Elmer L Struening
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 300990 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Elmer L Struening |
| PRENOMES | Elmer L |
| SOBRENOME | Struening |
| ASSINATURA | STRUENING E L |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Columbia University |
| VERIFICADO | Não |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 32 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 853 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 32 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1962 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2005 |
| ÍNDICE H | 9 |
Developing a scale for measuring professional equity among Canadian physicians
Stigma as a Barrier to Recovery
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine whether stigma affects the self-esteem of persons who have serious mental illnesses or whether stigma has few, if any, effects on self-esteem. METHODS: Self-esteem and two aspects of stigma, namely, perceptions of devaluation-discrimination and social withdrawal because of perceived rejection, were assessed among 70 members of a clubhouse program for people with mental illness at baseline an…
Stigma as a Barrier to Recovery
OBJECTIVE: The extent to which 461 caregivers of persons with serious mental disorders believed that most people devalue consumers and their families was assessed, and the magnitude of the relationships between these beliefs and the diagnostic status of consumers was estimated. METHODS: Caregivers of 180 consumers with schizophrenia, major depression, or bipolar disorder and caregivers of 281 consumers with bipolar disorder or schizoaffective dis…
Stigma as a Barrier to Recovery
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of concerns about stigma on social adaptation among persons with a diagnosis of bipolar affective disorder. METHODS: The sample comprised 264 persons who were consecutively admitted to a psychiatric inpatient or outpatient service at a university-affiliated hospital and who met research diagnostic criteria for bipolar I disorder, bipolar II disorder, or schizoaffective disorder, mani…
Mortality among homeless shelter residents in New York City
OBJECTIVES: This study examined the rates and predictors of mortality among sheltered homeless men and women in New York City. METHODS: Identifying data on a representative sample of shelter residents surveyed in 1987 were matched against national mortality records for 1987 through 1994. Standardized mortality ratios were computed to compare death rates among homeless people with those of the general US and New York City populations. Logistic reg…
Adverse childhood experiences
OBJECTIVES: We tested the hypothesis that adverse childhood experiences are risk factors for adult homelessness. METHODS: We interviewed a nationally representative sample of 92 US household members who had previously been homeless and a comparison group of 395 individuals with no prior homelessness. We assessed childhood adversity with a structured protocol that included a previously validated scale indicating lack of care from parents and singl…
Perceived burden among caregivers of adults with serious mental illness
Differences in perceived burden were investigated among black, Hispanic, and white groups of caregivers of adults with serious mental illness. Controlling for sociodemographic characteristics and caregiving-related stressors, black caregivers tended to report less burden than whites, a result not explained by protective mechanisms (social support, religious involvement, illness attributions). No statistically significant differences were found in…
On Stigma and Its Consequences
Numerous studies have demonstrated a strong connection between the experience of stigma and the well-being of the stigmatized. But in the area of mental illness there has been controversy surrounding the magnitude and duration of the effects of labeling and stigma. One of the arguments that has been used to downplay the importance of these factors is the substantial body of evidence suggesting that labeling leads to positive effects through menta…
Characteristics and Treatment of Homeless, Mentally Ill, Chemical-Abusing Men
Comparing two types of treatment modalities in treating homeless, mentally ill, chemical-abusing (HMICAs) men and studying their characteristics, 723 HMICAs were interviewed on their childhood and family background and their psychiatric and substance abuse disorders, and then randomly assigned into either therapeutic community (TC) or community residence (CR) programs. The TC and CRs were found to differ from one another in their intake and admis…
Public knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about homeless people
Media reports suggest that the public is becoming impatient with the homeless—that so‐called “compassion fatigue” has gripped the nation. This characterization of public sentiment could have important policy consequences—restrictive measures can be justified by growing public impatience, and progressive housing policies seem infeasible within a hostile climate of opinion. But evidence to support the compassion fatigue notion is anecdotal. We exam…
