David L Roth
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 373659 |
|---|---|
| NOME | David L Roth |
| PRENOMES | David L |
| SOBRENOME | Roth |
| ASSINATURA | ROTH D L |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of Alabama at Birmingham |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-2105-0536 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 56 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 202 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 56 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1974 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 7 |
Longitudinal impact of transition to caregiving on cognitive functioning
Objectives Chronic stress has a strong theoretical link to poorer cognitive aging outcomes. Stress from caregiving, especially dementia caregiving, is associated with worse cognition; however, most prior studies have serious methodological limitations. We examined the longitudinal impact of caregiving transitions (including dementia caregiving) on cognition, compared to carefully matched non-caregiver controls, and the possible mediating role of …
Transitions to Family Caregiving and Latent Variables of Systemic Inflammation Over Time
Circulating levels of inflammatory biomarkers may be influenced by chronic psychological stressors such as those experienced by family caregivers. However, previous studies have found mostly small and inconsistent differences between caregivers and control samples on individual measures of systemic inflammation. Latent variables of inflammation were extracted from six biomarkers collected from two blood samples over 9 years apart for 502 particip…
Examining the Malleability of Negative Views of Aging, Self-Efficacy Beliefs, and Behavioral Intentions in Middle-Aged and Older Adults
NCT0329948
Long-Term Effects of Cognitive Training on All-Cause Mortality in US Older Adults
Objectives: Cognitive abilities have been implicated as predictors of mortality in older adults. This study examines the effects of cognitive training on mortality 20 years post-intervention. Methods: Data come from the Advanced Cognitive Training for Independent and Vital Elderly (ACTIVE) randomized control trial (N = 2802). Participants were cognitively and physically healthy, community-dwelling adults aged 65 and older. Cox proportional hazard…
Racial differences in persistence to secondary prevention medication regimens after ischemic stroke
Medication persistence was high in this sample, likely due to the presence of a caregiver. In our cohort, despite similar prescription rates at the time of hospital discharge, Black stroke survivors were more than twice as likely to stop antithrombotics than Whites. The effect of changes in patterns of medication usage on health outcomes in Black stroke survivors warrants continued investigation
Change in Social Engagement among Incident Caregivers and Controls
Objectives: We aimed to compare incident family caregivers and matched controls on change in social network variables and satisfaction with social activities. Methods: A total of 479 participants from the Caregiving Transitions Study were included in the analysis, 244 (50.9%) of whom began substantial and sustained caregiving between baseline and follow-up interviews. We assessed associations between incident caregiving and change in social netwo…
A Longitudinal Study of Religiosity, Spiritual Health Locus of Control, and Health Behaviors in a National Sample of African Americans
The Epidemiology of Social Isolation
Social isolation is an important and potentially modifiable risk that affects a significant proportion of the older adult population
The relationship between religious beliefs and behaviours and changes in Spiritual Health Locus of Control over time in a national sample of African-Americans
Using data from a sample of African Americans, the present study examined the role of religious beliefs and behaviors in predicting changes in spiritual health locus of control (SHLOC), or beliefs about the role that God plays in a person's health. A national sample of African American adults was recruited using a telephone survey and re-contacted 2.5 years later. Overall, results indicated that both higher religious beliefs and behaviors predict…
Longitudinal effects of religious involvement on religious coping and health behaviors in a national sample of African Americans
Socioeconomic Status, Race/Ethnicity, and Diurnal Cortisol Trajectories in Middle-Aged and Older Adults
African American race/ethnicity, but not lower SES, was associated with lower waking cortisol and slower afternoon decline in middle-aged and older adults. This pattern is likely a marker of earlier biological aging in vulnerable groups. Race/ethnicity may compete with SES as a measure of cumulative vulnerability
Attendance and Retention of Older Adults in School-Based Volunteer Activities
