Howard R Pollio
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 361496 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Howard R Pollio |
| PRENOMES | Howard R |
| SOBRENOME | Pollio |
| ASSINATURA | POLLIO H R |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of Tennessee at Knoxville |
| VERIFICADO | Não |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 43 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 268 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 43 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1964 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2017 |
| ÍNDICE H | 6 |
Comedians and Comic Style
Whether in the colourful cap and bells of a medieval jester, the spotted silks of a circus clown or in the immaculate garb of a late night MC, there exists a unique class of people whose very actions and behaviour set them apart from everyone else and these are the comedians. Whether they dance and fall, act foolish or faggy, are hostile or mild, or give and/or get a pie in the face, it is clear that such a group does exist as a social and phenom…
Hearing the Voices of Students and Teachers
Many contemporary researchers claim to use a phenomenological approach but seldom connect their methods to tenets from phenomenological philosophy. We describe a distinctive approach, grounded in the writings of French philosopher Maurice Merleau-Ponty, for conducting educational research. Procedures are outlined for bracketing pre-understandings of a phenomenon, interviewing, and thematizing data with assistance of an interdisciplinary interpret…
The Nature and Meaning of Body Concepts in Everyday Language and Theoretical Discourse
The Semantics of Time and Space
The Semantics of Space
Themes in the Human Experience of Nature
To identify themes in the human experience of nature, a three-part study was run. In the first part, 100 undergraduate students were asked to list three situations in which they are or were aware of nature and to describe one of these in detail. In the second part, 26 descriptions were selected from these responses, summarized to a 2- to 5-sentence format, and presented to a different group of 30 subjects who sorted them into groups on the basis …
A Fly in the Buttermilk”
(2004). “A Fly in the Buttermilk”: Descriptions of University Life by Successful Black Undergraduate Students at a Predominately White Southeastern University. The Journal of Higher Education: Vol. 75, No. 4, pp. 420-445
Implicit Double-Function Terms in Shakespeare's Use of Setting
A Phenomenological Analysis of the Anointing among Religious Serpent Handlers
Holiness-Pentecostal sects that practice serpent handling do so out of compliance with a literal interpretation of Mark 16:17-18. To investigate the meaning of this practice from within its religious context, phenomenological interviews were conducted with 8 men and 3 women who focused on specific experiences of taking up serpents. Participants reported that serpents were taken up either by faith or by the anointing, but most often by the anointi…
When the Tail Wags the Dog
Howard R. Pollio, Hall P. Beck, When the Tail Wags the Dog: Perceptions of Learning and Grade Orientation in, and by, Contemporary College Students and Faculty, The Journal of Higher Education, Vol. 71, No. 1 (Jan. - Feb., 2000), pp. 84-102
Spontaneous Production of Figurative Language and Gesture in College Lectures
To evaluate relations between the spontaneous use of figurative language and nonverbal gestures, 3 college lectures by the same professor were videotaped and scored for the occurrence of both classes of events. Results indicated that figurative language and gestures frequently occurred in bursts; these bursts were defined by the centered moving average procedure often used in operations research to detect significant variations in the rate of an …
Obituary
Obituary
The Phenomenology of Religious Serpent Handling
The ritual of religious serpent handling, among independent Holiness-Pentecostal groups of the southeastern United States, has been often construed by social scientific theories and popular media to be pathological and bizarre. Leaving aside such theoretical presuppositions regarding this practice, this study utilized phenomenological interpretation to analyze a collection of 18 extemporaneous sermons given by serpent handlers during the course o…
The Phenomenology of Everyday Life
The Phenomenology of Everyday Life presents results from a rigorous qualitative approach to the psychological study of everyday human activities and experiences. This book does not replace scientific observation with humanistic analysis, but provides an additional perspective on significant human questions. The qualitative approach this book employs is grounded in the philosophical traditions of existentialism and phenomenology, which use dialogu…
A behavioral and phenomenological analysis of audience reactions to comic performance
What audience members are aware of when listening to the comedy of Whoopi Goldberg
Themes in the experience of language
Better Teaching, More Learning
Davis argues that postsecondary instructors have to improve their performance in the classroom not only by better understanding how teachers teach, but also how learners learn. He translates recent research on learning into a form useful for college teachers, and then integrates it with current thin
The Spoken and the Unspoken
This article draws on the philosophical concept of the hermeneutical circle to explore the cultural viewpoints that underlie the meanings expressed by consumers. Phenomenological interviews were conducted with adult female consumers. The interviews are interpreted first by the identification of an exemplary image or event that we describe as a symbolic metaphor. We show that these symbolic metaphors highlight key personal meanings that each parti…
