M James Blackman
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 319540 |
|---|---|
| NOME | M James Blackman |
| PRENOMES | M James |
| SOBRENOME | Blackman |
| ASSINATURA | BLACKMAN M J |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Smithsonian Institution |
| VERIFICADO | Não |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 28 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 247 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 28 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1989 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2018 |
| ÍNDICE H | 9 |
Sourcing Chihuahuan Polychrome Ceramics
Traditionally, the wide distribution of distinctive Chihuahuan polychrome ceramics has been interpreted as evidence for the extensive interaction sphere of Casas Grandes, or Paquime. The role of the major center of Paquime in the political and economic system is a crucial question in defining the nature and intensity of interactions in the Casas Grandes region and the extent of intraregional social and political integration. A large-scale, region…
Mobile or stationary? Chemical analysis of clay administrative devices from Tell Brak in the Late Uruk period
Texas Mission Ceramics
A través del río del cambio
Se ha dedicado considerable actividad arqueo1ógica a los sucesos que condujeron al despoblamientode los centros dvicos y religiosos del area maya central. Las causas hipotéticas del llamado "colapso" frecuentemente recurren a Ia idea de invasores de la costa del Golfo de México que arrasaron los pueblos asentados sobre el cauce superior del Usumacinta. Los estudios de la composición de las pastas cerámicas por activación neutrónica han concentrad…
Locally-made or Imported? Identifying Ceramic Composition Variation in the San Francisco Presidio Jurisdiction
Late Classic (A.D. 600–900) Maya Market Exchange
Archaeologists studying ancient state societies often divide political economic models into separate prestige goods and subsistence goods systems. For the Maya during the Late Classic period (ca. A.D. 600–900), scholars have suggested that the elite centrally controlled the production and circulation of prestige goods while local communities and households were responsible for subsistence goods manufacture and exchange, which operated in a largel…
The Smithsonian–nist Partnership
The history and procedures of the Smithsonian–NIST programme in the application of instrumental neutron activation to the study of archaeological materials are reviewed. Statistical processing of the resulting analytical data is a major focus of the programme, with attention called to processes of initial group formation. Specific areas of current research emphasis are presented, which build upon the strength of accumulated databases
Methodological Issues in the Provenance Investigation of Early Formative Mesoamerican Ceramics
A recent study of Early Formative Mesoamerican pottery by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) yielded surprising results that prompted two critiques in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. The INAA study indicated that the Olmec center of San Lorenzo was a major exporter of carved-incised and white pottery and that little if any pottery made elsewhere was consumed at San Lorenzo. The critiques purport to "overturn" the…
Smokescreens in the Provenance Investigation of Early Formative Mesoamerican Ceramics
We are glad that Sharer et al. (this issue) have dropped their original claim that the INAA data demonstrate multidirectional movement of Early Formative pottery. Beyond this, however, they offer nothing that might enhance understanding of Early Formative ceramic circulation or inspire new insights into Early Formative cultural evolution in Mesoamerica. Instead, their response contains fresh distortions, replications of mistakes made in their PNA…
Compositional analysis of glazed earthenwares from eighteenth-century sites on the northern Gulf Coast
Stable Lead Isotope Studies of Black Sea Anatolian Ore Sources and Related Bronze Age and Phrygian Artefacts from Nearby Archaeological Sites. Appendix
The accumulated published database of stable lead isotope analyses of ore and slag specimens taken from Anatolian mining sites that parallel the Black Sea coast has been augmented with 22 additional analyses of such specimens carried out at the National Institute of Standards and Technology. Multivariate statistical analysis has been used to divide this composite database into five separate ore source groups. Evidence that most of these ore sourc…
Assessing Ceramic Compositional Data
A solid‐phase, non‐chemical processing protocol was recently developed as a means of chemically characterizing archaeological ceramics by total reflection X‐ray fluorescence (TXRF). Following this methodology, TXRF can provide semi‐quantitative determinations for 18 elements with comparable levels of precision and accuracy for the majority of them in comparison with a clay reference material analysed by instrumental neutron activation (INAA). In …
