Jan Ostermann
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 3932827 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Jan Ostermann |
| PRENOMES | Jan |
| SOBRENOME | Ostermann |
| ASSINATURA | OSTERMANN J |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Kathryn Whetten and Rachel Whetten are with the Center for Health Policy and the Health Inequalities Program, Duke University, Durham, NC. Jan Ostermann is with the Department of Community and Family Medicine and the Health Inequalities Program, Duke University. Nathan Thielman is with the Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health and the Health Inequalities Program, Duke University. Marvin Swartz is with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University. Dalene Stangl... |
| VERIFICADO | Não |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 16 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 33 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 16 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2003 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2024 |
| ÍNDICE H | 3 |
A comparison of assessment tools for childcare centers in high vs. low resource settings
Studies suggest issues may arise when using childcare setting assessment tools designed for high-resource settings in low-resource settings to assess and improve the quality of care, including placing disproportionate weight on features of the childcare environment that may not be available or culturally appropriate within the low-resource context. This study compares a novel assessment tool developed in and for low-income and low-resource settin…
Examining Associations between Knowledge and Vaccine Uptake Using the Human Papillomavirus Knowledge Questionnaire (HPV-KQ)
Objectives: Understanding the relationship between human papillomavirus (HPV) knowledge and vaccination behavior is important to inform public health interventions, yet few validated HPV knowledge scales exist. This study describes development of the Human Papillomavirus Knowledge Questionnaire (HPV-KQ) and its validation with parents residing in the southern United States (US). Methods: Drawing on previously published measures, we developed the …
Parental concerns and uptake of childhood vaccines in rural Tanzania – a mixed methods study
Findings from our cross-sectional survey indicate the presence of vaccination delays and maternal concerns related to childhood vaccines in Tanzania. In FGDs, mothers raised issues related to convenience more often than issues related to vaccine confidence or complacency. Further research is necessary to understand how these issues may contribute to the emergence and persistence of vaccine hesitancy and to identify effective mitigation strategies
Civic engagement among orphans and non-orphans in five low- and middle-income countries
BACKGROUND: Communities and nations seeking to foster social responsibility in their youth are interested in understanding factors that predict and promote youth involvement in public activities. Orphans and separated children (OSC) are a vulnerable population whose numbers are increasing, particularly in resource-poor settings. Understanding whether and how OSC are engaged in civic activities is important for community and world leaders who need…
Adverse childhood experiences, psychosocial well-being and cognitive development among orphans and abandoned children in five low income countries
BACKGROUND: Development policymakers and child-care service providers are committed to improving the educational opportunities of the 153 million orphans worldwide. Nevertheless, the relationship between orphanhood and education outcomes is not well understood. Varying factors associated with differential educational attainment leave policymakers uncertain where to intervene. This study examines the relationship between psychosocial well-being an…
HIV testing preferences in Tanzania
Testing decisions appear to be influenced by an array of often inter-linked factors across multiple domains, including quality, confidentiality, and accessibility; perceptions of these factors varied greatly across participants and across available testing options. HCT interventions that jointly target barriers spanning the three domains have the potential to increase uptake of HIV testing and deserve further exploration
Child work and labour among orphaned and abandoned children in five low and middle income countries
BACKGROUND: The care and protection of the estimated 143,000,000 orphaned and abandoned children (OAC) worldwide is of great importance to global policy makers and child service providers in low and middle income countries (LMICs), yet little is known about rates of child labour among OAC, what child and caregiver characteristics predict child engagement in work and labour, or when such work infers with schooling. This study examines rates and co…
Prevalence and predictors of HIV-related stigma among institutional- and community-based caregivers of orphans and vulnerable children living in five less-wealthy countries
The caregiver-child relationship is central to a child's development. OAC already face stigma as a result of their orphaned or abandoned status; the addition of HIV-related stigma represents a double burden for these children. Further research on the prevalence of HIV-related acceptance and stigma among caregivers and implications of such stigma for child development will be critical as the policy community responds to the global HIV/AIDS orphan …
A Comparison of the Wellbeing of Orphans and Abandoned Children Ages 6–12 in Institutional and Community-Based Care Settings in 5 Less Wealthy Nations
