Carsten Wrosch
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 383563 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Carsten Wrosch |
| PRENOMES | Carsten |
| SOBRENOME | Wrosch |
| ASSINATURA | WROSCH C |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Concordia University |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-8845-2260 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 30 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 58 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 30 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1999 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 4 |
Maintaining physical activity in older adults
The Lines-of-Defense model postulates that older adults should engage in important health goals and behaviors for as long as possible and adjust them downwardly only when they become impossible to pursue. This process is thought to be supported by goal engagement and self-protective control strategies. We tested this model in a 4-year longitudinal study of 236 older adults by predicting the maintenance of physical activity using accelerometers. W…
Calmness and excitement intensity and variability in old age
The discrete emotion theory of affective aging posits that the adaptive effects of emotions vary depending on their ability to facilitate effective responses to developmental constraints and opportunities. Research suggests that calmness and excitement are two positive emotions with distinct functions and that calmness, but not excitement, supports effective adjustment to developmental constraints in old age, particularly when control perceptions…
Speaking about flexibility
Building on prominent theories of emotional aging (Carstensen, 2006; Charles & Luong, 2013), this study investigated age differences in the variability and situational sensitivity of emotion regulation strategies. We hypothesized that, older, as compared to younger, adults would demonstrate greater temporal variability in their use of emotion regulation strategies and adapt them more flexibly to the perceived controllability of daily stressors. O…
Changes in Purpose in Life and Low-Grade Chronic Inflammation Across Older Adulthood
Background: Older adults often experience an increase in low-grade chronic inflammation. Purpose in life could act as a protective factor as it is associated with beneficial health outcomes. Purpose in life may exert part of its adaptive function by promoting persistence in goal pursuit. During older adulthood, however, when many individuals experience an increase in intractable stressors and declining resources, the adaptive function of purpose …
Examining intra‐ and inter‐personal health effects of optimism and pessimism
INTRODUCTION: Recent meta-analytic research suggests that the absence of pessimism could be a stronger predictor of physical health than the presence of optimism. The present study examined the role of subjective well-being in the effects of optimism and pessimism on physical health in romantic couples. It was hypothesized that pessimism would be more strongly associated with both well-being and health than optimism, intra- and interpersonally. S…
Compensatory health motivations and behaviors scale
Respiratory sinus arrhythmia moderates the interpersonal consequences of brooding rumination
Brooding rumination is an intrapersonal emotion regulation strategy associated with negative interpersonal consequences. Resting respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), a psychophysiological marker of self-regulatory capacity, may buffer the association between maladaptive emotion regulation and negative interpersonal behaviors. The current work examines the moderating effect of RSA on the association between brooding rumination and different negativ…
Discrete negative emotions and goal disengagement in older adulthood
This study examined whether sadness, but not anger, could facilitate adaptive goal disengagement capacity in the context of older adult's stress-related experiences. To this end, we investigated whether the within-person effects of sadness and anger on older adults' goal disengagement capacity were moderated by stress perceptions and diurnal cortisol levels. In addition, we tested whether an association between sadness and goal disengagement capa…
Self-compassion as predictor of daily physical symptoms and chronic illness across older adulthood
This study examined whether self-compassion could benefit daily physical symptoms and chronic illness in early and advanced old age. The hypotheses were evaluated in a 4-year longitudinal study of 264 older adults. Results showed that self-compassion predicted lower levels of daily physical symptoms across the study period in advanced, but not early, old age ( T-ratio = −1.93, p = 0.05). In addition, self-compassion was associated with fewer incr…
Goal adjustment capacities and quality of life
OBJECTIVES: This meta-analysis quantified associations between goal disengagement and goal reengagement capacities with individuals' quality of life (i.e., well-being and health). METHODS: Effect sizes (Fisher's Z'; N = 421) from 31 samples were coded on several characteristics (e.g., goal adjustment capacity, quality of life type/subtype, age, and depression risk status) and analyzed using meta-analytic random effects models. RESULTS: Goal disen…