This study examined the relationship between school climate (e.g., safety, resources, learning environment) and average weekly attendance (hours/week) and retention (total weeks volunteered) of older adults in school-based volunteer roles within the Baltimore Experience Corps Trial. The sample included 298 older adults (age 67.3 ± 5.9; 86.9% female; 91.3% African American). We assessed eight dimensions of school climate rated by school staff and …
Distinct age and self-rated health crossover mortality effects for African Americans
Religious Involvement and Health Over Time
In this study, two telephone interviews that assessed both religious involvement and health-related quality of life were conducted approximately 2.5 years apart in a national sample of 290 African Americans. Religious involvement was assessed with an instrument that measured both personal religious beliefs (e.g., having a personal relationship with God) and more public religious behaviors (e.g., attending church services). Health-related quality …
Informal Caregiving and Its Impact on Health
Considerable research and public discourse on family caregiving portrays it as a stressful and burdensome experience with serious negative health consequences. A landmark study by Schulz and Beach that reported higher mortality rates for strained spouse caregivers has been widely cited as evidence for the physical health risks of caregiving and is often a centerpiece of advocacy for improved caregiver services. However, 5 subsequent population-ba…
Positive Aspects of Family Caregiving for Dementia
PAC scores differ significantly by race. In addition, 2 items with meaningful race DIF identify content areas that are particularly relevant to the cultural experiences of African American caregivers
Household and neighborhood conditions partially account for associations between education and physical capacity in the National Health and Aging Trends Study
Increases in Lifestyle Activities as a Result of Experience Corps® Participation
Development of the Primary Care Quality-Homeless (PCQ-H) Instrument
BACKGROUND: Homeless patients face unique challenges in obtaining primary care responsive to their needs and context. Patient experience questionnaires could permit assessment of patient-centered medical homes for this population, but standard instruments may not reflect homeless patients' priorities and concerns. OBJECTIVES: This report describes (a) the content and psychometric properties of a new primary care questionnaire for homeless patient…
Religion and Health in African Americans
Findings have implications for theory and health promotion activities for African Americans
Speed of Processing Training in the Active Study
Cognitive performance improved by 2.5 standard deviations for participants who attended all 10 initial sessions and all 8 booster sessions compared to randomized participants who attended none. Implications for the broader application of cognitive training interventions are discussed
Positive and Negative Religious Beliefs Explaining the Religion–Health Connection Among African Americans
Theory and literature suggests that the reason religiously-involved people tend to have good health outcomes is because they have healthy lifestyles and behaviors in accord with religious beliefs. Other literature suggests that religious involvement may play a negative role in health outcomes due to beliefs about illness originating as punishment for sins. These ideas were tested as part of a theoretical model of the religion-health connection, i…
Comparing Homeless Persons’ Care Experiences in Tailored Versus Nontailored Primary Care Programs
Objectives. We compared homeless patients’ experiences of care in health care organizations that differed in their degree of primary care design service tailoring. Methods. We surveyed homeless-experienced patients (either recently or currently homeless) at 3 Veterans Affairs (VA) mainstream primary care settings in Pennsylvania and Alabama, a homeless-tailored VA clinic in California, and a highly tailored non-VA Health Care for the Homeless Pro…
Measuring Symptoms in Community-dwelling Older Adults
BACKGROUND: With aging, the probability of experiencing multiple chronic conditions has increased, along with symptoms associated with these conditions. Symptoms form a central component of illness burden, and distress. To date, most symptom measures have focused on a particular disease population. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to develop and evaluate a simple symptom screen using data obtained from a representative sample of community-dwelling older adult…
Functional status, life-space mobility, and quality of life
Social isolation, support, and capital and nutritional risk in an older sample
The Epidemiology of Social Isolation
Social isolation is an important and potentially modifiable risk that affects a significant proportion of the older adult population
Positive Aspects of Family Caregiving for Dementia
PAC scores differ significantly by race. In addition, 2 items with meaningful race DIF identify content areas that are particularly relevant to the cultural experiences of African American caregivers
Religious Involvement and Health Over Time
