Diana Silver
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 3581595 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Diana Silver |
| PRENOMES | Diana |
| SOBRENOME | Silver |
| ASSINATURA | SILVER D |
| AFILIAÇÕES | New York University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-8135-0306 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 33 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 63 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 33 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2000 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 5 |
The Relationship Between State Fiscal Capacity and Opioid Settlement Expenditures
Introduction The distribution of funds from national opioid settlements provides a critical opportunity for states to address the ongoing overdose crisis in the US. However, it remains unclear whether these funds have been spent by states with significant fiscal needs, in addition to higher opioid-related needs.Methods We used data from KFF Health News to examine per capita opioid settlement spending across states, categorizing them into tertiles…
Sensitive places, persistent violence
Ghost gun recovery and firearm deaths in California, 2014–2023
BACKGROUND: We investigated whether ghost gun recovery rates are significantly associated with firearm mortality rates in the following year across California's 58 counties from 2014 to 2023. METHODS: We obtained yearly county-level data on ghost guns recovered in California from The Trace's Gun Violence Data Hub. County-level firearm death counts (total, suicide and homicide) were pulled from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Rest…
Beyond social determinants
A large body of research has been dedicated to understanding the relationship between social determinants of health (SDOH) and overdose death across counties in the United States (U.S). However, this literature has so far focused on demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of counties and has largely overlooked the ways in which county fiscal constraints may be associated with responses to the opioid epidemic. To address this gap, this longi…
Enrollment Patterns of Medicare Advantage Beneficiaries by Dental, Vision, and Hearing Benefits
The results of this study suggest that racial and ethnic minority individuals and those with lower income or educational attainment are more likely to choose MA plans with dental or vision benefits. As the federal government prepares to adjust MA plan star ratings for health equity, implements MA payment cuts, and allows increasing flexibility in supplemental benefit offerings, these findings may inform benefit monitoring for MA
Recreational cannabis legislation and binge drinking in U.S. adolescents and adults
By the Letter of Law? The Effects of Administrative Adjudication for Resolving Disputes in NYC’s Restaurant Grading Initiative
Administrative adjudication can serve as a quasi-judicial forum for resolving disputes resulting from government regulations. New York City recently required restaurants to post letter grades reflecting their compliance with food safety regulations and incorporated an easily accessible administrative adjudication system into its policy design. This study examines the implementation of this feature of the policy by using a regression discontinuity…
State Gun-Control, Gun-Rights, and Preemptive Firearm-Related Laws Across 50 US States for 2009–2018
Objectives. To assess state policy environments and the relationship between state gun-control, gun-rights, and preemptive firearm-related laws in the United States. Methods. In 2019 through 2020, we evaluated substantive firearm laws and preemptive firearm laws across 50 US states for 2009 through 2018. For each state, we compared substantive measures with preemptive measures on the same policy topic for 2018. Results. The presence of state fire…
Dental Radiographs for Age Estimation in US Asylum Seekers
Unaccompanied migrant children seeking asylum status in the United States are often forced to undergo dental radiographs, or x-rays, to verify that they are younger than 18 years. The application of third molar dental radiographs is methodologically flawed and should not be employed as a determinant of chronological age. Furthermore, the use of such tests without obtaining informed consent from either the youth or an objective advocate is unethic…
Impact of New York City’s 2014 Increased Minimum Legal Purchase Age on Youth Tobacco Use
Objectives. To assess the impact of New York City’s (NYC’s) 2014 increase of the minimum legal purchase age (MLPA) for tobacco and e-cigarettes from 18 to 21 years. Methods. We performed a difference-in-differences analysis comparing NYC to the rest of New York State by using repeated cross-sections of the New York Youth Tobacco Survey (2008–2016) and to 4 Florida cities by using the Youth Risk Behavior Surveys (2007–2015). Results. Adolescent to…
Sisters doing it by themselves
Why have women chosen to conduct political protests without men? Does this choice have epistemological and practical validity for direct action in the 21st century? The paper mentions the background of the women-only direct action at Greenham, UK in the 1980s; this introduced NVDA to a British public accustomed to more deferential modes of protest, as well as encouraging many previously straight women towards other forms of sexuality. The identit…
Planned Parenthood Is Health Care, and Health Care Must Defend It
