Markus Stoffel
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 3600045 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Markus Stoffel |
| PRENOMES | Markus |
| SOBRENOME | Stoffel |
| ASSINATURA | STOFFEL M |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of Geneva |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-0816-1303 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 42 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 42 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 42 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1999 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 4 |
Advancing stakeholder engagement in climate adaptation
Despite growing efforts to address climate change impacts, an adaptation implementation gap persists, where administrative, financial, cultural, and organizational challenges hinder the translation of climate change policies into action. As one of several approaches to bridge this gap, meaningful stakeholder engagement in adaptation is widely recognized as crucial for enhancing action effectiveness, acceptance, stakeholder empowerment, learning a…
Risk communication policies and strategies in Nepal and Switzerland
Risk communication is vital for effective Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM), yet its implementation varies across socio-political contexts. This study aims to compare risk communication policies in two countries-Nepal and Switzerland. It relies on a qualitative approach, combining desk study with semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions involving diverse stakeholders in both countries. The comparison highlights Switzerla…
Barriers and enablers to stakeholder engagement in the co-creation of disaster risk reduction solutions
Exceeding the ambitions of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030, to switch the focus of DRR (Disaster Risk Reduction) solutions from top-down to people-centred approaches, requires a better understanding of the complexity and dynamics of citizen and stakeholder engagement in DRR processes. This paper focuses on how to improve co-creation processes –namely the involvement of stakeholders in the design, development, implementa…
Does Central Asian forest growth benefit from a warming-wetting climate? Insights from tree-ring records
Climate warming has pronounced impacts on high-elevation regions, including arid Central Asia, and has multiple impacts on the environment. Forests in these mountainous areas provide essential services by regulating regional climate, sequestering carbon, and supporting soil and water conservation. However, trends in forest productivity and their response to climate change remain unclear. To address this knowledge gap, we collected tree cores from…
Learning from Covid-19
The COVID-19 pandemic demonstrated the fragility of international, national, regional, and local risk management systems. It revealed an urgent need to improve risk planning, preparedness, and communication strategies. In parallel, it created an opportunity to drastically re-think and transform societal processes and policies to prevent future shocks originating not only from health, but also combined with those related to climate change and biod…
Mummy Labels
Mummy labels are relics found in large quantities in Egypt, often in an excellent state of preservation (like most woods preserved in arid environments). As a result, they are widespread in Roman Egyptian collections of many museums. These labels reflect funerary practices that possess Egyptian and Roman influences and are an important source of historical and archaeological information. These corpora of mummy labels offer several possibilities f…
Living in a pandemic
Managing new and complex risks has been one of the greatest societal challenges. At the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, governments all over the world had to make urgent decisions to address a public health crisis. Such decisions had to consider the impacts of alternative options on the public health, citizens' behaviours, and countries' economies. However, most policies undertaken during the first phase of the COVID-19 pandemic were based primar…
Importance of sampling design to increase climate signal detection in shrub ring chronologies
Shrub dendrochronology is gaining increasing momentum in temperate high mountain regions to decipher climatic controls on current shrub expansion. Yet, a lack of consensus still persists in terms of sampling protocols, thus hampering comparability of results from different studies. For instance, serial sectioning, i.e. the sampling of multiple sections along the same shrub stem is recommended as it increases the detection of partial and missing r…
Coupled insights from the palaeoenvironmental, historical and archaeological archives to support social-ecological resilience and the sustainable development goals
