Peter Rowley-Conwy
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 3608367 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Peter Rowley-Conwy |
| PRENOMES | Peter |
| SOBRENOME | Rowley-Conwy |
| ASSINATURA | ROWLEY-CONWY P |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of London |
| VERIFICADO | Não |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 57 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 585 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 56 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 1 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1982 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 11 |
Mesolithic Landscapes and Niche Construction
Niche construction (NC) is the manipulation of resources to increase their availability to humans. It has been insufficiently emphasized in Mesolithic Europe. Traditionally, hunter-gatherers were assumed to be incapable of environmental modification. Ethnographic work on NC has recently seen massive strides, particularly in Australia. Early British settlers did not, however, grasp that they were seeing a heavily modified landscape, because they w…
Testing the presence of cereal-type pollen grains in coastal pre-Elm Decline peat deposits
By the time of the Mid-Holocene Ulmus pollen decline (UD) ca. 5100 14 C bp (ca. 5900 cal. BP), the Neolithic was becoming well established in Britain and Ireland. The importance of cereal cultivation as part of the initial neolithization process in the British Isles is uncertain, as archaeological sites of the first Neolithic remain elusive. Palaeoecologists have recorded cereal-type pollen grains in peat deposits that pre-date the UD significant…
Zvelebil, Marek
A Meeting in the Forest
The Coneybury ‘Anomaly’ is an Early Neolithic pit located just south-east of Stonehenge, Wiltshire. Excavations recovered a faunal assemblage unique in its composition, consisting of both wild and domestic species, as well as large quantities of ceramics and stone tools, including a substantial proportion of blades/bladelets. We present a suite of new isotope analyses of the faunal material, together with ancient DNA sex determination, and recons…
Zooarchaeology and the elusive feast
Ethnographic descriptions of feasts reveal that consumption of meat is usually prominent. Zooarchaeological evidence may thus provide the best way of seeing feasts in the archaeological record. The accumulation of trophy arrays and ongoing high-status activities are confusing behaviours that may be misconstrued as archaeological evidence of feasts. A four-fold classification of zooarchaeological evidence for feasts is put forward: 'over the top' …
Economic Zooarchaeology
Modelling the earliest north-western dispersal of Mediterranean Impressed Wares
The authors attempt to specify the diffusion pattern of the Impressed-Ware Neolithic (Impresso-cardial complex, ICC), from south-eastern Italy onto the French Mediterranean coasts. Using ChronoModel® software, a Bayesian model was built with sets of dates obtained on well-contextualised, short-lived samples. The results highlight a clear tightening of the chronology in the so-called nuclear area (Apulia, Basilicata, Calabria) and a pioneer dispe…
Hunter-Gatherer Variability
Hunter-fisher-gatherer (HFG) variability has received a lot of attention. We review the key developments in the theories of variability, which have usually resulted in binary classifications. We argue that a range of variation based on the degree of territorial ownership is preferable to these classifications. Hunter-fisher-gatherers of the world’s northern coasts have only been partially explored in this way with regard to variability. A major r…
The advance of cultivation at its northern European limit
Dates for early cultivation in Finland obtained from pollen analysis and remains from archaeological sites are compared with the changes in population size derived from the summed calendar-year probability distributions. The results from these two independent proxies correlate strongly with one another indicating that population size and the advance of farming were closely linked to each other. Moreover, the results show that the adaptation and d…
Herbivore diets and the anthropogenic environment of early farming in southern Scandinavia
Farming practice in the first period of the southern Scandinavian Neolithic (Early Neolithic I, Funnel Beaker Culture, 3950–3500 cal. BC) is not well understood. Despite the presence of the first farmers and their domesticated plants and animals, little evidence of profound changes to the landscape such as widespread deforestation has emerged from this crucial early period. Bone collagen dietary stable isotope ratios of wild herbivores from south…