Hellenistic Production of Terracotta Roof Tiles Among the Ceramic Industries at Gordion
Recent excavation at the ancient city of Gordion in central western Turkey has recovered part of the collapsed terracotta tile roof of a large Hellenistic building built in the third century BC. The roofing system consisted of large rectangular pan tiles and long half‐round cover tiles. The evidence from ethnographic and historical accounts of tile production, forming and finishing methods, and chemical composition determined by neutron activatio…
Harappa et Mohenjo-Daro
Black slipped jars from the Indus, containers used to transport commodities of an as yet unknown nature, are important tracers of exchange with the neighboring regions of the Oman Peninsula and the Gulf during the second half of the 3rd Millennium B.C. Chemical analysis of samples of these jars recovered at several habitation sites in Pakistan and on the Oman Peninsula, has identified at least two potential zones of production in Pakistan. One of…
Chemical Characterization of Local Anatolian and Uruk Style Sealing Clays from Hacinebi
To test the hypothesis of an Uruk enclave existing side by side with the local Anatolian inhabitants of Hacinebi and the possibility of parallel administrative systems at the site, chemical characterization, by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA), was used to classify the two styles of ceramics and sealing clays. The results of this research clearly show that the clays employed in the sealing containers bearing local Anatolian stamp s…
Luster and Fritware Production and Distribution in Medieval Syria
The production of glazed fritware (artificial paste bodied) ceramics in medieval Syria is examined in the light of neutron activation analysis of an excavated sample from the site of Gritille. Reevaluation casts doubt on two main commonplaces of Islamic ceramic history: 1) the decorative technique of lustering, used on some of these fritwares, was highly restricted; and 2) the production of such luxury ceramics in the medieval Islamic world in ge…
Large-Scale Production of Pottery at Gordion
Analysis of the pottery production technology has suggested large-scale production of pottery in both the Late Bronze Age (1400-1200 ВС) and Early Phrygian (ca 950-700 ВС) periods at Gordion (Turkey). Chemical characterization of both pottery and local clay samples has defined markedly different patterns of resource use in the two periods, suggesting a different geographic scale in the economy as Gordion s socio-political and economic roles chang…
An Assessment of the Acid-Extraction Approach to Compositional Characterization of Archaeological Ceramics
We criticize the acid-extraction approach to chemical characterization of ceramics previously advocated in this journal by Burton and Simon (1993). The instrumental technique used by Burton and Simon (inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy [ICP]) is a highly precise chemical characterization technique, but noise introduced by characterizing acid extracts from sherds nullifies the usefulness of the resulting elemental concentration data …
Large-Scale Patterns in the Chemical Composition of Mississippian Pottery
Neutron activation analysis of Mississippian sherds from 21 regions across the Southeast has revealed the existence of distinctive chemical groups that are associated with four large geographical areas. One such group is associated with sites along the Mississippi River and its western tributaries, a second is associated with sites on the Appalachian Rim in Tennessee, a third is associated with sites on the Piedmont and associated drainages, and …
News and Short Contributions
Neutron Activation Analysis of Obsidian From Kalavasos- Tenta
The small quantity of obsidian used by the Aceramic Neolithic occupants of Cyprus was imported, there being no source on the island.The chemical composition, determined by neutron activation analysis, of six samples of obsidian from Kalavasos-Tenta indicates that they were derived from the central Anatolian, Göllü Dağ (çiftlik: Group 2b) source. On the basis of chemical composition, obsidian from five Cypriot Aceramnic Neolithic sites has the sam…
Glazed Calcareous Clay Ceramics from Gritille, Turkey
Glazed Calcareous Clay Ceramics From Gritille, Turkey
Resultats de l'analyse chimique par activation neutronique (Instrumental Neutronic Activation Analysis) de 168 echantillons de poteries medievales provenant de Gritille (Turquie), dont 37 sont en argile calcaire vernissee. Ces recherches ont eu lieu dans le cadre d'un projet d'etude de la production de ceramique de Syrie et de Jazira, au 12eme et 13eme siecles
The Standardization Hypothesis and Ceramic Mass Production