BACKGROUND: Leaders are struggling to care for the estimated 143,000,000 orphans and millions more abandoned children worldwide. Global policy makers are advocating that institution-living orphans and abandoned children (OAC) be moved as quickly as possible to a residential family setting and that institutional care be used as a last resort. This analysis tests the hypothesis that institutional care for OAC aged 6-12 is associated with worse heal…
Religion and HIV in Tanzania
The decision to start ARVs hinged primarily on education-level and knowledge about ARVs rather than on religious factors. Research results highlight the influence of religious beliefs on HIV-related stigma and willingness to disclose, and should help to inform HIV-education outreach for religious groups
What length of hospice use maximizes reduction in medical expenditures near death in the US Medicare program
Barriers to Antiretroviral Adherence
Among HIV-infected persons, high-level adherence to antiretroviral medications (>90%-95%) is associated with improved immunologic, virologic, and clinical outcomes, and is necessary to prevent the emergence of viral resistance. This study examines whether lifetime traumatic events including physical and sexual abuse, are associated with antiretroviral nonadherence. We present a cross-sectional analysis of the Coping with HIV/AIDS in the Southeast…
Cost-Effectiveness of Free HIV Voluntary Counseling and Testing Through a Community-Based Aids Service Organization in Northern Tanzania
Objectives. We evaluated the cost-effectiveness of fee-based and free testing strategies at an HIV voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) program integrated into a community-based AIDS service organization in Moshi, Tanzania. Methods. We waived the usual fee schedule during a 2-week free, advertised VCT campaign; analyzed the number of clients testing per day during prefree, free, and postfree testing periods; and estimated the cost-effectiveness…
Exploring Lack of Trust in Care Providers and the Government as a Barrier to Health Service Use
Objectives. We examined associations between trust of health care providers and the government and health service use and outcomes. Methods. Interviews with a sample of 611 HIV-positive individuals included an attitudinal assessment measuring beliefs concerning the creation of AIDS, information being withheld about the disease, and trust of care providers. Results. Trust in care providers was associated with increased HIV-related out-patient clin…
Heavy alcohol use and marital dissolution in the USA
Antecedents of Hospital Ownership Conversions, Mergers, and Closures
This study assesses the determinants of conversions in hospital ownership from 1986 through 1996. To place such changes in context, we also analyze causes of hospital mergers and closures, which are often alternatives to hospital ownership conversion. A consistent result from our analysis is that an important antecedent of ownership conversions is a low profit margin. Conversions from private nonprofit or government ownership to for-profit status…
Exploring Lack of Trust in Care Providers and the Government as a Barrier to Health Service Use
Objectives. We examined associations between trust of health care providers and the government and health service use and outcomes. Methods. Interviews with a sample of 611 HIV-positive individuals included an attitudinal assessment measuring beliefs concerning the creation of AIDS, information being withheld about the disease, and trust of care providers. Results. Trust in care providers was associated with increased HIV-related out-patient clin…
Heavy alcohol use and marital dissolution in the USA
What length of hospice use maximizes reduction in medical expenditures near death in the US Medicare program
Antecedents of Hospital Ownership Conversions, Mergers, and Closures
This study assesses the determinants of conversions in hospital ownership from 1986 through 1996. To place such changes in context, we also analyze causes of hospital mergers and closures, which are often alternatives to hospital ownership conversion. A consistent result from our analysis is that an important antecedent of ownership conversions is a low profit margin. Conversions from private nonprofit or government ownership to for-profit status…
Heavy alcohol use and marital dissolution in the USA
Barriers to Antiretroviral Adherence
Among HIV-infected persons, high-level adherence to antiretroviral medications (>90%-95%) is associated with improved immunologic, virologic, and clinical outcomes, and is necessary to prevent the emergence of viral resistance. This study examines whether lifetime traumatic events including physical and sexual abuse, are associated with antiretroviral nonadherence. We present a cross-sectional analysis of the Coping with HIV/AIDS in the Southeast…
Cost-Effectiveness of Free HIV Voluntary Counseling and Testing Through a Community-Based Aids Service Organization in Northern Tanzania
Objectives. We evaluated the cost-effectiveness of fee-based and free testing strategies at an HIV voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) program integrated into a community-based AIDS service organization in Moshi, Tanzania. Methods. We waived the usual fee schedule during a 2-week free, advertised VCT campaign; analyzed the number of clients testing per day during prefree, free, and postfree testing periods; and estimated the cost-effectiveness…
Exploring Lack of Trust in Care Providers and the Government as a Barrier to Health Service Use
Objectives. We examined associations between trust of health care providers and the government and health service use and outcomes. Methods. Interviews with a sample of 611 HIV-positive individuals included an attitudinal assessment measuring beliefs concerning the creation of AIDS, information being withheld about the disease, and trust of care providers. Results. Trust in care providers was associated with increased HIV-related out-patient clin…
