Paul C Buckland
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 3585237 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Paul C Buckland |
| PRENOMES | Paul C |
| SOBRENOME | Buckland |
| ASSINATURA | BUCKLAND P C |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of Sheffield |
| VERIFICADO | Não |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 50 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 271 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 50 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1974 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2024 |
| ÍNDICE H | 8 |
An Altar from Marton, Lincolnshire, and a Soldier of Leg. XI Claudia in Britain
An altar to Mars dedicated by a soldier of legio XI Claudia is shown to have been removed from the fabric of Marton church during restoration work and, along with much of the other stone for the Romanesque tower, nave and chancel probably derived from the Roman small town of Segelocum , Littleborough on Trent. The name of the dedicator, G. IVLIVS ANTONINUS, is discussed in the context of legio XI Claudia deployment on the Lower Danube
Paleoentomology
Thule Inuit environmental impacts on Kangeq, southwest Greenland
When a ‘Waterhole’ Is Full of Dung
Prehistoric field systems sometimes encompass excavated, pit‐like features which are difficult to classify due to the complex stratigraphies resulting from reuse, infilling and collapse. They are frequently classified as wells and watering holes, but other potential uses for excavated depressions are rarely cited. We argue the need for environmental archaeology in the interpretation of features of this nature, and present a case study from a Bron…
Paleoentomology
Caught in a trap
The utility of livestock dung for reconstructing recent ethnological and environmental histories
Animal dung is evaluated here as a tool to reconstruct recent societal and environmental changes. Studies completed on the macro- and micro-contents from dung deposited in a mountain cave in Catalonia during the 1970–1980s, preceding the socio-economic changes in the area, was supplemented by the testimony of the last shepherd alive in the area. This information was also compared with evidence from aerial photographs of the area surrounding the c…
The Farmstead and its Environment
The Farmstead and its Environment
The Coleoptera Remains from Toftanes
Irrigation at Garðar, SW Greenland and its North European context
Integrating human dimensions of Arctic palaeoenvironmental science
Vegetational response to human colonisation of the coastal and volcanic environments of Ketilsstaðir, southern Iceland
Tephra-dated, high-resolution pollen profiles from Ketilsstaðir, southern Iceland, indicate a largely unwooded pre-settlement environment, a probable consequence of the exposed coastal location. The degree of change associated with the Norse landnám is more limited than in many Icelandic pollen diagrams. There are three main periods of change in the post-settlement vegetational development of the area. Firstly, Norse settlement affected the hydro…
Palaeoecological and historical evidence for manuring and irrigation at Garðar (Igaliku), Norse Eastern Settlement, Greenland
Palaeoenvironmental data are presented from the site of Garðar (modern Igaliku), the location of the cathedral and the bishop's farm in the Norse Eastern Settlement of Greenland. The latter was founded from c. AD 985 and abandoned some time during the fifteenth century. Inspection of drainage ditches located in close proximity to the settlement ruins revealed inter alia an organic-rich unit containing cultural debris (worked wood, animal bone, st…
Underneath Ranefer's floors – urban environments on the desert edge
The Chironomidae of Gróthúsvatn, Sandoy, Faroe Islands
Chironomids were examined as part of a multiproxy palaeolimnological study of Gróthúsvatn, Sandoy, Faroe Islands. A total of 37 taxa was found in the top 1 m of the core. Chironomid-inferred total phosphorus and temperature reconstructions indicate that after landnám (the Norse settlement period) total phosphorus levels rose slightly, then peaked at a temperature minimum (interpreted as the `Little Ice Age'). Total phosphorus levels subsequently …
The Work of Giants
The Norse landnám on the North Atlantic islands
The Norse colonisation or landnám of the North Atlantic islands of the Faroes, Iceland, and Greenland from the ninth century AD onwards provides opportunities to examine human environmental impacts on ‘pristine’ landscapes on an environmental gradient from warmer, more maritime conditions in the east to colder, more continental conditions in the west. This paper considers key environmental contrasts across the Atlantic and initial settlement impa…