Predictors of emergency room use by homeless adults in New York City
Employing data from a 1987 shelter survey of 1260 homeless adults in New York City, multivariate models of emergency room (ER) use are developed which include an array of risk factors for visiting a hospital ER including health and mental health problems, victimization and injuries. The study's primary goal is to identify factors that predict ER use in this population. Multivariate logistic and linear regression models were tested separately for …
Lifetime and five-year prevalence of homelessness in the United States
OBJECTIVE. Intense debate exists concerning the number of homeless people in the United States. Previous studies, counting currently homeless people, have provided point-prevalence estimates of homelessness but have been criticized on methodological grounds. This study reports lifetime and 5-year prevalence estimates of homelessness using a different methodological approach. METHODS. Random-digit dialing was used to interview 1507 adults living i…
Childhood out-of-home care and current depressive symptoms among homeless adults
Previous research indicates that adverse childhood experiences are associated with depression during adulthood under conditions of social stress. This relationship was examined in a large sample of homeless adults (n = 1849). Subjects with evidence of severe mental disorders such as schizophrenia were excluded. Those with out-of-home care (e.g., foster, group, or institutional care) during childhood were significantly more likely than those witho…
Using census and mortality data to target small areas for breast, colorectal, and cervical cancer screening
OBJECTIVES: The goal of this study was to develop and validate quantitative models for estimating cancer incidence in small areas. METHODS. The outcome for each cancer site was the incidence of disease that had reached a late stage at the time of diagnosis. Two sets of predictors were used: (1) census-based demographic variables and (2) census-based demographic variables together with the cancer-specific mortality rate. RESULTS. The best models a…
Victimization and traumatic injuries among the homeless
Data from a 1987 survey of 1,260 homeless adults in New York City show that mental problems and substance dependence were significantly linked to beating and sexual assault among women and to several types of injury and victimization among men. The extremely high rates of victimization and injury underscore a need for greater attention to the safety and welfare of homeless people
Victimization among homeless women
This article focuses on the experience of victimization among a representative sample of 141 homeless women interviewed in a single-adult shelter in New York City. The frequency of victimization experiences, specifically aggressive sexual and physical assault, was high. Twenty-one women reported being raped, 42 women reported both rape and physical abuse, and 62 women reported physical abuse without sexual abuse. Shelter women reporting frequent …
Physical Health Status, Substance Use and Abuse, and Mental Disorders Among Homeless Adults
To understand the influence of substance use, substance abuse, and mental disorder on the health status and physical condition of homeless adults, representative samples of 949 men and 311 women residing in the New York City shelter system for homeless adults during the summer of 1987 were interviewed with a structured protocol. A typology of ten groups was identified, based on their profiles on 7 measures of substance use, substance abuse, and m…
Mental illness in the homeless
A Modified Labeling Theory Approach to Mental Disorders
Critics of labeling theory vigorously dispute Scheff's (1966) provocative etiological hypothesis and downplay the importance of factors such as stigma and stereotyping. We propose a modified labeling perspective which claims that even if labeling does not directly produce mental disorder, it can lead to negative outcomes. Our approach asserts that socialization leads individuals to develop a set of beliefs about how treat mental patients. When in…
Opinions on mental illness in Israel
Toward a holistic model for predicting community reentry performance
The design of live assessment contexts that more closely approximate the demands of life in the community than do measures upon which dispositional decisions are currently based is proposed. The usefulness of two such contexts in predicting the community reentry performance of 205 briefly hospitalized psychiatric patients is examined and discussed
Community stressors, mediating conditions and wellbeing in urban neighborhoods
Individual and community measures of stress are related to the presence of depression/demoralization symptoms (Feeling Bad), to positive Wellbeing (Feeling Good) and to the combination of these two (Wellbeing), in an urban sample of 549 adults. The mediation and moderation of these effects by indicators of social support, evaluation of status, and belief variables intended to measure aspects of individual coping tendencies are examined and tested…
