Sangkuk Lee
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 3962788 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Sangkuk Lee |
| PRENOMES | Sangkuk |
| SOBRENOME | Lee |
| ASSINATURA | LEE S |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Ajou University |
| ORCID | 0009-0000-0866-6251 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 17 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 52 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 17 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2008 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 4 |
Layered meritocracy family background and multiple pathways to success in the Joseon civil service examinations, 1393–1894
How do meritocratic institutions evolve over time, and under what conditions do they serve as vehicles for social mobility versus instruments of elite reproduction? We examine these questions through the Joseon Dynasty’s civil service examination system (1393–1894), one of history’s longest-running experiments in merit-based bureaucratic selection. Drawing on comprehensive individual-level data covering over 14,000 successful candidates across fi…
Centralized power, decentralized ambitions
The Firstborn Advantage
This study examines the strategies employed by elite families to maintain their sociopolitical status, with a particular focus on resource allocation among offspring. Based on the royal genealogies of Joseon Dynasty ( Seonwonrok jokbo ), which span from the late Goryeo (late thirteenth century) to the early Joseon (mid-sixteenth century) periods, the study uses logit regression analysis to identify patterns of inheritance. The findings indicate t…
Building an Archival Database for Visualizing Historical Networks. A Case for Pre-Modern Korea
In this paper, we share the experience of collecting and organizing pre-modern Korean historical materials into a searchable digital archive. The Ajou Interdisciplinary Research Group (AIRG) has continuously collected historical data of pre-modern Korea for the past 10 years to assist the study of family history, historical demographics, and social mobility. This paper describes the rich data sources for historical studies of Korea, such as house…
Strengthening the inner circle
Socioeconomic homogamy is a prominent process for reproducing the social structure in preindustrial societies including East Asian countries. Although Joseon Korea was a centralized bureaucratic state under a king, the stratification system was unique by its ambiguity such that the previlege of an upper class was not officially confirmed. Since the social status was rather conferred by the reputation of the family, the quality of marriage relatio…
Quality over Quantity
In this article, we study social mobility across multiple generations in premodern Korea. Using two extant oldest family records, jokbo, we construct a prospective genealogical microdata containing the entire records of public offices and reproduction over five generations of the two elite family lineages in premodern Korea. We argue that the confluence of an ambiguous stratification system with a limited number of high-ranking offices generated …
The unexpected effect of social status on reproduction
We examine how parents have made decisions about the number of children they have, given their social status in accordance with residential location (either urban or rural areas) and time (either the pre-modern or modern periods). We use two sets of microdata – Jokbo and Jejeokbu – spanning the early nineteenth to mid-twentieth centuries in Korea. Combining the two data-sets, we use multiple imputation to fill the missing entries of some observat…
An Institutional Analysis of Xi Jinping’s Centralization of Power
Xi Jinping swiftly centralized political power shortly after the 18th Chinese Communist Party (CCP) National Congress in 2012, opposing what was predicted when he was elected general secretary. This action also compromises China’s long-term efforts to avert an over-concentration of power among a few elites. This study deals with Xi’s strong ascent to power, defined as the result of institutional change in China’s political power game from the per…
Strategizing Marriage
The genealogy of the Andong Gwon-ssi in the Seongwha period-the oldest extant genealogy in Korean history-offers a unique opportunity to explore political changes and gain insight into the formation of inner circles in Korea during the thirteenth to fifteenth century. Social-network analysis of the marriage networks within this genealogy reveals that for elite families in medieval Korea, marital strategy was as important as ancestry to the mainte…
China’s ‘Three Warfares’
Entering the twenty-first century, China has demonstrated an assertive foreign policy, not only in employing various types of economic and military leverage but also in conducting the Three Warfares (三战) – psychological warfare, public opinion warfare, and legal warfare. This article attempts to identify the motives and methods of China’s Three Warfares by analyzing its history, logic, and agents. Based on this analysis, the author also presents …
Rural migration in Korea
Because industrialization and modernization have been stressed as characteristics of an advanced society, pre-industrial and early industrial societies have often been depicted as sedentary and stable in the literature on migration; however, findings have begun to appear that question such depictions. In this paper, we examine the migration patterns of the rural Korean population during Japanese colonial rule (1910–1945), the period immediately p…
