Robert E Looney
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 3624034 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Robert E Looney |
| PRENOMES | Robert E |
| SOBRENOME | Looney |
| ASSINATURA | LOONEY R E |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Naval Postgraduate School |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-1252-1319 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 65 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 117 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 64 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 1 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1980 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2014 |
| ÍNDICE H | 6 |
Handbook of US-Middle East Relations
Economic impacts of the floods in Pakistan
As a result of the Pakistani government's failure to address the situation, severe floods have become a regular occurrence in Pakistan. Consequently, the country finds itself in a vicious cycle of falling international assistance and declining economic growth. However, the country's New Growth Strategy holds out the hope of breaking this cycle, through generating higher rates of economic growth and increased governmental accountability
Reconstruction and Peacebuilding Under Extreme Adversity
Uncontrolled levels of corruption in Iraq are fuelling the country’s sectarian conflict and creating a political economy of violence. The political economy of this conflict is very much rooted in the alarming levels of corruption that we are dealing with. A lot of the money from many sectors of the economy is diverted to sustain the violence
Pakistan's economic and security dilemma
For many years, conventional wisdom stressed that developing countries such as Pakistan face a guns versus butter trade-off, with increased defence expenditures coming at the expense of improved economic growth. Later, statistical studies suggested that, depending on the circumstances, defence expenditures could either aid or hinder economic growth. However, these studies were silent on the key role governance structures played in affecting the e…
P ostwar I raq's F inancial S ystem
Darpa's Policy Analysis Market for Intelligence
The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) was born in the uncertain days after the Soviets launched Sputnik in 1958. Its mission was to become an engine of technological change that would bridge the gap between fundamental discoveries and their military use (Bray, 2003). Over the last five decades, the Agency has efficiently gone about its business in relative obscurity, in many cases not getting as much credit as it deserved. The Age…
Petroeuros
Failed Economic Take-Offs and Terrorism in Pakistan
What are the causes of terrorism? Of the various theories put forth, the analysis below suggests that failed economic take-offs, in addition to the usual factors suggested, are an important element. This finding has a number of implications for Pakistan's economic reform programs. In addition, foreign aid programs to the country will have to be modified if their effectiveness in reducing the attractiveness of terrorism is to be increased
Hawala
Since 9/11 investigations into the al-Qaeda financial network have led to several notable successes in the United Slates and Europe. Much of this achievement in the United States has resulted from strengthening the financial investigatory powers of domestic law enforcement agencies and coordinating them through the Treasury Department's new Foreign Terrorist Asset Tracking Center. In other countries, the Paris-based Financial Action Task Force, f…
A Monetary/Exchange‐Rate Strategy for the Reconstruction of Iraq
The Effect of Declining Military Influence on Defense Budgets in Latin America
While military governments have often been a tradition in many Latin American countries, a relatively small and stable number of national resources are traditionally allocated to national defense. Recent studies on the determinants of defense spending in this region have employed data only through the mid-1980s. Since then, sweeping economic and political changes have occurred in the region. This article examines the factors influencing Latin Ame…
Foreign Capital Flows and Defence Expenditures
This analysis shows the extent to which defence expenditures have affected the borrowing decisions of the government of Pakistan. Has the government resorted to increased borrowing in these markets to expand allocations to the military? Or, in contrast, have increased defence expenditures tended to restrict access to external credit? Weapons purchased with scarce foreign exchange lead to the availability of fewer resources for the import of inves…
Pakistan's progress towards economic freedom
Contemporary South Asia, 1997, vol. 6, no. 1
Defense expenditures and budgetary patterns in selected middle eastern and mediterranean countries
This paper examines the relationship between defense spending and budgetary allocations to various programs for twelve Middle Eastern and North African/Mediterranean countries in an attempt to see if spending patterns vary systematically with changes (both anticipated and unanticipated) in the budget deficit or defense expenditures. Detailed results are presented for Syria and Oman although general patterns are discussed for all countries. Not su…
Symposium introduction
Pakistani defense expenditures and the macroeconomy
In summing up, the fiscal pattern that developed in Pakistan during the 1980s and extending to the 1990s is not sustainable. Over‐expansion in expenditures, both for defense and non‐defense purposes, together with sluggish revenues and excessive foreign borrowing have created a situation in which further growth will be increasingly constrained by debt servicing, inflation, and shortages of domestic savings for private investors. However, given th…
Leading sectors in economic development
South Asia, vol. XVII, no. 2, 1995