Viking and Medieval Settlement in the Faroes
Toftanes
Is There Anybody Out There? A Reconsideration of the Environmental Evidence from the Breiddin Hillfort, Powys, Wales
Researchers have often assumed that the Iron Age hillforts of the Welsh borders were densely occupied centres of population. One of these is the Breiddin, occupied in the Late Bronze Age and Iron Age, which was excavated in 1969–76. At its centre was a natural water reservoir, Buckbean Pond, which provided a radiocarbon dated sequence of deposition contemporary with the later prehistoric occupation of the hillfort. The beetle assemblage from thes…
Reykholt-Archaeological Investigations at a High Status Farm in Western Iceland
The Impact of Tephra
Holt in Eyjafjallasveit, Iceland
They did not Live by Grass Alone
Raiding the Landscape
Interdisciplinary investigations of the end of the Norse Western Settlement in Greenland
The loss of the Norse Western Settlement in Greenland around the mid-fourteenth century has long been taken as a prime example of the impact of changing climate on human populations. This study employs an interdisciplinary approach combining historical documents, detailed archaeological investigations, and a high-resolution proxy climate record from the Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 (GISP2) to investigate possible causes for the end of this settl…
Palaeoecological and historical evidence for manuring and irrigation at Garðar (Igaliku), Norse Eastern Settlement, Greenland
Palaeoenvironmental data are presented from the site of Garðar (modern Igaliku), the location of the cathedral and the bishop's farm in the Norse Eastern Settlement of Greenland. The latter was founded from c. AD 985 and abandoned some time during the fifteenth century. Inspection of drainage ditches located in close proximity to the settlement ruins revealed inter alia an organic-rich unit containing cultural debris (worked wood, animal bone, st…
The Norse landnám on the North Atlantic islands
The Norse colonisation or landnám of the North Atlantic islands of the Faroes, Iceland, and Greenland from the ninth century AD onwards provides opportunities to examine human environmental impacts on ‘pristine’ landscapes on an environmental gradient from warmer, more maritime conditions in the east to colder, more continental conditions in the west. This paper considers key environmental contrasts across the Atlantic and initial settlement impa…
They did not Live by Grass Alone
It is perhaps a truism to state that the further north the community, the more the diet is likely to be dominated by animal products. Whilst barley (bygg) was grown in the Northern Isles, the Faroes and Iceland (Fenton 1978;Fridriksson 1960),cultivation declined in many parts of the region through the late medieval period. Wild lyme grass (Leymus arenarius) was harvested and eaten as a cereal in parts of Iceland (Guomundsson 1996).Most Norse Gree…
Icelandic volcanic ash and the mid- Holocene Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) pollen decline in northern Scotland
A volcanic ash-layer in peat from northern Scotland has been identified and coincides exactly with an abrupt decline in Pinus sylvestris L. (Scots pine) pollen frequencies. This provides an isochrone (time-equivalent marker horizon) with which to investigate the timing of the Holocene 'pine-decline'. Furthermore, two possible causes of the southward shift of the range of Pinus in Scotland c. 4000 BP are suggested; a direct effect of acid pollutio…
Viking and Medieval Settlement in the Faroes
Bioarchaeological and climatological evidence for the fate of Norse farmers in medieval Greenland
Greenland, far north land of the Atlantic, has often been beyond the limit of European farming settlement. One of its Norse settlements, colonized just before AD 1000, is - astonishingly - not even at the southern tip, but a way up the west coast, the 'Western Settlement'. Environmental studies show why its occupation came to an end within five centuries, leaving Greenland once more a place of Arctic-adapted hunters
Toftanes
Ulvs Xvii
This study documents the sediments, pollen, seeds, molluscs, vertebrates and mineral magnetism of deposits found in an abandoned water supply system at gasr Mm 10 in the Wadi Mimoun in the pre-desert of Tripolitania. These new data suggest (1) at or close to an episode of probable abandonment of that gasr , the growth of cereals (and perhaps general agricultural activity) still occurred on the wadi catchment upstream of the gasr , and (2) the veg…