The article discusses the authors' call for the U.S. public health community to support the Planned Parenthood Federation of America Inc. (Planned Parenthood) health care organization as of 2017, and it mentions how various American states are threatening to defund Planned Parenthood health centers. Community health clinics and the U.S. Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act are examined, along with abortion services, influenza vaccinations, …
That’s not how the learning works – the paradox of Reverse Innovation
BACKGROUND: There are significant differences in the meaning and use of the term 'Reverse Innovation' between industry circles, where the term originated, and health policy circles where the term has gained traction. It is often conflated with other popularized terms such as Frugal Innovation, Co-development and Trickle-up Innovation. Compared to its use in the industrial sector, this conceptualization of Reverse Innovation describes a more compl…
Changes in health care inequity in Brazil between 2008 and 2013
The results of this study support the claim that Brazil's population continued to see absolute gains in access to care despite recent economic crises. However, gains in equity have slowed and may even decline if investments are not maintained as the country enters deeper financial and political crises
‘They hear “Africa” and they think that there can’t be any good services’ – perceived context in cross-national learning
BACKGROUND: Country-of-origin of a product can negatively influence its rating, particularly if the product is from a low-income country. It follows that how non-traditional sources of innovation, such as low-income countries, are perceived is likely to be an important part of a diffusion process, particularly given the strong social and cognitive boundaries associated with the healthcare professions. METHODS: Between September and December 2014,…
Compliance with minimum price and legal age for cigarette purchase laws
Variation in compliance with existing laws suggests that more active monitoring of compliance with the new minimum legal purchase age will be required in order to realise the new law's public health potential
Retailer compliance with tobacco control laws in New York City before and after raising the minimum legal purchase age to 21
Several aspects of tobacco control appear to have deteriorated in NYC. Greater attention to monitoring retailer compliance with all tobacco regulations will be important for Tobacco 21 laws to be effective in reducing youth access to tobacco products
Over-the-counter sales of out-of-state and counterfeit tax stamp cigarettes in New York City
Enhanced enforcement of retail sales of cigarettes is needed to ensure the full benefit of existing tobacco control laws in NYC
Diffusion of Impaired Driving Laws Among US States
Objectives. We examined internal and external determinants of state’s adoption of impaired driving laws. Methods. Data included 7 state-level, evidence-based public health laws collected from 1980 to 2010. We used event history analyses to identify predictors of first-time law adoption and subsequent adoption between state pairs. The independent variables were internal state factors, including the political environment, legislative professionalis…
Child passenger safety laws in the United States, 1978-2010
Good Evaluation Measures
In this commentary, we examine Braverman's insights into the trade-offs between feasibility and rigor in evaluation measures and reject his assessment of the trade-off as a zero-sum game. We, argue that feasibility and policy salience are, like reliability and validity, intrinsic to the definition of a good measure. To reduce the tension between feasibility and measurement rigor, we argue that evaluators should make greater use of existing data, …
Improving State Health Policy Assessment
We examine the scope of inquiry into the measurement and assessment of the state public health policy environment. We argue that there are gains to be made by looking systematically at policies both within and across health domains. We draw from the public health and public policy literature to develop the concepts of interdomain and intradomain policy comprehensiveness and illustrate how these concepts can be used to enhance surveillance of the …
Lifting Boats Without Closing Gaps
Objectives. We compared cause-specific mortality and birth rates for children and youths aged younger than 18 years in 100 US cities from 1992 through 2002. Methods. We used 5 census indicators to categorize the 100 most populous US cities in 1990 as economically distressed or nondistressed. We used Poisson regression to calculate rate ratios for cause-specific mortality and birth rates, comparing distressed cities to nondistressed cities overall…
Transportation to Clinic
Understanding the Political Context of "New" Policy Issues
This article uses the Advocacy Coalition Framework to identify the stakeholders and their coalitions in the arena of after-school policy, which drew much new attention beginning in the early 1990s in many American cities. Using evidence from case studies in five cities, we show how the framework can be extended beyond stakeholder analysis to include identification of core and secondary value conflicts and of opportunities for policy analysis to h…
Integrating a Comparison Group Design into a Theory of Change Evaluation
This paper describes how we strengthened the theory of change approach to evaluating a complex social initiative by integrating it with a quasi-experimental, comparison group design. We also demonstrate the plausibility of selecting a credible comparison group through the use of cluster analysis, and describe our work in validating that analysis with additional measures. The integrated evaluation design relies on two points of comparison: (1) pro…
