Michael Lightfoot
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 356067 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Michael Lightfoot |
| PRENOMES | Michael |
| SOBRENOME | Lightfoot |
| ASSINATURA | LIGHTFOOT M |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of California, San Francisco |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-5293-9755 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 52 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 75 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 52 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1998 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 5 |
A Socioecological Perspective on Sexual Health Promotion Choices Among Youth At-Risk for and Living with HIV in Los Angeles and New Orleans
Youth in the US remain at high relative risk for HIV and sexually transmitted infections compared to other age groups despite increasing diversity in the available tools to reduce HIV risk through behavioral strategies, biomedical methods, and treatment as prevention. Previous research has shown that acceptability and appeal of prevention methods vary across youth, and over-emphasis on any one strategy may overlook youth’s autonomy to make their …
Covid-19 Impact on the Lives of Youth Experiencing Homelessness
This study examines the impact of COVID-19 on the lives of youth experiencing homelessness (YEH) using a concurrent mixed-methods approach. We recruited individuals aged 18–25 ( n = 314) who were homeless and unstably housed (e.g., living in the streets with friends, hotels, or shelters). We measured COVID-19 fear and impact quantitatively and analyzed it using descriptive statistics. Concurrently, we conducted in-person or phone interviews to ex…
A livelihood intervention improved nutritional, mental health and sexual health outcomes among HIV-affected adolescents in western Kenya
INTRODUCTION: Interventions that address household-level factors, including food insecurity (FI) and poverty, may reduce HIV risk and improve sexual and reproductive health (SRH) among adolescent girls and young women (AGYW). METHODS: (SM). SM was a multisectoral agricultural livelihood intervention designed to improve HIV health. At the trial end, we used linear and logistic regressions to compare differences between the intervention and control…
Expanding the employment quality framework
Precarious employment, a condition marked by job instability, low wages, and limited protections, exacerbates economic insecurity and poor health, yet little is known about its impact on Black emerging adults (BEA). This study draws on longitudinal qualitative data to examine how young adults ages 18–24 experience and navigate precarious work while participating in a guaranteed income trial. We conducted in-depth interviews with 36 participants a…
Mentoring Early-Career Investigators of HIV/STI Health Disparities Research
BackgroundTo build research capacity for early-career faculty conducting HIV/STI research with minoritized communities and to enhance diversity in the scientific workforce, the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) Center for AIDS Prevention (CAPS) conducts a training program for visiting professors (VPs), begun in 1996. VPs are in residence at CAPS for three summers, complete a pilot research project, and prepare National Institutes of …
Increasing Sustained Viral Suppression Among Youth Living with HIV
PrEP Disparities Among Transgender Feminine, Transgender Masculine, Nonbinary, and Gender Expansive Youth and Young Adults in the United States
This study assessed disparities in pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use among transgender and gender expansive youth and young adults (N = 477) between 15 and 24 years old in the CARES (ATN 149) and TechStep (ATN 160) study protocols within the National Adolescent Medicine Trials Network for HIV/AIDS Interventions (ATN). Structural equation modeling was used to test mediation pathways between gender identity and PrEP uptake among the full sample a…
Online Peer Support for Youth at Higher Risk of or Living with HIV
With the rise of technology-based interventions for HIV risk reduction among adolescents, research is needed to assess how youth participate in these strategies. We used qualitative content analysis to examine youth's posts in an online peer support intervention through the Adolescent Trials Network (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03134833, registered May 1, 2017) for youth at higher risk of or living with HIV. We analyzed 308 posts across 85 conversation…
Keeping young researchers out of harm’s way
Introduction: Youth Participatory Action Research (YPAR) is an approach to conducting research with youth populations in order to effectively engage youth in research that impacts their lives. Young people experiencing homelessness (YEH) are vulnerable to power and social environments in ways that call attention to their experiences in research. Methods: The context for this paper was a qualitative YPAR project to incorporate youth voice into the…
“I am still human and worth a life