A thematic analysis of the experience of being in a role
The purpose of this study was to develop a thematic description of what individuals are aware of when asked to describe their experiences of enacting a social role. Undergraduate students (N = 139) were asked to list three situations in which they were aware of being in a role and then to describe one in detail. An interpretation of student responses yielded a thematic description defined by three aspects: (1) an ideal form (or template) for the …
Assessing Faculty Orientations towards Grades and Learning
Although college and university faculty routinely assign grades, the effect this process has on teaching and learning only infrequently has been investigated empirically. Based on prior work leading to a self-report inventory designed to assess students' orientations towards learning and grades known as LOGO II, the present work reports the results of two separate studies of the development of a similar inventory for faculty, LOGO:F. In Study 1, …
Metaphors of Death
The present study describes some of the meanings death holds for contemporary individuals. Twenty-six well-educated participants were given the Knapp metaphor inventory and asked to discuss the metaphors they chose as most closely reflecting their views of death. The results of a hermeneutic analysis of these discussions yielded three independent themes: death viewed negatively as a barrier to life's meanings, death viewed ambivalently as an esse…
The concepts and language of comic art
The Lived Meaning of Free Choice
An existential-phenomenological description of everyday consumer experiences of contemporary married women with children is offered. An idiographic case study provides a thick description of this phenomenon and illustrates the hermeneutic process used in the interpretation. Following the case study, three interpretive themes are presented as mutually related aspects of an experiential gestalt that is shaped by the contextual ground of participant…
Putting Consumer Experience Back into Consumer Research
Existential-phenomenology is presented as an alternative paradigm for conceptualizing and studying consumer experience. Basic theoretical tenets of existential-phenomenology are contrasted with more traditional assumptions and methods used in consumer research. The metaphors used by each paradigm to describe its world view are provided and their respective implications for consumer research discussed. One phenomenological research method is detai…
The Spoken and the Unspoken
This article draws on the philosophical concept of the hermeneutical circle to explore the cultural viewpoints that underlie the meanings expressed by consumers. Phenomenological interviews were conducted with adult female consumers. The interviews are interpreted first by the identification of an exemplary image or event that we describe as a symbolic metaphor. We show that these symbolic metaphors highlight key personal meanings that each parti…
The Lived Meaning of Free Choice
An existential-phenomenological description of everyday consumer experiences of contemporary married women with children is offered. An idiographic case study provides a thick description of this phenomenon and illustrates the hermeneutic process used in the interpretation. Following the case study, three interpretive themes are presented as mutually related aspects of an experiential gestalt that is shaped by the contextual ground of participant…
A Fly in the Buttermilk”
(2004). “A Fly in the Buttermilk”: Descriptions of University Life by Successful Black Undergraduate Students at a Predominately White Southeastern University. The Journal of Higher Education: Vol. 75, No. 4, pp. 420-445
When the Tail Wags the Dog
Howard R. Pollio, Hall P. Beck, When the Tail Wags the Dog: Perceptions of Learning and Grade Orientation in, and by, Contemporary College Students and Faculty, The Journal of Higher Education, Vol. 71, No. 1 (Jan. - Feb., 2000), pp. 84-102
Need metaphoric comprehension take longer than literal comprehension
The Phenomenology of Religious Serpent Handling
The ritual of religious serpent handling, among independent Holiness-Pentecostal groups of the southeastern United States, has been often construed by social scientific theories and popular media to be pathological and bizarre. Leaving aside such theoretical presuppositions regarding this practice, this study utilized phenomenological interpretation to analyze a collection of 18 extemporaneous sermons given by serpent handlers during the course o…
Targeting and the Humorous Episode in Group Process
The present experiment concerned an evaluation of the number, nature, and pattern of targeted and nontargeted humorous remarks produced by individuals in six different group settings. Results indicated that humorous targeting occurred in about two-thirds of the cases except for short-term problem-solving groups where only 36%l'o of humorous remarks were directed. For all six groups, however, the ratio of appreciative to deprecating targeted remar…
A Phenomenological Analysis of the Anointing among Religious Serpent Handlers
Holiness-Pentecostal sects that practice serpent handling do so out of compliance with a literal interpretation of Mark 16:17-18. To investigate the meaning of this practice from within its religious context, phenomenological interviews were conducted with 8 men and 3 women who focused on specific experiences of taking up serpents. Participants reported that serpents were taken up either by faith or by the anointing, but most often by the anointi…