Many governments and organisations are currently aligning many aspects of their policies and practices to the sustainable development goals (SDGs). Achieving the SDGs should increase social-ecological resilience to shocks like climate change and its impacts. Here, we consider the relationship amongst the three elements—the SDGs, social-ecological resilience and climate change—as a positive feedback loop. We argue that long-term memory encoded in …
Are our data ready for the next global challenges? Resilient data for resilient societies and economies
COVID-19 has shaken a wide range of national systems and infrastructures, including health, welfare, environment or security. • The related challenges cannot be tackled in isolation as all parts of the systems are tightly interlocked and interdependent. • Addressing scenarios emerging from these interlocking challenges require transversal approaches and agile public policies. • Yet, approaches and policies depend on a steady, continuous supply of…
The glacier advance at the onset of the Little Ice Age in the Alps
The term ‘Little Ice Age’ (LIA) is classically used to define a period of repeated and extensive glacier advances during the last millennium. In the meanwhile, this term is also used to address the period of relatively low temperatures between the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA), or Medieval Warm Period, and present-day warming. The end of the LIA is generally set to the mid or late 1800s CE, however, the published onset dates of the LIA are more …
The Dendroclimatological Potential of Common Yew (Taxus baccata L.) from Southern Azerbaijan
Paleoclimate reconstructions from tree rings have so far been restricted to the western and northern Caucasus, and there have been no published tree-ring studies on any topic from the Republic of Azerbaijan in the eastern Caucasus. Here we report the first tree-ring study conducted in Azerbaijan and show that, in the southern part of the country, the common yew (Taxus baccata L.) has potential to provide annually-resolved paleoclimate information…
Shrub growth in the Alps diverges from air temperature since the 1990s
In the European Alps, air temperature has increased almost twice as much as the global average over the last century and, as a corollary, snow cover duration has decreased substantially. In the Arctic, dendroecological studies have evidenced that shrub growth is highly sensitive to temperature—this phenomenon has often been linked to shrub expansion and ecosystem greening. Yet, the impacts of climate change on mountain shrub radial growth have no…
Impacts of land-cover changes on snow avalanche activity in the French Alps
Glacial geomorphology of the Chirripó National Park, Costa Rica
Several regions of tropical America show imprints of past glacial activity. These relict landforms can support the understanding of past climate conditions, such as during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), and the implications that these paleoclimatic conditions could have had on landscape change. Here, we present and analyze glacial morphologies for the Chirripó National Park in Costa Rica based on aerial imagery (1:25,000), detailed Digital Eleva…
Holocene vegetation and hydroclimatic dynamics in SE Lithuania – Implications from a multi-proxy study of the Čepkeliai bog
Climate change research in bilateral development programmes
This article reflects on the merits and shortfalls of bilateral research programmes aimed at strengthening climate change research capabilities, using the experience from two programmes, the PACC and IHCAP in Peru and India, respectively. The study highlights key aspects of these types of bilateral programmes, namely: capacity; performance, salary and appreciation; funding; bureaucracy and hierarchy; publishing; and data sharing. Furthermore, it …
Translating the concept of climate risk into an assessment framework to inform adaptation planning
Biologic Dating Techniques
Absolute dating procedures generally focus on achieving a better understanding of geomorphic processes. More specifically, biological proxies such as tree rings, lichens, and/or corals represent valuable paleorecorders of environmental changes and can be used to date past geomorphic activity in various geographic contexts. Biological dating procedures therefore allow the reconstruction, quantification, and interpretation of geomorphic processes w…
Snow and Ice Avalanches
Avalanches are defined as large masses of snow or ice moving rapidly down a mountainside or over a precipice. Throughout history, avalanches have played an important role and have also shaped mountain societies – nowadays, they remain a threat to human lives and repeatedly damage or destroy infrastructure in mountain regions. Substantial progress has been achieved over the past few decades in the field of snow avalanche research, thereby contribu…
Dendrogeomorphology