Understanding the Political Context of "New" Policy Issues
This article uses the Advocacy Coalition Framework to identify the stakeholders and their coalitions in the arena of after-school policy, which drew much new attention beginning in the early 1990s in many American cities. Using evidence from case studies in five cities, we show how the framework can be extended beyond stakeholder analysis to include identification of core and secondary value conflicts and of opportunities for policy analysis to h…
Setting an Agenda for Local Action
Many social programs, funded by government or philanthropy, begin with efforts to improve local conditions with strategic planning. Mandated by funders, these processes aim to include the views of community residents and those with technical expertise. Program leaders are left to reconcile public and expert opinions in determining how to shape their programs. The experience of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation's Urban Health Initiative suggests …
Diffusion of Impaired Driving Laws Among US States
Objectives. We examined internal and external determinants of state’s adoption of impaired driving laws. Methods. Data included 7 state-level, evidence-based public health laws collected from 1980 to 2010. We used event history analyses to identify predictors of first-time law adoption and subsequent adoption between state pairs. The independent variables were internal state factors, including the political environment, legislative professionalis…
Child passenger safety laws in the United States, 1978-2010
The Pros and Cons of Comprehensive Community Initiatives at the City Level
This article describes the trade-offs between the city-level and neighborhood-based approaches in examining the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation’s (RWJF’s) Urban Health Initiative (UHI), an $80 million, 10-year effort to improve the health and safety of young people
Dental Radiographs for Age Estimation in US Asylum Seekers
Unaccompanied migrant children seeking asylum status in the United States are often forced to undergo dental radiographs, or x-rays, to verify that they are younger than 18 years. The application of third molar dental radiographs is methodologically flawed and should not be employed as a determinant of chronological age. Furthermore, the use of such tests without obtaining informed consent from either the youth or an objective advocate is unethic…
Good Evaluation Measures
In this commentary, we examine Braverman's insights into the trade-offs between feasibility and rigor in evaluation measures and reject his assessment of the trade-off as a zero-sum game. We, argue that feasibility and policy salience are, like reliability and validity, intrinsic to the definition of a good measure. To reduce the tension between feasibility and measurement rigor, we argue that evaluators should make greater use of existing data, …
Improving State Health Policy Assessment
We examine the scope of inquiry into the measurement and assessment of the state public health policy environment. We argue that there are gains to be made by looking systematically at policies both within and across health domains. We draw from the public health and public policy literature to develop the concepts of interdomain and intradomain policy comprehensiveness and illustrate how these concepts can be used to enhance surveillance of the …
Finding the Impact in a Messy Intervention
This article uses the evaluation of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation’s (RWJF) Urban Health Initiative (UHI), a 10-year effort to improve health and safety outcomes in distressed cities, to demonstrate the strength of an evaluation design that integrates theory of change and quasi-experimental approaches, including the use of comparison cities. This paper focuses on the later stages of implementation and, especially, our methods for estimating p…
Beyond social determinants
A large body of research has been dedicated to understanding the relationship between social determinants of health (SDOH) and overdose death across counties in the United States (U.S). However, this literature has so far focused on demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of counties and has largely overlooked the ways in which county fiscal constraints may be associated with responses to the opioid epidemic. To address this gap, this longi…
State Gun-Control, Gun-Rights, and Preemptive Firearm-Related Laws Across 50 US States for 2009–2018
Objectives. To assess state policy environments and the relationship between state gun-control, gun-rights, and preemptive firearm-related laws in the United States. Methods. In 2019 through 2020, we evaluated substantive firearm laws and preemptive firearm laws across 50 US states for 2009 through 2018. For each state, we compared substantive measures with preemptive measures on the same policy topic for 2018. Results. The presence of state fire…
Planned Parenthood Is Health Care, and Health Care Must Defend It
The article discusses the authors' call for the U.S. public health community to support the Planned Parenthood Federation of America Inc. (Planned Parenthood) health care organization as of 2017, and it mentions how various American states are threatening to defund Planned Parenthood health centers. Community health clinics and the U.S. Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act are examined, along with abortion services, influenza vaccinations, …
