David F Gillespie
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 3582301 |
|---|---|
| NOME | David F Gillespie |
| PRENOMES | David F |
| SOBRENOME | Gillespie |
| ASSINATURA | GILLESPIE D F |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of Washington |
| VERIFICADO | Não |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 39 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 78 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 39 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1972 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2024 |
| ÍNDICE H | 5 |
The Effects of Problematic Internet Use and Emotional Connotation on Internet Slang Processing
Community Disaster Vulnerability
A test of stress theory
The purpose of this paper is to apply a stress model drawn from the literature to the relief and social service workers who have been active in refugee camps for a prolonged period of time. Working in difficult environments, social service workers deliver essential services to refugee populations around the world. A model of four work-stress determinants-tasks, management, appreciation and collaboration-was tested on 274 social workers in five re…
Modeling the mental health effects of victimization among homeless persons
Phrase Completion Scales
Valid and reliable measures are fundamental to advancing social science. Phrase completion scales were designed to provide enhanced psychometrics compared to Likert scales by more closely conforming to foundational measurement and statistical assumptions. This article tests the two approaches by examining responses (N = 134) to items formatted using the Likert approach with comparable items formatted using the phrase completion approach. An asses…
A Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Competing Values Instrument
The competing values framework (CVF) formulated by Quinn and his colleagues was developed to specify the criteria of organizational effectiveness and was later used to study a wide range of organizational phenomena such as culture and change. We extend this work by using structural equations modeling (LISREL) to (a) test the CVF and (b) refine a scale that identifies the extent to which managers and other organizational constituencies use the fra…
Mediation and moderation in social work research
Appropriate conceptual and statistical uses of mediation and moderation can facilitate building, explaining, and interpreting theory for social work research. In this article, mediation and moderation are defined, and examples of their inappropriate uses are highlighted. The distinctions between mediation and moderation are shown with recursive three-variable time-ordered models. The difference between partial and complete mediation is made clear…
Fitting regression models to research questions for analyzing change in nonexperimental research
This article discusses the problems associated with analyzing change in nonexperimental data. Three ordinary least squares regression models are presented and empirically tested to illustrate similarities and differences. Model one, based on raw difference change scores, applies best to studying change processes. Model two, based on outcome scores, applies best to assessing the consequences of change. Model three, based on residualized scores, ap…
Cracks in a postdisaster service delivery network
Poor linkage cracks are defined and identified empirically in a postdisaster service delivery network. These cracks exist when essential services are provided only by isolated or peripheral clusters of organizations. Network analysis is used to identify the isolated and peripheral clusters of organizations. Measures of experience in responding to disasters and service capacity are used to identify the organizations whose services are essential in…
Linking Disaster Preparedness and Organizational Response Effectiveness
An analytical model is developed to specify the relationship between organizational disaster preparedness and effective disaster response. Specifying this relationship clarifies the theoretical significance of the concept of preparedeness. The model shows how the concept of disaster preparedness. The model shows how the concept of disaster preparedenss applies to a broad range of social services when circumstances overwhelm the usual means of res…
Strategy and Organizational Disaster Preparedness
Strategy is introduced as a predictor of disaster preparedness. Tests with multiple regression show that strategy, disaster experience and capacity for disaster response are the strongest predictors of preparedness. We conclude that the measure of strategy warrants further refinement and that the study of preparedness must move from idiosyncratic, disconnected studies to a more theoretically organized set of studies that verify useful guidelines …
Social Network Analysis
Network analysis is presented as a useful extension of conventional forms of analysis. We introduce and illustrate basic features of network analysis. Reference materials are suggested and data from a network of 80 emergency service organizations are used to illustrate a matrix approach to network analysis. Our discussion shows how network analysis can complement standard modes of analysis to broaden and deepen the application of theories to soci…
Toward the Development of Quantitative Methods in Social Work Research
No abstract available for this article
Reliability and Bias in Categorizing Individual Client Problems
A number of clinical outcome measures based on individualized sets of client problems have been shown to be very useful in recent years. When such measures are employed, category schemes to organize these individualized problems are necessary for purposes of data analysis and presentation. Such category schemes must be reliable and valid. Questions of the psychometric adequacy of available category schemes have been virtually ignored. The study r…
