Cheryl Marie Webster
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 3664876 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Cheryl Marie Webster |
| PRENOMES | Cheryl Marie |
| SOBRENOME | Webster |
| ASSINATURA | WEBSTER C M |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of Ottawa |
| VERIFICADO | Não |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 16 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 109 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 16 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2003 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 6 |
Strange Bedfellows? Stability and Politicization in Canadian Sentencing
Canadian imprisonment rates have not changed appreciably in the past 75 years. Canada has generally left sentencing to judges rather than impose strict directives through legislation. Yet, this stability hides considerable variability in process and objectives across historical eras. Until the turn of the twenty-first century, sentencing reform in Canada was about “doing policy.” The primary objective was to make the criminal justice system more …
The Will to Change
In 1997, Canada's youth custodial facilities held 3825 sentenced youths. Eighteen years later, this number was 527-an 86 percent reduction. Overall youth imprisonment (sentenced + pretrial detention) decreased by approximately 73 percent. This paper uses Canada's successful decarceration of youths to understand what might be learned about decarceration more broadly. By examining the reforms that transpired in Canada's treatment of young offenders…
Penal Optimism
Until the early 1970s, the United States and Canada both had relatively stable imprisonment rates. This paper uses Canada’s continued stability in its rate of incarceration since this period to develop two intertwined explanations for the growth in US imprisonment between 1973 and 2010. First, using data on the relative size of the growth in imprisonment of the individual states, it presents findings that suggest that increased imprisonment was i…
Weathering the Storm? Testing Long-Standing Canadian Sentencing Policy in the Twenty-First Century
In contrast with many Western nations, the structure of Canadian sentencing and its overall effects on imprisonment did not change dramatically over the past century. To a large extent, Parliament left sentencing to judges. Broadly speaking, imprisonment was seen as a necessary evil to be used sparingly. Sentencing principles legislated in 1996 largely reflected the status quo. However, the period 2006–15 reflected a dramatic break. The Conservat…
US punitiveness ‘Canadian style’? Cultural values and Canadian punishment policy
From the mid-19th century until 2006, Canadian official policy statements (from both Liberal and Conservative governments) made it clear that offending was seen as largely socially determined and that it was the state’s responsibility to try to reintegrate those who offend back into mainstream society. In this context, imprisonment was seen as a necessary evil, to be avoided wherever possible. The era since 2006 looks considerably more American t…
Creating the Will to Change
Penal reform ‘Canadian style’
To fulfil a political promise to eliminate the provincial fiscal deficit, the (conservative) Premier of Alberta cut all budgets by roughly 20 per cent in 1993–1994. As an unanticipated by-product, this political solution to a political problem resulted in a 32 per cent decrease in provincial imprisonment between 1993 and 1997. Economic imperatives created the catalyst for changes in imprisonment policies. However, the types of change and the mech…
The Parable of Ms Baker
Although Canada's overall and violent crime rate dropped dramatically between the early 1990s and 2007 and its overall imprisonment rate has been relatively stable for the past 50 years, the portion of all prisoners who have not yet been sentenced (largely remand prisoners) has increased dramatically. The remand rate tripled between 1978 and 2007. Various explanations for this increase are explored in this article. In the end, we conclude that Ca…
Out of Sight, Out of Mind
Video remand court was largely introduced as a strategy to increase bail court efficiency by reducing the time and costs associated with the transportation of prisoners from police stations/detention centres to courthouses in order to determine whether they should be released on bail or formally detained until trial. Ironically, this article presents findings from a large courthouse in Ontario, Canada which suggest that video remand actually cont…
Closing the Barn Door
Empirical data from a large sample of Canadian youth aged 13 to 17 years suggest that, although the current privacy policy framework is having a positive effect on the extent to which young people are complying with the types of behavior promoted by adults as privacy protective, its primary focus on parental supervision is inadequate to fully protect children's online privacy. Respondents with high levels of either social interaction or identity …
America in a Larger World
Punitive Trends and Stable Imprisonment Rates in Canada
The stability of Canada’s level of imprisonment from 1960 to 2005 contrasts with the increased incarceration rates experienced by Canada’s most obvious comparators—the United States and England and Wales. Canada is not immune to pressure for harsher practices and policies, but at least until the end of 2005 it countered or balanced these trends with other moderating forces. Canadians have largely minimized the impact of risk factors at the root o…
Proposition 8 and Crime Rates in California
Research Summary: In 1999, Daniel Kessler and Steven Levitt published an article that purported to provide support for the marginal deterrent effects of harsher sanctions on levels of crime. Specifically, they concluded that sentence enhancements that came into effect in California in June 1982 as a result of Proposition 8 were responsible for a subsequent drop in serious crime in this state. Our article examines the analyses and findings of this…
Countering Punitiveness