Foragers and Farmers in Mesolithic/Neolithic Europe, 5500–3900 cal. BC
Wild Boar or Domestic Pigs? Response to Evin et al
We continue to contest the claim by Evin et al. (2014) that Rosenhof E24 and other Mesolithic pigs were domestic. E24’s mixture of ‘wild’ and ‘domestic’ traits is best explained as indicating a behaviourally wild boar with some domestic ancestry. The fascinating complexities of this situation should not be downplayed in favour of a simplified, more newsworthy (but probably incorrect) conclusion
Mesolithic domestic pigs at Rosenhof - or wild boar? A critical re-appraisal of ancient DNA and geometric morphometrics
We challenge the claim by Krause-Kyora et al. (2013) that there were domestic pigs at Mesolithic sites in northern Germany. A small number of animals from Rosenhof and Poel have ancient DNA and geometric morphometric signatures elsewhere associated with domestic animals. At this time Neolithic farming settlements were present 150km to the south, but the Mesolithic specimens are, however, metrically wild boar, much larger than domestic pigs, and c…
The four horses of an Iron Age apocalypse
The Illerup Aadal weapon sacrifice mirrors the material world of a Germanic army from c. AD 210. Apart from the personal equipment and the weaponry of more than 400 warriors, it comprises four horses. The present paper gives the first conclusive analysis of the skeletal remains of these animals, involving osteological investigation and strontium isotope analysis. The results shed new light on the character of the sacrificial ceremonies which unfo…
Early Farming in Finland
We review the evidence for the earliest agriculture in Finland. The claims are all based on pollen analysis. Some claims go back to the Neolithic period. We contest these claims critically and argue that the ‘early cereal-type’ pollen grains may in fact come from large-grained wild grasses, and cannot be taken as clear evidence for cultivation in the absence of other lines of evidence. Cultivation of cereals in Finland may have started as late as…
Other Comparisons, Other Directions
Distinguishing Wild Boar from Domestic Pigs in Prehistory
Disease, CCR5-Δ32 and the European spread of agriculture? A hypothesis
From its origins in the Starčcevo-Körös culture of the Hungarian Plain around 5700 BC the Neolithic archaeological assemblage of the Linearbandkeramik (LBK) spread within two centuries to reach Alsace and the middle Rhine by 5500 BC, though the rapidity of the spread makes it difficult to measure using available radiocarbon evidence (Dolukhanov et al. 2005). In this same time period, during the Terminal Mesolithic, c. 5800 to 5500 BC, there is ev…
Foraging and farming as niche construction
All forager (or hunter–gatherer) societies construct niches, many of them actively by the concentration of wild plants into useful stands, small-scale cultivation, burning of natural vegetation to encourage useful species, and various forms of hunting, collectively termed ‘low-level food production’. Many such niches are stable and can continue indefinitely, because forager populations are usually stable. Some are unstable, but these usually tran…
Westward Ho
Recent work on the four major areas of the spread of agriculture in Neolithic western Europe has revealed that they are both chronologically and economically much more abrupt than has hitherto been envisaged. Most claims of a little agriculture in Late Mesolithic communities are shown to be incorrect. In most places, full sedentary agriculture was introduced very rapidly at the start of the Neolithic. "Transitional" economies are virtually absent…
Size and shape of the Eurasian wild boar ( Sus scrofa ), with a view to the reconstruction of its Holocene history
A large assortment of skulls and skeletons of recent wild boar (Sus scrofa) from across the world has been used to collect tooth and bone measurements that can be compared to those from archaeological specimens. The data provide useful information for a reconstruction of the Holocene history of the species. The evidence collected so far highlights the great variability of the species and provides a baseline to be used for the interpretation of an…
Ancient DNA, pig domestication, and the spread of the Neolithic into Europe
The Neolithic Revolution began 11,000 years ago in the Near East and preceded a westward migration into Europe of distinctive cultural groups and their agricultural economies, including domesticated animals and plants. Despite decades of research, no consensus has emerged about the extent of admixture between the indigenous and exotic populations or the degree to which the appearance of specific components of the “Neolithic cultural package” in E…