Demographic Understanding of Volunteerism
A large sample of volunteers from a midwestern city chapter of the American Red Cross were studied to identify demographic correlates of the reasons given for volunteering. The findings suggest that the reasons people give for doing volunteer work are conditioned by their age, sex, and marital status. Implications for volunteer programs and future research are discussed
Causes of worker burnout
The Need for Research on Burnout
No abstract available for this article
Intra and Interorganizational Determinants of Decentralization
A model combining structural and interorganizational causes of the decentralization of decision-making was constructed to investigate the merits of intra versus interorganizational determinants of decentralization in organizations. Relationships in the model were estimated with data from a sample of American corporations. The estimated parameters of the model, despite high zero-order correlations for all relationships, suggested a more parsimonio…
Differentiation in Organizations
Journal Article Differentiation in Organizations: A Comment on Miller and Conaty Get access David F. Gillespie, David F. Gillespie Washington University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Dennis S. Mileti Dennis S. Mileti Colorado State University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Social Forces, Volume 60, Issue 4, June 1982, Pages 1172–1175, https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/6…
Technostructures and Interorganizational Relations
Heterogeneous Samples in Organizational Research
The utility of heterogeneous versus homogeneous samples in comparative organizational research is appraised through a path analytic comparison of the relationships between organizational size, spatial, vertical and horizontal differentiation established with samples representing different degrees of homo-heterogeneity. A causal model is estimated on data of 115 business and government organizations. The estimated parameters of the model are compa…
Correlates for Active and Passive Types of Burnout
An empirical approach to understanding burnout is presented. Data from 183 protective service workers revealed two types of burnout: active and passive. Correlation analyses suggest that active burnout is associated witb organizational factors or elements external to the professional; passive burnout appears to be associated with more internal social psychological factors. These findings help render consistent the variety of definitions offered i…
Status Concordance, Coordination, and Success in Interdisciplinary Research Terms
The dynamics of status concordance theory are explored in a heterogeneous sample of 67 ongoing interdisciplinary research teams in universities. This theory implies positive relationships between concordance and coordination, coordination and success, and a positive but spurious correlation between concordance and success. Our findings show coordination posi-tively related to success at all stages of team development; concordance positively relat…
Baseline Evaluation
Baseline evaluation is a form of evaluation procedure in which objectives related to several dimensions of response to a social problem are set externally in the form of federal standards. The standards form the baseline against which local provisions can be compared. The case example giving rise to the development and field testing of the baseline evaluation procedure was new Federal Standards on the Prevention, Identification and Treatment of C…
Action and Contingency Postulates in Organization-Environment Relations
Two models of organization-environment relations are examined. One postulates organizational structure or behavior as contingent on environments; organizations are viewed as adapting to environmental changes. Conversely, the second model postulates environments as dependent upon organizations; organizations are viewed as actively manipulating environments. The two alternative models are empirically assessed and compared on a heterogeneous sample …
Linking Disaster Preparedness and Organizational Response Effectiveness
An analytical model is developed to specify the relationship between organizational disaster preparedness and effective disaster response. Specifying this relationship clarifies the theoretical significance of the concept of preparedeness. The model shows how the concept of disaster preparedness. The model shows how the concept of disaster preparedenss applies to a broad range of social services when circumstances overwhelm the usual means of res…
Phrase Completion Scales
Valid and reliable measures are fundamental to advancing social science. Phrase completion scales were designed to provide enhanced psychometrics compared to Likert scales by more closely conforming to foundational measurement and statistical assumptions. This article tests the two approaches by examining responses (N = 134) to items formatted using the Likert approach with comparable items formatted using the phrase completion approach. An asses…
Cracks in a postdisaster service delivery network
Poor linkage cracks are defined and identified empirically in a postdisaster service delivery network. These cracks exist when essential services are provided only by isolated or peripheral clusters of organizations. Network analysis is used to identify the isolated and peripheral clusters of organizations. Measures of experience in responding to disasters and service capacity are used to identify the organizations whose services are essential in…
Modeling the mental health effects of victimization among homeless persons
An Integrated Formalization of Organization-Environment Interdependencies