Background: A persistent treatment gap remains between children and adults living with HIV. The Zvandiri program, developed by Africaid, is one of the few models of differentiated service delivery for children, adolescents, and youth that has been shown to improve outcomes along the HIV care continuum, employing Community Adolescent Treatment Supporters (CATS) to offer peer counseling and patient navigation. Our qualitative study provides an in-d…
“We remember the pain”
Rates of homelessness among adults aged 50 and over are rising. Common strategies for exiting homelessness rely on social and family support. However, intergenerational trauma may disrupt these social support networks and contribute to homelessness. Understanding the impact of intergenerational trauma on living with family or friends may give insight into addressing homelessness among older adults. We purposefully sampled 46 adults who reported l…
Housing instability patterns among low-income, urban Black young adults in California and associations with mental health outcomes
High prevalence of housing instability and mental health challenges among low-income Black young adults demands tailored interventions to reduce instability, given widening racial disparities and implications for future well-being into adulthood
Results of a Randomized Wait-List Controlled Trial of Caya
Youth experiencing homelessness (YEH) face challenges that increase their susceptibility to HIV/STIs. Nurse case management is effective in managing the complex needs of populations experiencing homelessness and reducing HIV risk. A randomized wait-list control study conducted between September 2019 to May 2023 evaluated the CAYA "Come As You Are" intervention. This nurse-led HIV prevention for YEH aged 16-25 years focused on the uptake of HIV pr…
Strategies to Facilitate Service Utilization Among Youth at Risk for HIV
Sexual and gender minority youth (SGMY) are vulnerable to acquiring HIV and need HIV prevention and health services, but may have competing needs. A prior analysis found that PrEP use reports increased in a combination intervention study arm with coaching, peer support, and automated text-messages. This paper examines ancillary support and healthcare services utilization as secondary intervention objectives. SGMY (N = 895, 40% Black, 29% Latino) …
Positive and Negative Experiences With Supportive Services and Programming
Services for youth experiencing homelessness (YEH) are designed with limited input from the youth themselves. This study explored the experiences and recommendations for services aimed at mitigating the negative effects of homelessness among youth. A total of 45 interviews were conducted with YEH (ages 15 to 24, M = 21.5 years) who experienced at least one night of homelessness. Transcripts were coded by using a modified constructivist grounded t…
A guaranteed income intervention to improve the health and financial well-being of low-income black emerging adults
Background: Economic inequity systematically affects Black emerging adults (BEA), aged 18-24, and their healthy trajectory into adulthood. Guaranteed income (GI)-temporary, unconditional cash payments-is gaining traction as a policy solution to address the inequitable distribution of resources sewn by decades of structural racism and disinvestment. GI provides recipients with security, time, and support to enable their transition into adulthood a…
“I Was Always Trying to Figure It Out… on My Own Terms”
Recognizing the historical grounding of sexual identity development, we examined the spontaneous narration of the internet's significance among a diverse sample of three distinct birth cohorts of sexual minority adults ( n = 36, ages 18-59) in the United States. Thematic analysis revealed two structural barriers and four roles of the internet in sexual identity development. Structural barriers were being in a heterosexual marriage (exclusive to m…
A Pilot Study of Ketamine Infusion after Suicide Attempt
Ketamine, in research settings, rapidly reduces suicidal thoughts 2-24 h after a single infusion in patients with high suicidal ideation. In this study, the authors investigate ketamine's effects on suicidality in a real-world sample of recent suicide attempters on a tertiary-care Consultation-Liaison (CL) psychiatry service. Using an open-label design, 16 transdiagnostic CL patients were recruited, 18-65 years old, to receive a single dose of in…
Supporting Community Partners in Reducing HIV-Related Health Disparities
The HIV epidemic remains a public health threat in the U.S., and the dissemination and implementation of evidence-based prevention and care programs are critical to addressing significant HIV health disparities. The provision of technical assistance (TA) to program providers and evaluators is key for uptake of these programs. The University of California San Francisco Prevention Research Center (UCSF PRC) model for TA delivery uses topics and str…
Motivators and Barriers for Parents to Disclose their HIV Status to Children
Disclosure to children has been identified as one of the main challenges for parents living with HIV (PLH). The aim of this study was to qualitatively explore motivators, barriers, and the process of parental disclosure in a Zimbabwean community with high HIV prevalence. A total of 28 PLH participated in three focus groups comprising PLH who had disclosed their HIV status to their children (n = 11), PLH who had not disclosed to their children (n …
Social Change and the Health of Sexual Minority Individuals