Report on two meetings held in Durham
The National Museum of Denmark 1807–2007
Pig Hunting and Husbandry in Prehistoric Italy
In this article the evidence of pig exploitation in the prehistory of the Italian peninsula and Sicily is presented. Though some differences in pig morphology seem to have existed between different parts of the country, a broadly consistent diachronic pattern of change has emerged. In the Mesolithic fairly small wild boars (with bones quite large in relation to the teeth) lived in Italy. For most of the Neolithic pigs of a similar size and shape …
The Significance of Food Storage Among Hunter-Gatherers
Some hunter-gatherer societies (the Indians of California and of the Northwest Coast, for instance) depart significantly from the commonly accepted definition. This paper demonstrates that in such societies the economic structure is based on seasonal and intensive storage of major food resources. The societies presenting this type of economic structure are (1) sedentary, (2) high-density, and (3) prone to socioeconomic inequality. These three cha…
Westward Ho
Recent work on the four major areas of the spread of agriculture in Neolithic western Europe has revealed that they are both chronologically and economically much more abrupt than has hitherto been envisaged. Most claims of a little agriculture in Late Mesolithic communities are shown to be incorrect. In most places, full sedentary agriculture was introduced very rapidly at the start of the Neolithic. "Transitional" economies are virtually absent…
Meat and Marrow Utility Indices for Horse ( )
Early Farming in Finland
We review the evidence for the earliest agriculture in Finland. The claims are all based on pollen analysis. Some claims go back to the Neolithic period. We contest these claims critically and argue that the ‘early cereal-type’ pollen grains may in fact come from large-grained wild grasses, and cannot be taken as clear evidence for cultivation in the absence of other lines of evidence. Cultivation of cereals in Finland may have started as late as…
Improved Separation of Neolithic Metapodials of Sheep ( ) and Goats ( ) from Arene Candide Cave, Liguria, Italy
Making First Farmers Younger
Herbivore diets and the anthropogenic environment of early farming in southern Scandinavia
Farming practice in the first period of the southern Scandinavian Neolithic (Early Neolithic I, Funnel Beaker Culture, 3950–3500 cal. BC) is not well understood. Despite the presence of the first farmers and their domesticated plants and animals, little evidence of profound changes to the landscape such as widespread deforestation has emerged from this crucial early period. Bone collagen dietary stable isotope ratios of wild herbivores from south…
Size and shape of the Eurasian wild boar ( Sus scrofa ), with a view to the reconstruction of its Holocene history
A large assortment of skulls and skeletons of recent wild boar (Sus scrofa) from across the world has been used to collect tooth and bone measurements that can be compared to those from archaeological specimens. The data provide useful information for a reconstruction of the Holocene history of the species. The evidence collected so far highlights the great variability of the species and provides a baseline to be used for the interpretation of an…
The Establishment of Agrarian Communities on the North European Plain [and Comments and Reply]
Zooarchaeology and the elusive feast
Ethnographic descriptions of feasts reveal that consumption of meat is usually prominent. Zooarchaeological evidence may thus provide the best way of seeing feasts in the archaeological record. The accumulation of trophy arrays and ongoing high-status activities are confusing behaviours that may be misconstrued as archaeological evidence of feasts. A four-fold classification of zooarchaeological evidence for feasts is put forward: 'over the top' …
Why didn't Westropp's 'Mesolithic' catch on in 1872
A defined 'Mesolithic' era is a fixture in the cultural sequences of European prehistory - though not of other regions of the world. Why and how did the entity come to be invented, and to take just that form
Mesolithic domestic pigs at Rosenhof - or wild boar? A critical re-appraisal of ancient DNA and geometric morphometrics