The anomaly of anomaly
The development of figurative language in children
An evaluation of three different theories of metaphor production through the use of an intentional category mistake procedure
A Behavioural Analysis of Figurative Language in Psychotherapy
In an attempt to examine the frequency of occurrence and significance of figurative language in spoken discourse, a line-by-line analysis of such language in a single session of psychotherapy was performed. Results of such an analysis showed that for this particular case, figurative language occurred at a rate of between 3 and 6 figures per 100 words of text, and that novel, as opposed to frozen, figures tended to occur in extended bursts. These …
The Semantics of Time and Space
Metaphor as intellectual history
Article Metaphor as intellectual history: conceptual categories underlying figurative usage in American English from 1675-1975 was published on January 1, 1981 in the journal Linguistics (volume 19, issue 9-10)
The Semantics of Space
A behavioral and phenomenological analysis of audience reactions to comic performance
Better Teaching, More Learning
Davis argues that postsecondary instructors have to improve their performance in the classroom not only by better understanding how teachers teach, but also how learners learn. He translates recent research on learning into a form useful for college teachers, and then integrates it with current thin
A thematic analysis of the experience of being in a role
The purpose of this study was to develop a thematic description of what individuals are aware of when asked to describe their experiences of enacting a social role. Undergraduate students (N = 139) were asked to list three situations in which they were aware of being in a role and then to describe one in detail. An interpretation of student responses yielded a thematic description defined by three aspects: (1) an ideal form (or template) for the …
A note on pauses in spontaneous speech as a test of the derived process theory of metaphor
Variation of Inter-Item Associative Strength and Some Measures of Free Recall
Three groups of 20 Ss each were asked for the free recall of three different lists of 28 meaningful English words. Each list contained the associative responses evoked by a different Kent-Rosanoff stimulus word, and differed in the amount of its inter-item associative strength (IIAS). The words in a given list also differed in terms of the number of other words (Nc) in that list producing or cueing that word as an associate. Results showed that t…
Oppositional Serial Structures and Paired-Associate Learning
Ss were required to learn 15 paired-associates; the response terms were the words Beautiful, Pretty, Fair, Homely, and Ugly. Each of these response terms was paired with a different nonsense syllable, such that the same word was correct for 3 different nonsense stimuli. Results indicated that rate of learning and error-characteristics produced by these pairs were similar to those of other serial word orders, such as Freshman-through-Senior and On…
The Effect of Context on the Production of Hostile Associates to Ambiguous Verbal Stimuli
Six groups of 50 subjects each produced word-associates to 12 stimulus words which are subject to both a hostile and a non-hostile interpretation. For 3 of the 6 groups, the stimulus words were preceded by either a 1, 2, or 3 word hostile context, while for the 3 other groups, the stimuli were preceded by a 1, 2, or 3 word neutral context. The results showed that increasing context length for both hostile and neutral contexts served to produce mo…
General Language Deficits in Children With Articulation Problems
Sixteen 7 year-old children with normal articulation, and sixteen 7 year-old children with defective articulation were compared as to their performance on series of language tests designed to assess the child's knowledge of form class, sentence structure, and phonological composition in English. Results showed that children in the defective articulation group gave significantly fewer paradigmatic responses in a word-association test, were less ab…
Memory as a Reconstructive Process
This experiment investigated the effects of subject-defined structure on the free recall of verbal material. Four separate groups of 15 subjects each sorted four different word lists into individually defined categories. Immediately after sorting, the subjects were unexpectedly asked for a free recall of these words. All subjects' recall outputs were organized in concord with their sorting categories. Over all subjects a number of common categori…
The Comedian's World
To recover the properties serving to define the imaginary worlds evoked by contemporary comedians, word associations—more correctly, comedian associations—were gathered in response to the names of 37 currently recognizable comedians. From these data associative overlap scores were computed between all possible pairs of comedians and a factor analysis done. Eight major groupings of comedians emerged and suggested that comedians could be described …
The development of figurative language in children
A Behavioural Analysis of Figurative Language in Psychotherapy
In an attempt to examine the frequency of occurrence and significance of figurative language in spoken discourse, a line-by-line analysis of such language in a single session of psychotherapy was performed. Results of such an analysis showed that for this particular case, figurative language occurred at a rate of between 3 and 6 figures per 100 words of text, and that novel, as opposed to frozen, figures tended to occur in extended bursts. These …