This study examined the extent to which social stress stemming from a stigmatized social status (i.e., minority stress) was associated with three domains of health in younger as compared with older age cohorts of sexual minority individuals. Data were analyzed from the Generations Study, a longitudinal study using a probability sample ( N = 1518) of age cohorts of sexual minority individuals in the USA. Exposure to a variety of minority stressors…
The Architecture of an Internal, Scientific, Presubmission Review Program Designed to Increase the Impact and Success of Grant Proposals and Manuscripts
Securing extramural grant funding and publishing in peer-reviewed journals are key indicators of success for many investigators in academic settings. As a result, these expectations are also sources of stress for investigators and trainees considering such careers. As competition over grant funding, costs of conducting research, and diffusion of effort across multiple demands increase, the need to submit high-quality applications and publications…
The qualitative interview in psychology and the study of social change
Interviewing is considered a key form of qualitative inquiry in psychology that yields rich data on lived experience and meaning making of life events. Interviews that contain multiple components informed by specific epistemologies have the potential to provide particularly nuanced perspectives on psychological experience. We offer a methodological model for a multi-component interview that draws upon both pragmatic and constructivist epistemolog…
Comparing National Probability and Community-Based Samples of Sexual Minority Adults
Adaptation of an effective school-based sexual health promotion program for youth in Colombia
Developmental, Ethnic, and Gender Differences in Ethnic Identity among Adolescents
Students' ratings of five components of ethnic identity were examined: their ethnic self-label, reference group, ethnically related attitudes (ethnic pride, separatistfeeling, stereotyping of ethnic groups), values, and social expectations. Each component was examined among 32S African American, Latino, Filipino, and Anglo adolescents at an integrated, ethnically balanced high school. The independence of the dimensions of ethnic identity were ind…
Like finding a unicorn
Who is doing well? A typology of newly homeless adolescents
There is growing evidence to support developing new typologies for homeless adolescents. Current typologies focus on the risks associated with being homeless, with less consideration of the positive attributes of homeless adolescents. The authors examined both risk and protective factors in a sample of newly homeless adolescents. Using cluster analysis techniques, they identified three distinct clusters of newly homeless adolescents: those who ar…
The Mediating Roles of Stress and Maladaptive Behaviors on Self-Harm and Suicide Attempts Among Runaway and Homeless Youth
Aids Risk Behaviors among American and Australian Homeless Youth
We examined HIV/AIDS risk behaviors among homeless youth in cross‐national data collected in Melbourne, Australia (n= 398), and Los Angeles, California (n= 498). Using structural equation modeling, we found that the Australian youth reported greater involvement in AIDS risk behaviors than the American youth and the Australian youth were more involved in intervening risk factors that promote risk behaviors and less involved with protective factors…
Comparing National Probability and Community-Based Samples of Sexual Minority Adults
Social Change and the Health of Sexual Minority Individuals
This study examined the extent to which social stress stemming from a stigmatized social status (i.e., minority stress) was associated with three domains of health in younger as compared with older age cohorts of sexual minority individuals. Data were analyzed from the Generations Study, a longitudinal study using a probability sample ( N = 1518) of age cohorts of sexual minority individuals in the USA. Exposure to a variety of minority stressors…
Depressive Symptomatology among HIV‐Positive Women in the Era of Haart
Objective: An enhanced stress and coping model was used to explain depression among HIV‐positive women in healthcare and community settings where highly active anti‐retroviral treatment (HAART) was commonplace. Method: HIV‐infected women in four cities ( N =978) were assessed, cross‐sectionally, for mental and physical health, stress, social support, and other background factors. Results: Self‐reported level of depressive symptomatology was high.…
Predictors of Child Custody Plans for Children Whose Parents Are Living with Aids in New York City
Custody planning among parents living with HIV or AIDS (PLHAs) can buffer the negative impact of parental death. The formal and informal custody plans for 594 children by 253 PLHAs and the relationships among custody plans, parental health, and psychosocial status were examined. About one-half of the parents had no formal custody plan. Parents were more likely to make plans for younger children. In addition, formal custody planning was more likel…
Religious groups as diffusers of HIV antibody testing and prevention messages