We challenge the claim by Krause-Kyora et al. (2013) that there were domestic pigs at Mesolithic sites in northern Germany. A small number of animals from Rosenhof and Poel have ancient DNA and geometric morphometric signatures elsewhere associated with domestic animals. At this time Neolithic farming settlements were present 150km to the south, but the Mesolithic specimens are, however, metrically wild boar, much larger than domestic pigs, and c…
The concept of prehistory and the invention of the terms ‘prehistoric’ and ‘prehistorian
It is usually assumed by historians of archaeology that the ‘concept of prehistory’ and the terms ‘prehistoric’ and ‘prehistorian’ first appeared in Britain and/or France in the mid-nineteenth century. This contribution demonstrates that the Scandinavian equivalent terms forhistorisk and förhistorisk were in use substantially earlier, appearing in print first in 1834. Initial usage by Molbech differed slightly from that of the present day, but wi…
Short- and long-term foraging and foddering strategies of domesticated animals from Qasr Ibrim, Egypt
The interpretation of ard marks
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Seasonal Variation in Maglemosian Group Size and Structure
A Meeting in the Forest
The Coneybury ‘Anomaly’ is an Early Neolithic pit located just south-east of Stonehenge, Wiltshire. Excavations recovered a faunal assemblage unique in its composition, consisting of both wild and domestic species, as well as large quantities of ceramics and stone tools, including a substantial proportion of blades/bladelets. We present a suite of new isotope analyses of the faunal material, together with ancient DNA sex determination, and recons…
Wild Boar or Domestic Pigs? Response to Evin et al
We continue to contest the claim by Evin et al. (2014) that Rosenhof E24 and other Mesolithic pigs were domestic. E24’s mixture of ‘wild’ and ‘domestic’ traits is best explained as indicating a behaviourally wild boar with some domestic ancestry. The fascinating complexities of this situation should not be downplayed in favour of a simplified, more newsworthy (but probably incorrect) conclusion
The Three Age System in English
The Stone – Bronze – Iron framework for ordering archaeological artifacts and epochs emerged in Denmark and southern Sweden in the years 1835–43, and is justly considered one of the defining developments in the origins of archaeology. Some of the crucial documents appeared in English in the mid-19th century. Anglophone historians of archaeology make considerable use of these, but like the Scandinavian originals they are now scarce and often canno…
On the Osteological Evidence for Palaeolithic Domestication
The advance of cultivation at its northern European limit
Dates for early cultivation in Finland obtained from pollen analysis and remains from archaeological sites are compared with the changes in population size derived from the summed calendar-year probability distributions. The results from these two independent proxies correlate strongly with one another indicating that population size and the advance of farming were closely linked to each other. Moreover, the results show that the adaptation and d…
The four horses of an Iron Age apocalypse
The Illerup Aadal weapon sacrifice mirrors the material world of a Germanic army from c. AD 210. Apart from the personal equipment and the weaponry of more than 400 warriors, it comprises four horses. The present paper gives the first conclusive analysis of the skeletal remains of these animals, involving osteological investigation and strontium isotope analysis. The results shed new light on the character of the sacrificial ceremonies which unfo…
Pig Hunting and Husbandry in Prehistoric Italy
In this article the evidence of pig exploitation in the prehistory of the Italian peninsula and Sicily is presented. Though some differences in pig morphology seem to have existed between different parts of the country, a broadly consistent diachronic pattern of change has emerged. In the Mesolithic fairly small wild boars (with bones quite large in relation to the teeth) lived in Italy. For most of the Neolithic pigs of a similar size and shape …
Iron Age Cultigen? Experimental Return Rates for Fat Hen ( Chenopodium album L.)
Archaeological finds of fat hen (Chenopodium album L.) from later prehistoric sites in Europe indicate that the plant was deliberately collected, perhaps even cultivated. Experiments are described involving the collection and processing of the plant, allowing the return rate to be calculated. The return rate is probably similar to that of cultivated cereals, which may produce more seed per unit area but require much more processing. Chenopodium a…
Iron Age Cultigen? Experimental Return Rates for Fat Hen ( Chenopodium album L.)
