Ruth Macklin

Dados Biográficos

ID3668690
NOMERuth Macklin
PRENOMESRuth
SOBRENOMEMacklin
ASSINATURAMACKLIN R
AFILIAÇÕESAlbert Einstein College of Medicine
ORCID0000-0001-9749-2037
VERIFICADOSim
TOTAL DE OBRAS64
TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES25
TOTAL COMO AUTOR64
TOTAL COMO EDITOR0
PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO1967
ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO2022
ÍNDICE H3

  • Another Defense of Common Morality

    Open AccessRuth MacklinARTICLECambridge Quarterly of Healthcare…2022

    Robert Baker and Rosamond Rhodes each argue against the universality “common morality,” the approach to ethics that comprises four fundamental principles and their application in various settings. Baker contends that common morality cannot account for cultural diversity in the world and claims that a human rights approach is superior in the context of global health. Rhodes maintains that bioethics is not reducible to common morality because medic…

  • Plus ça Change, Plus C'est la Même Chose

    Ruth MacklinARTICLESocial research2020

    Plus ça Change, Plus C'est la Même Chose Ruth Macklin (bio) it is striking to see similar themes in articles written 35 years ago about the AIDS epidemic and reports today in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic. While there are many similarities between the decadeslong AIDS epidemic, which continues to rage in many countries, and the COVID-19 pandemic, differences exist as well. In this brief commentary, I draw on articles in this collection to il…

  • Challenges Working with Presidential Bioethics Commissions

    Open AccessRuth MacklinARTICLEThe Hastings Center Report2017

    Presidential commissions come and go by design, and it is reasonable to wonder about the impact of their recommendations. I have been involved in the work of two presidential commissions: as a member of the Advisory Committee on Human Radiation Experiments (from 1994 to 1995) and as senior consultant to the National Bioethics Advisory Commission (from 1999 to 2000) for its report on multinational research. I continue to reflect on and look for th…

  • Seamus Heaney and the “place of writing”

    Ruth MacklinARTICLEIrish Studies Review2016Referências: 2

    This article re-examines the significance of redress for Seamus Heaney’s poetry and prose by illustrating that redress is a deeply considered intellectual construct which incites, facilitates and renews creativity throughout Heaney’s career. Redress neither constitutes a project of self-fashioning nor indicates uncertainty in terms of equivocation. Rather, it suggests Heaney’s characteristic uncertainty of how to create a space for himself from a…

  • Cluster Randomized Trials

    Open AccessRuth MacklinARTICLEThe Hastings Center Report2014

  • Judicial, Legislative, and Professional Attempts to Restrict Pregnant Women's Autonomy

    Open AccessRuth MacklinARTICLEThe AMA Journal of Ethic2014

    Physicians may and should make recommendations to women for maintaining a healthy pregnancy, but until the time a baby is born, the pregnant woman alone should have the last word in deciding what happens to her fetus

  • Twelve Years of Fogarty-Funded Bioethics Training in Latin America and the Caribbean

    Open AccessCarla Saénz, Elizabeth Heitman et al.ARTICLEJournal of Empirical Research on…2014Citada por: 6

    The landscape in research ethics has changed significantly in Latin America and the Caribbean over the past two decades. Research ethics has gone from being a largely foreign concept and unfamiliar practice to an integral and growing feature of regional health research systems. Four bioethics training programs have been funded by the Fogarty International Center (FIC) in this region in the past 12 years. Overall, they have contributed significant…

  • Aesthetic Enhancement? Or Human Rights Violation

    Open AccessRuth MacklinARTICLEThe Hastings Center Report2012

    The view that we must respect cultural traditions is a welcome change from the past, when colonial powers ridiculed native customs and often sought to eradicate them. Nevertheless, it is reasonable to ask whether there is a limit to tolerance of a ritual that has been designated a “harmful traditional practice” by the United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, the United Nations Population Fund, and the recently created agen…

  • Ethics in Global Health

    Ruth MacklinBOOKEthics in global health2012

    EIGHT Toward a Theory of Vulnerability Part Two Multinational Research NINE Universality of the Nuremberg Code TEN A Defense of Fundamental Principles and Human Rights: A Response to Baker ELEVEN Justice in International Research TWELVE Is Ethics Universal? Gender, Science, and Culture in Reproductive Health Research THIRTEEN After Helsinki: Unresolved Issues in International Research FOURTEEN Four Forward-looking Guidance Points FIFTEEN Avoiding…

  • A global ethics approach to vulnerability

    Ruth MacklinARTICLEInternational Journal of Feminist…2012

  • Ethical challenges in HIV microbicide research

    Ruth MacklinARTICLEInternational Journal of Feminist…2011

    Finding an effective method that can lower women’s risk of HIV infection is an ethical imperative. A vaginal microbicide is a preventive method that can be controlled by women. Well-designed scientific research has already yielded modest success, yet more research is needed in order to develop an even better product. But just as research must be scientifically sound, it must also be ethically sound. Ethical challenges in HIV microbicide research …

  • Standards and Practices in a Diverse World

    Open AccessCheryl Macpherson, Cheryl C Macpherson et al.ARTICLEDeveloping World Bioethics2010