Using a quasi‐experimental design, this study examined how delivering a brief training to volunteers in church congregations impacted (a) church volunteers' persistence in delivering HIV antibody testing messages over time and (b) HIV antibody testing behavior of the church volunteers themselves. Church volunteers attended a briefing regarding delivery of public health messages to others and the churches were assigned to either: (a) a trained con…
Developmental, Ethnic, and Gender Differences in Ethnic Identity among Adolescents
Students' ratings of five components of ethnic identity were examined: their ethnic self-label, reference group, ethnically related attitudes (ethnic pride, separatistfeeling, stereotyping of ethnic groups), values, and social expectations. Each component was examined among 32S African American, Latino, Filipino, and Anglo adolescents at an integrated, ethnically balanced high school. The independence of the dimensions of ethnic identity were ind…
Levels of Emotional Distress Among Parents Living with Aids and their Adolescent Children
Lifestyle Choices of Parents Living with Aids
Religious groups as diffusers of HIV antibody testing and prevention messages
Using a quasi‐experimental design, this study examined how delivering a brief training to volunteers in church congregations impacted (a) church volunteers' persistence in delivering HIV antibody testing messages over time and (b) HIV antibody testing behavior of the church volunteers themselves. Church volunteers attended a briefing regarding delivery of public health messages to others and the churches were assigned to either: (a) a trained con…
Religious groups as diffusers of HIV antibody testing and prevention messages
Using a quasi-experimental design, this study examined how delivering a brief training to volunteers in church congregations impacted (a) church volunteers' persistence in delivering HIV antibody testing messages over time and (b) HIV antibody testing behavior of the church volunteers themselves. Church volunteers attended a briefing regarding delivery of public health messages to others and the churches were assigned to either: (a) a trained con…
Intricacies and inter-relationships between HIV disclosure and Haart
This study aimed to understand whether and how highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) affects views and patterns of disclosure and how disclosure interacts with treatment decisions. One hundred and fifty-two HIV-positive adults (52 MSM, 56 women and 44 IDU men) from four US cities participated in two to three-hour, semi-structured interviews in 1998-99. Results indicate that HAART interacts with and shapes HIV disclosure issues in several…
Predictors of Child Custody Plans for Children Whose Parents Are Living with Aids in New York City
Custody planning among parents living with HIV or AIDS (PLHAs) can buffer the negative impact of parental death. The formal and informal custody plans for 594 children by 253 PLHAs and the relationships among custody plans, parental health, and psychosocial status were examined. About one-half of the parents had no formal custody plan. Parents were more likely to make plans for younger children. In addition, formal custody planning was more likel…
Risk Behaviors of Youth Living With HIV
Targeted interventions for YLH that address reductions in transmission acts and aim to improve quality of life are still needed
Insurance Coverage, Usual Source of Care, and Receipt of Clinically Indicated Care for Comorbid Conditions Among Adults Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Associations of insurance coverage and source of care with use of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related health, mental health, and substance abuse services are examined in a large, diverse, highly active antiretroviral therapy-era cohort. METHODS: Adults who were infected with HIV (n = 3818) were interviewed in clinics and community agencies in Los Angeles, Milwaukee, New York, and San Francisco regarding drug use …
Who Benefited from an Efficacious Intervention for Youth Living with HIV
Depressive Symptomatology among HIV‐Positive Women in the Era of Haart
Objective: An enhanced stress and coping model was used to explain depression among HIV‐positive women in healthcare and community settings where highly active anti‐retroviral treatment (HAART) was commonplace. Method: HIV‐infected women in four cities ( N =978) were assessed, cross‐sectionally, for mental and physical health, stress, social support, and other background factors. Results: Self‐reported level of depressive symptomatology was high.…
It's not just what you say
In the post-HAART era, critical questions arise as to what factors affect disclosure decisions and how these decisions are associated with factors such as high-risk behaviors and partner variables. We interviewed 1,828 HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM), of whom 46% disclosed to all partners. Among men with casual partners, 41.8% disclosed to all of these partners and 21.5% to none. Disclosure was associated with relationship type, perc…
Self-monitoring of behaviour as a risk reduction strategy for persons living with HIV
To reduce the HIV-related transmission behaviours of persons living with HIV (PLH), a few efficacious interventions have been designed and evaluated. However, these interventions were delivered at relatively high cost, both in terms of time and resources. Given the challenges for health providers and community agencies in delivering these interventions, alternatives are needed. One possible intervention is allowing PLH to self-monitor their HIV t…
