Mark Edwards
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 3594414 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Mark Edwards |
| PRENOMES | Mark |
| SOBRENOME | Edwards |
| ASSINATURA | EDWARDS M |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Oregon State University |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-7457-4793 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 117 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 115 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 113 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 4 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1985 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 5 |
Cold War Liberalism
In the mid-twentieth century, Cold War liberalism exerted a profound influence on the US state, US foreign policy, and liberal thought across the North Atlantic world. The essays in this volume examine the history of this important ideology from a variety of perspectives. Whereas most prior works that analyze Cold War liberalism have focused on small groupings of canonical intellectuals, this book explores how the ideology transformed politics, s…
Exchange on the History of American Liberal Protestantism
This exchange began in Chicago as a roundtable at the American Society for Church History’s annual conference in January 2026. It brought together scholars whose work has pushed the study of American liberal Protestantism in pathbreaking directions. In Chicago, we discussed how we came to study liberal Protestantism, how we defined the boundaries of this community, how we understood its place in American history and the history of liberalism, and…
Trust in Atonement. God, Creation, and Reconciliation by Teresa Morgan, Grand Rapids
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A meta-analysis on the relationship between subjective cognitive failures as measured by the cognitive failures questionnaire (CFQ) and objective performance on executive function tasks
The Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ) has been widely used as a measure of subjective cognitive function in everyday life for decades. However, the evidence on how it relates to objective performance on executive function tasks is mixed. One possible reason for these mixed results is that the CFQ has selective relationships with some aspects of executive function and not others. Here, therefore, we classified tasks according to an influentia…
A registered conceptual replication and extension of Gable and Harmon-Jones (2008)
How do emotion and motivation affect the breadth of attention? Competing theoretical accounts propose that valence (pleasantness) or motivational intensity (strength of the urge to approach/avoid) drive changes in attentional breadth. Seminal work by Gable and Harmon-Jones (Gable, P. A., & Harmon-Jones, E. (2008). Approach-motivated positive affect reduces breadth of attention. Psychological Science, 19(5), 476–482, Study 2) found that pictures o…
Protestant Modernity in Iran
Race for Revival
Reduced low-prevalence visual search detriment with increasing age
When performing multiple successive visual searches, low-prevalence targets are at elevated risk of being missed. This has important implications for real-world visual search tasks, such as diagnostic medical imaging (e.g., searching for a cancer) and airport baggage security screening (e.g., searching for a weapon), which are characterized by low-prevalence targets and potentially dire consequences of target misses. Previous work on low-prevalen…
Broad attention does not buffer the impact of emotionally salient stimuli on performance
It has been claimed that a broad attentional breadth buffers the impact of negative stimuli on human perception and cognition. Here we identify issues with the research on which this claim is based, and then rigorously test the claim. To induce narrow versus broad attentional breadth participants attended to the local versus global elements of Navon stimuli, and to investigate the impact of emotionally salient stimuli on performance we measured t…
Individual differences in emotional reactions to bistable perception
OBJECTIVE: To assess whether there are individual differences in emotional reactions to bistable images, and if so, to identify some of the psychological factors that predict them. BACKGROUND: Bistable images - which have two competing perceptual interpretations - have long been used in the scientific study of consciousness. Here we applied a different lens and investigated emotional reactions to them. Method Participants were adult humans in a c…
Four best-practice recommendations for improving the conceptualization and operationalization of motivational intensity
Replies to the comments made by Kaczmarek and Harmon-Jones (see record 2024-44184-002) on the current authors original article (see record 2021-21096-001). Kaczmarek and Harmon-Jones (2023) provide a commentary on our original empirical piece, does motivational intensity exist distinct from valence and arousal? (Campbell et al., 2021). In this response, we articulate the motivation behind our work, including the major issues with the conceptualiz…
The Christianity of Latin Christian Poetry