The Significance of Food Storage Among Hunter-Gatherers
Some hunter-gatherer societies (the Indians of California and of the Northwest Coast, for instance) depart significantly from the commonly accepted definition. This paper demonstrates that in such societies the economic structure is based on seasonal and intensive storage of major food resources. The societies presenting this type of economic structure are (1) sedentary, (2) high-density, and (3) prone to socioeconomic inequality. These three cha…
The Egehøj Cereals
The laziness of the short-distance hunter
The Origin of Agriculture in Denmark
The Single Grave (Corded Ware) Economy at Kalvø
The Bog Find from Sigersdal
(1986). The Bog Find from Sigersdal. Journal of Danish Archaeology: Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 85-115
Seasonal Variation in Maglemosian Group Size and Structure
The Establishment of Agrarian Communities on the North European Plain [and Comments and Reply]
The interpretation of ard marks
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
The Camel in the Nile Valley
The Camel in the Nile Valley
Radiocarbon Accelerator (AMS) dates from Qa,r Ibrim demonstrate that camels were present in Nubia in the early first millennium BC. Other early evidence for the camel in the Nile Valley is reviewed, and the significance of the Qa,r Ibrirn finds for the cultural history of Nubia is discussed
Rye in Viking Age Denmark
(1988). Rye in Viking Age Denmark: New Information from Oster Aalum, North Jutland. Journal of Danish Archaeology: Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 182-190
Das mesolithikum in süddeutschland. Teil 2. Naturwissenschaftliche untersuchungen
The Greenland caribou—zoogeography, taxonomy and population dynamics
Le camp néolithique de Réjolles à Biron (Charente-Maritime)
Bouchet J.-M., Burnez Claude, Fouéré P., Gruet Michel, Marambat Laurence, Rowley-Conwy Peter. Le camp néolithique de Réjolles à Biron (Charente-Maritime). In: Bulletin de la Société préhistorique française, tome 87, n°10-12, 1990. Spécial bilan de l'année de l'archéologie. pp. 368-395
On the Osteological Evidence for Palaeolithic Domestication
MtDNA, the Archaeological Record, and the Emergence of Modern Humans
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Meat, Furs and Skins
Analyse des ossements animaux trouves sur le site de Ringkloster, dans le Jutland. L'occupation saisonniere du site par les habitants d'un seul camp de base ou de plusieurs n'apparait pas clairement a l'etude des ossements. Il semble toutefois que la population exploitant les ressources de la region devait etre assez importante et basee sur la cote, s'approvisionnant en viande, en fourrures et en peaux a l'interieur des terres, et plus particulie…
Making First Farmers Younger
A hunter-gatherer Pompeii
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Why didn't Westropp's 'Mesolithic' catch on in 1872
A defined 'Mesolithic' era is a fixture in the cultural sequences of European prehistory - though not of other regions of the world. Why and how did the entity come to be invented, and to take just that form
Meat and Marrow Utility Indices for Horse ( )
Improved Separation of Neolithic Metapodials of Sheep ( ) and Goats ( ) from Arene Candide Cave, Liguria, Italy
Derivation and Application of a Food Utility Index (FUI) for European Wild Boar ( Sus scrofa L.)
A Food Utility Index (FUI) is presented for European wild boar (5us scrofa L), derived from the experimental butchery of two individuals of differing ages.The results differ from FUls produced for other species because of the different confOnTlation of the species.Application of the FUI to the wild boar assemblage from the Mesolithic site of Ringkloster (Denmark) allows increased understanding of field butchery, transport and processing of the an…
Derivation and Application of a Food Utility Index (FUI) for European Wild Boar ( Sus scrofa L.)
A Food Utility Index (FUI) is presented for European wild boar (Sus scrofa L.), derived from the experimental butchery of two individuals of differing ages. The results differ from FUIs produced for other species because of the different conformation of the species. Application of the FUI to the wild boar assemblage from the Mesolithic site of Ringkloster (Denmark) allows increased understanding of field butchery, transport and processing of the …
Archaeology (44 obras) · Geography (42 obras) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (33 obras) · Biology (25 obras) · History (24 obras) · Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology (16 obras) · Ecology (15 obras) · Historical and Archaeological Studies (12 obras) · History (11 obras) · Agriculture (10 obras)