Dendrogeomorphology is the science of using growth anomalies in tree‐ring records to infer past geomorphic activity. Tree rings have been demonstrated to be a very useful and reliable archive of past process dynamics and changes thereof because they preserve evidence of past geomorphic activity and provide critical information on the dating of past events with annual or subannual resolution. This entry documents recent progress in the research fi…
Mass Movements in Periglacial Environments
Changes in temperature and precipitation have a range of impacts, including change of glacier extent, extent and duration of snow cover, and distribution and thermal properties of permafrost. Climatic changes are also likely to affect the frequency and magnitude of mass movements, such as landslides, debris flows, rock slope failures, or ice avalanches. However, changes in mass‐movement activity can only hardly be detected in observational record…
Uncertainty in the Himalayan energy–water nexus
Himalayan water resources attract a rapidly growing number of hydroelectric power projects (HPP) to satisfy Asia’s soaring energy demands. Yet HPP operating or planned in steep, glacier-fed mountain rivers face hazards of glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs) that can damage hydropower infrastructure, alter water and sediment yields, and compromise livelihoods downstream. Detailed appraisals of such GLOF hazards are limited to case studies, howeve…
Comparing observed and hypothetical climates as a means of communicating to the public and policymakers
How to Improve Dendrogeomorphic Sampling
Knowledge of the spatial heterogeneity of wood is useful for industrial applications and improving dendrogeomorphic sampling, because it allows a better understanding of 3-D wood density structure in tree stems damaged by geomorphic processes. X-ray computed tomography (XRCT) scanning as a means of non-destructive measurement has become an important technique in tree research as it allows the detection of internal variations in wood density. In t…
Adaptation to changing water resources in the Ganges basin, northern India
Seven centuries of avalanche activity at Echalp (Queyras massif, southern French Alps) as inferred from tree rings
The purpose of this study was to reconstruct spatiotemporal patterns of avalanche events in a forested avalanche path of the Queyras massif (Echalp avalanche path, southeast French Alps). Analysis of past events was based on tree-ring series from 163 heavily affected multicentennial larch trees ( Larix decidua Mill.) growing near or next to the avalanche path. A total of 514 growth disturbances, such as tangential rows of traumatic resin ducts, t…
What Tree Rings Can Tell About Earth-Surface Processes
A detailed understanding of how the earth surface is being continuously shaped and why it looks the way it does are essential prerequisites for an appraisal of geomorphic processes and related changes in space and time. Data on the occurrence of past geomorphic events remains, however, scarce and predictions on how the expected climate change may affect the frequency and volume of earth-surface processes have to be based on limited datasets. Tree…
Coping with changing water resources
The glacier advance at the onset of the Little Ice Age in the Alps
The term ‘Little Ice Age’ (LIA) is classically used to define a period of repeated and extensive glacier advances during the last millennium. In the meanwhile, this term is also used to address the period of relatively low temperatures between the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA), or Medieval Warm Period, and present-day warming. The end of the LIA is generally set to the mid or late 1800s CE, however, the published onset dates of the LIA are more …
Impacts of land-cover changes on snow avalanche activity in the French Alps
Impacts of climatic change on water and natural hazards in the Alps
Changes and trends in debris-flow frequency since AD 1850
Although studies have repeatedly focused on feedbacks and impacts of climate change on mass movements in the past, the inter-relations between climatic variables and debris-flow occurrence remain widely unclear and ambiguous to date. Most studies on past debris-flow occurrence remained rather isolated reconstructions for single torrents or they were restricted to short time periods. It is therefore the aim of this study to provide a regional chro…
Are our data ready for the next global challenges? Resilient data for resilient societies and economies
COVID-19 has shaken a wide range of national systems and infrastructures, including health, welfare, environment or security. • The related challenges cannot be tackled in isolation as all parts of the systems are tightly interlocked and interdependent. • Addressing scenarios emerging from these interlocking challenges require transversal approaches and agile public policies. • Yet, approaches and policies depend on a steady, continuous supply of…
Comparing observed and hypothetical climates as a means of communicating to the public and policymakers