Affect Regulation, Stimulant Use, and Viral Load Among HIV-Positive Persons on Anti-Retroviral Therapy
Objective: A substantial minority of HIV-positive individuals have comorbid affective or substance use disorders, which can interfere with effective medical management. The present study examined the associations among affect regulation, substance use, non-adherence to anti-retroviral therapy (ART), and immune status in a diverse sample of HIV-positive persons. Methods: A total of 858 HIV-positive participants self-reporting risk of transmitting …
Computerized HIV Preventive Intervention for Adolescents
We tested the hypothesis that a computerized intervention would be as efficacious as an in-person, small-group intervention in reducing sexual risk behaviors. The sexual behavior of high-risk adolescents in 3 intervention conditions was examined: (1) computer based, (2) small groups, and (3) control. Adolescents in the computerized intervention were significantly less likely to engage in sexual activity and reported significantly fewer partners. …
Aids Risk Behaviors among American and Australian Homeless Youth
We examined HIV/AIDS risk behaviors among homeless youth in cross‐national data collected in Melbourne, Australia (n= 398), and Los Angeles, California (n= 498). Using structural equation modeling, we found that the Australian youth reported greater involvement in AIDS risk behaviors than the American youth and the Australian youth were more involved in intervening risk factors that promote risk behaviors and less involved with protective factors…
Individual and Environmental Protective Factors for Risky Sexual Behavior among Homeless Youth
HIV prevention and African American youth
African American youth continue to be disproportionately represented in the incidence and prevalence of HIV despite numerous prevention efforts that target adolescent populations and declines in sexual risk behaviour among youth in general during the last decade. Several studies examining individual-level behavioural factors have failed to explain the health disparity in HIV prevalence. African American youth experience higher rates of HIV and ot…
Who is doing well? A typology of newly homeless adolescents
There is growing evidence to support developing new typologies for homeless adolescents. Current typologies focus on the risks associated with being homeless, with less consideration of the positive attributes of homeless adolescents. The authors examined both risk and protective factors in a sample of newly homeless adolescents. Using cluster analysis techniques, they identified three distinct clusters of newly homeless adolescents: those who ar…
Promoting the Knowledge Economy in the Arab World
This article looks at the information and communication technology (ICT)–related education reform programs in three countries in the Middle East. It indicates the evident policy linkage between the implementation of school-based ICT programs and the development of pupils’ 21st-century skills to address the knowledge economy. The policy aspirations are put in the context of the history of education in the region and the Islamic traditions and beli…
Vocational Training with HIV Prevention for Ugandan Youth
Macro-level approaches to HIV prevention among ethnic minority youth
The HIV epidemic continues to disproportionately affect ethnic minority youth. These disconcerting health disparities indicate that although existing HIV preventive strategies for ethnic minority youth have been efficacious, they have not significantly reduced the impact of the epidemic in this population. Macro-level interventions, such as structural or policy interventions, have the potential to impact the HIV epidemic at a population level, an…
The Mediating Roles of Stress and Maladaptive Behaviors on Self-Harm and Suicide Attempts Among Runaway and Homeless Youth
Education reform for the knowledge economy in the state of Sangon
This paper aims to highlight the issues associated with the implementation of education reform policies relating to ‘future schools’ in a small state in the Middle East and North Africa region. The study points to the consistency with which global corporations and the supranational organisations, such as UNESCO and the World Bank, promote a twenty-first-century skill agenda as an essential component for educational renewal and innovation; but, wi…
Compliance to Cell Phone-Based EMA Among Latino Youth in Outpatient Treatment
Outpatient treatment practices for adolescent substance users utilize retrospective self-report to monitor drug use. Cell phone-based ecological momentary assessment (CEMA) overcomes retrospective self-report biases and can enhance outpatient treatment, particularly among Latino adolescents, who have been understudied with regard to CEMA. This study explores compliance to text message-based CEMA with youth (n = 28; 93% Latino) in outpatient treat…
Medicine (41 obras) · Psychology (39 obras) · HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions (24 obras) · Psychiatry (23 obras) · Public health (19 obras) · Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health (18 obras) · Sociology (18 obras) · Family medicine (17 obras) · Social Psychology (16 obras) · Gerontology (15 obras)