Excavations in York, 1972–1973
The first year's campaign of rescue excavations by York Archaeological Trust is described. A sewer and part of a substantial building, perhaps the baths, were located within the Roman legionary fortress, and the sequence of defensive ditches on the south-west front was examined. Extra-mural settlement near the fortress was also examined in two places. Four small trenches in the heart of Anglo-Scandinavian York revealed 10 m of deposits including …
Underneath Ranefer's floors – urban environments on the desert edge
They did not Live by Grass Alone
The application of numerical techniques to insect assemblages from the site of Stóraborg, Iceland
Bronze Age myths? Volcanic activity and human response in the Mediterranean and North Atlantic regions
A first rule of statistics is that the existence of a correlation does not itself prove a causal connection. This is the heart of the recurrent question in later European prehistory — whether in the Mediterranean or in the Atlantic northwest — about volcanic eruptions, their impact on climate, and then of the climatic impact on human populations. The burial under tephra of the Late Bronze Age settlement of Santorini is proof of a particular catas…
Norsemen at Nipáitsoq, Greenland
The examination of Norse farm sites in Greenland has been taking place for nearly a century, and a reasonable picture has been built up from several disciplines of the nature of the settlements. There has, however, been little integration of the research between the various scientists. Using the example of a recent interdisciplinary palaeoecological study at Nipáitsoq in the Western Settlement, this paper summarizes the interrelated results of th…
The Iron Age Enclosures and Prehistoric Landscape of Sutton Common, South Yorkshire
The Early Iron Age enclosures and associated sites on Sutton Common on the western edge of the Humberhead Levels contain an exceptional variety of archaeological data of importance not only to the region but for the study of later prehistory in the British Isles. Few other later prehistoric British sites outside the East Anglian fens and the Somerset Levels have thus far produced the quantity and quality of organically preserved archaeological ma…
York
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Caught in a trap
The Chironomidae of Gróthúsvatn, Sandoy, Faroe Islands
Chironomids were examined as part of a multiproxy palaeolimnological study of Gróthúsvatn, Sandoy, Faroe Islands. A total of 37 taxa was found in the top 1 m of the core. Chironomid-inferred total phosphorus and temperature reconstructions indicate that after landnám (the Norse settlement period) total phosphorus levels rose slightly, then peaked at a temperature minimum (interpreted as the `Little Ice Age'). Total phosphorus levels subsequently …
Rameses II and the tobacco beetle
The use of a wide range of narcotic drugs in antiquity has been widely documented, although archaeologists have sometimes been too credulous of apparently scientific data, and have failed to appreciate the post-excavation histories of artefacts, including mummies. This paper examines the discovery of tobacco in the mummy of Rameses II, provides an alternative model for its origin, as a 19th-century insecticide used in conservation, and throws dou…
Cimex lectularius L., the common bed bug from Pharaonic Egypt
Bed bugs have been troubling humans for at least 3550 years, as shown by examples from Tell el-Amarna. Here we report on the bug's habits and history, as revealed by archaeology
Palaeoecological Evidence for Possible Pre-European Settlement in the Falkland Islands
A lepidopterous cocoon from Thera and evidence for silk in the Aegean Bronze Age
What were the fine garments vividly painted in the Minoan frescoes made of? Fine cotton (cotton from Egypt is still prized today)? Or the yet finer fabric of silk? And if silk, where did the stuff, or knowledge of cultivating the silk-worms, come from? A cocoon from Santorini offers new evidence
Holocene comment and reply
In response to a paper by Blackford et al. (1992) which showed a coincidence between the deposition of Hekla-4 tephra and a decline of Pinus pollen in two northern Scottish sites, Hall et al. (1994) investigated the tephra/pine pollen relationship at two sites in Northern Ireland. We argue that their sites are inappropriate for such comparison because pine was effectively absent from Co. Antrim long before the deposition of Hekla-4. The opportuni…