In this study, two telephone interviews that assessed both religious involvement and health-related quality of life were conducted approximately 2.5 years apart in a national sample of 290 African Americans. Religious involvement was assessed with an instrument that measured both personal religious beliefs (e.g., having a personal relationship with God) and more public religious behaviors (e.g., attending church services). Health-related quality …
Comparing Homeless Persons’ Care Experiences in Tailored Versus Nontailored Primary Care Programs
Objectives. We compared homeless patients’ experiences of care in health care organizations that differed in their degree of primary care design service tailoring. Methods. We surveyed homeless-experienced patients (either recently or currently homeless) at 3 Veterans Affairs (VA) mainstream primary care settings in Pennsylvania and Alabama, a homeless-tailored VA clinic in California, and a highly tailored non-VA Health Care for the Homeless Pro…
Effects of a Caregiver Intervention on Negative Caregiver Appraisals of Behavior Problems in Patients With Alzheimer's Disease
Behavioral problems are among the most challenging aspects of caring for a person with Alzheimer's disease. A sample of 406 spouses-caregivers of patients with Alzheimer's disease was randomized to an active multicomponent counseling and support intervention condition or to a usual care condition. Caregivers reported on the frequency of troublesome patient behaviors and their reactions to them at baseline and at regular follow-up interviews. Rand…
Household and neighborhood conditions partially account for associations between education and physical capacity in the National Health and Aging Trends Study
Predictors of improvement in social support
Development and Validation of Instruments to Assess Potential Religion-Health Mechanisms in an African American Population
The health disparities that negatively affect African Americans are well-documented; however, there are also many sociocultural factors that may play a protective role in health outcomes. Religious involvement is noted to be important in the African American community and to have a positive association with health outcomes. However, few studies have explained why this relationship exists. This article reports on the development and validation of …
Caregiving Strain and All-Cause Mortality
High perceived caregiving strain is associated with increased all-cause mortality after controlling for appropriate covariates. High caregiving strain constitutes a significant health concern and these caregivers should be targeted for appropriate interventions
Effects of trait anger and anger expression style on competitive attack responses in a wartime prisoner’s dilemma game
We assessed the role of trait anger and anger expression style on competitive/aggressive decision making and responding. In a 100‐trial iterated Prisoner’s Dilemma (IPD), with instructions to simulate wartime interactions, competition/aggression was defined as “attacking the opponent,” and “waiting for troop reinforcements” was the noncompetitive alternative response. Prior to play, 92 university student players completed the State‐Trait Anger Ex…
Increases in Lifestyle Activities as a Result of Experience Corps® Participation
Positive and Negative Religious Beliefs Explaining the Religion–Health Connection Among African Americans
Theory and literature suggests that the reason religiously-involved people tend to have good health outcomes is because they have healthy lifestyles and behaviors in accord with religious beliefs. Other literature suggests that religious involvement may play a negative role in health outcomes due to beliefs about illness originating as punishment for sins. These ideas were tested as part of a theoretical model of the religion-health connection, i…
Examining the Malleability of Negative Views of Aging, Self-Efficacy Beliefs, and Behavioral Intentions in Middle-Aged and Older Adults
NCT0329948
Longitudinal effects of religious involvement on religious coping and health behaviors in a national sample of African Americans
Socioeconomic Status, Race/Ethnicity, and Diurnal Cortisol Trajectories in Middle-Aged and Older Adults
African American race/ethnicity, but not lower SES, was associated with lower waking cortisol and slower afternoon decline in middle-aged and older adults. This pattern is likely a marker of earlier biological aging in vulnerable groups. Race/ethnicity may compete with SES as a measure of cumulative vulnerability
Distinct age and self-rated health crossover mortality effects for African Americans
Predictors of Time to Nursing Home Placement in White and African American Individuals With Dementia
Findings suggest that stress-process variables are critical factors in Time to NHP; however, these variables do not explain fully the difference in Time to NHP seen in White and African American care recipients
Life events, fitness, hardiness, and health