Why are we together? A dyadic longitudinal investigation of relationship motivation, goal progress, and adjustment
OBJECTIVE: This investigation used self-determination theory to study goal striving in the context of romantic relationships. The study explored how dyadic partners' relationship motivation impacted goal progress, personal well-being, and relationship satisfaction. In addition, the mediating role of relationship goal progress was explored. METHOD: In a prospective longitudinal study, 153 heterosexual couples rated their own relationship motivatio…
Changes in self-esteem and chronic disease across adulthood
Do the Emotional Benefits of Optimism Vary Across Older Adulthood? A Life Span Perspective
This study examined whether the emotional benefits of dispositional optimism for managing stressful encounters decrease across older adulthood. Such an effect might emerge because age‐related declines in opportunities for overcoming stressors could reduce the effectiveness of optimism. This hypothesis was tested in a 6‐year longitudinal study of 171 community‐dwelling older adults (age range = 64–90 years). Hierarchical linear models showed that …
Tracking affect and academic success across university
We examined how positive and negative affect covary within individuals over time and how patterns of association between affective traits and states relate to academic success across 4 years of university. Participants were 187 full-time first-year students at a large Canadian university who completed questionnaires about recent affective experiences in 6 waves across 4 years. Grade point average for each year of study was provided by the registr…
Does Child Gender Predict Older Parents’ Well-Being
Developmental regulation across the life span
How can individuals regulate their own development to live happy, healthy, and productive lives? Major theories of developmental regulation across the life span have been proposed (e.g., dual-process model of assimilation and accommodation; motivational theory of life-span development; model of selection, optimization, and compensation), but they have rarely been integrated. We provide an integration of key processes and predictions postulated by…
Associations Between Health-Related Self-Protection, Diurnal Cortisol, and C-Reactive Protein in Lonely Older Adults
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to examine whether health-related self-protection (e.g., using positive reappraisals or avoiding self-blame) prevents lonely older adults from exhibiting increases in diurnal cortisol secretion and higher levels of C-reactive protein (CRP). METHODS: This longitudinal study (n = 122) examined diurnal cortisol levels (area under the curve) at baseline and 2-year follow-up. Levels of CRP were measured at 6-year …
Goal adjustment capacities, coping, and subjective well-being
This study examined the associations between goal adjustment capacities, coping, and indicators of subjective well-being in 2 waves of data from individuals who provide care for a family member with mental illness. We hypothesized that goal adjustment capacities would predict higher levels of subjective well-being by facilitating coping with caregiving stress. Results showed that goal disengagement was associated with effective care-specific copi…
A motivational theory of life-span development.
This article had four goals. First, the authors identified a set of general challenges and questions that a life-span theory of development should address. Second, they presented a comprehensive account of their Motivational Theory of Life-Span Development. They integrated the model of optimization in primary and secondary control and the action-phase model of developmental regulation with their original life-span theory of control to present a c…
Cortisol Secretion and Functional Disabilities in Old Age
OBJECTIVES: To examine whether the use of health-related control strategies moderates the association between elevated diurnal cortisol secretion and increases in older adults' functional disabilities. METHODS: Functional disabilities of 164 older adults were assessed over 4 years by measuring participants' problems with performing activities of daily living. The main predictors included baseline levels of diurnal cortisol secretion and control s…
Testing Continuity and Activity Variables as Predictors of Positive and Negative Affect in Retirement
This study tested predictions based on continuity and activity theories, examining effects of continuity and change in activity parameters on positive affect (PA) and negative affect (NA). Retired men and women (N = 368) completed measures of everyday activities and affect, repeating the measures after 2 years. Continuity of activity parameters and affect was dominant, although number of activities decreased and ability in activities and NA incre…
Depressive symptoms can be useful
Propositions derived from evolutionary biology and personality psychology suggest that depressive symptoms may serve adaptive functions by enabling people to adjust to unattainable goals, which in turn promotes quality of life. The authors tested this hypothesis in a longitudinal study of adolescent girls involving 4 waves of data collected over approximately 19 months. The authors expected that high baseline levels of depressive symptoms would f…