What length of hospice use maximizes reduction in medical expenditures near death in the US Medicare program
A Comparison of the Wellbeing of Orphans and Abandoned Children Ages 6–12 in Institutional and Community-Based Care Settings in 5 Less Wealthy Nations
BACKGROUND: Leaders are struggling to care for the estimated 143,000,000 orphans and millions more abandoned children worldwide. Global policy makers are advocating that institution-living orphans and abandoned children (OAC) be moved as quickly as possible to a residential family setting and that institutional care be used as a last resort. This analysis tests the hypothesis that institutional care for OAC aged 6-12 is associated with worse heal…
Religion and HIV in Tanzania
The decision to start ARVs hinged primarily on education-level and knowledge about ARVs rather than on religious factors. Research results highlight the influence of religious beliefs on HIV-related stigma and willingness to disclose, and should help to inform HIV-education outreach for religious groups
Prevalence and predictors of HIV-related stigma among institutional- and community-based caregivers of orphans and vulnerable children living in five less-wealthy countries
The caregiver-child relationship is central to a child's development. OAC already face stigma as a result of their orphaned or abandoned status; the addition of HIV-related stigma represents a double burden for these children. Further research on the prevalence of HIV-related acceptance and stigma among caregivers and implications of such stigma for child development will be critical as the policy community responds to the global HIV/AIDS orphan …
Child work and labour among orphaned and abandoned children in five low and middle income countries
BACKGROUND: The care and protection of the estimated 143,000,000 orphaned and abandoned children (OAC) worldwide is of great importance to global policy makers and child service providers in low and middle income countries (LMICs), yet little is known about rates of child labour among OAC, what child and caregiver characteristics predict child engagement in work and labour, or when such work infers with schooling. This study examines rates and co…
Adverse childhood experiences, psychosocial well-being and cognitive development among orphans and abandoned children in five low income countries
BACKGROUND: Development policymakers and child-care service providers are committed to improving the educational opportunities of the 153 million orphans worldwide. Nevertheless, the relationship between orphanhood and education outcomes is not well understood. Varying factors associated with differential educational attainment leave policymakers uncertain where to intervene. This study examines the relationship between psychosocial well-being an…
HIV testing preferences in Tanzania
Testing decisions appear to be influenced by an array of often inter-linked factors across multiple domains, including quality, confidentiality, and accessibility; perceptions of these factors varied greatly across participants and across available testing options. HCT interventions that jointly target barriers spanning the three domains have the potential to increase uptake of HIV testing and deserve further exploration
Civic engagement among orphans and non-orphans in five low- and middle-income countries
BACKGROUND: Communities and nations seeking to foster social responsibility in their youth are interested in understanding factors that predict and promote youth involvement in public activities. Orphans and separated children (OSC) are a vulnerable population whose numbers are increasing, particularly in resource-poor settings. Understanding whether and how OSC are engaged in civic activities is important for community and world leaders who need…
Parental concerns and uptake of childhood vaccines in rural Tanzania – a mixed methods study
Findings from our cross-sectional survey indicate the presence of vaccination delays and maternal concerns related to childhood vaccines in Tanzania. In FGDs, mothers raised issues related to convenience more often than issues related to vaccine confidence or complacency. Further research is necessary to understand how these issues may contribute to the emergence and persistence of vaccine hesitancy and to identify effective mitigation strategies
Examining Associations between Knowledge and Vaccine Uptake Using the Human Papillomavirus Knowledge Questionnaire (HPV-KQ)
Objectives: Understanding the relationship between human papillomavirus (HPV) knowledge and vaccination behavior is important to inform public health interventions, yet few validated HPV knowledge scales exist. This study describes development of the Human Papillomavirus Knowledge Questionnaire (HPV-KQ) and its validation with parents residing in the southern United States (US). Methods: Drawing on previously published measures, we developed the …
A comparison of assessment tools for childcare centers in high vs. low resource settings
Studies suggest issues may arise when using childcare setting assessment tools designed for high-resource settings in low-resource settings to assess and improve the quality of care, including placing disproportionate weight on features of the childcare environment that may not be available or culturally appropriate within the low-resource context. This study compares a novel assessment tool developed in and for low-income and low-resource settin…
Medicine (15 obras) · Nursing (10 obras) · Public health (8 obras) · Demography (7 obras) · Psychology (7 obras) · Environmental health (6 obras) · Family medicine (6 obras) · HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions (6 obras) · Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare (6 obras) · Sociology (6 obras)