The effects of exercise participation, self-perceived fitness level, and dispositional hardiness for promoting stress resistance were examined in a sample of 373 college students. Self-report measures of stressful life experience and recent physical illness were positively correlated, and fitness and hardiness were negatively correlated with illness as expected. Multiple regression analyses indicated that neither fitness nor hardiness provided a …
Dimensions of favorable self-presentation
Speed of Processing Training in the Active Study
Cognitive performance improved by 2.5 standard deviations for participants who attended all 10 initial sessions and all 8 booster sessions compared to randomized participants who attended none. Implications for the broader application of cognitive training interventions are discussed
Analysis of Cognitive, Functional, Health Service Use, and Cost Trajectories Prior to and Following Memory Loss
Preclinical declines in mental status and function and increases in hospital use and OOPMD are apparent prior to the formal identification of memory problems. Earlier identification of these changes might provide a basis for interventions that could alter the clinical course of dementia
Factors in the Self-Deception Questionnaire
Disagreement presently exists over whether depressed or nondepressed persons exercise more cognitive distortion on material about the self. A negative correlation between the Self-Deception Questionnaire (SDQ, Sackeim & Gur, 1978, 1979) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI, Beck, 1967) has been cited as evidence that it is the nondepressed individuals who exercise more distortion (Sackeim, 1983). This negative correlation was replicated, and th…
Spatial Representations and Psychopathology
Long-Term Effects of Cognitive Training on All-Cause Mortality in US Older Adults
Objectives: Cognitive abilities have been implicated as predictors of mortality in older adults. This study examines the effects of cognitive training on mortality 20 years post-intervention. Methods: Data come from the Advanced Cognitive Training for Independent and Vital Elderly (ACTIVE) randomized control trial (N = 2802). Participants were cognitively and physically healthy, community-dwelling adults aged 65 and older. Cox proportional hazard…
Spatial Representations and Psychopathology
Self-Punishment and Depression
The relationship between depression and the behavior of self-administered reward and punishment was examined among college students. Students scoring high and low on the Beck Depression Inventory were compared on a memory task on which they were to self-reward or self-punish their responses. There were no differences in actual accuracy of memory or in frequency of self-reward, but depressed subjects gave themselves more self-punishment. The resul…
Influence of Physical Fitness in Determining the Impact of Stressful Life Events on Physical and Psychologic Health
To determine whether physical fitness (aerobic capacity) moderated the relationship between stressful life events and subsequent illness, 112 subjects first reported their life changes (stress) for the preceeding 12 months and then had their fitness assessed with a submaximal bicycle ergometer test. For the next 9 weeks, the subjects kept records concerning their physical health (e.g., ailments, doctor visits, medication usage), and at the end of…
Factors in the Self-Deception Questionnaire
Disagreement presently exists over whether depressed or nondepressed persons exercise more cognitive distortion on material about the self. A negative correlation between the Self-Deception Questionnaire (SDQ, Sackeim & Gur, 1978, 1979) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI, Beck, 1967) has been cited as evidence that it is the nondepressed individuals who exercise more distortion (Sackeim, 1983). This negative correlation was replicated, and th…
Dimensions of favorable self-presentation
Influence of aerobic exercise training and relaxation training on physical and psychologic health following stressful life events
An experiment was conducted to determine whether aerobic exercise training or relaxation training would be effective for reducing the deleterious effects of life stress on physical and psychologic health. Over 1000 college students were surveyed, and 55 of those who reported experiencing a high number of negative life events over the preceding year were assigned to an aerobic exercise training condition, a relaxation training condition, or a no-t…
Life events, fitness, hardiness, and health
The effects of exercise participation, self-perceived fitness level, and dispositional hardiness for promoting stress resistance were examined in a sample of 373 college students. Self-report measures of stressful life experience and recent physical illness were positively correlated, and fitness and hardiness were negatively correlated with illness as expected. Multiple regression analyses indicated that neither fitness nor hardiness provided a …
Appraisal, coping, and social support as mediators of well-being in Black and White family caregivers of patients with Alzheimer's disease.