This chapter examines the poems of Juvencus, Prudentius, and Ausonius, not primarily as specimens of a late-antique aesthetics, but as instruments for the propagation of religious knowledge and the consolidation of Christian hegemony through the appropriation of pagan tools of art. The poems will be considered both as vehicles of acculturation and as objects of culture in their own right, expressing and fostering a new sense of moral and politica…
Political Party and Policy Choices
Although the majority of studies on the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) examine determinants of caseload size, we identify drivers of variation in SNAP participation rates between states, with a special focus on state-level political dynamics and policy implementation choices made by states. Using a panel regression analysis of state-specific administrative policies, as well as political and demographic variables spanning a 20-ye…
Defining ideology in American history, Joseph Fletcher Prize Forum
Additional informationNotes on contributorsMark EdwardsMark Edwards is Professor of US History and Politics at Spring Arbor University. He is the author of The Right of the Protestant Left: God’s Totalitarianism (2012), Faith and Foreign Affairs in the American Century (2019) and Walter Lippmann: American Skeptic, American Pastor (2023). In 2018, he was a Fulbright Senior Scholar to Hankuk University of Foreign Studies in Korea
Understanding Public Preferences for Policing Homeless Individuals in the United States
The United States has a large and growing homeless population. In the name of public order, municipalities across the country have criminalized behaviors associated with homeless people in public spaces (e.g. panhandling) and tasked police with responding to violations. What should police do in these encounters? This study reports on a nationwide survey experiment that asked US residents whether police should arrest, help, or ignore a homeless in…
The Oxford Handbook of Dionysius the Areopagite
The handbook contains forty essays by over thirty contributors from various universities on the antecedents, the content, and the reception of the Dionysian corpus, a body of writings falsely ascribed to Dionysius the Areopagite, a convert of St Paul, but actually written about ad 500. The first section contains discussions of the genesis of the corpus, its Christian antecedents, and its Neoplatonic influences. In the second section, studies on t…
Oxford Handbook of Dionysius the Areopagite
Both negative and positive task-irrelevant stimuli contract attentional breadth in individuals with high levels of negative affect
of attention. Experiment 1 tested whether small task-irrelevant emotionally-salient stimuli contracted attentional breadth when the task required a broad focus, while Experiment 2 tested whether large task-irrelevant emotionally-salient stimuli expanded attentional breadth when the task required a narrow focus. Both experiments compared the effect of negative and positive emotionally-salient images against neutral, and examined the role of partic…
Modern Philosophy and Origen
This essay asks in what ways modern (i.e. twentieth‐century) philosophy can either make use of Origen or inform our reading of him. It argues in the first section that the predominantly exegetic method of Origen makes it difficult for analytic philosophy to accommodate his reasoning. In the second section it examines the comparisons drawn by John Lyons between Origen and Teilhard de Chardin, which also suggest affinities with Henri Bergson, but c…
The Content of Gender Stereotypes Embedded in Language Use
Gender stereotypes have endured despite substantial change in gender roles. Previous work has assessed how gender stereotypes affect language production in particular interactional contexts. Here, we assessed communication biases where context was less specified: written texts to diffuse audiences. We used Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) to computationally quantify the similarity in meaning between gendered names and stereotype-linked terms in the…
Motivational direction diverges from valence for sadness, anger, and amusement
Recent work has cast doubt on whether the strength of motivation (strength of avoidance or approach tendencies) experienced while viewing emotion-eliciting pictures is dissociable from felt valence (negative versus positive). The present study extended this work by testing specific discrete emotions (amusement, anger, awe, desire, sadness). Previous work has proposed separate motivational direction (avoid versus approach) from valence. In Study 1…
State Policy Effects on the Suppression of CalFresh Participation Rates
While California has the biggest number of SNAP recipients in the nation, participation rates are far lower than the average national participation rates. This study shows that California presents a playbook of how SNAP participation rates are suppressed due to a unique combination of factors including, the high administrative cost per case, obstacles facing senior citizens, the enduring legacy of the negative cultural and political sentiments to…
Evil Deeds in High Places