If You Build It, Will They Come
Telephone-survey data were gathered from parents and youth in five of America's largest and most distressed cities to estimate unmet demand for after-school programs. Unmet demand was conceptualized as a function of low utilization and dissatisfaction with one's current arrangement; furthermore, the authors argue that dissatisfaction must stem from something that can be addressed through changes in policy or programs. Large numbers of parents of …
Health promotion in the city
Integrating a Comparison Group Design into a Theory of Change Evaluation
This paper describes how we strengthened the theory of change approach to evaluating a complex social initiative by integrating it with a quasi-experimental, comparison group design. We also demonstrate the plausibility of selecting a credible comparison group through the use of cluster analysis, and describe our work in validating that analysis with additional measures. The integrated evaluation design relies on two points of comparison: (1) pro…
Setting an Agenda for Local Action
Many social programs, funded by government or philanthropy, begin with efforts to improve local conditions with strategic planning. Mandated by funders, these processes aim to include the views of community residents and those with technical expertise. Program leaders are left to reconcile public and expert opinions in determining how to shape their programs. The experience of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation's Urban Health Initiative suggests …
Following the Money
This article describes the nature and utility of fiscal analysis in evaluating complex community interventions. Using New York University’s evaluation of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation’s Urban Health Initiative as an example, the authors describe issues arising in defining and operationalizing constructs for fiscal analysis. The approach’s utility is demonstrated in the use of interim findings to help redefine the program’s goals for resource…
Efforts to Improve Public Policy and Programs through Data Practice
Philanthropies and government agencies interested in children’s issues are encouraging localities to improve the process of collecting, linking, and sharing microdata and aggregated summary statistics. An implicit assumption of these efforts is that outcomes will improve as a result of the new approaches. However, there has been little systematic study of these efforts. In this article, we examine efforts to improve data practice in 15 distressed…
If You Build It, Will They Come
Telephone-survey data were gathered from parents and youth in five of America's largest and most distressed cities to estimate unmet demand for after-school programs. Unmet demand was conceptualized as a function of low utilization and dissatisfaction with one's current arrangement; furthermore, the authors argue that dissatisfaction must stem from something that can be addressed through changes in policy or programs. Large numbers of parents of …
Finding the Impact in a Messy Intervention
This article uses the evaluation of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation’s (RWJF) Urban Health Initiative (UHI), a 10-year effort to improve health and safety outcomes in distressed cities, to demonstrate the strength of an evaluation design that integrates theory of change and quasi-experimental approaches, including the use of comparison cities. This paper focuses on the later stages of implementation and, especially, our methods for estimating p…
The Pros and Cons of Comprehensive Community Initiatives at the City Level
This article describes the trade-offs between the city-level and neighborhood-based approaches in examining the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation’s (RWJF’s) Urban Health Initiative (UHI), an $80 million, 10-year effort to improve the health and safety of young people
Transportation to Clinic
Understanding the Political Context of "New" Policy Issues
This article uses the Advocacy Coalition Framework to identify the stakeholders and their coalitions in the arena of after-school policy, which drew much new attention beginning in the early 1990s in many American cities. Using evidence from case studies in five cities, we show how the framework can be extended beyond stakeholder analysis to include identification of core and secondary value conflicts and of opportunities for policy analysis to h…
Lifting Boats Without Closing Gaps
Objectives. We compared cause-specific mortality and birth rates for children and youths aged younger than 18 years in 100 US cities from 1992 through 2002. Methods. We used 5 census indicators to categorize the 100 most populous US cities in 1990 as economically distressed or nondistressed. We used Poisson regression to calculate rate ratios for cause-specific mortality and birth rates, comparing distressed cities to nondistressed cities overall…
Improving State Health Policy Assessment
We examine the scope of inquiry into the measurement and assessment of the state public health policy environment. We argue that there are gains to be made by looking systematically at policies both within and across health domains. We draw from the public health and public policy literature to develop the concepts of interdomain and intradomain policy comprehensiveness and illustrate how these concepts can be used to enhance surveillance of the …
Good Evaluation Measures
