temperate Highland Peat Swamps on Sandstone (THPSS) are a form of topogenous mire found on the plateau areas of eastern Australia. They are well recognised for their ecological value, but our understanding of their geomorphic structure, function and evolution remains limited. Across 19 sites, the valley fills of THPSS comprise sequences of mineral-rich sand and loam deposits. Basal sand and gravel sediments have low organic content and low carbon…
Australian Marine Radiocarbon Reservoir Effects
Studies of pre-bomb mollusks live-collected around the Australian coastline have concluded that near-shore marine radiocarbon reservoir effects are small and relatively uniform. These studies are based on limited samples of sometimes dubious quality representing only selective parts of Australia’s lengthy coastline. We systematically examine spatial variability in the marine radiocarbon reservoir effect (ΔR) through analysis of 292 live-collected…
The Application of Pollen Radiocarbon Dating and Bayesian Age-Depth Modeling for Developing Robust Geochronological Frameworks of Wetland Archives
Wetland sediments are valuable archives of environmental change but can be challenging to date. Terrestrial macrofossils are often sparse, resulting in radiocarbon ( 14 C) dating of less desirable organic fractions. An alternative approach for capturing changes in atmospheric 14 C is the use of terrestrial microfossils. We 14 C date pollen microfossils from two Australian wetland sediment sequences and compare these to ages from other sediment fr…
Further radiocarbon dates from Dabangay, a mid- to late Holocene settlement site in western Torres Strait
Dabangay , on the island of Mabuyag, is one of only two known mid-Holocene sites in Torres Strait. Eleven new radiocarbon dates, combined with nine previous determinations, clarify its site formation processes and settlement history. The sequence shows two sustained settlement periods between 7239–3211 cal. BP and 1815 cal. BP–present, with little evidence for use during the intervening period. This differs from Badu 15, approximately 15 km south…
A Pre-Lapita Structure at Apalo, Arawe Islands, Papua New Guinea
Stilt structures in the inter-tidal zone or over shallow water on fringing reefs are widely accepted as a feature of settlements of the Lapita cultural complex in Near Oceania. Claims for similar structures in a pre-Lapita context at the Apalo site in the Arawe Islands, New Britain, Papua New Guinea, have been queried on several grounds. Re-evaluation of the Apalo evidence, together with 10 additional AMS radiocarbon dates, establishes human acti…
Integrating charcoal morphology and stable carbon isotope analysis to identify non-grass elongate charcoal in tropical savannas
Pleistocene occupation of Yellabidde Cave in the northern Swan Coastal Plain, southwestern Australia
Evidence for human occupation of Western Australia’s northern Swan Coastal Plain derives mainly from Holocene coastal midden sites. Here, we present preliminary results from archaeological investigations at Yellabidde Cave, located 9 km inland from the present coast. Excavations in the limestone cave’s sandy floor deposit revealed cultural and palaeontological materials dating from c. 25,500 cal. BP to the 19th C. These provide the first evidence…
Pre‐Lapita decorated wood from Apalo, West New Britain, Papua New Guinea
In 1989–1990, part of a wooden artefact with an incised criss‐cross design was recovered from the pre‐Lapita pottery level of the U‐L‐T area of the Apalo site in the Arawe Islands of New Britain, Papua New Guinea. The artefact was made from a Ficus tree species, and has been dated by AMS to 4043–3848 calBP (95.4%). This makes it the oldest directly dated ornamented object in the New Guinea region, though zoomorphic stone figurines and pestles and…
Major disturbance to aquatic ecosystems in the South Island, New Zealand, following human settlement in the Late Holocene
Lake sediment records from three lakes in the South Island of New Zealand were examined to determine the effects of human (Māori and European) impacts on the lake catchments during the Late Holocene. Major changes in lake biota occurred in the Early to Middle Holocene (11,000–6000 cal. yr BP), but there were no major changes between c. 6000 cal. yr BP and the time of human impact. Intensive Māori forest clearance occurred here between c. ad 1200 …
Conference Participants
From the 16th International Radiocarbon Conference held in Gronigen, Netherlands, June 16-20, 1997
The Antares AMS Centre
The ANTARES accelerator mass spectrometry facility at Lucas Heights Research Laboratory is operational and AMS measurements of 14 C, 26 Al and 36 Cl are being carried out routinely. Measurement of 129 I recently commenced and capabilities for other long-lived radioisotopes such as 10 Be are being established. The overall aim of the facility is to develop advanced programs in Quaternary science, global climate change, biomedicine and nuclear safeg…