In his new book, David E. Settje offers a popular religious history of the Watergate scandal. President Richard M. Nixon's power grab plumbed the depths of human depravity, causing a crisis of moral leadership that American Protestants sought to resolve. To gauge opinion, Settje examines denominational records and two gatekeeping periodicals, the Christian Century and Christianity Today, including lay correspondence. Nixon's courting of Christian…
Using perceptual tasks to selectively measure magnocellular and parvocellular performance
The visual system uses parallel pathways to process information. However, an ongoing debate centers on the extent to which the pathways from the retina, via the Lateral Geniculate nucleus to the visual cortex, process distinct aspects of the visual scene and, if they do, can stimuli in the laboratory be used to selectively drive them. These questions are important for a number of reasons, including that some pathologies are thought to be associat…
Attentional control both helps and harms empathy
Paradoxes of Providing Rural Social Services
Economic and demographic changes in rural areas continue to introduce big-city problems in small towns. These communities' ability and willingness to respond are likely to be influenced by the geography, culture, and array of organizations in rural places. But how these characteristics of rural places shape local response is hard to predict and as yet unexplored. This article reports data from interviews with social-service providers and homeless…
The Impact of Employment Discrimination Litigation on Racial Disparity in Earnings
What is the relationship between employment discrimination litigation and the relative earnings of blacks and whites in the United States? Do victories in court affect blacks' relative earnings? Are gains in earnings associated with legal victories enduring or temporary? Can litigation be an effective tactic in efforts at social reform? Data on plaintiff victories in employment discrimination cases decided by U.S. appellate courts from 1965 throu…
Religions of the Constantinian Empire
Religions of the Constantinian empire' provides a synoptic review of Constantine's relation to all the cultic and theological traditions of the Empire during the period from his seizure of power in the west in 306 CE to the end of his reign as autocrat of both east and west in 337 CE. Divided into three parts, the first considers the efforts of Christians to construct their own philosophy, and their own patterns of the philosophic life, in opposi…
Homer
Combines a general introduction and a detailed commentary to make insights of recent Homeric scholarship accessible to students and general readers as well as to classicists
Uncertainty and the Rise of the Work-Family Dilemma
Existing research argues that women's wages, consumerism, and changing attitudes dismantled the male bread-winner system. Families' economic need is dismissed with the suggestion that mothers' rhetoric of "need" was a smoke screen to defend against social stigma for working mothers. Drawing on biennial data from 1965 to 1987, I suggest that consumptive certainty of the 1950s and 1960s gave way to economic uncertainty in the 1970s and beyond. Econ…
Every today was a tomorrow”
Home Ownership, Affordability, and Mothers' Changing Work and Family Roles
Objective . Elaborating on conventional explanations for rapid employment growth of married mothers of preschoolers, I propose that pursuit of home ownership contributed to this trend differently in different decades since 1950. Methods . Measuring husbands' income in terms of mortgage qualification and using logistic regression analysis of pooled Current Population Survey data to estimate trends standardized for compositional change, I compare h…
From a Christian World Community to a Christian America
Christian nationalism in the United States has neither been singular nor stable. The country has seen several Christian nationalist ventures come and go throughout its history. Historians are currently busy documenting the plurality of Christian nationalisms, understanding them more as deliberate projects rather than as components of a suprahistorical secularization process. This essay joins in that work. Its focus is the World War II and early C…
Coping with Compassion
In stark contrast to the robust social safety nets found in many developed nations around the world, the modern American welfare state is increasingly operated by a variety of non-governmental actors and voluntary organizations. The operation of this welfare regime depends on the discretionary decisions of street-level bureaucrats. As street-level bureaucrats confront new circumstances, their discretionary decisions change. Normative institutiona…
The Great Recession and SNAP Caseloads
Using detailed administrative data for the 2003 to 2010 period, the authors contrast Florida’s and Oregon’s dramatically different participation dynamics, assessing the expansion and extension of benefits before, during, and after the Great Recession. State differences in how Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) has been administered help explain differences in SNAP use. Although the recession led to increased need and SNAP participat…
Writing before Students