Institution, network and elites’ political attitudes
Unlike China’s other top leaders, PremierWen Jiabao has presented his political views after the 17th CCP Congress. Wen’s assertive attitude for further political reform has attracted attention from international as well as domestic media. This article utilizes both institutionalism and network analysis to explain this uncommon political phenomenon, while it illuminates the drawback of the attribute perspective which has been used popularly to inf…
Long-Term Patterns of Seasonality of Mortality in Korea from the Seventeenth to the Twentieth Century
Owing to the increased concern about climate change, the issue of seasonality of mortality has been significant in the field of demography. As scholars have attempted to discover better data on longevity and population and to find advanced methodologies for applying to their incomplete and biased data, they have paid attention to trace the long-term patterns of seasonality of mortality. Such efforts influence this study to draw the long-term patt…
The effect of social status on women's age at first childbirth in the late seventeenth- to early eighteenth-century Korea
While records on historical population are available and do exist, the fact that they are so limited in nature is a critical problem. We applied the method of family reconstitution to a Korean household register to deal with these limitations. Based on family reconstitution from five successive registers, we calculated women's age at first childbirth for each social status in two ways: "observed woman's age" at first childbirth = woman's current …
The Impacts of Birth Order and Social Status on the Genealogy Register in Thirteenth- to Fifteenth-Century Korea
Despite previous scholarship on family history and demograghy by analyzing clan genealogies in East Asian countries, determining the criteria of likely inclusion in the genealogy remains critical. To establish the determinants of a genealogy register, this article addresses the substantial characteristics of the oldest extant genealogy in Korea, that is, that of the Andong Kwon clan, published in 1476. To determine the most important criterion fo…
A survey of data sources for studies of family and population in Korean history
Compared to China and Japan, family and population studies of pre-modern Korea have not been widely available to scholars outside Korea. As a necessary step to increase scholarship in Korean historical demography, we introduce major historical materials currently available in Korea as useful for historical studies, summarizing demographic variables provided, the type of population covered, and the historical period referred in those historical ma…
Marriage, Social Status, and Family Succession in Medieval Korea (Thirteenth-Fifteenth Centuries)
Despite their significance for historical demographic research, a major limitation of Chinese genealogies is the relative lack of information on daughters, their husbands, and their descendants, which prevents an examination of how the boundary of family was extended through the marriage network. To fill this “hole” in Chinese genealogies, we use the genealogy of the Andong Kwôn clan, published in 1476, the oldest existing genealogy in Korea. Int…
An Institutional Analysis of Xi Jinping’s Centralization of Power
Xi Jinping swiftly centralized political power shortly after the 18th Chinese Communist Party (CCP) National Congress in 2012, opposing what was predicted when he was elected general secretary. This action also compromises China’s long-term efforts to avert an over-concentration of power among a few elites. This study deals with Xi’s strong ascent to power, defined as the result of institutional change in China’s political power game from the per…
A survey of data sources for studies of family and population in Korean history
Compared to China and Japan, family and population studies of pre-modern Korea have not been widely available to scholars outside Korea. As a necessary step to increase scholarship in Korean historical demography, we introduce major historical materials currently available in Korea as useful for historical studies, summarizing demographic variables provided, the type of population covered, and the historical period referred in those historical ma…
China’s ‘Three Warfares’
Entering the twenty-first century, China has demonstrated an assertive foreign policy, not only in employing various types of economic and military leverage but also in conducting the Three Warfares (三战) – psychological warfare, public opinion warfare, and legal warfare. This article attempts to identify the motives and methods of China’s Three Warfares by analyzing its history, logic, and agents. Based on this analysis, the author also presents …
Rural migration in Korea
Because industrialization and modernization have been stressed as characteristics of an advanced society, pre-industrial and early industrial societies have often been depicted as sedentary and stable in the literature on migration; however, findings have begun to appear that question such depictions. In this paper, we examine the migration patterns of the rural Korean population during Japanese colonial rule (1910–1945), the period immediately p…
Strategizing Marriage
The genealogy of the Andong Gwon-ssi in the Seongwha period-the oldest extant genealogy in Korean history-offers a unique opportunity to explore political changes and gain insight into the formation of inner circles in Korea during the thirteenth to fifteenth century. Social-network analysis of the marriage networks within this genealogy reveals that for elite families in medieval Korea, marital strategy was as important as ancestry to the mainte…