Archaeology and environment in York
Excavations in York, 1972–1973
The first year's campaign of rescue excavations by York Archaeological Trust is described. A sewer and part of a substantial building, perhaps the baths, were located within the Roman legionary fortress, and the sequence of defensive ditches on the south-west front was examined. Extra-mural settlement near the fortress was also examined in two places. Four small trenches in the heart of Anglo-Scandinavian York revealed 10 m of deposits including …
York
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
The interpretation of a group of Saxon pits in Southampton
Norsemen at Nipáitsoq, Greenland
The examination of Norse farm sites in Greenland has been taking place for nearly a century, and a reasonable picture has been built up from several disciplines of the nature of the settlements. There has, however, been little integration of the research between the various scientists. Using the example of a recent interdisciplinary palaeoecological study at Nipáitsoq in the Western Settlement, this paper summarizes the interrelated results of th…
The application of numerical techniques to insect assemblages from the site of Stóraborg, Iceland
Ulvs Xvii
This study documents the sediments, pollen, seeds, molluscs, vertebrates and mineral magnetism of deposits found in an abandoned water supply system at gasr Mm 10 in the Wadi Mimoun in the pre-desert of Tripolitania. These new data suggest (1) at or close to an episode of probable abandonment of that gasr , the growth of cereals (and perhaps general agricultural activity) still occurred on the wadi catchment upstream of the gasr , and (2) the veg…
The Archaeology of Doncaster
Non Isatis Sed Vitrum Or, the Colour of Lindow Man
As part of the examination of the fragments of a further human body recovered from Lindow Bog, Cheshire, samples of skin were examined using electron probe X‐ray micro‐analysis. The ionic composition showed an excess of aluminium, silica and copper, with traces of titanium and zinc. These are interpreted as the residues of clay‐based copper and other pigments applied to the body. The literary evidence of the use of body paint amongst the Britons …
Icelandic volcanic ash and the mid- Holocene Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) pollen decline in northern Scotland
A volcanic ash-layer in peat from northern Scotland has been identified and coincides exactly with an abrupt decline in Pinus sylvestris L. (Scots pine) pollen frequencies. This provides an isochrone (time-equivalent marker horizon) with which to investigate the timing of the Holocene 'pine-decline'. Furthermore, two possible causes of the southward shift of the range of Pinus in Scotland c. 4000 BP are suggested; a direct effect of acid pollutio…
Lecture Summaries
Six lecture summaries:The Northumbrian church at WhithornMonuments on record: the work of the Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland at the end of the 20th centuryCanadian Ethnology and the Wilson BrothersFleas, Flies and Farmers, an entomology of archaeologyHigh Society on the Antonine frontierA history of the Arts & Crafts movement in Edinburgh, 1885-1939
Natural insecticides and insect repellents in antiquity
Excavations at Pluscarden Priory, Moray
This report, prefaced by a brief history of Pluscarden Priory, and by a description of the church, describes excavations on the western side of the Priory. Features investigated include the western end of the nave, a series of burials, a stone-lined pit containing a rich organic deposit, and walls associated with the medieval monastic complex. The excavation was arranged and funded by Historic Scotland
Holocene comment and reply
In response to a paper by Blackford et al. (1992) which showed a coincidence between the deposition of Hekla-4 tephra and a decline of Pinus pollen in two northern Scottish sites, Hall et al. (1994) investigated the tephra/pine pollen relationship at two sites in Northern Ireland. We argue that their sites are inappropriate for such comparison because pine was effectively absent from Co. Antrim long before the deposition of Hekla-4. The opportuni…
Bioarchaeological and climatological evidence for the fate of Norse farmers in medieval Greenland