ONE OF THE great surprises of my apprenticeship as a graduate student and new professor has been the intensely emotional experience of scholarly writing. Choosing the words to express an idea, putting those words before an audience, being criticized and corrected, and sometimes being told to go do it again inspire fear, anger, frustration, and despair. The elation, relief, and pride of finally getting a project out the door-or better yet, publish…
Do Attitudes and Personality Characteristics Affect Socioeconomic Outcomes? The Case of Welfare Use by Young Women
Objective . We estimate a model of social‐psychological determinants of entry into Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC), the primary cash welfare program in the United States until 1996. Methods . Using information from the youngest cohorts of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, we estimate logit models of the probability of ever participating in AFDC and hazard models of the timing until first use of AFDC. Results . We find stro…
Unintended Benefits of Distance-Education Technology for Traditional Classroom Teaching
ties embrace Internet delivery of distance education, critics have repeatedly decried this trend as a threat to effective pedagogy and creative control over instruction (e.g. Farber 1998; Noble 1998). However, sociologists have at their disposal analytical tools and skills for considering the nonobvious and potentially positive implications of this development (Portes 2000). Rather than embrace a solely negative stance, Merton (1967) would have u…
Pregnancy Discrimination Litigation
The mobilization of equal employment law for pregnant workers in the 1970s and 1980s accomplished more than many legal scholars presently believe. In supporting this claim, this article argues that pregnancy discrimination litigation uniquely revealed the gender bias of equal employment opportunity law and of capitalist economic relations. This litigation also elicited employers' beliefs about presumed economic imperatives for not accommodating p…
Stop prancing about
Purpose – The over-arching purpose of this paper is to provide a reflexive personal narrative of the inequalities experienced as the author grew up with a desire to dance; personal experiences which influenced the author to become an educator and eventually led the author to engage in some active research on the issue of boys and dance in secondary schools in the north of England. Design/methodology/approach – This project is based on narrative i…
Moral Minority
In this remarkably rigorous, richly contextualized, and generally exhaustive exploration of the evangelical Left, David R. Swartz returns readers to a time when theologically conservative Protestantism was “politically up for grabs” (p. 2). More significantly, he joins Doug Rossinow, Kevin Mattson, Thomas Frank, Simon Hall, and others in documenting the enduring, sometimes-ironic impact of 1960s radicalism. Taken as a loosely organized, often con…
Food Insecurity in Western US States
This analysis examines how and why many nonprofits and state agencies fighting domestic hunger have increasingly collaborated in unexpected ways. Interviews with nonprofit and state agency leaders in four western US states provide details about these collaborative efforts. Drawing on the concept of collaborative governance, the findings reveal important roles that anti-hunger nonprofits have played for state agencies, serving as experts, co-worke…
Monotheists All
Race for Revival
Political Party and Policy Choices
Although the majority of studies on the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) examine determinants of caseload size, we identify drivers of variation in SNAP participation rates between states, with a special focus on state-level political dynamics and policy implementation choices made by states. Using a panel regression analysis of state-specific administrative policies, as well as political and demographic variables spanning a 20-ye…
State Policy Effects on the Suppression of CalFresh Participation Rates
While California has the biggest number of SNAP recipients in the nation, participation rates are far lower than the average national participation rates. This study shows that California presents a playbook of how SNAP participation rates are suppressed due to a unique combination of factors including, the high administrative cost per case, obstacles facing senior citizens, the enduring legacy of the negative cultural and political sentiments to…
Neighborhood environment, social participation, and physical activity in older adults with lower limb osteoarthritis
Miscellaneous Mastery
The aim of this learned and enterprising book is to elucidate the structure and intention of Clement's Stromateis by comparing it with pagan texts from the first and second centuries of our era which belong, as we might now say, to the same genre. This term, which is chaperoned by quotation marks on p. 15, has proved itself heuristically indispensable, but has no closer equivalent in ancient Greek than genos , which is as likely to denote the sty…
Financial Contributors
Journal Article 2017 Financial Contributors Get access Political Science Quarterly, Volume 133, Issue 1, Spring 2018, Pages 6-7, https://doi.org/10.1002/polq.12769 Published: 25 March 2018