Opinions about Mental Illness
The attitudes of professionals and laymen in the USA and in Greece towards mental patients were compared by using the Opinions Towards Mental Illness questionnaire. Two factors labeled Authoritarian-Restrictiveness and Familial Interaction were identified and judged to reflect traditional cultural values. Nationality was more powerful than professional training in determining attitudes towards mental illness. The influence of professional trainin…
Handbook of Evaluation Research, vols. 1 and 2
Live Events, Stress, and Illness
A Modified Labeling Theory Approach to Mental Disorders
Critics of labeling theory vigorously dispute Scheff's (1966) provocative etiological hypothesis and downplay the importance of factors such as stigma and stereotyping. We propose a modified labeling perspective which claims that even if labeling does not directly produce mental disorder, it can lead to negative outcomes. Our approach asserts that socialization leads individuals to develop a set of beliefs about how treat mental patients. When in…
On Stigma and Its Consequences
Numerous studies have demonstrated a strong connection between the experience of stigma and the well-being of the stigmatized. But in the area of mental illness there has been controversy surrounding the magnitude and duration of the effects of labeling and stigma. One of the arguments that has been used to downplay the importance of these factors is the substantial body of evidence suggesting that labeling leads to positive effects through menta…
Lifetime and five-year prevalence of homelessness in the United States
OBJECTIVE. Intense debate exists concerning the number of homeless people in the United States. Previous studies, counting currently homeless people, have provided point-prevalence estimates of homelessness but have been criticized on methodological grounds. This study reports lifetime and 5-year prevalence estimates of homelessness using a different methodological approach. METHODS. Random-digit dialing was used to interview 1507 adults living i…
Opinions about mental illness in the personnel of two large mental hospitals
Adverse childhood experiences
OBJECTIVES: We tested the hypothesis that adverse childhood experiences are risk factors for adult homelessness. METHODS: We interviewed a nationally representative sample of 92 US household members who had previously been homeless and a comparison group of 395 individuals with no prior homelessness. We assessed childhood adversity with a structured protocol that included a previously validated scale indicating lack of care from parents and singl…
Mortality among homeless shelter residents in New York City
OBJECTIVES: This study examined the rates and predictors of mortality among sheltered homeless men and women in New York City. METHODS: Identifying data on a representative sample of shelter residents surveyed in 1987 were matched against national mortality records for 1987 through 1994. Standardized mortality ratios were computed to compare death rates among homeless people with those of the general US and New York City populations. Logistic reg…
Public knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about homeless people
Media reports suggest that the public is becoming impatient with the homeless—that so‐called “compassion fatigue” has gripped the nation. This characterization of public sentiment could have important policy consequences—restrictive measures can be justified by growing public impatience, and progressive housing policies seem infeasible within a hostile climate of opinion. But evidence to support the compassion fatigue notion is anecdotal. We exam…
A Factor Analytic Exploration of the Alienation, Anomia and Authoritarianism Domain
Predictors of emergency room use by homeless adults in New York City
Employing data from a 1987 shelter survey of 1260 homeless adults in New York City, multivariate models of emergency room (ER) use are developed which include an array of risk factors for visiting a hospital ER including health and mental health problems, victimization and injuries. The study's primary goal is to identify factors that predict ER use in this population. Multivariate logistic and linear regression models were tested separately for …
Physical Health Status, Substance Use and Abuse, and Mental Disorders Among Homeless Adults
To understand the influence of substance use, substance abuse, and mental disorder on the health status and physical condition of homeless adults, representative samples of 949 men and 311 women residing in the New York City shelter system for homeless adults during the summer of 1987 were interviewed with a structured protocol. A typology of ten groups was identified, based on their profiles on 7 measures of substance use, substance abuse, and m…