In this commentary, we examine Braverman's insights into the trade-offs between feasibility and rigor in evaluation measures and reject his assessment of the trade-off as a zero-sum game. We, argue that feasibility and policy salience are, like reliability and validity, intrinsic to the definition of a good measure. To reduce the tension between feasibility and measurement rigor, we argue that evaluators should make greater use of existing data, …
Child passenger safety laws in the United States, 1978-2010
‘They hear “Africa” and they think that there can’t be any good services’ – perceived context in cross-national learning
BACKGROUND: Country-of-origin of a product can negatively influence its rating, particularly if the product is from a low-income country. It follows that how non-traditional sources of innovation, such as low-income countries, are perceived is likely to be an important part of a diffusion process, particularly given the strong social and cognitive boundaries associated with the healthcare professions. METHODS: Between September and December 2014,…
Compliance with minimum price and legal age for cigarette purchase laws
Variation in compliance with existing laws suggests that more active monitoring of compliance with the new minimum legal purchase age will be required in order to realise the new law's public health potential
Retailer compliance with tobacco control laws in New York City before and after raising the minimum legal purchase age to 21
Several aspects of tobacco control appear to have deteriorated in NYC. Greater attention to monitoring retailer compliance with all tobacco regulations will be important for Tobacco 21 laws to be effective in reducing youth access to tobacco products
Over-the-counter sales of out-of-state and counterfeit tax stamp cigarettes in New York City
Enhanced enforcement of retail sales of cigarettes is needed to ensure the full benefit of existing tobacco control laws in NYC
Diffusion of Impaired Driving Laws Among US States
Objectives. We examined internal and external determinants of state’s adoption of impaired driving laws. Methods. Data included 7 state-level, evidence-based public health laws collected from 1980 to 2010. We used event history analyses to identify predictors of first-time law adoption and subsequent adoption between state pairs. The independent variables were internal state factors, including the political environment, legislative professionalis…
That’s not how the learning works – the paradox of Reverse Innovation
BACKGROUND: There are significant differences in the meaning and use of the term 'Reverse Innovation' between industry circles, where the term originated, and health policy circles where the term has gained traction. It is often conflated with other popularized terms such as Frugal Innovation, Co-development and Trickle-up Innovation. Compared to its use in the industrial sector, this conceptualization of Reverse Innovation describes a more compl…
Changes in health care inequity in Brazil between 2008 and 2013
The results of this study support the claim that Brazil's population continued to see absolute gains in access to care despite recent economic crises. However, gains in equity have slowed and may even decline if investments are not maintained as the country enters deeper financial and political crises
Sisters doing it by themselves
Why have women chosen to conduct political protests without men? Does this choice have epistemological and practical validity for direct action in the 21st century? The paper mentions the background of the women-only direct action at Greenham, UK in the 1980s; this introduced NVDA to a British public accustomed to more deferential modes of protest, as well as encouraging many previously straight women towards other forms of sexuality. The identit…
Planned Parenthood Is Health Care, and Health Care Must Defend It
The article discusses the authors' call for the U.S. public health community to support the Planned Parenthood Federation of America Inc. (Planned Parenthood) health care organization as of 2017, and it mentions how various American states are threatening to defund Planned Parenthood health centers. Community health clinics and the U.S. Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act are examined, along with abortion services, influenza vaccinations, …
Impact of New York City’s 2014 Increased Minimum Legal Purchase Age on Youth Tobacco Use
Objectives. To assess the impact of New York City’s (NYC’s) 2014 increase of the minimum legal purchase age (MLPA) for tobacco and e-cigarettes from 18 to 21 years. Methods. We performed a difference-in-differences analysis comparing NYC to the rest of New York State by using repeated cross-sections of the New York Youth Tobacco Survey (2008–2016) and to 4 Florida cities by using the Youth Risk Behavior Surveys (2007–2015). Results. Adolescent to…
Dental Radiographs for Age Estimation in US Asylum Seekers
Unaccompanied migrant children seeking asylum status in the United States are often forced to undergo dental radiographs, or x-rays, to verify that they are younger than 18 years. The application of third molar dental radiographs is methodologically flawed and should not be employed as a determinant of chronological age. Furthermore, the use of such tests without obtaining informed consent from either the youth or an objective advocate is unethic…
Political science (25 obras) · Medicine (22 obras) · Business (13 obras) · Environmental health (13 obras) · Law (12 obras) · Public health (11 obras) · Computer Science (10 obras) · Economics (10 obras) · Nursing (10 obras) · Public relations (9 obras)