Pseudo-Priscillian and the Gospel of Truth
A treatise On the Trinity, once ascribed to Priscillian of Avila, but now more commonly held to be the work of a disciple, quotes the aphorism "the name of the Father is the Son" as an apostolic saying. In fact it appears to be a quotation of the Gospel of Truth, affinities to which are also visible in the teaching of this treatise on the procession of the Word from the Father, the role of the Holy Spirit in this procession, the universal bondage…
A preliminary report on an underwater survey at Plitra, South Laconia, Greece
Homer
Combines a general introduction and a detailed commentary to make insights of recent Homeric scholarship accessible to students and general readers as well as to classicists
A Quotation of Sappho in Juvenal "Satire" 6
Some Early Christian Immoralities
Ammonius, Teacher of Origen
Porphyry and Eusebius, antagonistic witnesses, agree that one of Origcn’s early tutors was called Ammonius. This was also the name of the tutor of Origen’s younger contemporary Plot in us, and it. has long been the fashion to argue or assume that they were pupils of the same man. Heinrich Dörrie perhaps remains alone in his view that the two men called Ammonius were distinct, a view for which I shall argue in this article, though not entirely on …
Sequences of Actions for Individual and Teams of Air Traffic Controllers
Air traffic controllers participated in high-fidelity simulations of en route air traffic, either singly or with a second team member. The observed stream of time-stamped behaviors and communication events was analyzed using the Pathfinder scaling algorithm, which provides a directional graph of the latent structure in the data. The graphs were found to be similar across levels of traffic complexity, and the triggers for frequently co-occurring a…
The Impact of Employment Discrimination Litigation on Racial Disparity in Earnings
What is the relationship between employment discrimination litigation and the relative earnings of blacks and whites in the United States? Do victories in court affect blacks' relative earnings? Are gains in earnings associated with legal victories enduring or temporary? Can litigation be an effective tactic in efforts at social reform? Data on plaintiff victories in employment discrimination cases decided by U.S. appellate courts from 1965 throu…
Racial Differences in Intraurban Residential Mobility
The literature shows that African-Americans live in lower-quality residential environments than their socioeconomic status would predict. Researchers suggest that African-Americans move within cities less often than whites and/or improve their residential environments less when moving. Alternatively, African-Americans might move as frequently as whites and improve their residential environments as much when they move, but they operate from an ini…
Pregnancy Discrimination Litigation
The mobilization of equal employment law for pregnant workers in the 1970s and 1980s accomplished more than many legal scholars presently believe. In supporting this claim, this article argues that pregnancy discrimination litigation uniquely revealed the gender bias of equal employment opportunity law and of capitalist economic relations. This litigation also elicited employers' beliefs about presumed economic imperatives for not accommodating p…
Apologetics in the Roman Empire
INTRODUCTION: APOLOGETICS IN THE ROMAN WORLD THE ACTS OF THE APOSTLES AS AN APOLOGETIC TEXT JOSEPHUS' TREATISE AGAINST APION TALKING AT TRYPHO: CHRISTIAN APOLOGETIC AS ANTI-JUDAISM IN JUSTIN'S DIALOGUE WITH TRYPHO THE JEW GREEK APOLOGISTS OF THE SECOND CENTURY LATIN CHRISTIAN APOLOGETICS: MINUCIUS FELIX, TERTULLIAN, AND CYPRIAN ORIGEN'S TREATISE AGAINST CELSUS DEFENDING HELLENISM: PHILOSTRATUS, IN HONOUR OF APOLLONIUS THE FLOWERING OF LATIN APOLO…
Numenius of Apamea
Numenius of Apamea is a thinker whom we know only from the reports of later witnesses who were anything but dispassionate historians of philosophy. Pythagorean is the most common epithet for Numenius. From the first book On the Good, Eusebius transcribes an arresting simile, which may, as its position in the arrangement of des Places implies, have served as an exordium to the main argument. Numenius can be reconciled with Plato if his cosmogony i…
The Cambridge History of Philosophy in Late Antiquity
Late antique philosophy grew out of the mé'lange of cultures and traditions flourishing during the Augustan pax Romana. It took its quintessential attributes in the pressures besetting the late Roman Empire, and it quietly came to an end when the Mediterranean no longer linked but divided the shores it washed, becoming a barrier separating the Islamic Abbasids, the Byzantines and the Frankish empire. According to the church historian Eusebius of …
Neoplatonic Saints The Lives of Plotinus and Proclus by their Students
These two texts are fundamental for the understanding not only of Neoplatonism but also of the conventions of biography in late antiquity. Neither has received such extensive annotation before in English, and this new commentary makes full use of recent scholarship. The long introduction is intended both as a beginner’s guide to Neoplatonism and as a survey of ancient biographical writing. ... this book will serve as a stimulating introduction to…