Archaeologists often use measurements of standardization in ceramics as evidence for specialized craft production. Analysis of fine-ware bowl kiln wasters from the urban center of Leilan, Syria (ca. 2300 B.C.) provides a rare opportunity to test the standardization hypothesis against the archaeological record of a single production event. Scanning-electron microscopy, xeroradiography, neutron activation, and metric analyses of the wasters show ex…
Luster and Fritware Production and Distribution in Medieval Syria
Methodological Issues in the Provenance Investigation of Early Formative Mesoamerican Ceramics
A recent study of Early Formative Mesoamerican pottery by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) yielded surprising results that prompted two critiques in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. The INAA study indicated that the Olmec center of San Lorenzo was a major exporter of carved-incised and white pottery and that little if any pottery made elsewhere was consumed at San Lorenzo. The critiques purport to "overturn" the…
The Standardization Hypothesis and Ceramic Mass Production
Archaeologists often use measurements of standardization in ceramics as evidence for specialized craft production. Analysis of fine-ware bowl kiln wasters from the urban center of Leilan, Syria (ca. 2300 B.C.) provides a rare opportunity to test the standardization hypothesis against the archaeological record of a single production event. Scanning-electron microscopy, xeroradiography, neutron activation, and metric analyses of the wasters show ex…
Smokescreens in the Provenance Investigation of Early Formative Mesoamerican Ceramics
We are glad that Sharer et al. (this issue) have dropped their original claim that the INAA data demonstrate multidirectional movement of Early Formative pottery. Beyond this, however, they offer nothing that might enhance understanding of Early Formative ceramic circulation or inspire new insights into Early Formative cultural evolution in Mesoamerica. Instead, their response contains fresh distortions, replications of mistakes made in their PNA…
Black-on-Orange Ceramic Production in the Aztec Empire's Heartland
Compositional and stylistic analyses of decorated ceramics have provided information about the regional organization of economic systems in the Aztec empire's core zone, the Basin of Mexico. Late Aztec Black-on-orange ceramics (A. D. 1350-1520) are found at nearly all archaeological sites in the Basin of Mexico, but prior to this study their sources were not verified. This study has investigated whether Black-on-orange ceramics were produced in o…
Large-Scale Patterns in the Chemical Composition of Mississippian Pottery
Neutron activation analysis of Mississippian sherds from 21 regions across the Southeast has revealed the existence of distinctive chemical groups that are associated with four large geographical areas. One such group is associated with sites along the Mississippi River and its western tributaries, a second is associated with sites on the Appalachian Rim in Tennessee, a third is associated with sites on the Piedmont and associated drainages, and …
Chemical Characterization of Local Anatolian and Uruk Style Sealing Clays from Hacinebi
To test the hypothesis of an Uruk enclave existing side by side with the local Anatolian inhabitants of Hacinebi and the possibility of parallel administrative systems at the site, chemical characterization, by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA), was used to classify the two styles of ceramics and sealing clays. The results of this research clearly show that the clays employed in the sealing containers bearing local Anatolian stamp s…
Late Classic (A.D. 600–900) Maya Market Exchange
Archaeologists studying ancient state societies often divide political economic models into separate prestige goods and subsistence goods systems. For the Maya during the Late Classic period (ca. A.D. 600–900), scholars have suggested that the elite centrally controlled the production and circulation of prestige goods while local communities and households were responsible for subsistence goods manufacture and exchange, which operated in a largel…
Large-Scale Production of Pottery at Gordion
Analysis of the pottery production technology has suggested large-scale production of pottery in both the Late Bronze Age (1400-1200 ВС) and Early Phrygian (ca 950-700 ВС) periods at Gordion (Turkey). Chemical characterization of both pottery and local clay samples has defined markedly different patterns of resource use in the two periods, suggesting a different geographic scale in the economy as Gordion s socio-political and economic roles chang…
An Assessment of the Acid-Extraction Approach to Compositional Characterization of Archaeological Ceramics