Conference Participants
From the 16th International Radiocarbon Conference held in Gronigen, Netherlands, June 16-20, 1997
Optical and radiocarbon dating at Jinmium rock shelter in northern Australia
Environmental and cultural change on the Mt Eccles lava-flow landscapes of southwest Victoria, Australia
The Gunditjmara people developed a socio-economic system based on the modification of wetland ecosystems associated with the Mt Eccles lava flow primarily for sustainable production and management of the highly nutritious shortfin eel ( Anguilla australis). This paper examines the environmental history of these landscapes since their inception about 30 000 years ago, through palaeoecological analysis of sediment cores from associated lakes and sw…
Murray‐Darling basin freshwater shells
We report carbon isotope measurements on pre‐bomb museum samples of freshwater mussel shells collected alive from riverine locations in New South Wales, Australia. The calculated reservoir ages, ranging from −60 to +112 years, are much smaller than those for Australian marine shells and not considered significant for the radiocarbon dating of Late Pleistocene freshwater shells from the Murray‐Darling Basin
Dating Aboriginal stone-walled fishtraps at Lake Condah, southeast Australia
Further radiocarbon dates from Dabangay, a mid- to late Holocene settlement site in western Torres Strait
Dabangay , on the island of Mabuyag, is one of only two known mid-Holocene sites in Torres Strait. Eleven new radiocarbon dates, combined with nine previous determinations, clarify its site formation processes and settlement history. The sequence shows two sustained settlement periods between 7239–3211 cal. BP and 1815 cal. BP–present, with little evidence for use during the intervening period. This differs from Badu 15, approximately 15 km south…
Retention of hunter–gatherer economies among maritime foragers from Caleta Vitor, northern Chile, during the late Holocene
Th millennium plant subsistence in the central Anatolian highlands
Major disturbance to aquatic ecosystems in the South Island, New Zealand, following human settlement in the Late Holocene
Lake sediment records from three lakes in the South Island of New Zealand were examined to determine the effects of human (Māori and European) impacts on the lake catchments during the Late Holocene. Major changes in lake biota occurred in the Early to Middle Holocene (11,000–6000 cal. yr BP), but there were no major changes between c. 6000 cal. yr BP and the time of human impact. Intensive Māori forest clearance occurred here between c. ad 1200 …
Peatlands in eastern Australia? Sedimentology and age structure of Temperate Highland Peat Swamps on Sandstone (THPSS) in the Southern Highlands and Blue Mountains of NSW, Australia
Temperate Highland Peat Swamps on Sandstone (THPSS) are a form of topogenous mire found on the plateau areas of eastern Australia. They are well recognised for their ecological value, but our understanding of their geomorphic structure, function and evolution remains limited. Across 19 sites, the valley fills of THPSS comprise sequences of mineral-rich sand and loam deposits. Basal sand and gravel sediments have low organic content and low carbon…
A Holocene record of climate and hydrological changes from Little Llangothlin Lagoon, south eastern Australia
We present a new well dated Holocene record of environmental change from Little Llangothlin Lagoon in eastern Australia derived from aquatic plant macrofossils, macroscopic charcoal flux, and sediment stratigraphy from multiple cores. Little Llangothlin was an ephemeral freshwater wetland exhibiting frequent dry phases between 9800 and 9300 calendar years before present (cal. yr BP). There was a switch to a more positive water balance after 9300 …
Mid-Holocene Aboriginal occupation of offshore islands in northern Australia? A reassessment of Wurdukanhan, Mornington Island, southern Gulf of Carpentaria, Australia
Environmental context for late Holocene human occupation of the South Wellesley Archipelago, Gulf of Carpentaria, northern Australia
Skeletal arsenic of the pre-Columbian population of Caleta Vitor, northern Chile
The archaeology of Bindjarran rockshelter in Manilikarr Country, Kakadu National Park, Northern Territory
Archaeological excavations at Bindjarran rockshelter in Kakadu National Park, Northern Territory, have revealed evidence of human settlement on the East Alligator River floodplain from the terminal Pleistocene through to the twentieth century. This excavation report summarises the archaeological, ethnographic and rock art research from the site, focusing on dated distributions of stone artefacts. The findings from Bindjarran conform to archaeolog…