Determinants of initial entry onto welfare by young women
Using data from the youngest cohorts of women in the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, this study constructs Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) histories starting at age 15. Most young women go on AFDC for the first time between ages 18 and 25 and do so in the first few years after the birth of their first baby. These histories are used to estimate models of the determinants of initial use of AFDC. The models provide mixed eviden…
Unintended Benefits of Distance-Education Technology for Traditional Classroom Teaching
ties embrace Internet delivery of distance education, critics have repeatedly decried this trend as a threat to effective pedagogy and creative control over instruction (e.g. Farber 1998; Noble 1998). However, sociologists have at their disposal analytical tools and skills for considering the nonobvious and potentially positive implications of this development (Portes 2000). Rather than embrace a solely negative stance, Merton (1967) would have u…
Home Ownership, Affordability, and Mothers' Changing Work and Family Roles
Objective . Elaborating on conventional explanations for rapid employment growth of married mothers of preschoolers, I propose that pursuit of home ownership contributed to this trend differently in different decades since 1950. Methods . Measuring husbands' income in terms of mortgage qualification and using logistic regression analysis of pooled Current Population Survey data to estimate trends standardized for compositional change, I compare h…
Do Attitudes and Personality Characteristics Affect Socioeconomic Outcomes? The Case of Welfare Use by Young Women
Objective . We estimate a model of social‐psychological determinants of entry into Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC), the primary cash welfare program in the United States until 1996. Methods . Using information from the youngest cohorts of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, we estimate logit models of the probability of ever participating in AFDC and hazard models of the timing until first use of AFDC. Results . We find stro…
Monotheists All
Uncertainty and the Rise of the Work-Family Dilemma
Existing research argues that women's wages, consumerism, and changing attitudes dismantled the male bread-winner system. Families' economic need is dismissed with the suggestion that mothers' rhetoric of "need" was a smoke screen to defend against social stigma for working mothers. Drawing on biennial data from 1965 to 1987, I suggest that consumptive certainty of the 1950s and 1960s gave way to economic uncertainty in the 1970s and beyond. Econ…
Writing before Students
ONE OF THE great surprises of my apprenticeship as a graduate student and new professor has been the intensely emotional experience of scholarly writing. Choosing the words to express an idea, putting those words before an audience, being criticized and corrected, and sometimes being told to go do it again inspire fear, anger, frustration, and despair. The elation, relief, and pride of finally getting a project out the door-or better yet, publish…
Institutional Barriers to Taking Good Advice
Origen on Christ, Tropology, and Exegesis
This chapter argues that the three levels of exegesis in Origen’s theory of Scriptural allegory correspond to three different linguistic ‘tropes’. Metaphor is proper to the ‘bodily’ level of scripture, and our imitative relationship to Christ through ethical progress; metonymy to the ‘psychic’ level, and our understanding of Christ by study of the cosmos created through him; and synecdoche to the ‘spiritual’ level, and our relationship to Christ …
My God and My Good Mother
The impact of Horace Bushnell on American religion has been well documented, but the cultural significance of his life and thought has not been fully appreciated. A Congregationalist and pioneering ecumenist, Bushnell has been cast as the father of evangelical liberalism by theologians and religious historians. His numerous published sermons and treatises on child nurture, religious language, and the atonement were widely read during the nineteen…
The Beginnings of Christianization
During the reign of Constantine, Christianity was the religion of the emperor but not yet the religion of the empire. His policies and enactments on behalf of the church established the conditions in which Christianity could flourish and thus prepared his subjects for the Christianizing measures of his successors. If it were true, as some contend, that Christianity was but one of many converging “monotheisms,” the present chapter would not need t…
Christianity, a.d. 70–192
It may have been in Syria that Lucian first encountered Christianity; for not only was he a native of that province, but he says that it was in Syria that the Cynic Peregrinus formed a temporary alliance with the church. Appealing to Greek philosophy in support of Christian teachings, Theophilus produced a learned demonstration that the Pentateuch is superior in antiquity to the literature of Greece. Among the numerous apostolic churches of the T…
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