Psychological Improvements Associated With Behavioral and Drug Treatment of Urge Incontinence in Older Women
The purpose of this study was to explore changes in psychological distress associated with behavioral treatment and drug treatment for urge incontinence in community-dwelling older women. Participants were 197 ambulatory, nondemented women (aged 55 years or older) with persistent urge urinary incontinence. Participants were patients in a randomized clinical trial comparing biofeedback-assisted behavioral treatment, drug treatment with oxybutynin …
Timed-Event Sequential Analysis of Agitation in Nursing Home Residents During Personal Care Interactions With Nursing Assistants
Computer-assisted behavioral observation data were collected from 66 nursing home residents while they received assistance during personal care routines from a certified nursing assistant (CNA). Data were collected both before and after a comprehensive behavior-management and communication-skills training program was delivered to the nursing staff. A total of 30 residents showed 6 or more episodes of disruptive vocalization or other forms of agit…
Effects of trait anger and anger expression style on competitive attack responses in a wartime prisoner’s dilemma game
We assessed the role of trait anger and anger expression style on competitive/aggressive decision making and responding. In a 100‐trial iterated Prisoner’s Dilemma (IPD), with instructions to simulate wartime interactions, competition/aggression was defined as “attacking the opponent,” and “waiting for troop reinforcements” was the noncompetitive alternative response. Prior to play, 92 university student players completed the State‐Trait Anger Ex…
Association of Physical Activity and Visual Attention in Older Adults
The preservation of visual attention skills across the life span may be more highly correlated with regular participation in exercise training activities than it is with more general occupational and leisure-related physical activity
Predictors of Agitation in Nursing Home Residents
Agitation in nursing home residents presents a serious challenge to caregivers and may place residents at risk for harm. Understanding the etiology of agitation can assist clinicians in developing nonpharmacologic interventions for preventing and treating this problem. The purpose of this study was to examine independent and common predictors of resident agitation with structural equation modeling. Agitation was measured with both a standardized …
Predictors of Time to Nursing Home Placement in White and African American Individuals With Dementia
Findings suggest that stress-process variables are critical factors in Time to NHP; however, these variables do not explain fully the difference in Time to NHP seen in White and African American care recipients
Effects of a Caregiver Intervention on Negative Caregiver Appraisals of Behavior Problems in Patients With Alzheimer's Disease
Behavioral problems are among the most challenging aspects of caring for a person with Alzheimer's disease. A sample of 406 spouses-caregivers of patients with Alzheimer's disease was randomized to an active multicomponent counseling and support intervention condition or to a usual care condition. Caregivers reported on the frequency of troublesome patient behaviors and their reactions to them at baseline and at regular follow-up interviews. Rand…
Assessing Mobility in Older Adults
Background and Purpose. The University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) Study of Aging Life-Space Assessment (LSA) is a relatively new instrument to measure mobility. The purpose of this report is to describe the relationships between LSA and traditional measures of physical function, sociodemographic characteristics, depression, and cognitive status. Subjects. Subjects were a stratified random sample of 998 Medicare beneficiaries aged ≥65 years. T…
Caregiver Appraisals of Functional Dependence in Individuals With Dementia and Associated Caregiver Upset
The CAFU is easily administered, reliable, and valid for evaluating appraisals of dependencies and upsetting care areas
Social isolation, support, and capital and nutritional risk in an older sample
Predictors of improvement in social support
Promotion of couples' voluntary counselling and testing for HIV through influential networks in two African capital cities
Predictors of successful CVCT promotion included strategies that can be easily implemented in Africa. As new resources become available for Africans with HIV, CVCT should be broadly implemented as a point of entry for prevention, care and support
The influence of motivational messages on future planning behaviors among HIV concordant positive and discordant couples in Lusaka, Zambia
In Zambia the HIV/AIDS epidemic has resulted in many single female-headed households. Strong patriarchal laws and customs prevent widows and children from maintaining economic assets. This study examines the impact of a video-based motivational intervention promoting future planning in 1,504 HIV-infected couples in Lusaka, Zambia. Following a group video session, couples randomized to the motivational arm could choose to write a will, identify a …
Family caregiving and emotional strain
Visual Function and Cognitive Speed of Processing Mediate Age-Related Decline in Memory Span and Fluid Intelligence
The findings support both the sensory degradation and speed of processing accounts of age-related, cognitive decline. Furthermore, the findings highlight positive aspects of normal cognitive aging in that older age may not be associated with a loss of fluid intelligence if visual sensory functioning and processing speed can be maintained
Development and Validation of Instruments to Assess Potential Religion-Health Mechanisms in an African American Population
The health disparities that negatively affect African Americans are well-documented; however, there are also many sociocultural factors that may play a protective role in health outcomes. Religious involvement is noted to be important in the African American community and to have a positive association with health outcomes. However, few studies have explained why this relationship exists. This article reports on the development and validation of …
Quality of life after stroke
Psychology (51 obras) · Medicine (48 obras) · Gerontology (23 obras) · Clinical Psychology (21 obras) · Psychiatry (21 obras) · Clinical Psychology (19 obras) · Social Psychology (17 obras) · Social Psychology (16 obras) · Health disparities and outcomes (15 obras) · Developmental psychology (14 obras)