A formal model is developed facilitating (1) an integration of theories dealing with organization-environment interaction, and (2) an explanation of how an organization's boundaries become increasingly permeated by the environment. It is argued that rates of change per se represent the principal impetus in promoting adaptive exchanges between an organization and its environment, both for long-term (evolutionary) and short-term (mutational) change…
System Stress and the Persistence* of Emergent Organizations
A model facilitating the prediction of organizational persistence or dissolution is presented through a series of propositions. Environmental change, community demands for service, organizational capacity, formalization, and task orientations are identified as important dimensions in determining the probability of organizational emergence, maintenance, or demise. The emergence and development of Neighbors in Need (NIN); a Seattle, Washington base…
Sociology of Popular Culture
Demographic Understanding of Volunteerism
A large sample of volunteers from a midwestern city chapter of the American Red Cross were studied to identify demographic correlates of the reasons given for volunteering. The findings suggest that the reasons people give for doing volunteer work are conditioned by their age, sex, and marital status. Implications for volunteer programs and future research are discussed
Strategy and Organizational Disaster Preparedness
Strategy is introduced as a predictor of disaster preparedness. Tests with multiple regression show that strategy, disaster experience and capacity for disaster response are the strongest predictors of preparedness. We conclude that the measure of strategy warrants further refinement and that the study of preparedness must move from idiosyncratic, disconnected studies to a more theoretically organized set of studies that verify useful guidelines …
Reliability and Bias in Categorizing Individual Client Problems
A number of clinical outcome measures based on individualized sets of client problems have been shown to be very useful in recent years. When such measures are employed, category schemes to organize these individualized problems are necessary for purposes of data analysis and presentation. Such category schemes must be reliable and valid. Questions of the psychometric adequacy of available category schemes have been virtually ignored. The study r…
A test of stress theory
The purpose of this paper is to apply a stress model drawn from the literature to the relief and social service workers who have been active in refugee camps for a prolonged period of time. Working in difficult environments, social service workers deliver essential services to refugee populations around the world. A model of four work-stress determinants-tasks, management, appreciation and collaboration-was tested on 274 social workers in five re…
Mediation and moderation in social work research
Appropriate conceptual and statistical uses of mediation and moderation can facilitate building, explaining, and interpreting theory for social work research. In this article, mediation and moderation are defined, and examples of their inappropriate uses are highlighted. The distinctions between mediation and moderation are shown with recursive three-variable time-ordered models. The difference between partial and complete mediation is made clear…
Social Network Analysis
Network analysis is presented as a useful extension of conventional forms of analysis. We introduce and illustrate basic features of network analysis. Reference materials are suggested and data from a network of 80 emergency service organizations are used to illustrate a matrix approach to network analysis. Our discussion shows how network analysis can complement standard modes of analysis to broaden and deepen the application of theories to soci…
Heterogeneous Samples in Organizational Research
The utility of heterogeneous versus homogeneous samples in comparative organizational research is appraised through a path analytic comparison of the relationships between organizational size, spatial, vertical and horizontal differentiation established with samples representing different degrees of homo-heterogeneity. A causal model is estimated on data of 115 business and government organizations. The estimated parameters of the model are compa…
Correlates for Active and Passive Types of Burnout
An empirical approach to understanding burnout is presented. Data from 183 protective service workers revealed two types of burnout: active and passive. Correlation analyses suggest that active burnout is associated witb organizational factors or elements external to the professional; passive burnout appears to be associated with more internal social psychological factors. These findings help render consistent the variety of definitions offered i…
Status Concordance, Coordination, and Success in Interdisciplinary Research Terms
The dynamics of status concordance theory are explored in a heterogeneous sample of 67 ongoing interdisciplinary research teams in universities. This theory implies positive relationships between concordance and coordination, coordination and success, and a positive but spurious correlation between concordance and success. Our findings show coordination posi-tively related to success at all stages of team development; concordance positively relat…
Organizational Adaptations to Changing Cultural Contingencies
An integrated conceptual framework acceptable across different disciplines and theoretical perspectives is presented. The scheme promotes one aspect of organizational environments, the cultural context, as crucial to explaining organizational structure or behavior. By crosstabulating member consensus and community consensus consistent predictions regarding survival, 'character,' and goal behavior are achieved for a diverse range of case studies. …
Collective Stress and Community Transformation