Iran's Economy under the Islamic Republic, Jahangir Amuzegar, London
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
The impact of defense expenditure on industrial development in the Arab Gulf
Since the mid-1970s the Gulf economies have experienced an unprecedented growth in economic output and industrial production. The benefits of rapid increases in oil revenues were also distributed to neighboring countries through financial assistance, expanded trade, and jobs for skilled and unskilled workers. Concurrent with rapid economic growth was an acceleration in regional military spending. Military purchases were partially financed by oil …
Budgetary Dilemmas in Pakistan
Asian Survey, May 1994
Budgetary Consequences of Defense Expenditures in Pakistan
In the last twenty years, there has been a growing interest in quantifying the `guns versus butter' tradeoff facing developing countries. This article examines Pakistan's military expenditures between 1973 and 1986 and estimates both a short-run impact model and long-run adjustment model to measure how changes in the defense burden, the deficit, and government debt have affected budget allocations to economic services programs and administrative/…
The Political Economy Of Defense Budgetary Tradeoffs In The Middle East
(1992). The political economy of defense budgetary tradeoffs in the Middle East. New Political Science: Vol. 11, No. 1-2, pp. 207-228
Real or illusory growth in an oil-based economy
Employment creation in an oil‐based economy
Middle Eastern Studies, July 1992. Reprinted in Tim Niblock and Rodney Wilson, The Political Economy of the Middle East (London: Edward Elgar, 1999)
The Two Faces of Islam
The Two Faces of Islam: The House of Sa'ud from Tradition to Terror, by Stephen Schwartz. New York: Doubleday, 2002. xxii + 291 pages. Notes to p. 294. Bibl to p. 302. Index to p. 312. $25. Reviewed by Robert Looney This book is highly interesting, so-phisticated, and outspoken study of Muslim beliefs and of the sectarian conflicts within that community. Stephen Schwartz, Jewish historian, presents sympathetic portrait of Islam and, in doing so, …
Defense Expenditures and Economic Growth in Developing Countries
Studies of the effect that defense spending has had on economic growth in less-developed countries have produced rather mixed results. We contend that this is because these studies have failed to take into account the relative financial constraints faced by individual countries. In an extension of the seminal work by Emile Benoit on defense spending and its effect on economic growth, I we hypothesize that relatively poor countries tend to cut bac…
Defense Expenditures, External Public Debt and Growth in Developing Countries
This study reexamines the relationship between growth and defense spending in developing countries. It differs from previous studies as it recognizes differences in the borrowing capacity of each country. We hypothesize that a negative relationship will exist between defense and economic growth in countries which are financially resource constrained, and a positive relationship will exist in countries which are relatively resource unconstrained. …
Economic Origins of the Iranian Revolution
The Effect of Declining Military Influence on Defense Budgets in Latin America
While military governments have often been a tradition in many Latin American countries, a relatively small and stable number of national resources are traditionally allocated to national defense. Recent studies on the determinants of defense spending in this region have employed data only through the mid-1980s. Since then, sweeping economic and political changes have occurred in the region. This article examines the factors influencing Latin Ame…
Economic Policy Making in Mexico
This volume argues that the Mexican crisis of August 1982, in which the country was left facing the prospect of national default and zero economic growth, was not only the result of some fundamental flaws in the country's economy, but is more accurately characterized as cash flow problem-in the author's words, a case of illiquidity rather than insolvency. Based on thorough analysis of the Mexican economy, the book assesses the effectiveness of th…
The regional impact of infrastructure investment in Mexico
Looney R. and Frederiksen P. (1981) The regional impact of infrastructure investment in Mexico, Reg. Studies 15, 285–296. Using multiple regression analysis, production functions are estimated for Mexico to examine whether infrastructure's impact on GDP differs depending on the type of investment (economic or social overhead capital) or the type of recipient region (intermediate or lagging). This possibility has been suggested by Hansen. The stat…
Militarization, Military Regimes, and the General Quality of Life in the Third World
The purpose of this article is to reexamine the debate concerning the military/civilian regime and socioeconomic performance from the perspective of comparative budgetary processes. Specifically, do budgetary patterns differ between Third World military and civilian governments? If so, do they differ to the extent that military expenditures have a regime-distinctive impact on socioeconomic expenditures and therefore on the quality of life? The ma…
Defense Expenditures and Economic Performance in South Asia
Conflict Management and Peace Science, 1991
Internal and External Factors in Effecting Third World Military Expenditures
Recent research on the determinants of Third World military expenditures has indicated that economic variables show great promise in providing a framework as to the underlying causes of Third World defense allocation decisions. Building on this research, we test the hypotheses that the level of military expenditures in developing countries is determined in large part by economic constraints relative to external (threat) factors. In general this h…
Failed Economic Take-Offs and Terrorism in Pakistan