Assessing climate change impacts on the quantity of water in Alpine regions
Obstacles to data access for research related to climate and water
Tree-ring reconstruction of past lahar activity at Popocatépetl volcano, Mexico
Lahars represent a major threat on the slopes of volcanoes all over the world. In order to realistically assess hazards, knowledge on the occurrence and timing of past lahar activity is of crucial importance. However, archival data on past events is usually scarce or completely missing. Tree-ring records have repeatedly proved to be a reliable data source for the reconstruction of past geomorphic events. However, tree rings have seldom been appli…
Impacts of climate change on natural hazards and land use in the Saas and Zermatt Valleys (Switzerland)
The aim of Swiss land use planning is to guarantee an expedient and economical use ofthe land and an orderly development of the country. Therefore. land use planning has to designate areas suitable for optimal economic development. The possiblility of climate change poses a special challenge for land use planners. This paper examines the implications of environmental change resulting from climate change and anticipates new zones of conflict betwe…
Evidence of NAO control on subsurface ice accumulation in a 1200 yr old cave-ice sequence, St. Livres ice cave, Switzerland
Mid-latitude ice caves are assumed to be highly sensitive to climatic changes and thus represent a potentially interesting environmental archive. Establishing a precise chronology is, however, a prerequisite for the understanding of processes driving the cave-ice mass balance and thus allows a paleoenvironmental interpretation. At St. Livres ice cave (Jura Mountains, Switzerland), subfossil trees and organic material are abundant in the cave-ice …
Tree-ring reconstruction of past lahar activity at Popocatépetl volcano, Mexico
Lahars represent a major threat on the slopes of volcanoes all over the world. In order to realistically assess hazards, knowledge on the occurrence and timing of past lahar activity is of crucial importance. However, archival data on past events is usually scarce or completely missing. Tree-ring records have repeatedly proved to be a reliable data source for the reconstruction of past geomorphic events. However, tree rings have seldom been appli…
What Tree Rings Can Tell About Earth-Surface Processes
A detailed understanding of how the earth surface is being continuously shaped and why it looks the way it does are essential prerequisites for an appraisal of geomorphic processes and related changes in space and time. Data on the occurrence of past geomorphic events remains, however, scarce and predictions on how the expected climate change may affect the frequency and volume of earth-surface processes have to be based on limited datasets. Tree…
Changes in Wood Anatomy in Tree Rings of Pinus pinaster Ait. Following Wounding by Flash Floods
This paper analyzes the anatomical response of Pinus pinaster Ait. following wounding by flash floods. A total of 14 wood samples were taken from 14 different scarred trees located on the river banks of the Arroyo Cabrera torrent (Spanish Central System). In addition, 20 increment cores were collected from undisturbed and healthy P. pinaster trees to build a local reference chronology. For the injured trees, analysis focused on growth changes in …
Changes and trends in debris-flow frequency since AD 1850
Although studies have repeatedly focused on feedbacks and impacts of climate change on mass movements in the past, the inter-relations between climatic variables and debris-flow occurrence remain widely unclear and ambiguous to date. Most studies on past debris-flow occurrence remained rather isolated reconstructions for single torrents or they were restricted to short time periods. It is therefore the aim of this study to provide a regional chro…
Impacts of climatic change on water and natural hazards in the Alps
Adaptation to changing water resources in the Ganges basin, northern India
The State and Fate of Himalayan Glaciers
Going More Slowly Himalayan glaciers sometimes are called the “Third Pole” because of the amount of snow and ice they contain. Despite their importance as a global water reservoir and their essential role in Asian hydrology, how their mass is changing in response to global warming is not well known. Bolch et al. (p. 310 ) review the contemporary evolution of glaciers in the Himalayan region, including those of the less well sampled region of the …
Spatio-temporal analysis of erosion and deposition in an ephemeral debris-flow torrent in the Patagonian Andes
Obstacles to data access for research related to climate and water
Seven centuries of avalanche activity at Echalp (Queyras massif, southern French Alps) as inferred from tree rings