Canada's imprisonment rate has not changed appreciably since 1960. This stability contrasts with the increased imprisonment rates experienced by Canada's most obvious comparators-the United States and England and Wales. We examine this divergence and propose several interrelated explanations for Canada's anomalous pattern. While Canada is shown not to be immune to pressure for harsher practices and policies, it has been able to counter or balance…
Limites Da Justiça
O presente artigo discute a eficácia do sistema de justiça criminal na redução dos níveis de crime. Mais especificamente, examina o impacto de algumas estratégias utilitárias de justiça penal, como as da incapacitação, dissuasão e reabilitação, na prática criminal. A análise dos resultados das mais recentes investigações criminológicas sugere que o sistema de justiça penal tem sérias limitações como instrumento de controle do crime. Na realidade,…
Sentence Severity and Crime
The literature on the effects of sentence severity on crime levels has been reviewed numerous times in the past twenty-five years. Most reviews conclude that there is little or no consistent evidence that harsher sanctions reduce crime rates in Western populations. Nevertheless, most reviewers have been reluctant to conclude that variation in the severity of sentence does not have differential deterrent impacts. A reasonable assessment of the res…
Countering Punitiveness
Canada's imprisonment rate has not changed appreciably since 1960. This stability contrasts with the increased imprisonment rates experienced by Canada's most obvious comparators-the United States and England and Wales. We examine this divergence and propose several interrelated explanations for Canada's anomalous pattern. While Canada is shown not to be immune to pressure for harsher practices and policies, it has been able to counter or balance…
Sentence Severity and Crime
The literature on the effects of sentence severity on crime levels has been reviewed numerous times in the past twenty-five years. Most reviews conclude that there is little or no consistent evidence that harsher sanctions reduce crime rates in Western populations. Nevertheless, most reviewers have been reluctant to conclude that variation in the severity of sentence does not have differential deterrent impacts. A reasonable assessment of the res…
US punitiveness ‘Canadian style’? Cultural values and Canadian punishment policy
From the mid-19th century until 2006, Canadian official policy statements (from both Liberal and Conservative governments) made it clear that offending was seen as largely socially determined and that it was the state’s responsibility to try to reintegrate those who offend back into mainstream society. In this context, imprisonment was seen as a necessary evil, to be avoided wherever possible. The era since 2006 looks considerably more American t…
Proposition 8 and Crime Rates in California
Research Summary: In 1999, Daniel Kessler and Steven Levitt published an article that purported to provide support for the marginal deterrent effects of harsher sanctions on levels of crime. Specifically, they concluded that sentence enhancements that came into effect in California in June 1982 as a result of Proposition 8 were responsible for a subsequent drop in serious crime in this state. Our article examines the analyses and findings of this…
Penal reform ‘Canadian style’
To fulfil a political promise to eliminate the provincial fiscal deficit, the (conservative) Premier of Alberta cut all budgets by roughly 20 per cent in 1993–1994. As an unanticipated by-product, this political solution to a political problem resulted in a 32 per cent decrease in provincial imprisonment between 1993 and 1997. Economic imperatives created the catalyst for changes in imprisonment policies. However, the types of change and the mech…
The Will to Change
In 1997, Canada's youth custodial facilities held 3825 sentenced youths. Eighteen years later, this number was 527-an 86 percent reduction. Overall youth imprisonment (sentenced + pretrial detention) decreased by approximately 73 percent. This paper uses Canada's successful decarceration of youths to understand what might be learned about decarceration more broadly. By examining the reforms that transpired in Canada's treatment of young offenders…
Weathering the Storm? Testing Long-Standing Canadian Sentencing Policy in the Twenty-First Century
In contrast with many Western nations, the structure of Canadian sentencing and its overall effects on imprisonment did not change dramatically over the past century. To a large extent, Parliament left sentencing to judges. Broadly speaking, imprisonment was seen as a necessary evil to be used sparingly. Sentencing principles legislated in 1996 largely reflected the status quo. However, the period 2006–15 reflected a dramatic break. The Conservat…
Punitive Trends and Stable Imprisonment Rates in Canada
The stability of Canada’s level of imprisonment from 1960 to 2005 contrasts with the increased incarceration rates experienced by Canada’s most obvious comparators—the United States and England and Wales. Canada is not immune to pressure for harsher practices and policies, but at least until the end of 2005 it countered or balanced these trends with other moderating forces. Canadians have largely minimized the impact of risk factors at the root o…
Creating the Will to Change
Sentence Severity and Crime
The literature on the effects of sentence severity on crime levels has been reviewed numerous times in the past twenty-five years. Most reviews conclude that there is little or no consistent evidence that harsher sanctions reduce crime rates in Western populations. Nevertheless, most reviewers have been reluctant to conclude that variation in the severity of sentence does not have differential deterrent impacts. A reasonable assessment of the res…
Proposition 8 and Crime Rates in California
Research Summary: In 1999, Daniel Kessler and Steven Levitt published an article that purported to provide support for the marginal deterrent effects of harsher sanctions on levels of crime. Specifically, they concluded that sentence enhancements that came into effect in California in June 1982 as a result of Proposition 8 were responsible for a subsequent drop in serious crime in this state. Our article examines the analyses and findings of this…