Giving Up on Unattainable Goals
Three studies examined associations between goal disengagement and goal reengagement tendencies and indicators of physical health (e.g., health problems, cortisol rhythms, sleep efficiency). Based on research showing that goal adjustment tendencies are associated with subjective well-being, the authors predicted that people who are better able to disengage from unattainable goals and reengage with alternative goals also may experience better phys…
The Life Engagement Test
Self‐Regulation Processes and Health
This article discusses how self‐regulatory models can be used to understand people's response to health threats. The article begins with a general discussion of the principles and assumptions of self‐regulatory models of behavior. Two distinct lines of research are then presented addressing two important processes of adaptive self‐regulation. First, we provide a brief overview of the literature on optimism and adjustment to chronic disease and ot…
Control processes before and after passing a developmental deadline
Author: Wrosch, Carsten et al.; Genre: Journal Article; Issued: 1999; Title: Control processes before and after passing a developmental deadline: Activation and deactivation of intimate relationship goals
Developmental regulation across the life span
How can individuals regulate their own development to live happy, healthy, and productive lives? Major theories of developmental regulation across the life span have been proposed (e.g., dual-process model of assimilation and accommodation; motivational theory of life-span development; model of selection, optimization, and compensation), but they have rarely been integrated. We provide an integration of key processes and predictions postulated by…
Tracking affect and academic success across university
We examined how positive and negative affect covary within individuals over time and how patterns of association between affective traits and states relate to academic success across 4 years of university. Participants were 187 full-time first-year students at a large Canadian university who completed questionnaires about recent affective experiences in 6 waves across 4 years. Grade point average for each year of study was provided by the registr…
Testing Continuity and Activity Variables as Predictors of Positive and Negative Affect in Retirement
This study tested predictions based on continuity and activity theories, examining effects of continuity and change in activity parameters on positive affect (PA) and negative affect (NA). Retired men and women (N = 368) completed measures of everyday activities and affect, repeating the measures after 2 years. Continuity of activity parameters and affect was dominant, although number of activities decreased and ability in activities and NA incre…
Depressive symptoms can be useful
Propositions derived from evolutionary biology and personality psychology suggest that depressive symptoms may serve adaptive functions by enabling people to adjust to unattainable goals, which in turn promotes quality of life. The authors tested this hypothesis in a longitudinal study of adolescent girls involving 4 waves of data collected over approximately 19 months. The authors expected that high baseline levels of depressive symptoms would f…
Goal adjustment capacities, coping, and subjective well-being
This study examined the associations between goal adjustment capacities, coping, and indicators of subjective well-being in 2 waves of data from individuals who provide care for a family member with mental illness. We hypothesized that goal adjustment capacities would predict higher levels of subjective well-being by facilitating coping with caregiving stress. Results showed that goal disengagement was associated with effective care-specific copi…
Respiratory sinus arrhythmia moderates the interpersonal consequences of brooding rumination
Brooding rumination is an intrapersonal emotion regulation strategy associated with negative interpersonal consequences. Resting respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), a psychophysiological marker of self-regulatory capacity, may buffer the association between maladaptive emotion regulation and negative interpersonal behaviors. The current work examines the moderating effect of RSA on the association between brooding rumination and different negativ…
Self-compassion as predictor of daily physical symptoms and chronic illness across older adulthood
This study examined whether self-compassion could benefit daily physical symptoms and chronic illness in early and advanced old age. The hypotheses were evaluated in a 4-year longitudinal study of 264 older adults. Results showed that self-compassion predicted lower levels of daily physical symptoms across the study period in advanced, but not early, old age ( T-ratio = −1.93, p = 0.05). In addition, self-compassion was associated with fewer incr…
Does Child Gender Predict Older Parents’ Well-Being
Control processes before and after passing a developmental deadline
Author: Wrosch, Carsten et al.; Genre: Journal Article; Issued: 1999; Title: Control processes before and after passing a developmental deadline: Activation and deactivation of intimate relationship goals
Primary and secondary control strategies for managing health and financial stress across adulthood.
