David R Morgan
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 3597699 |
|---|---|
| NOME | David R Morgan |
| PRENOMES | David R |
| SOBRENOME | Morgan |
| ASSINATURA | MORGAN D R |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of Oklahoma |
| VERIFICADO | Não |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 52 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 293 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 52 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1951 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2001 |
| ÍNDICE H | 9 |
Children in Poverty
Objective . Variations in childhood poverty are primarily responsive to changes in family structure and economic conditions. Some research also suggests that federal and state programs may help alleviate poverty among children. This research incorporates measures of family characteristics, economic conditions, and policy variables in estimating changes in childhood poverty among the U.S. states. Methods . The research design is a pooled time seri…
State Support for Higher Education
This research examines state support for higher education by first ascertaining the amount supplied and demanded of this service. The approach assumes that supply and demand occur simultaneously, and that each is affected by higher education spending policies among the states. We argue that enrollment is the most satisfactory proxy for both supply and demand. State policy is measured as expenditure effort. We estimate three time‐series equations …
Work and Welfare in the American States
This research seeks to determine whether the Job Opportunities and Basic Skills GOBS) program (established under the 1988 Family Support Act) was successful in reducing the number of welfare recipients among U.S. states for the period 1984 to 1996.Within the context of two theoretical perspectives-developmental and rational choice-we assess the impact of JOBS on AFDC participation rates using a pooled time-series design.At best, JOBS had a minima…
Central-City/Suburban Inequality and Metropolitan Political Fragmentation
To test the proposition that metropolitan governmental structure has social, economic, and racial consequences, the authors assume that the proliferation of local governments in a metropolitan area and the boundary constraints imposed on the central city have adverse effects, especially on the core city. Analyzing 97 large U.S. metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs), they found only limited support for this proposition. Of three measures of fragme…
Changing the Form of County Government
The past few decades have brought an enormous increase in county government reorganization. Even though the traditional form of commission government is still most prevalent, over 1,100 counties across the country now operate under some version of an appointed administrator or elected chief executive form of government (Jeffery, et al., 1989, 120). In 1960, only about 83 counties had such chief executives (Governmental Research Institute, 1980, 1…
Work and Welfare in the American States
This research seeks to determine whether the Job Opportunities and Basic Skills GOBS) program (established under the 1988 Family Support Act) was successful in reducing the number of welfare recipients among U.S. states for the period 1984 to 1996. Within the context of two theoretical perspectives-developmental and rational choice-we assess the impact of JOBS on AFDC participation rates using a pooled time-series design. At best, JOBS had a mini…
Mayors of American Cities
Using data from a 1987 nationwide survey of U.S. cities of 25,000 population and above, this research analyzes the formal authority and the informal powers associated with the office of mayor. We divide cities by mayor-council or council-manager form. The findings confirm that elected chief executives in mayoral cities possess considerably more formal authority than their counterparts in manager communities, yet informal mayoral powers are quite …
The Spending‐Service Connection
This research tests the relationship between state and local spending for health and hospitals, a set of health service measures, and three final policy outcomes—low birthweight infants, infant mortality, and child deaths. The analysis includes several proxies for service demand—state resources, percentage of single‐teen births, and percentage of the population without health insurance. The multiple regression equations also incorporate a measure…
The Effects of Mayoral Power on Urban Fiscal Policy
Can mayors of American cities overcome the enormous constraints of environmental forces to exert some control over municipal spending priorities? Despite case study evidence suggesting that mayors can and do influence public policy making, the expectation of this research was that mayoral power in a comparative research design likely would not have a pronounced effect on city spending. Using multiple regression techniques and various socioeconomi…
The Politics and Economics of Privatization
The Dependent City and Intergovernmental Aid