Greenland, far north land of the Atlantic, has often been beyond the limit of European farming settlement. One of its Norse settlements, colonized just before AD 1000, is - astonishingly - not even at the southern tip, but a way up the west coast, the 'Western Settlement'. Environmental studies show why its occupation came to an end within five centuries, leaving Greenland once more a place of Arctic-adapted hunters
Interdisciplinary investigations of the end of the Norse Western Settlement in Greenland
The loss of the Norse Western Settlement in Greenland around the mid-fourteenth century has long been taken as a prime example of the impact of changing climate on human populations. This study employs an interdisciplinary approach combining historical documents, detailed archaeological investigations, and a high-resolution proxy climate record from the Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 (GISP2) to investigate possible causes for the end of this settl…
The Iron Age Enclosures and Prehistoric Landscape of Sutton Common, South Yorkshire
The Early Iron Age enclosures and associated sites on Sutton Common on the western edge of the Humberhead Levels contain an exceptional variety of archaeological data of importance not only to the region but for the study of later prehistory in the British Isles. Few other later prehistoric British sites outside the East Anglian fens and the Somerset Levels have thus far produced the quantity and quality of organically preserved archaeological ma…
Bronze Age myths? Volcanic activity and human response in the Mediterranean and North Atlantic regions
A first rule of statistics is that the existence of a correlation does not itself prove a causal connection. This is the heart of the recurrent question in later European prehistory — whether in the Mediterranean or in the Atlantic northwest — about volcanic eruptions, their impact on climate, and then of the climatic impact on human populations. The burial under tephra of the Late Bronze Age settlement of Santorini is proof of a particular catas…
A lepidopterous cocoon from Thera and evidence for silk in the Aegean Bronze Age
What were the fine garments vividly painted in the Minoan frescoes made of? Fine cotton (cotton from Egypt is still prized today)? Or the yet finer fabric of silk? And if silk, where did the stuff, or knowledge of cultivating the silk-worms, come from? A cocoon from Santorini offers new evidence
Raiding the Landscape
They did not Live by Grass Alone
It is perhaps a truism to state that the further north the community, the more the diet is likely to be dominated by animal products. Whilst barley (bygg) was grown in the Northern Isles, the Faroes and Iceland (Fenton 1978;Fridriksson 1960),cultivation declined in many parts of the region through the late medieval period. Wild lyme grass (Leymus arenarius) was harvested and eaten as a cereal in parts of Iceland (Guomundsson 1996).Most Norse Gree…
Palaeoecological Evidence for Possible Pre-European Settlement in the Falkland Islands
A Scottish speleothem record of the H-3 eruption or human impact? A comment on Baker, Smart, Barnes, Edwards and Farrant
Studies of a stalagmite sample from Sutherland, Scotland, have identified a period of enhanced growth that lasted for four years and has been dated to 1135 ± 130 BC (Baker et al., 1995). This episode is unique within this sample and has not been observed elsewhere. The authors correlate it with the Icelandic volcanic eruption at 1021 + 130/-100 Bc that produced the Hekla-3 (H-3) tephra. There is, however, no direct evidence for a causal relations…
Cimex lectularius L., the common bed bug from Pharaonic Egypt
Bed bugs have been troubling humans for at least 3550 years, as shown by examples from Tell el-Amarna. Here we report on the bug's habits and history, as revealed by archaeology
Is There Anybody Out There? A Reconsideration of the Environmental Evidence from the Breiddin Hillfort, Powys, Wales
Researchers have often assumed that the Iron Age hillforts of the Welsh borders were densely occupied centres of population. One of these is the Breiddin, occupied in the Late Bronze Age and Iron Age, which was excavated in 1969–76. At its centre was a natural water reservoir, Buckbean Pond, which provided a radiocarbon dated sequence of deposition contemporary with the later prehistoric occupation of the hillfort. The beetle assemblage from thes…
Archaeology (44 obras) · Geography (37 obras) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (23 obras) · History (23 obras) · Geology and Paleoclimatology Research (21 obras) · Biology (20 obras) · Geology (16 obras) · Ecology (13 obras) · History (12 obras) · Ancient history (11 obras)