Using census and mortality data to target small areas for breast, colorectal, and cervical cancer screening
OBJECTIVES: The goal of this study was to develop and validate quantitative models for estimating cancer incidence in small areas. METHODS. The outcome for each cancer site was the incidence of disease that had reached a late stage at the time of diagnosis. Two sets of predictors were used: (1) census-based demographic variables and (2) census-based demographic variables together with the cancer-specific mortality rate. RESULTS. The best models a…
Childhood out-of-home care and current depressive symptoms among homeless adults
Previous research indicates that adverse childhood experiences are associated with depression during adulthood under conditions of social stress. This relationship was examined in a large sample of homeless adults (n = 1849). Subjects with evidence of severe mental disorders such as schizophrenia were excluded. Those with out-of-home care (e.g., foster, group, or institutional care) during childhood were significantly more likely than those witho…
Opinions on mental illness in Israel
Mental illness in the homeless
Migration and Ethnic Membership in Relation to Social Problems
Developing a scale for measuring professional equity among Canadian physicians
Opinions about mental illness in the personnel of two large mental hospitals
Factorial Invariance and Other Psychometric Characteristics of Five Opinions About Mental Illness Factors
Opinions about Mental Illness
Opinions about Mental Illness
When between-hospital ( n = 12) and within-occupation group ( n = 8) differences in attitude-opinion toward the mentally ill are studied for 4784 mental hospital employees, Authoritarianism and Benevolence do not vary among mental health professionals but do for others; the reverse obtains for Interpersonal Etiology; and Social Restrictiveness differentiates in virtually all groups and most sharply in psychiatrists
A Factor Analytic Exploration of the Alienation, Anomia and Authoritarianism Domain
Changes in Intellectual Performance of Acute and Chronic Schizophrenics
Army induction scores on the Armed Forces Qualification Test were available on 50 acute schizophrenics, 30 chronic schizophrenics, and 50 enlisted men. The Army General Classification Test was administered to the acute schizophrenics within 1 wk. after being hospitalized for schizophrenia, to the chronic schizophrenics up to 20 yr. after their first hospitalization for schizophrenia and to the enlisted men some time after induction. Difference sc…
Migration and Ethnic Membership in Relation to Social Problems
Live Events, Stress, and Illness
Handbook of Evaluation Research, vols. 1 and 2
Opinions about Mental Illness
The attitudes of professionals and laymen in the USA and in Greece towards mental patients were compared by using the Opinions Towards Mental Illness questionnaire. Two factors labeled Authoritarian-Restrictiveness and Familial Interaction were identified and judged to reflect traditional cultural values. Nationality was more powerful than professional training in determining attitudes towards mental illness. The influence of professional trainin…
Community stressors, mediating conditions and wellbeing in urban neighborhoods
Individual and community measures of stress are related to the presence of depression/demoralization symptoms (Feeling Bad), to positive Wellbeing (Feeling Good) and to the combination of these two (Wellbeing), in an urban sample of 549 adults. The mediation and moderation of these effects by indicators of social support, evaluation of status, and belief variables intended to measure aspects of individual coping tendencies are examined and tested…
Toward a holistic model for predicting community reentry performance
The design of live assessment contexts that more closely approximate the demands of life in the community than do measures upon which dispositional decisions are currently based is proposed. The usefulness of two such contexts in predicting the community reentry performance of 205 briefly hospitalized psychiatric patients is examined and discussed
Opinions on mental illness in Israel
A Modified Labeling Theory Approach to Mental Disorders
Critics of labeling theory vigorously dispute Scheff's (1966) provocative etiological hypothesis and downplay the importance of factors such as stigma and stereotyping. We propose a modified labeling perspective which claims that even if labeling does not directly produce mental disorder, it can lead to negative outcomes. Our approach asserts that socialization leads individuals to develop a set of beliefs about how treat mental patients. When in…
Victimization among homeless women
This article focuses on the experience of victimization among a representative sample of 141 homeless women interviewed in a single-adult shelter in New York City. The frequency of victimization experiences, specifically aggressive sexual and physical assault, was high. Twenty-one women reported being raped, 42 women reported both rape and physical abuse, and 62 women reported physical abuse without sexual abuse. Shelter women reporting frequent …