We criticize the acid-extraction approach to chemical characterization of ceramics previously advocated in this journal by Burton and Simon (1993). The instrumental technique used by Burton and Simon (inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy [ICP]) is a highly precise chemical characterization technique, but noise introduced by characterizing acid extracts from sherds nullifies the usefulness of the resulting elemental concentration data …
The Smithsonian–nist Partnership
The history and procedures of the Smithsonian–NIST programme in the application of instrumental neutron activation to the study of archaeological materials are reviewed. Statistical processing of the resulting analytical data is a major focus of the programme, with attention called to processes of initial group formation. Specific areas of current research emphasis are presented, which build upon the strength of accumulated databases
Harappa et Mohenjo-Daro
Black slipped jars from the Indus, containers used to transport commodities of an as yet unknown nature, are important tracers of exchange with the neighboring regions of the Oman Peninsula and the Gulf during the second half of the 3rd Millennium B.C. Chemical analysis of samples of these jars recovered at several habitation sites in Pakistan and on the Oman Peninsula, has identified at least two potential zones of production in Pakistan. One of…
Production and Exchange of Ceramics on the Oman Peninsula from the Perspective of Hili
M. James Blackman, Sophie Mery, Rita P. Wright, Production and Exchange of Ceramics on the Oman Peninsula from the Perspective of Hili, Journal of Field Archaeology, Vol. 16, No. 1 (Spring, 1989), pp. 61-77
Texas Mission Ceramics
Mobile or stationary? Chemical analysis of clay administrative devices from Tell Brak in the Late Uruk period
Luster and Fritware Production and Distribution in Medieval Syria
The production of glazed fritware (artificial paste bodied) ceramics in medieval Syria is examined in the light of neutron activation analysis of an excavated sample from the site of Gritille. Reevaluation casts doubt on two main commonplaces of Islamic ceramic history: 1) the decorative technique of lustering, used on some of these fritwares, was highly restricted; and 2) the production of such luxury ceramics in the medieval Islamic world in ge…
Locally-made or Imported? Identifying Ceramic Composition Variation in the San Francisco Presidio Jurisdiction
Compositional analysis of glazed earthenwares from eighteenth-century sites on the northern Gulf Coast
Assessing Ceramic Compositional Data
A solid‐phase, non‐chemical processing protocol was recently developed as a means of chemically characterizing archaeological ceramics by total reflection X‐ray fluorescence (TXRF). Following this methodology, TXRF can provide semi‐quantitative determinations for 18 elements with comparable levels of precision and accuracy for the majority of them in comparison with a clay reference material analysed by instrumental neutron activation (INAA). In …
News and Short Contributions
Neutron Activation Analysis of Obsidian From Kalavasos- Tenta
The small quantity of obsidian used by the Aceramic Neolithic occupants of Cyprus was imported, there being no source on the island.The chemical composition, determined by neutron activation analysis, of six samples of obsidian from Kalavasos-Tenta indicates that they were derived from the central Anatolian, Göllü Dağ (çiftlik: Group 2b) source. On the basis of chemical composition, obsidian from five Cypriot Aceramnic Neolithic sites has the sam…
Production and Exchange of Ceramics on the Oman Peninsula from the Perspective of Hili
Analysis was conducted for purposes of defining provenience of the raw material for three ceramics types: “domestic,” “black-on-red,” and Emir grey wares selected from Periods I and II at Hili 8 settlement and Hili North Tomb A on the Oman Peninsula of the 3rd millennium B.C. Combined thin section petrography and neutron activation analysis indicated that the “domestic” and “black-on-red” fine wares conform to the geological setting of the Oman P…
Production and Exchange of Ceramics on the Oman Peninsula from the Perspective of Hili
Analysis was conducted for purposes of defining provenience of the raw material for three ceramics types: “domestic,” “black-on-red,” and Emir grey wares selected from Periods I and II at Hili 8 settlement and Hili North Tomb A on the Oman Peninsula of the 3rd millennium B.C. Combined thin section petrography and neutron activation analysis indicated that the “domestic” and “black-on-red” fine wares conform to the geological setting of the Oman P…
Production and Exchange of Ceramics on the Oman Peninsula from the Perspective of Hili
M. James Blackman, Sophie Mery, Rita P. Wright, Production and Exchange of Ceramics on the Oman Peninsula from the Perspective of Hili, Journal of Field Archaeology, Vol. 16, No. 1 (Spring, 1989), pp. 61-77
Glazed Calcareous Clay Ceramics From Gritille, Turkey