Beginning in the late 1970s and accelerating during the 1980s, U.S. cities lost substantial federal assistance. This research identifies those cities that were especially dependent on federal transfer payments both before and after most of the cuts had been made. The authors also analyze changes in municipal fiscal behavior between 1975 and 1987. In 1975, the most aid-dependent places were central cities suffering both socioeconomic and fiscal st…
Communications
Policy Leadership in Council-Manager Cities
Targeting Intergovernmental Aid to Local Schools
tudents of public policy have long been interested in redistribu- tion.Especially in a political system permitting some degree of decentralization, the question often becomes which level of gov- ernment should assist the poor (Ladd and Doolittle 1982).Economic theory favors the national government, with its broader geographic scope and more progressive tax system.Yet many argue that the states are closer to local problems and thus best suited to …
Intergovernmental Service Contracts
A model of intergovernmental service contracting is tested for U.S. cities of 25,000 and over population. In this model, the decision process is assumed to be shaped by many of the same forces that affect contracting to the private sector, namely, cost considerations, fiscal pressures, and political influences. Considerable support is found for the model, although fiscal stress is not a major impetus for contracting with other jurisdictions. The …
Assessing the effects of political culture
This research uses religious affiliation data to represent Elazar's political culture typology and tests the power of that measure in accounting for political and policy variation among the 77 countries in Oklahoma. Although most Oklahoma counties are predominantly traditionalistic, a multiple regression analysis controlling for county socioeconomic environment and political attitudes yields the expected result: (1) a traditionalistic political c…
Political Culture, Political System Characteristics, and Public Policies Among the American States
Daniel Elazar's typology of political culture is updated for all states for 1980 using religious affiliation data. On average, the political culture indices do not vary much from simitar measures constructed for 1906–1936. The effects of political culture on state politics and policy are tested in two ways: (1) by calculating partial correlation coefficients for ten dependent variables holding four environmental variables constant (affluence, ind…
American Federalism
Diversity in the American States
The index of socioeconomic and cultural diversity among the American states formulated by John L. Sullivan for 1960 is recreated for 1980. Comparisons are made between the index for the two time periods, and changes among the states are examined over time. Significant differences continue to exist between northern and southern states, mainly because of cultural rather than socioeconomic factors. The diversity index remains a relatively powerful p…
Interstate Variation in the Allocation of State Aid To Local Schools
Journal Article Interstate Variation in the Allocation of State Aid To Local Schools Get access David R. Morgan, David R. Morgan University of Oklahoma Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar John P. Pelissero John P. Pelissero Loyola University of Chicago Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Publius: The Journal of Federalism, Volume 19, Issue 2, Spring 1989, Pages 113–126, htt…
Coping with Fiscal Stress
The process by which large cities respond to fiscal stress is analyzed in light of the "garbage-can model" of organizational decision making. The model is informed by the assumption that choices are often ill-defined and ambiguous, resulting in a decision process that is poorly structured. When applied to the fiscal retrenchment process, the expectation is that the selection of various financial management strategies may be difficult to explain. …
Old Federalism/New Federalism
The Two Faces of Privatization
Much has been written in the past few years about the effort to surrender more and more government programs and services to the sector. The merits of this phenomenon called have been extolled, its shortcomings criticized, and its advantages and disadvantages discussed. Some of the debate reflects ideological overtones, as certain proponents clearly see privatizing as a means to shrink government. Others with a pragmatic view are more concerned wi…
The Decision To Contract Out City Services
IN a recent article Ferris (1986) offers a comprehensive, theoretically specified analysis of influences affecting the decision to contract out services in cities with populations equal to or greater than 25,000. In brief, he contends that since municipalities may not eagerly embrace contracting, preferring instead to maintain direct control over most services, the perceived gains from contracting must substantially exceed the potential costs. Th…
Cost and competition
Urban Policy
An interrupted time-series quasi-experiment is employed to test the basic hypothesis that reformed cities (with city manager, at-large elections, and nonpartisan ballots) tax and spend less than unreformed communities. Eleven cities with populations of 25,000 and above which significantly changed their political structure between 1948 and 1973 are compared with 11 matched control cities that made no changes. We found that over an 11-year period, …