Physical Health Status, Substance Use and Abuse, and Mental Disorders Among Homeless Adults
To understand the influence of substance use, substance abuse, and mental disorder on the health status and physical condition of homeless adults, representative samples of 949 men and 311 women residing in the New York City shelter system for homeless adults during the summer of 1987 were interviewed with a structured protocol. A typology of ten groups was identified, based on their profiles on 7 measures of substance use, substance abuse, and m…
Mental illness in the homeless
Victimization and traumatic injuries among the homeless
Data from a 1987 survey of 1,260 homeless adults in New York City show that mental problems and substance dependence were significantly linked to beating and sexual assault among women and to several types of injury and victimization among men. The extremely high rates of victimization and injury underscore a need for greater attention to the safety and welfare of homeless people
Lifetime and five-year prevalence of homelessness in the United States
OBJECTIVE. Intense debate exists concerning the number of homeless people in the United States. Previous studies, counting currently homeless people, have provided point-prevalence estimates of homelessness but have been criticized on methodological grounds. This study reports lifetime and 5-year prevalence estimates of homelessness using a different methodological approach. METHODS. Random-digit dialing was used to interview 1507 adults living i…
Childhood out-of-home care and current depressive symptoms among homeless adults
Previous research indicates that adverse childhood experiences are associated with depression during adulthood under conditions of social stress. This relationship was examined in a large sample of homeless adults (n = 1849). Subjects with evidence of severe mental disorders such as schizophrenia were excluded. Those with out-of-home care (e.g., foster, group, or institutional care) during childhood were significantly more likely than those witho…
Using census and mortality data to target small areas for breast, colorectal, and cervical cancer screening
OBJECTIVES: The goal of this study was to develop and validate quantitative models for estimating cancer incidence in small areas. METHODS. The outcome for each cancer site was the incidence of disease that had reached a late stage at the time of diagnosis. Two sets of predictors were used: (1) census-based demographic variables and (2) census-based demographic variables together with the cancer-specific mortality rate. RESULTS. The best models a…
Characteristics and Treatment of Homeless, Mentally Ill, Chemical-Abusing Men
Comparing two types of treatment modalities in treating homeless, mentally ill, chemical-abusing (HMICAs) men and studying their characteristics, 723 HMICAs were interviewed on their childhood and family background and their psychiatric and substance abuse disorders, and then randomly assigned into either therapeutic community (TC) or community residence (CR) programs. The TC and CRs were found to differ from one another in their intake and admis…
Public knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about homeless people
Media reports suggest that the public is becoming impatient with the homeless—that so‐called “compassion fatigue” has gripped the nation. This characterization of public sentiment could have important policy consequences—restrictive measures can be justified by growing public impatience, and progressive housing policies seem infeasible within a hostile climate of opinion. But evidence to support the compassion fatigue notion is anecdotal. We exam…
Predictors of emergency room use by homeless adults in New York City
Employing data from a 1987 shelter survey of 1260 homeless adults in New York City, multivariate models of emergency room (ER) use are developed which include an array of risk factors for visiting a hospital ER including health and mental health problems, victimization and injuries. The study's primary goal is to identify factors that predict ER use in this population. Multivariate logistic and linear regression models were tested separately for …
Adverse childhood experiences
OBJECTIVES: We tested the hypothesis that adverse childhood experiences are risk factors for adult homelessness. METHODS: We interviewed a nationally representative sample of 92 US household members who had previously been homeless and a comparison group of 395 individuals with no prior homelessness. We assessed childhood adversity with a structured protocol that included a previously validated scale indicating lack of care from parents and singl…
Psychology (24 obras) · Psychiatry (20 obras) · Clinical Psychology (19 obras) · Medicine (19 obras) · Mental health (16 obras) · Mental illness (11 obras) · Homelessness and Social Issues (10 obras) · Clinical Psychology (8 obras) · Environmental health (7 obras) · Mental Health Treatment and Access (7 obras)