The research on emergent organizations indicates that they arise during periods of collective stress, serve as transitory social systems providing neglected community inputs and, then, dissolve after the troublesome period has passed (Haas and Drabek, 1973:6; Taylor et. al., 1970:79-108). Quarantelli (1970:4), however, has pointed out that only '... some emergent groups cease to exist when the immediate crisis is over, whereas others become part …
Fitting regression models to research questions for analyzing change in nonexperimental research
This article discusses the problems associated with analyzing change in nonexperimental data. Three ordinary least squares regression models are presented and empirically tested to illustrate similarities and differences. Model one, based on raw difference change scores, applies best to studying change processes. Model two, based on outcome scores, applies best to assessing the consequences of change. Model three, based on residualized scores, ap…
Causes of worker burnout
Intra and Interorganizational Determinants of Decentralization
A model combining structural and interorganizational causes of the decentralization of decision-making was constructed to investigate the merits of intra versus interorganizational determinants of decentralization in organizations. Relationships in the model were estimated with data from a sample of American corporations. The estimated parameters of the model, despite high zero-order correlations for all relationships, suggested a more parsimonio…
Action and Contingency Postulates in Organization-Environment Relations
Two models of organization-environment relations are examined. One postulates organizational structure or behavior as contingent on environments; organizations are viewed as adapting to environmental changes. Conversely, the second model postulates environments as dependent upon organizations; organizations are viewed as actively manipulating environments. The two alternative models are empirically assessed and compared on a heterogeneous sample …
Technology and Organizations
The relationship between complex organizations and technology is a matter of increasing importance. Its importance derives from the recognition that modern society is increasingly an organizational society and also a technological society.' Historians, sociologists, social psychologists, and economists have produced an impressive literature documenting the nature and degrees of technological change. But, due to the involvement of different discip…
Size and Structure in Complex Organizations
A path model of structural change and growth for complex organizations was constructed to investigate relationships between organizational size and spatial, vertical, and horizontal complexity. It was estimated using data from a heterogeneous sample of federal and state agencies located in California. The findings alter and extend the explanatory scheme and the generalizability of Blau's formal theory of differentiation, as well as recent modific…
The Influence of an Organizational Environment on Interorganizational Relations
Sociology of Popular Culture
The Conquest of Society
Collective Stress and Community Transformation
The research on emergent organizations indicates that they arise during periods of collective stress, serve as transitory social systems providing neglected community inputs and, then, dissolve after the troublesome period has passed (Haas and Drabek, 1973:6; Taylor et. al., 1970:79-108). Quarantelli (1970:4), however, has pointed out that only '... some emergent groups cease to exist when the immediate crisis is over, whereas others become part …
An Integrative Approach to the Study of Organizational Technology, Structure and Behaviour
System Stress and the Persistence* of Emergent Organizations
A model facilitating the prediction of organizational persistence or dissolution is presented through a series of propositions. Environmental change, community demands for service, organizational capacity, formalization, and task orientations are identified as important dimensions in determining the probability of organizational emergence, maintenance, or demise. The emergence and development of Neighbors in Need (NIN); a Seattle, Washington base…
The Influence of an Organizational Environment on Interorganizational Relations
Technology and the Conflict of Professionals in Bureaucratic Organizations
This paper reports upon a secondary analysis of Richard Hall's (1968) data, indicating that two major trends—the increasing professionalization of the labor force and the increasing bureaucratization of organizations—are not necessarily incompatible. Because the bureaucratic and professional models imply different forms of organization, most research has been directed toward isolating the sources of conflict; the major emphasis being upon the inc…
The Analytic Use of Case Study Materials
Attitudinal variables as estimates of behavior
Discusses the current status of the controversy about the relationship between individual's attitudes and subsequent behavior. It is suggested that one step toward the resolution of the existing controversy is the construction of a formal theory, specifying and integrating variables other than attitude into the framework. To this end, a model (in propositional form) is advanced focusing on attitude, centrality and salience as determinants of acti…
An Integrated Formalization of Organization-Environment Interdependencies
A formal model is developed facilitating (1) an integration of theories dealing with organization-environment interaction, and (2) an explanation of how an organization's boundaries become increasingly permeated by the environment. It is argued that rates of change per se represent the principal impetus in promoting adaptive exchanges between an organization and its environment, both for long-term (evolutionary) and short-term (mutational) change…