Pre‐Lapita decorated wood from Apalo, West New Britain, Papua New Guinea
In 1989–1990, part of a wooden artefact with an incised criss‐cross design was recovered from the pre‐Lapita pottery level of the U‐L‐T area of the Apalo site in the Arawe Islands of New Britain, Papua New Guinea. The artefact was made from a Ficus tree species, and has been dated by AMS to 4043–3848 calBP (95.4%). This makes it the oldest directly dated ornamented object in the New Guinea region, though zoomorphic stone figurines and pestles and…
A Pre-Lapita Structure at Apalo, Arawe Islands, Papua New Guinea
Stilt structures in the inter-tidal zone or over shallow water on fringing reefs are widely accepted as a feature of settlements of the Lapita cultural complex in Near Oceania. Claims for similar structures in a pre-Lapita context at the Apalo site in the Arawe Islands, New Britain, Papua New Guinea, have been queried on several grounds. Re-evaluation of the Apalo evidence, together with 10 additional AMS radiocarbon dates, establishes human acti…
Pleistocene occupation of Yellabidde Cave in the northern Swan Coastal Plain, southwestern Australia
Evidence for human occupation of Western Australia’s northern Swan Coastal Plain derives mainly from Holocene coastal midden sites. Here, we present preliminary results from archaeological investigations at Yellabidde Cave, located 9 km inland from the present coast. Excavations in the limestone cave’s sandy floor deposit revealed cultural and palaeontological materials dating from c. 25,500 cal. BP to the 19th C. These provide the first evidence…
Timing, magnitude and effects of late Holocene sea level drawdown on island habitability, Aitutaki, Cook Islands
Geologist Bill Dickinson argued that prior to late Holocene sea level fall, in many Pacific island settings low‐lying islands were awash, shallow nearshore environments were restricted and human settlement was constrained or sometimes impossible. Stable coastlines and islets of modern configuration only developed after the “cross‐over date”, when declining high‐tide levels fell below mid‐Holocene low‐tide levels, a regionally variable process. We…
Archaeological Investigations Into the Origins of Bel Trading Groups Around the Madang Coast, Northeast New Guinea
This article presents archaeological data critical to our understanding of the pre-colonial past along the northeast coast of New Guinea. Two archaeological sites from coastal and offshore Madang, Papua New Guinea, were excavated to establish the timing of colonization by Bel (Austronesian) speakers, and the subsequent emergence of their trade and exchange networks along the coast leading up to ethnographic accounts. These sites include Nunguri o…
Holocene sea-level change and coastal landscape evolution in the southern Gulf of Carpentaria, Australia
A revised Holocene sea-level history for the southern Gulf of Carpentaria is presented based on new data from the South Wellesley Archipelago and age recalibration of previous research. Results confirm that rising sea levels during the most recent post-glacial marine transgression breached the Arafura Sill ca. 11,700 cal. yr BP. Sea levels continued to rise to ca. –30 m by 10,000 cal. yr BP, leading to full marine conditions. By 7700 cal. yr BP, …
The Radiocarbon Ages of Different Organic Components in the Mires of Eastern Australia
Radiocarbon ( 14 C) dating is widely used to determine the age of organic material in palaeoenvironmental research. Here we compare 14 C dates (n=17) resulting from macro-charcoal (>250 μm), short-lived plant macrofossils and pollen-rich residues isolated from two mire environments in eastern Australia. In most samples we found that short-lived plant macrofossils were the youngest organic component, the charcoal samples most often fell into the m…
Initial results and observations on a radiocarbon dating program in the Riverland region of South Australia
This paper presents a preliminary occupation chronology for the Riverland region of South Australia, based on 31 radiocarbon age determinations. This region has represented a significant geographic gap in understanding occupation chronologies for the broader Murray-Darling Basin. The dating forms part of an ongoing research program exploring the long-term engagements of Aboriginal people with the habitat mosaics of the central River Murray corrid…
Settlement change on the western Konya Plain
Geography (29 obras) · Archaeology (25 obras) · Geology and Paleoclimatology Research (23 obras) · Geology (21 obras) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (18 obras) · Radiocarbon dating (17 obras) · Holocene (16 obras) · Pacific and Southeast Asian Studies (15 obras) · Paleontology (14 obras) · Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology (14 obras)