Resultats de l'analyse chimique par activation neutronique (Instrumental Neutronic Activation Analysis) de 168 echantillons de poteries medievales provenant de Gritille (Turquie), dont 37 sont en argile calcaire vernissee. Ces recherches ont eu lieu dans le cadre d'un projet d'etude de la production de ceramique de Syrie et de Jazira, au 12eme et 13eme siecles
The Standardization Hypothesis and Ceramic Mass Production
Archaeologists often use measurements of standardization in ceramics as evidence for specialized craft production. Analysis of fine-ware bowl kiln wasters from the urban center of Leilan, Syria (ca. 2300 B.C.) provides a rare opportunity to test the standardization hypothesis against the archaeological record of a single production event. Scanning-electron microscopy, xeroradiography, neutron activation, and metric analyses of the wasters show ex…
Black-on-Orange Ceramic Production in the Aztec Empire's Heartland
Compositional and stylistic analyses of decorated ceramics have provided information about the regional organization of economic systems in the Aztec empire's core zone, the Basin of Mexico. Late Aztec Black-on-orange ceramics (A. D. 1350-1520) are found at nearly all archaeological sites in the Basin of Mexico, but prior to this study their sources were not verified. This study has investigated whether Black-on-orange ceramics were produced in o…
Glazed Calcareous Clay Ceramics from Gritille, Turkey
News and Short Contributions
Neutron Activation Analysis of Obsidian From Kalavasos- Tenta
The small quantity of obsidian used by the Aceramic Neolithic occupants of Cyprus was imported, there being no source on the island.The chemical composition, determined by neutron activation analysis, of six samples of obsidian from Kalavasos-Tenta indicates that they were derived from the central Anatolian, Göllü Dağ (çiftlik: Group 2b) source. On the basis of chemical composition, obsidian from five Cypriot Aceramnic Neolithic sites has the sam…
Large-Scale Production of Pottery at Gordion
Analysis of the pottery production technology has suggested large-scale production of pottery in both the Late Bronze Age (1400-1200 ВС) and Early Phrygian (ca 950-700 ВС) periods at Gordion (Turkey). Chemical characterization of both pottery and local clay samples has defined markedly different patterns of resource use in the two periods, suggesting a different geographic scale in the economy as Gordion s socio-political and economic roles chang…
An Assessment of the Acid-Extraction Approach to Compositional Characterization of Archaeological Ceramics
We criticize the acid-extraction approach to chemical characterization of ceramics previously advocated in this journal by Burton and Simon (1993). The instrumental technique used by Burton and Simon (inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy [ICP]) is a highly precise chemical characterization technique, but noise introduced by characterizing acid extracts from sherds nullifies the usefulness of the resulting elemental concentration data …
Large-Scale Patterns in the Chemical Composition of Mississippian Pottery
Neutron activation analysis of Mississippian sherds from 21 regions across the Southeast has revealed the existence of distinctive chemical groups that are associated with four large geographical areas. One such group is associated with sites along the Mississippi River and its western tributaries, a second is associated with sites on the Appalachian Rim in Tennessee, a third is associated with sites on the Piedmont and associated drainages, and …
Luster and Fritware Production and Distribution in Medieval Syria
The production of glazed fritware (artificial paste bodied) ceramics in medieval Syria is examined in the light of neutron activation analysis of an excavated sample from the site of Gritille. Reevaluation casts doubt on two main commonplaces of Islamic ceramic history: 1) the decorative technique of lustering, used on some of these fritwares, was highly restricted; and 2) the production of such luxury ceramics in the medieval Islamic world in ge…
Hellenistic Production of Terracotta Roof Tiles Among the Ceramic Industries at Gordion
Recent excavation at the ancient city of Gordion in central western Turkey has recovered part of the collapsed terracotta tile roof of a large Hellenistic building built in the third century BC. The roofing system consisted of large rectangular pan tiles and long half‐round cover tiles. The evidence from ethnographic and historical accounts of tile production, forming and finishing methods, and chemical composition determined by neutron activatio…
Harappa et Mohenjo-Daro
Black slipped jars from the Indus, containers used to transport commodities of an as yet unknown nature, are important tracers of exchange with the neighboring regions of the Oman Peninsula and the Gulf during the second half of the 3rd Millennium B.C. Chemical analysis of samples of these jars recovered at several habitation sites in Pakistan and on the Oman Peninsula, has identified at least two potential zones of production in Pakistan. One of…