The anomaly of anomaly
A test of metaphoric comprehension and some preliminary developmental data
The purposes of the present study was to develop a multiple-choice test of figurative language comprehension and to evaluate the development of such comprehension over a wide range of ages and children. To do this, samples of novel and frozen figures were selected from a corpus provided by elementary school children and then administered to 149 different children between 9 and 14 years. Results showed that the test produced was a reliable one, an…
Targeting and the Humorous Episode in Group Process
The present experiment concerned an evaluation of the number, nature, and pattern of targeted and nontargeted humorous remarks produced by individuals in six different group settings. Results indicated that humorous targeting occurred in about two-thirds of the cases except for short-term problem-solving groups where only 36%l'o of humorous remarks were directed. For all six groups, however, the ratio of appreciative to deprecating targeted remar…
Metaphor as intellectual history
Article Metaphor as intellectual history: conceptual categories underlying figurative usage in American English from 1675-1975 was published on January 1, 1981 in the journal Linguistics (volume 19, issue 9-10)
A note on pauses in spontaneous speech as a test of the derived process theory of metaphor
An evaluation of three different theories of metaphor production through the use of an intentional category mistake procedure
Need metaphoric comprehension take longer than literal comprehension
Are Funny Teenagers Creative
To assess relationships among measures of humor, creativity, and self-concept in early and late adolescents, seventh and eleventh grade students were evaluated on the basis of observational, rating, and psychometric procedures. These included direct observation of humorous events as well as teachers', peers', and raters' judgments of humorousness and creativity. Psychometric measures included the Torrance test and the Piers-Harris Self-concept Sc…
Note on Some Demographics of Laughter-Evoking Situations
Analysis of literature shows the number of laughs and targets evoking laughter are varied by contexts and situations
Putting Consumer Experience Back into Consumer Research
Existential-phenomenology is presented as an alternative paradigm for conceptualizing and studying consumer experience. Basic theoretical tenets of existential-phenomenology are contrasted with more traditional assumptions and methods used in consumer research. The metaphors used by each paradigm to describe its world view are provided and their respective implications for consumer research discussed. One phenomenological research method is detai…
The Lived Meaning of Free Choice
An existential-phenomenological description of everyday consumer experiences of contemporary married women with children is offered. An idiographic case study provides a thick description of this phenomenon and illustrates the hermeneutic process used in the interpretation. Following the case study, three interpretive themes are presented as mutually related aspects of an experiential gestalt that is shaped by the contextual ground of participant…
Metaphors of Death
The present study describes some of the meanings death holds for contemporary individuals. Twenty-six well-educated participants were given the Knapp metaphor inventory and asked to discuss the metaphors they chose as most closely reflecting their views of death. The results of a hermeneutic analysis of these discussions yielded three independent themes: death viewed negatively as a barrier to life's meanings, death viewed ambivalently as an esse…
The concepts and language of comic art
Assessing Faculty Orientations towards Grades and Learning
Although college and university faculty routinely assign grades, the effect this process has on teaching and learning only infrequently has been investigated empirically. Based on prior work leading to a self-report inventory designed to assess students' orientations towards learning and grades known as LOGO II, the present work reports the results of two separate studies of the development of a similar inventory for faculty, LOGO:F. In Study 1, …
The Spoken and the Unspoken
This article draws on the philosophical concept of the hermeneutical circle to explore the cultural viewpoints that underlie the meanings expressed by consumers. Phenomenological interviews were conducted with adult female consumers. The interviews are interpreted first by the identification of an exemplary image or event that we describe as a symbolic metaphor. We show that these symbolic metaphors highlight key personal meanings that each parti…
A thematic analysis of the experience of being in a role
The purpose of this study was to develop a thematic description of what individuals are aware of when asked to describe their experiences of enacting a social role. Undergraduate students (N = 139) were asked to list three situations in which they were aware of being in a role and then to describe one in detail. An interpretation of student responses yielded a thematic description defined by three aspects: (1) an ideal form (or template) for the …
A behavioral and phenomenological analysis of audience reactions to comic performance
Psychology (39 obras) · Linguistics (19 obras) · Language, Metaphor, and Cognition (18 obras) · Computer Science (17 obras) · Philosophy (17 obras) · Cognitive psychology (14 obras) · Social Psychology (13 obras) · Sociology (13 obras) · Epistemology (10 obras) · Cognition (9 obras)