The study examined the relation among three types of control strategies (persistence, positive reappraisals, lowering aspirations) and subjective well-being across adulthood (N -3,490).Specifically, the authors investigated whether age-adapted endorsement of control strategies is conducive to subjective well-being if individuals experience health or financial stress.The results reveal an overall enhanced reliance on control strategies in older as…
Self-Regulation of Normative and Non-Normative Developmental Challenges 1
The article develops the argument that successful management of normatively less expected life events and transitions requires from the individual a greater degree of self-regulatory skills than the management of normative events. It is argued that, based on recent historical change, individuals have to master both normative and non-normative developmental demands. With regard to the mastery of non-normative developmental demands, the individual …
Adaptive Self-Regulation of Unattainable Goals
Three studies examined associations between goal disengagement, goal reengagement, and subjective well-being. In Study 1, 115 undergraduates reported on the extent to which they were able to abandon unattainable goals and reengage their efforts in alternative goals. Study 2 examined the importance of goal disengagement and goal reengagement in groups of young adults and older adults (N = 120). In Study 3, a sample of parents of children with canc…
The Importance of Goal Disengagement in Adaptive Self-Regulation
This paper develops the argument that goal disengagement forms an essential aspect of effective self-regulation. The argument derives from a consideration of processes inherent in the life-span development of the individual, as well as processes inherent in the moment-to-moment regulation of action. Evidence is reviewed to support the idea that goal disengagement can be beneficial to psychological well-being. In addition, the article addresses th…
The Life Engagement Test
Self‐Regulation Processes and Health
This article discusses how self‐regulatory models can be used to understand people's response to health threats. The article begins with a general discussion of the principles and assumptions of self‐regulatory models of behavior. Two distinct lines of research are then presented addressing two important processes of adaptive self‐regulation. First, we provide a brief overview of the literature on optimism and adjustment to chronic disease and ot…
Giving Up on Unattainable Goals
Three studies examined associations between goal disengagement and goal reengagement tendencies and indicators of physical health (e.g., health problems, cortisol rhythms, sleep efficiency). Based on research showing that goal adjustment tendencies are associated with subjective well-being, the authors predicted that people who are better able to disengage from unattainable goals and reengage with alternative goals also may experience better phys…
Cortisol Secretion and Functional Disabilities in Old Age
OBJECTIVES: To examine whether the use of health-related control strategies moderates the association between elevated diurnal cortisol secretion and increases in older adults' functional disabilities. METHODS: Functional disabilities of 164 older adults were assessed over 4 years by measuring participants' problems with performing activities of daily living. The main predictors included baseline levels of diurnal cortisol secretion and control s…
Testing Continuity and Activity Variables as Predictors of Positive and Negative Affect in Retirement
This study tested predictions based on continuity and activity theories, examining effects of continuity and change in activity parameters on positive affect (PA) and negative affect (NA). Retired men and women (N = 368) completed measures of everyday activities and affect, repeating the measures after 2 years. Continuity of activity parameters and affect was dominant, although number of activities decreased and ability in activities and NA incre…
Depressive symptoms can be useful
Propositions derived from evolutionary biology and personality psychology suggest that depressive symptoms may serve adaptive functions by enabling people to adjust to unattainable goals, which in turn promotes quality of life. The authors tested this hypothesis in a longitudinal study of adolescent girls involving 4 waves of data collected over approximately 19 months. The authors expected that high baseline levels of depressive symptoms would f…
A motivational theory of life-span development.