The Effects of Mayoral Power on Urban Fiscal Policy
Can mayors of American cities overcome the enormous constraints of environmental forces to exert some control over municipal spending priorities? Despite case study evidence suggesting that mayors can and do influence public policy making, the expectation of this research was that mayoral power in a comparative research design likely would not have a pronounced effect on city spending. Using multiple regression techniques and various socioeconomi…
Central-City/Suburban Inequality and Metropolitan Political Fragmentation
To test the proposition that metropolitan governmental structure has social, economic, and racial consequences, the authors assume that the proliferation of local governments in a metropolitan area and the boundary constraints imposed on the central city have adverse effects, especially on the core city. Analyzing 97 large U.S. metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs), they found only limited support for this proposition. Of three measures of fragme…
Political Culture, Political System Characteristics, and Public Policies Among the American States
Daniel Elazar's typology of political culture is updated for all states for 1980 using religious affiliation data. On average, the political culture indices do not vary much from simitar measures constructed for 1906–1936. The effects of political culture on state politics and policy are tested in two ways: (1) by calculating partial correlation coefficients for ten dependent variables holding four environmental variables constant (affluence, ind…
Diversity in the American States
The index of socioeconomic and cultural diversity among the American states formulated by John L. Sullivan for 1960 is recreated for 1980. Comparisons are made between the index for the two time periods, and changes among the states are examined over time. Significant differences continue to exist between northern and southern states, mainly because of cultural rather than socioeconomic factors. The diversity index remains a relatively powerful p…
The Decision To Contract Out City Services
IN a recent article Ferris (1986) offers a comprehensive, theoretically specified analysis of influences affecting the decision to contract out services in cities with populations equal to or greater than 25,000. In brief, he contends that since municipalities may not eagerly embrace contracting, preferring instead to maintain direct control over most services, the perceived gains from contracting must substantially exceed the potential costs. Th…
Reputation and Productivity among U. S. Public Administration and Public Affairs Programs
Citizen Compliance with Public Policy
RECENTLY has the study of public policy shifted its focus 0 from the enactment of public policy to policy implementation.Since ~-~ policy execution is affected by a series of economic, political, and behavioral forces, policies are as likely to fail at the implementation stage as they are at earlier stages in the process.The nation's early experience with prohibition and its more recent encounter with marijuana and other drug laws illustrates tha…
Recognition and Productivity Among American Political Science Departments
OCIAL SCIENTISTS have displayed only a limited interest in science as a ~~~ system of knowledge and behavior, and what analysis has been done focuses S primarily on the work of natural scientists.1In recent years, however, soci- ologists have begun to study systematically the process of discovery and dissemina- tion of knowledge within their particular discipline.Political scientists, on the other hand, have not been especially self-conscious abo…
The Impact of Intergovernmental Revenue on City Expenditures
Industrialization and Affluence Revisited
The Industrialization and Affluence factor scores for the American states derived from 21 socioeconomic variables for 1960 are updated using 1970 data. Certain changes in the two dimensions are noted, but are of relatively small magnitude as revealed by the correlation of .80 between both measures for the two time periods. Some shifts also occur in rankings among the states, for example, the southern states have become relatively more industriali…
Collective Bargaining and Faculty Compensation
Multiple regression is used to estimate faculty compensation levels and compensation change for 46 paired union and nonunion institutions of higher education for the year 1974-75. With the five other independent variables controlled, the union/nonunion dummy regression coefficient accounts for over $1,000 more in average annual compensation levels for unionized faculties than for their nonunion counterparts. In addition, the union/nonunion variab…
Political Linkage and Public Policy
HE NATURE of representation in a democratic political system has long in- ~ terested political scientists.Without consciously rejecting the Burkean notion ―-of a representative as trustee, recent democratic theorists have increasingly accepted a model of electoral accountability which holds that politicians are made responsive to their constituents by fear of the ballot box.&dquoHowever, recent research on the urban political process in the San F…