  • Global Health

    Ruth Macklin, Bonnie SteinbockCHAPTERThe Oxford handbook of bioethics2009

    This article focuses on the access of people in developing countries to medications and medical services that are readily available to inhabitants of industrialized countries. There are, of course, other critical dimensions of public health that require action on a global scale. These include relief for large numbers of people who are starving or living at nearly subsistence levels; provision of a supply of clean, potable water for populations de…

  • Non-State Actors in the Human Rights Universe

    Zehra F Kabasakal Arat, K Bales et al.BOOKNon-State Actors in the Human…2006

    Departing from analyses that focus on the role of the state in the arena of human rights, the authors of this original collection offer conceptually sophisticated, but accessible, discussions of the role and responsibility of nonstate actors with regard to the violation, promotion, and protection of human rights

  • Yet Another Guideline? The Unesco Draft Declaration

    Open AccessRuth MacklinARTICLEDeveloping World Bioethics2005

    Some people might argue that there are already too many different documents, guidelines, and regulations in bioethics. Some overlap with one another, some are advisory and lack legal force, others are legally binding in countries, and still others are directed at narrow topics within bioethics, such as HIV/AIDS and human genetics. As the latest document to enter the fray, the UNESCO Declaration has the widest scope of any previous document. It em…

  • Scaling up HIV Testing

    Open AccessRuth MacklinARTICLEHealth and Human Rights2005Citada por: 2

    H 1IV testing is not an end in itself. It is instead a means to an end, in which the ethically acceptable ends are care and access to treatment for people found to be infected and access to adequate preventive means for those who are uninfected. It is obvious that testing is required in order to know who is eligible for treatment. Critical to the testing process, however, is systematically linking testing with existing or planned treatment or pre…

  • Rationally Defensible Standards for Research in Developing Countries

    Open AccessSolomon R Benatar, Solomon Benatar et al.ARTICLEHealth and Human Rights2004Referências: 1

    D ebates on ethical requirements for conducting international collaborative medical research in developing countries have achieved considerable prominence in recent years. The stark implications of the HIV/AIDS pandemic, major escalation of clinical research in developing countries, and the imbalance of only 10% of world medical research expenditure on diseases causing 90% of the global burden of disease have rekindled concern about relationships…

  • Dignity is a useless concept

    Open AccessRuth MacklinARTICLEBMJ2003

    It means no more than respect for persons or their autonomy Appeals to human dignity populate the landscape of medical ethics. Claims that some feature of medical research or practice violates or threatens human dignity abound, often in connection with developments in genetics or reproductive technology. But are such charges coherent? Is dignity a useful concept for an ethical analysis of medical activities? A close inspection of leading examples…

  • Research ethics for mental health science involving ethnic minority children and youths

    Celia B Fisher, Kimberly Hoagwood et al.ARTICLEAmerican Psychologist2002

    In response to U.S. Public Health Service projects promoting attention to disparities in the outcomes of mental health treatments, in July 2001, the American Psychological Association, the National Institute of Mental Health, and the Fordham University Center for Ethics Education convened a group of national leaders in bioethics, multicultural research, and ethnic minority mental health to produce a living document to guide ethical decision makin…

  • Four Forward‐looking Guidance Points

    Open AccessRuth MacklinARTICLEDeveloping World Bioethics2001

    Four key guidance points in the UNAIDS guidance document, Ethical Considerations in HIV Preventive Vaccine Research, are compared with analogous statements in three other recently issued documents dealing with international research. Those documents are: the Declaration of Helsinki, as revised in 2000; the report of the U.S. National Bioethics Advisory Commission, issued in 2001; and a current (2001) draft revision of the 1993 CIOMS International…

  • Ethics, politics, and human embryo stem cell research

    Open AccessRuth MacklinARTICLEWomen s Health Issues2000

  • A Defense of Fundamental Principles and Human Rights

    Ruth MacklinARTICLEKennedy Institute of Ethics Journal1998

    This article seeks to rebut Robert Baker's contention that attempts to ground international bioethics in fundamental principles cannot withstand the challenges posed by multiculturalism and postmodernism. First, several corrections are provided of Baker's account of the conclusions reached by the Advisory Committee on Human Radiation Experiments. Second, a rebuttal is offered to Baker's claim that an unbridgeable moral gap exists between Western …

  • Debate on the paper by Fernando Zegers-Hochschild

    Open AccessRuth MacklinARTICLECadernos de Saude Publica1998

  • Circumcision Revisited

    Ross Kessel, Frank Miller et al.ARTICLEThe Hastings Center Report1997

  • The Twelve Methods of Bioethics

    Open AccessRuth MacklinARTICLEThe Hastings Center Report1997

    (To be sung to the tune of “The Twelve Days of Christmas”) In the first wave of ethics, the method sent to me: respect for auto-ho-no-my. In the second wave of ethics, the method sent to me: nonmaleficence, and respect for auto-ho-no-my. In the third wave of ethics, the method sent to me: beneficence, nonmaleficence, and respect for auto-ho-no-my. In the fourth wave of ethics, the method sent to me: four rules of justice, beneficence, nonmalefice…