This article had four goals. First, the authors identified a set of general challenges and questions that a life-span theory of development should address. Second, they presented a comprehensive account of their Motivational Theory of Life-Span Development. They integrated the model of optimization in primary and secondary control and the action-phase model of developmental regulation with their original life-span theory of control to present a c…
Goal adjustment capacities, coping, and subjective well-being
This study examined the associations between goal adjustment capacities, coping, and indicators of subjective well-being in 2 waves of data from individuals who provide care for a family member with mental illness. We hypothesized that goal adjustment capacities would predict higher levels of subjective well-being by facilitating coping with caregiving stress. Results showed that goal disengagement was associated with effective care-specific copi…
Associations Between Health-Related Self-Protection, Diurnal Cortisol, and C-Reactive Protein in Lonely Older Adults
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to examine whether health-related self-protection (e.g., using positive reappraisals or avoiding self-blame) prevents lonely older adults from exhibiting increases in diurnal cortisol secretion and higher levels of C-reactive protein (CRP). METHODS: This longitudinal study (n = 122) examined diurnal cortisol levels (area under the curve) at baseline and 2-year follow-up. Levels of CRP were measured at 6-year …
Does Child Gender Predict Older Parents’ Well-Being
Developmental regulation across the life span
How can individuals regulate their own development to live happy, healthy, and productive lives? Major theories of developmental regulation across the life span have been proposed (e.g., dual-process model of assimilation and accommodation; motivational theory of life-span development; model of selection, optimization, and compensation), but they have rarely been integrated. We provide an integration of key processes and predictions postulated by…
Tracking affect and academic success across university
We examined how positive and negative affect covary within individuals over time and how patterns of association between affective traits and states relate to academic success across 4 years of university. Participants were 187 full-time first-year students at a large Canadian university who completed questionnaires about recent affective experiences in 6 waves across 4 years. Grade point average for each year of study was provided by the registr…
Do the Emotional Benefits of Optimism Vary Across Older Adulthood? A Life Span Perspective
This study examined whether the emotional benefits of dispositional optimism for managing stressful encounters decrease across older adulthood. Such an effect might emerge because age‐related declines in opportunities for overcoming stressors could reduce the effectiveness of optimism. This hypothesis was tested in a 6‐year longitudinal study of 171 community‐dwelling older adults (age range = 64–90 years). Hierarchical linear models showed that …
Changes in self-esteem and chronic disease across adulthood
Goal adjustment capacities and quality of life
OBJECTIVES: This meta-analysis quantified associations between goal disengagement and goal reengagement capacities with individuals' quality of life (i.e., well-being and health). METHODS: Effect sizes (Fisher's Z'; N = 421) from 31 samples were coded on several characteristics (e.g., goal adjustment capacity, quality of life type/subtype, age, and depression risk status) and analyzed using meta-analytic random effects models. RESULTS: Goal disen…
Why are we together? A dyadic longitudinal investigation of relationship motivation, goal progress, and adjustment
OBJECTIVE: This investigation used self-determination theory to study goal striving in the context of romantic relationships. The study explored how dyadic partners' relationship motivation impacted goal progress, personal well-being, and relationship satisfaction. In addition, the mediating role of relationship goal progress was explored. METHOD: In a prospective longitudinal study, 153 heterosexual couples rated their own relationship motivatio…
Discrete negative emotions and goal disengagement in older adulthood
This study examined whether sadness, but not anger, could facilitate adaptive goal disengagement capacity in the context of older adult's stress-related experiences. To this end, we investigated whether the within-person effects of sadness and anger on older adults' goal disengagement capacity were moderated by stress perceptions and diurnal cortisol levels. In addition, we tested whether an association between sadness and goal disengagement capa…
Self-compassion as predictor of daily physical symptoms and chronic illness across older adulthood
This study examined whether self-compassion could benefit daily physical symptoms and chronic illness in early and advanced old age. The hypotheses were evaluated in a 4-year longitudinal study of 264 older adults. Results showed that self-compassion predicted lower levels of daily physical symptoms across the study period in advanced, but not early, old age ( T-ratio = −1.93, p = 0.05). In addition, self-compassion was associated with fewer incr…
Examining intra‐ and inter‐personal health effects of optimism and pessimism
INTRODUCTION: Recent meta-analytic research suggests that the absence of pessimism could be a stronger predictor of physical health than the presence of optimism. The present study examined the role of subjective well-being in the effects of optimism and pessimism on physical health in romantic couples. It was hypothesized that pessimism would be more strongly associated with both well-being and health than optimism, intra- and interpersonally. S…
Compensatory health motivations and behaviors scale
Psychology (28 obras) · Developmental psychology (19 obras) · Medicine (18 obras) · Social Psychology (17 obras) · Clinical Psychology (15 obras) · Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction (14 obras) · Aging and Gerontology Research (12 obras) · Gerontology (10 obras) · Psychological and Temporal Perspectives Research (10 obras) · Psychiatry (9 obras)