What are the causes of terrorism? Of the various theories put forth, the analysis below suggests that failed economic take-offs, in addition to the usual factors suggested, are an important element. This finding has a number of implications for Pakistan's economic reform programs. In addition, foreign aid programs to the country will have to be modified if their effectiveness in reducing the attractiveness of terrorism is to be increased
Profiles of current Latin American arms producers
In a recent article, Stephanie Neuman examines several critical factors that separate developing countries into arms producers and arms nonproducers. She ranks countries according to a weighted index of military production capability (derived from length of production, production capacity, and technical capabilities) and also according to the following seven socioeconomic indicators: population, land size, size of military, gross national product…
Pakistan's economic and security dilemma
For many years, conventional wisdom stressed that developing countries such as Pakistan face a guns versus butter trade-off, with increased defence expenditures coming at the expense of improved economic growth. Later, statistical studies suggested that, depending on the circumstances, defence expenditures could either aid or hinder economic growth. However, these studies were silent on the key role governance structures played in affecting the e…
Hawala
Since 9/11 investigations into the al-Qaeda financial network have led to several notable successes in the United Slates and Europe. Much of this achievement in the United States has resulted from strengthening the financial investigatory powers of domestic law enforcement agencies and coordinating them through the Treasury Department's new Foreign Terrorist Asset Tracking Center. In other countries, the Paris-based Financial Action Task Force, f…
Macroeconomic Impacts of Worker Remittances on Arab World Labor Exporting Countries
The author discusses the effect of remittances from workers in oil-producing states in the Arab world on macroeconomic development patterns in non-oil-producing regions. Consideration is given to the impact of remittances on consumption and domestic growth and their interrelationships with foreign exchange. (SUMMARY IN FRE AND SPA)
Impact of Arms Production on Income Distribution and Growth in the Third World
Economic Development and Cultural Change, October 1989
State, Society and Economy in Saudi Arabia
Reconstruction and Peacebuilding Under Extreme Adversity
Uncontrolled levels of corruption in Iraq are fuelling the country’s sectarian conflict and creating a political economy of violence. The political economy of this conflict is very much rooted in the alarming levels of corruption that we are dealing with. A lot of the money from many sectors of the economy is diverted to sustain the violence
Petroeuros
A Monetary/Exchange‐Rate Strategy for the Reconstruction of Iraq
Foreign Capital Flows and Defence Expenditures
This analysis shows the extent to which defence expenditures have affected the borrowing decisions of the government of Pakistan. Has the government resorted to increased borrowing in these markets to expand allocations to the military? Or, in contrast, have increased defence expenditures tended to restrict access to external credit? Weapons purchased with scarce foreign exchange lead to the availability of fewer resources for the import of inves…
Budgetary Consequences of Defense Expenditures in Pakistan
In the last twenty years, there has been a growing interest in quantifying the `guns versus butter' tradeoff facing developing countries. This article examines Pakistan's military expenditures between 1973 and 1986 and estimates both a short-run impact model and long-run adjustment model to measure how changes in the defense burden, the deficit, and government debt have affected budget allocations to economic services programs and administrative/…
Real or illusory growth in an oil-based economy
Manpower Options in a Small Labour‐Importing State
Trends in the ethnic composition of the Kuwaiti labor force during recent years are discussed, and the effects on the country's development are assessed. The focus is on the likely shift since the Gulf War toward importing cheaper Asian labor. "The purpose of this paper is to assess whether this is a realistic alternative towards reducing the overall cost of the expatriate labour force. Which areas of the economy would be most promising in this r…
The Economic Determinants of Military Expenditure in Selected East Asian Countries
Contemporary Southeast Asia, March 1990
Structural and economic change in the Arab Gulf after 1973
Middle Eastern Studies, October 1990. Reprinted in Tim Niblock and Rodney Wilson, The Political Economy of the Middle East (London: Edward Elgar, 1999)
Mexico's Economy
The regional impact of infrastructure investment in Mexico
Looney R. and Frederiksen P. (1981) The regional impact of infrastructure investment in Mexico, Reg. Studies 15, 285–296. Using multiple regression analysis, production functions are estimated for Mexico to examine whether infrastructure's impact on GDP differs depending on the type of investment (economic or social overhead capital) or the type of recipient region (intermediate or lagging). This possibility has been suggested by Hansen. The stat…
State, Society and Economy in Saudi Arabia
Economic Origins of the Iranian Revolution
Mexican Economic Performance during the Echeverría Administration
Defense Expenditures and Economic Growth in Developing Countries
Studies of the effect that defense spending has had on economic growth in less-developed countries have produced rather mixed results. We contend that this is because these studies have failed to take into account the relative financial constraints faced by individual countries. In an extension of the seminal work by Emile Benoit on defense spending and its effect on economic growth, I we hypothesize that relatively poor countries tend to cut bac…