Targeting Intergovernmental Aid to Local Schools
tudents of public policy have long been interested in redistribu- tion.Especially in a political system permitting some degree of decentralization, the question often becomes which level of gov- ernment should assist the poor (Ladd and Doolittle 1982).Economic theory favors the national government, with its broader geographic scope and more progressive tax system.Yet many argue that the states are closer to local problems and thus best suited to …
Children in Poverty
Objective . Variations in childhood poverty are primarily responsive to changes in family structure and economic conditions. Some research also suggests that federal and state programs may help alleviate poverty among children. This research incorporates measures of family characteristics, economic conditions, and policy variables in estimating changes in childhood poverty among the U.S. states. Methods . The research design is a pooled time seri…
Work and Welfare in the American States
This research seeks to determine whether the Job Opportunities and Basic Skills GOBS) program (established under the 1988 Family Support Act) was successful in reducing the number of welfare recipients among U.S. states for the period 1984 to 1996. Within the context of two theoretical perspectives-developmental and rational choice-we assess the impact of JOBS on AFDC participation rates using a pooled time-series design. At best, JOBS had a mini…
State Aid To Cities
Path analysis is employed to identify major influences on two forms of state aid to cities—financial and programmatic. Considerable support is found for a sequential model in which state resources and city need are modified by the political climate and the legal/structural characteristics of the state. For financial aid, the most powerful influences are a professionalized legislature and a legal system under which cities are responsible for schoo…
Interstate Variation in the Allocation of State Aid To Local Schools
Journal Article Interstate Variation in the Allocation of State Aid To Local Schools Get access David R. Morgan, David R. Morgan University of Oklahoma Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar John P. Pelissero John P. Pelissero Loyola University of Chicago Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Publius: The Journal of Federalism, Volume 19, Issue 2, Spring 1989, Pages 113–126, htt…
Multi-Level Analysis in State Politics
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
State Support for Higher Education
This research examines state support for higher education by first ascertaining the amount supplied and demanded of this service. The approach assumes that supply and demand occur simultaneously, and that each is affected by higher education spending policies among the states. We argue that enrollment is the most satisfactory proxy for both supply and demand. State policy is measured as expenditure effort. We estimate three time‐series equations …
Mayors of American Cities
Using data from a 1987 nationwide survey of U.S. cities of 25,000 population and above, this research analyzes the formal authority and the informal powers associated with the office of mayor. We divide cities by mayor-council or council-manager form. The findings confirm that elected chief executives in mayoral cities possess considerably more formal authority than their counterparts in manager communities, yet informal mayoral powers are quite …
Cost and competition
Explaining Fiscal Stress Among Large U.S. Cities
Evaluating a Community Development Block Grant Program
A citizens advisory group evaluation of a Community Development Block Grant program is compared with similar responses from city staff and city council members. All three groups provided quite positive assessments with the citizens group evaluations closer to staff responses than to council members. Objective indicators of program targeting also reveal that projects and funds have been committed to those areas of greatest need. An argument is mad…
Speed Kills
An interrupted time-series design is used to analyze the impact of the 55 mph speed limit on U.S. traffic fatalities over the period 1950 to 1980. In addition to speed such potential effects on highway fatalities as safety improvements, decreased speed dispersion, and decreased travel are examined.We conclude that the overwhelming proportion of the decline in traffic fatalities from 1973 to 1974 must be attributed to the change in the speed limit
A New Adjuvant in Postalcoholic Psychomotor Agitation
Policy Variations, Political Recruitment, and Suburban Social Rank
(1970). Policy Variations, Political Recruitment, and Suburban Social Rank: A Comparative Analysis. The Sociological Quarterly: Vol. 11, No. 4, pp. 452-462
Political Linkage and Public Policy
HE NATURE of representation in a democratic political system has long in- ~ terested political scientists.Without consciously rejecting the Burkean notion ―-of a representative as trustee, recent democratic theorists have increasingly accepted a model of electoral accountability which holds that politicians are made responsive to their constituents by fear of the ballot box.&dquoHowever, recent research on the urban political process in the San F…
Urban Political Analysis