Countering Punitiveness
Canada's imprisonment rate has not changed appreciably since 1960. This stability contrasts with the increased imprisonment rates experienced by Canada's most obvious comparators-the United States and England and Wales. We examine this divergence and propose several interrelated explanations for Canada's anomalous pattern. While Canada is shown not to be immune to pressure for harsher practices and policies, it has been able to counter or balance…
Limites Da Justiça
O presente artigo discute a eficácia do sistema de justiça criminal na redução dos níveis de crime. Mais especificamente, examina o impacto de algumas estratégias utilitárias de justiça penal, como as da incapacitação, dissuasão e reabilitação, na prática criminal. A análise dos resultados das mais recentes investigações criminológicas sugere que o sistema de justiça penal tem sérias limitações como instrumento de controle do crime. Na realidade,…
Punitive Trends and Stable Imprisonment Rates in Canada
The stability of Canada’s level of imprisonment from 1960 to 2005 contrasts with the increased incarceration rates experienced by Canada’s most obvious comparators—the United States and England and Wales. Canada is not immune to pressure for harsher practices and policies, but at least until the end of 2005 it countered or balanced these trends with other moderating forces. Canadians have largely minimized the impact of risk factors at the root o…
Closing the Barn Door
Empirical data from a large sample of Canadian youth aged 13 to 17 years suggest that, although the current privacy policy framework is having a positive effect on the extent to which young people are complying with the types of behavior promoted by adults as privacy protective, its primary focus on parental supervision is inadequate to fully protect children's online privacy. Respondents with high levels of either social interaction or identity …
America in a Larger World
The Parable of Ms Baker
Although Canada's overall and violent crime rate dropped dramatically between the early 1990s and 2007 and its overall imprisonment rate has been relatively stable for the past 50 years, the portion of all prisoners who have not yet been sentenced (largely remand prisoners) has increased dramatically. The remand rate tripled between 1978 and 2007. Various explanations for this increase are explored in this article. In the end, we conclude that Ca…
Out of Sight, Out of Mind
Video remand court was largely introduced as a strategy to increase bail court efficiency by reducing the time and costs associated with the transportation of prisoners from police stations/detention centres to courthouses in order to determine whether they should be released on bail or formally detained until trial. Ironically, this article presents findings from a large courthouse in Ontario, Canada which suggest that video remand actually cont…
Creating the Will to Change
Penal reform ‘Canadian style’
To fulfil a political promise to eliminate the provincial fiscal deficit, the (conservative) Premier of Alberta cut all budgets by roughly 20 per cent in 1993–1994. As an unanticipated by-product, this political solution to a political problem resulted in a 32 per cent decrease in provincial imprisonment between 1993 and 1997. Economic imperatives created the catalyst for changes in imprisonment policies. However, the types of change and the mech…
US punitiveness ‘Canadian style’? Cultural values and Canadian punishment policy
From the mid-19th century until 2006, Canadian official policy statements (from both Liberal and Conservative governments) made it clear that offending was seen as largely socially determined and that it was the state’s responsibility to try to reintegrate those who offend back into mainstream society. In this context, imprisonment was seen as a necessary evil, to be avoided wherever possible. The era since 2006 looks considerably more American t…
Weathering the Storm? Testing Long-Standing Canadian Sentencing Policy in the Twenty-First Century
In contrast with many Western nations, the structure of Canadian sentencing and its overall effects on imprisonment did not change dramatically over the past century. To a large extent, Parliament left sentencing to judges. Broadly speaking, imprisonment was seen as a necessary evil to be used sparingly. Sentencing principles legislated in 1996 largely reflected the status quo. However, the period 2006–15 reflected a dramatic break. The Conservat…
Penal Optimism
Until the early 1970s, the United States and Canada both had relatively stable imprisonment rates. This paper uses Canada’s continued stability in its rate of incarceration since this period to develop two intertwined explanations for the growth in US imprisonment between 1973 and 2010. First, using data on the relative size of the growth in imprisonment of the individual states, it presents findings that suggest that increased imprisonment was i…
The Will to Change
In 1997, Canada's youth custodial facilities held 3825 sentenced youths. Eighteen years later, this number was 527-an 86 percent reduction. Overall youth imprisonment (sentenced + pretrial detention) decreased by approximately 73 percent. This paper uses Canada's successful decarceration of youths to understand what might be learned about decarceration more broadly. By examining the reforms that transpired in Canada's treatment of young offenders…
Strange Bedfellows? Stability and Politicization in Canadian Sentencing
Canadian imprisonment rates have not changed appreciably in the past 75 years. Canada has generally left sentencing to judges rather than impose strict directives through legislation. Yet, this stability hides considerable variability in process and objectives across historical eras. Until the turn of the twenty-first century, sentencing reform in Canada was about “doing policy.” The primary objective was to make the criminal justice system more …
Criminal Justice and Corrections Analysis (15 obras) · Political science (14 obras) · Criminology (12 obras) · Law (12 obras) · Law (12 obras) · Crime Patterns and Interventions (10 obras) · Sociology (10 obras) · Imprisonment (8 obras) · Psychology (7 obras) · Criminal justice (5 obras)