The impact of oil revenues on the pre‐revolutionary Iranian economy
The role played by the export sector in pre-revolutionary Iran was both straightforward and complex. It was straightforward in that any casual examination of the historical record easily shows that oil exports were by far the largest (Table 1) and most dynamic individual item in the country's export sector. Similarly, revenues from oil dominated the government's fiscal resources. Generalizations about the sector's impact on the overall economy ar…
Defense Expenditures and Economic Growth in Developing Countries
Origins of pre‐revolutionary Iran's development strategy
Profiles of current Latin American arms producers
In a recent article, Stephanie Neuman examines several critical factors that separate developing countries into arms producers and arms nonproducers. She ranks countries according to a weighted index of military production capability (derived from length of production, production capacity, and technical capabilities) and also according to the following seven socioeconomic indicators: population, land size, size of military, gross national product…
Defense Expenditures, External Public Debt and Growth in Developing Countries
This study reexamines the relationship between growth and defense spending in developing countries. It differs from previous studies as it recognizes differences in the borrowing capacity of each country. We hypothesize that a negative relationship will exist between defense and economic growth in countries which are financially resource constrained, and a positive relationship will exist in countries which are relatively resource unconstrained. …
Inflation in Pre-Crisis Mexico
El propósito de este ensayo es examinar las causas básicas de la inflación mexicana en los 70 y así formar una idea de las causas por la aceleración de la inflación en los 80. A pesar de que algunos factores estructurales fueron la causa de parte de la presión durante este período, este estudio revela que casi todos los aumentos de los precios se deben a factores monetarios
Fiscal policy in Mexico
Administrative Development
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Impact of Military Expenditures on Third World Debt
The general purpose of this paper is to determine the main causes of Third World external public debt, and in particular the role military expenditures have played in contributing to that debt, For purposes of analysis, it was found useful to separate developing countries into two groups. The first were classified as largely undynamic and resource constrained, while the second group were dynamic and less constrained by such factors as domestic sa…
Origins of pre‐revolutionary Iranian economic cycles and policy response
Middle Eastern Studies, vol 23., no 1, January 1987
Consequences of Military and Civilian Rule in Argentina
This article examines whether budget allocations to nondefense programs in Argentina between 1961 and 1982 are dependent on the share to defense, the political regime, or both. Multiple regression equations are estimated and include the defense share, two control variables, and political dummies to test for changes in the intercept and slope of the equation as the regimes change. Regimes are differentiated between (a) the first civilian and first…
Economic Policy Making in Mexico
This volume argues that the Mexican crisis of August 1982, in which the country was left facing the prospect of national default and zero economic growth, was not only the result of some fundamental flaws in the country's economy, but is more accurately characterized as cash flow problem-in the author's words, a case of illiquidity rather than insolvency. Based on thorough analysis of the Mexican economy, the book assesses the effectiveness of th…
Viability of Saudi Arabian agriculture
The Iranian economy in the 1970s
Middle Eastern Studies, October 1988
The Role of Military Expenditures in Pre‐Revolutionary Iran's Economic Decline
I told the Shah that if the Army budget were increased we could do little if any thing for agriculture, education or public health. He said, “Very well, then; we'll have to postpone those things.” This incident occurred in 1943, a year after the Shah had succeeded his father and was recounted by A. C. Millspough, then financial advisor to the Iranian government. By the 1970s, however, the Iranian government was denying the relevance of the “guns …
International Relations and Politics
Military Expenditures and Socio-Economic Development in Africa
Africa's dismal economic performance in recent years has spawned a rather vigorous debate over where to lay the blame for the contonuing crisis. The United Nations and assoviated agencies cite factors outside the control of indivedual fovernlents, and stress the detrimental inpact if the poor condition of the world economy, notably the decline in commodity prices and foreign aid. By way of contrast, the World Bank and the International Monetary F…
Economic Determinants Of Latin American Defense Expenditures
This article examines the economic determinants of military spending levels in developing countries through a time-series analysis of 10 Latin American countries. The paper integrates a number of main themes in the defense economics literature. The results indicate that a large proportion of the observed variability in military budgets can be explained by one of four alternative models that include either economic variables (gross domestic produc…
Macroeconomic consequences of the size of third world nations
Economics (52 obras) · Political science (45 obras) · Development economics (35 obras) · Defense, Military, and Policy Studies (28 obras) · Economic growth (21 obras) · Macroeconomics (19 obras) · Economy (17 obras) · Law (17 obras) · Business (15 obras) · Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth (15 obras)