Cities, Crisis and Change
Industrialization and Affluence Revisited
The Industrialization and Affluence factor scores for the American states derived from 21 socioeconomic variables for 1960 are updated using 1970 data. Certain changes in the two dimensions are noted, but are of relatively small magnitude as revealed by the correlation of .80 between both measures for the two time periods. Some shifts also occur in rankings among the states, for example, the southern states have become relatively more industriali…
Analyzing Police Policies
Multi-Level Analysis in State Politics
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Collective Bargaining and Faculty Compensation Revisited
The Impact of Intergovernmental Revenue on City Expenditures
Recognition and Productivity Among American Political Science Departments
OCIAL SCIENTISTS have displayed only a limited interest in science as a ~~~ system of knowledge and behavior, and what analysis has been done focuses S primarily on the work of natural scientists.1In recent years, however, soci- ologists have begun to study systematically the process of discovery and dissemina- tion of knowledge within their particular discipline.Political scientists, on the other hand, have not been especially self-conscious abo…
Collective Bargaining and Faculty Compensation
Multiple regression is used to estimate faculty compensation levels and compensation change for 46 paired union and nonunion institutions of higher education for the year 1974-75. With the five other independent variables controlled, the union/nonunion dummy regression coefficient accounts for over $1,000 more in average annual compensation levels for unionized faculties than for their nonunion counterparts. In addition, the union/nonunion variab…
Urban Planning
A Causal Perspective on School Segregation among American States
Urban Policy
An interrupted time-series quasi-experiment is employed to test the basic hypothesis that reformed cities (with city manager, at-large elections, and nonpartisan ballots) tax and spend less than unreformed communities. Eleven cities with populations of 25,000 and above which significantly changed their political structure between 1948 and 1973 are compared with 11 matched control cities that made no changes. We found that over an 11-year period, …
Reputation and Productivity among U. S. Public Administration and Public Affairs Programs
Speed Kills
An interrupted time-series design is used to analyze the impact of the 55 mph speed limit on U.S. traffic fatalities over the period 1950 to 1980. In addition to speed such potential effects on highway fatalities as safety improvements, decreased speed dispersion, and decreased travel are examined.We conclude that the overwhelming proportion of the decline in traffic fatalities from 1973 to 1974 must be attributed to the change in the speed limit
Announcing a Symposium on State‐city Relations and Public Policy
Reputation and Productivity of Public Administration/Affairs Programs
In a recent article in Public Administration Review 41 (November/December 1981), pp. 666-673, we examined the reputation of Masters degree granting institutions in public administration and public affairs programs (MPA) and the research productivity of their faculty. The reputation measure was created by asking the principal representatives for the National Association of Schools of Public Affairs and Administration (NASPAA) to list the 10 best M…
The Debate Continues
Missing Points
Citizen Compliance with Public Policy
RECENTLY has the study of public policy shifted its focus 0 from the enactment of public policy to policy implementation.Since ~-~ policy execution is affected by a series of economic, political, and behavioral forces, policies are as likely to fail at the implementation stage as they are at earlier stages in the process.The nation's early experience with prohibition and its more recent encounter with marijuana and other drug laws illustrates tha…
Explaining Fiscal Stress Among Large U.S. Cities
Evaluating a Community Development Block Grant Program
A citizens advisory group evaluation of a Community Development Block Grant program is compared with similar responses from city staff and city council members. All three groups provided quite positive assessments with the citizens group evaluations closer to staff responses than to council members. Objective indicators of program targeting also reveal that projects and funds have been committed to those areas of greatest need. An argument is mad…
State Aid To Cities
Path analysis is employed to identify major influences on two forms of state aid to cities—financial and programmatic. Considerable support is found for a sequential model in which state resources and city need are modified by the political climate and the legal/structural characteristics of the state. For financial aid, the most powerful influences are a professionalized legislature and a legal system under which cities are responsible for schoo…
Political science (45 obras) · Economics (30 obras) · Law (26 obras) · Law (24 obras) · Sociology (23 obras) · Politics (22 obras) · Public Administration (20 obras) · Local Government Finance and Decentralization (17 obras) · Public Administration (17 obras) · Business (14 obras)