Marriage, Social Status, and Family Succession in Medieval Korea (Thirteenth-Fifteenth Centuries)
Despite their significance for historical demographic research, a major limitation of Chinese genealogies is the relative lack of information on daughters, their husbands, and their descendants, which prevents an examination of how the boundary of family was extended through the marriage network. To fill this “hole” in Chinese genealogies, we use the genealogy of the Andong Kwôn clan, published in 1476, the oldest existing genealogy in Korea. Int…
Quality over Quantity
In this article, we study social mobility across multiple generations in premodern Korea. Using two extant oldest family records, jokbo, we construct a prospective genealogical microdata containing the entire records of public offices and reproduction over five generations of the two elite family lineages in premodern Korea. We argue that the confluence of an ambiguous stratification system with a limited number of high-ranking offices generated …
Strengthening the inner circle
Socioeconomic homogamy is a prominent process for reproducing the social structure in preindustrial societies including East Asian countries. Although Joseon Korea was a centralized bureaucratic state under a king, the stratification system was unique by its ambiguity such that the previlege of an upper class was not officially confirmed. Since the social status was rather conferred by the reputation of the family, the quality of marriage relatio…
The effect of social status on women's age at first childbirth in the late seventeenth- to early eighteenth-century Korea
While records on historical population are available and do exist, the fact that they are so limited in nature is a critical problem. We applied the method of family reconstitution to a Korean household register to deal with these limitations. Based on family reconstitution from five successive registers, we calculated women's age at first childbirth for each social status in two ways: "observed woman's age" at first childbirth = woman's current …
The Impacts of Birth Order and Social Status on the Genealogy Register in Thirteenth- to Fifteenth-Century Korea
Despite previous scholarship on family history and demograghy by analyzing clan genealogies in East Asian countries, determining the criteria of likely inclusion in the genealogy remains critical. To establish the determinants of a genealogy register, this article addresses the substantial characteristics of the oldest extant genealogy in Korea, that is, that of the Andong Kwon clan, published in 1476. To determine the most important criterion fo…
A survey of data sources for studies of family and population in Korean history
Compared to China and Japan, family and population studies of pre-modern Korea have not been widely available to scholars outside Korea. As a necessary step to increase scholarship in Korean historical demography, we introduce major historical materials currently available in Korea as useful for historical studies, summarizing demographic variables provided, the type of population covered, and the historical period referred in those historical ma…
Marriage, Social Status, and Family Succession in Medieval Korea (Thirteenth-Fifteenth Centuries)
Despite their significance for historical demographic research, a major limitation of Chinese genealogies is the relative lack of information on daughters, their husbands, and their descendants, which prevents an examination of how the boundary of family was extended through the marriage network. To fill this “hole” in Chinese genealogies, we use the genealogy of the Andong Kwôn clan, published in 1476, the oldest existing genealogy in Korea. Int…
The effect of social status on women's age at first childbirth in the late seventeenth- to early eighteenth-century Korea
While records on historical population are available and do exist, the fact that they are so limited in nature is a critical problem. We applied the method of family reconstitution to a Korean household register to deal with these limitations. Based on family reconstitution from five successive registers, we calculated women's age at first childbirth for each social status in two ways: "observed woman's age" at first childbirth = woman's current …
The Impacts of Birth Order and Social Status on the Genealogy Register in Thirteenth- to Fifteenth-Century Korea
Despite previous scholarship on family history and demograghy by analyzing clan genealogies in East Asian countries, determining the criteria of likely inclusion in the genealogy remains critical. To establish the determinants of a genealogy register, this article addresses the substantial characteristics of the oldest extant genealogy in Korea, that is, that of the Andong Kwon clan, published in 1476. To determine the most important criterion fo…
Institution, network and elites’ political attitudes
Unlike China’s other top leaders, PremierWen Jiabao has presented his political views after the 17th CCP Congress. Wen’s assertive attitude for further political reform has attracted attention from international as well as domestic media. This article utilizes both institutionalism and network analysis to explain this uncommon political phenomenon, while it illuminates the drawback of the attribute perspective which has been used popularly to inf…
Long-Term Patterns of Seasonality of Mortality in Korea from the Seventeenth to the Twentieth Century