The purpose of this study was to reconstruct spatiotemporal patterns of avalanche events in a forested avalanche path of the Queyras massif (Echalp avalanche path, southeast French Alps). Analysis of past events was based on tree-ring series from 163 heavily affected multicentennial larch trees ( Larix decidua Mill.) growing near or next to the avalanche path. A total of 514 growth disturbances, such as tangential rows of traumatic resin ducts, t…
Governing and managing water resources under changing hydro-climatic contexts
Coping with changing water resources
Dendroecological Dating of Geomorphic Disturbance in Trees
The initial employment of tree rings in geomorphic studies was simply as a dating tool and only rarely were other environmental information and records of damage contained within the tree exploited. However, these annually resolved tree-ring records also preserve valuable archives of past geomorphic processes on timescales of decades to centuries. As many of these processes are significant natural hazards, understanding their distribution, timing…
The days of plenty might soon be over in glacierized Central Asian catchments
Despite the fact that the fast-growing population of Central Asia strongly depends on glacial melt water for fresh water supply, irrigation and hydropower production, the impact of glacier shrinkage on water availability remains poorly understood. With an annual area loss of 0.36 to 0.76%, glaciers are retreating particularly fast in the northern Tien Shan, thus causing concern about future water security in the densely populated regions of Bishk…
Assessing climate change impacts on the quantity of water in Alpine regions
How to Improve Dendrogeomorphic Sampling
Knowledge of the spatial heterogeneity of wood is useful for industrial applications and improving dendrogeomorphic sampling, because it allows a better understanding of 3-D wood density structure in tree stems damaged by geomorphic processes. X-ray computed tomography (XRCT) scanning as a means of non-destructive measurement has become an important technique in tree research as it allows the detection of internal variations in wood density. In t…
Uncertainty in the Himalayan energy–water nexus
Himalayan water resources attract a rapidly growing number of hydroelectric power projects (HPP) to satisfy Asia’s soaring energy demands. Yet HPP operating or planned in steep, glacier-fed mountain rivers face hazards of glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs) that can damage hydropower infrastructure, alter water and sediment yields, and compromise livelihoods downstream. Detailed appraisals of such GLOF hazards are limited to case studies, howeve…
Comparing observed and hypothetical climates as a means of communicating to the public and policymakers
Biologic Dating Techniques
Absolute dating procedures generally focus on achieving a better understanding of geomorphic processes. More specifically, biological proxies such as tree rings, lichens, and/or corals represent valuable paleorecorders of environmental changes and can be used to date past geomorphic activity in various geographic contexts. Biological dating procedures therefore allow the reconstruction, quantification, and interpretation of geomorphic processes w…
Snow and Ice Avalanches
Avalanches are defined as large masses of snow or ice moving rapidly down a mountainside or over a precipice. Throughout history, avalanches have played an important role and have also shaped mountain societies – nowadays, they remain a threat to human lives and repeatedly damage or destroy infrastructure in mountain regions. Substantial progress has been achieved over the past few decades in the field of snow avalanche research, thereby contribu…
Dendrogeomorphology
Dendrogeomorphology is the science of using growth anomalies in tree‐ring records to infer past geomorphic activity. Tree rings have been demonstrated to be a very useful and reliable archive of past process dynamics and changes thereof because they preserve evidence of past geomorphic activity and provide critical information on the dating of past events with annual or subannual resolution. This entry documents recent progress in the research fi…
Mass Movements in Periglacial Environments
Changes in temperature and precipitation have a range of impacts, including change of glacier extent, extent and duration of snow cover, and distribution and thermal properties of permafrost. Climatic changes are also likely to affect the frequency and magnitude of mass movements, such as landslides, debris flows, rock slope failures, or ice avalanches. However, changes in mass‐movement activity can only hardly be detected in observational record…
Translating the concept of climate risk into an assessment framework to inform adaptation planning
Geography (33 obras) · Physical geography (21 obras) · Climate change (20 obras) · Environmental Science (19 obras) · Geology (16 obras) · Ecology (15 obras) · Tree-ring climate responses (13 obras) · Archaeology (12 obras) · Cryospheric studies and observations (12 obras) · Environmental resource management (11 obras)