Organizational Adaptations to Changing Cultural Contingencies
An integrated conceptual framework acceptable across different disciplines and theoretical perspectives is presented. The scheme promotes one aspect of organizational environments, the cultural context, as crucial to explaining organizational structure or behavior. By crosstabulating member consensus and community consensus consistent predictions regarding survival, 'character,' and goal behavior are achieved for a diverse range of case studies. …
Size and Structure in Complex Organizations
A path model of structural change and growth for complex organizations was constructed to investigate relationships between organizational size and spatial, vertical, and horizontal complexity. It was estimated using data from a heterogeneous sample of federal and state agencies located in California. The findings alter and extend the explanatory scheme and the generalizability of Blau's formal theory of differentiation, as well as recent modific…
Themes from Work Organization Research Applied to Social Service Settings
No abstract available for this article
Technology and Organizations
The relationship between complex organizations and technology is a matter of increasing importance. Its importance derives from the recognition that modern society is increasingly an organizational society and also a technological society.' Historians, sociologists, social psychologists, and economists have produced an impressive literature documenting the nature and degrees of technological change. But, due to the involvement of different discip…
Baseline Evaluation
Baseline evaluation is a form of evaluation procedure in which objectives related to several dimensions of response to a social problem are set externally in the form of federal standards. The standards form the baseline against which local provisions can be compared. The case example giving rise to the development and field testing of the baseline evaluation procedure was new Federal Standards on the Prevention, Identification and Treatment of C…
Action and Contingency Postulates in Organization-Environment Relations
Two models of organization-environment relations are examined. One postulates organizational structure or behavior as contingent on environments; organizations are viewed as adapting to environmental changes. Conversely, the second model postulates environments as dependent upon organizations; organizations are viewed as actively manipulating environments. The two alternative models are empirically assessed and compared on a heterogeneous sample …
Correlates for Active and Passive Types of Burnout
An empirical approach to understanding burnout is presented. Data from 183 protective service workers revealed two types of burnout: active and passive. Correlation analyses suggest that active burnout is associated witb organizational factors or elements external to the professional; passive burnout appears to be associated with more internal social psychological factors. These findings help render consistent the variety of definitions offered i…
Status Concordance, Coordination, and Success in Interdisciplinary Research Terms
The dynamics of status concordance theory are explored in a heterogeneous sample of 67 ongoing interdisciplinary research teams in universities. This theory implies positive relationships between concordance and coordination, coordination and success, and a positive but spurious correlation between concordance and success. Our findings show coordination posi-tively related to success at all stages of team development; concordance positively relat…
Technostructures and Interorganizational Relations
Heterogeneous Samples in Organizational Research
The utility of heterogeneous versus homogeneous samples in comparative organizational research is appraised through a path analytic comparison of the relationships between organizational size, spatial, vertical and horizontal differentiation established with samples representing different degrees of homo-heterogeneity. A causal model is estimated on data of 115 business and government organizations. The estimated parameters of the model are compa…
Intra and Interorganizational Determinants of Decentralization
A model combining structural and interorganizational causes of the decentralization of decision-making was constructed to investigate the merits of intra versus interorganizational determinants of decentralization in organizations. Relationships in the model were estimated with data from a sample of American corporations. The estimated parameters of the model, despite high zero-order correlations for all relationships, suggested a more parsimonio…
Differentiation in Organizations
Journal Article Differentiation in Organizations: A Comment on Miller and Conaty Get access David F. Gillespie, David F. Gillespie Washington University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Dennis S. Mileti Dennis S. Mileti Colorado State University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Social Forces, Volume 60, Issue 4, June 1982, Pages 1172–1175, https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/6…
Causes of worker burnout
The Need for Research on Burnout
No abstract available for this article
Demographic Understanding of Volunteerism
A large sample of volunteers from a midwestern city chapter of the American Red Cross were studied to identify demographic correlates of the reasons given for volunteering. The findings suggest that the reasons people give for doing volunteer work are conditioned by their age, sex, and marital status. Implications for volunteer programs and future research are discussed
Computer Science (20 obras) · Psychology (20 obras) · Sociology (20 obras) · Political science (16 obras) · Business (11 obras) · Economics (9 obras) · Engineering (9 obras) · Medicine (8 obras) · Knowledge management (7 obras) · Mathematics (7 obras)