Owing to the increased concern about climate change, the issue of seasonality of mortality has been significant in the field of demography. As scholars have attempted to discover better data on longevity and population and to find advanced methodologies for applying to their incomplete and biased data, they have paid attention to trace the long-term patterns of seasonality of mortality. Such efforts influence this study to draw the long-term patt…
Rural migration in Korea
Because industrialization and modernization have been stressed as characteristics of an advanced society, pre-industrial and early industrial societies have often been depicted as sedentary and stable in the literature on migration; however, findings have begun to appear that question such depictions. In this paper, we examine the migration patterns of the rural Korean population during Japanese colonial rule (1910–1945), the period immediately p…
China’s ‘Three Warfares’
Entering the twenty-first century, China has demonstrated an assertive foreign policy, not only in employing various types of economic and military leverage but also in conducting the Three Warfares (三战) – psychological warfare, public opinion warfare, and legal warfare. This article attempts to identify the motives and methods of China’s Three Warfares by analyzing its history, logic, and agents. Based on this analysis, the author also presents …
The unexpected effect of social status on reproduction
We examine how parents have made decisions about the number of children they have, given their social status in accordance with residential location (either urban or rural areas) and time (either the pre-modern or modern periods). We use two sets of microdata – Jokbo and Jejeokbu – spanning the early nineteenth to mid-twentieth centuries in Korea. Combining the two data-sets, we use multiple imputation to fill the missing entries of some observat…
An Institutional Analysis of Xi Jinping’s Centralization of Power
Xi Jinping swiftly centralized political power shortly after the 18th Chinese Communist Party (CCP) National Congress in 2012, opposing what was predicted when he was elected general secretary. This action also compromises China’s long-term efforts to avert an over-concentration of power among a few elites. This study deals with Xi’s strong ascent to power, defined as the result of institutional change in China’s political power game from the per…
Strategizing Marriage
The genealogy of the Andong Gwon-ssi in the Seongwha period-the oldest extant genealogy in Korean history-offers a unique opportunity to explore political changes and gain insight into the formation of inner circles in Korea during the thirteenth to fifteenth century. Social-network analysis of the marriage networks within this genealogy reveals that for elite families in medieval Korea, marital strategy was as important as ancestry to the mainte…
Quality over Quantity
In this article, we study social mobility across multiple generations in premodern Korea. Using two extant oldest family records, jokbo, we construct a prospective genealogical microdata containing the entire records of public offices and reproduction over five generations of the two elite family lineages in premodern Korea. We argue that the confluence of an ambiguous stratification system with a limited number of high-ranking offices generated …
Strengthening the inner circle
Socioeconomic homogamy is a prominent process for reproducing the social structure in preindustrial societies including East Asian countries. Although Joseon Korea was a centralized bureaucratic state under a king, the stratification system was unique by its ambiguity such that the previlege of an upper class was not officially confirmed. Since the social status was rather conferred by the reputation of the family, the quality of marriage relatio…
Building an Archival Database for Visualizing Historical Networks. A Case for Pre-Modern Korea
In this paper, we share the experience of collecting and organizing pre-modern Korean historical materials into a searchable digital archive. The Ajou Interdisciplinary Research Group (AIRG) has continuously collected historical data of pre-modern Korea for the past 10 years to assist the study of family history, historical demographics, and social mobility. This paper describes the rich data sources for historical studies of Korea, such as house…
Centralized power, decentralized ambitions
The Firstborn Advantage
This study examines the strategies employed by elite families to maintain their sociopolitical status, with a particular focus on resource allocation among offspring. Based on the royal genealogies of Joseon Dynasty ( Seonwonrok jokbo ), which span from the late Goryeo (late thirteenth century) to the early Joseon (mid-sixteenth century) periods, the study uses logit regression analysis to identify patterns of inheritance. The findings indicate t…
Layered meritocracy family background and multiple pathways to success in the Joseon civil service examinations, 1393–1894
How do meritocratic institutions evolve over time, and under what conditions do they serve as vehicles for social mobility versus instruments of elite reproduction? We examine these questions through the Joseon Dynasty’s civil service examination system (1393–1894), one of history’s longest-running experiments in merit-based bureaucratic selection. Drawing on comprehensive individual-level data covering over 14,000 successful candidates across fi…
Sociology (14 obras) · Demography (10 obras) · Political science (10 obras) · Geography (9 obras) · Economics (8 obras) · History (8 obras) · Demographic Trends and Gender Preferences (7 obras) · Law (7 obras) · Genealogy (6 obras) · Law (6 obras)