Chemical Characterization of Local Anatolian and Uruk Style Sealing Clays from Hacinebi
To test the hypothesis of an Uruk enclave existing side by side with the local Anatolian inhabitants of Hacinebi and the possibility of parallel administrative systems at the site, chemical characterization, by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA), was used to classify the two styles of ceramics and sealing clays. The results of this research clearly show that the clays employed in the sealing containers bearing local Anatolian stamp s…
Stable Lead Isotope Studies of Black Sea Anatolian Ore Sources and Related Bronze Age and Phrygian Artefacts from Nearby Archaeological Sites. Appendix
The accumulated published database of stable lead isotope analyses of ore and slag specimens taken from Anatolian mining sites that parallel the Black Sea coast has been augmented with 22 additional analyses of such specimens carried out at the National Institute of Standards and Technology. Multivariate statistical analysis has been used to divide this composite database into five separate ore source groups. Evidence that most of these ore sourc…
Assessing Ceramic Compositional Data
A solid‐phase, non‐chemical processing protocol was recently developed as a means of chemically characterizing archaeological ceramics by total reflection X‐ray fluorescence (TXRF). Following this methodology, TXRF can provide semi‐quantitative determinations for 18 elements with comparable levels of precision and accuracy for the majority of them in comparison with a clay reference material analysed by instrumental neutron activation (INAA). In …
Compositional analysis of glazed earthenwares from eighteenth-century sites on the northern Gulf Coast
Methodological Issues in the Provenance Investigation of Early Formative Mesoamerican Ceramics
A recent study of Early Formative Mesoamerican pottery by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) yielded surprising results that prompted two critiques in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. The INAA study indicated that the Olmec center of San Lorenzo was a major exporter of carved-incised and white pottery and that little if any pottery made elsewhere was consumed at San Lorenzo. The critiques purport to "overturn" the…
Smokescreens in the Provenance Investigation of Early Formative Mesoamerican Ceramics
We are glad that Sharer et al. (this issue) have dropped their original claim that the INAA data demonstrate multidirectional movement of Early Formative pottery. Beyond this, however, they offer nothing that might enhance understanding of Early Formative ceramic circulation or inspire new insights into Early Formative cultural evolution in Mesoamerica. Instead, their response contains fresh distortions, replications of mistakes made in their PNA…
The Smithsonian–nist Partnership
The history and procedures of the Smithsonian–NIST programme in the application of instrumental neutron activation to the study of archaeological materials are reviewed. Statistical processing of the resulting analytical data is a major focus of the programme, with attention called to processes of initial group formation. Specific areas of current research emphasis are presented, which build upon the strength of accumulated databases
Locally-made or Imported? Identifying Ceramic Composition Variation in the San Francisco Presidio Jurisdiction
Late Classic (A.D. 600–900) Maya Market Exchange
Archaeologists studying ancient state societies often divide political economic models into separate prestige goods and subsistence goods systems. For the Maya during the Late Classic period (ca. A.D. 600–900), scholars have suggested that the elite centrally controlled the production and circulation of prestige goods while local communities and households were responsible for subsistence goods manufacture and exchange, which operated in a largel…
A través del río del cambio
Se ha dedicado considerable actividad arqueo1ógica a los sucesos que condujeron al despoblamientode los centros dvicos y religiosos del area maya central. Las causas hipotéticas del llamado "colapso" frecuentemente recurren a Ia idea de invasores de la costa del Golfo de México que arrasaron los pueblos asentados sobre el cauce superior del Usumacinta. Los estudios de la composición de las pastas cerámicas por activación neutrónica han concentrad…
Mobile or stationary? Chemical analysis of clay administrative devices from Tell Brak in the Late Uruk period
Archaeology (24 obras) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (20 obras) · Geography (19 obras) · Geology (15 obras) · History (15 obras) · History (14 obras) · Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis (13 obras) · Ancient history (10 obras) · Art (9 obras) · Ceramic (7 obras)