William P Paré
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 4095775 |
|---|---|
| NOME | William P Paré |
| PRENOMES | William P |
| SOBRENOME | Paré |
| ASSINATURA | PARÉ W P |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Boston College |
| VERIFICADO | Não |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 12 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 1 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 12 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1964 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1999 |
| ÍNDICE H | 1 |
Gender differences in acute and chronic stress in Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats
Effect of stress on the behavior and 5-HT system in Sprague-Dawley and Wistar Kyoto rat strains
Learning behavior, escape behavior, and depression in an ulcer susceptible rat strain
Effects of coping behavior on gastric lesions in rats as a function of predictability of shock
Rats received shock that was predicted by either a light signal alone, light-tone complex signal or no signal. In the light signal alone and light-tone complex signal conditions, experimental rats which could avoid and/or escape shock developed less gastric ulceration than did yoked “helpless” rats which had exactly the same shock but had no control over shock. In the non-signal condition, however, the experimental rats did not differ from the ma…
Sex Differences and Incidence of Activity-Stress Ulcers in the Rat
Female rats housed in running-wheel activity cages and fed 1 hr. daily ran significantly more than similarly housed and fed male rats. Male rats survived an average of 10 days, whereas mean survival time for female rats was 7.3 days. Experimental activity rats developed glandular stomach ulcers. Pair fed controls housed in cages without activity wheels were ulcer-free. Among experimental activity rats, there were no sex differences with respect t…
Anticholinergics
Two anticholinergics (scopolamine hydrobromide and scopolamine methylbromide—.5, .7 mg) were administered to dogs while they were subjected to a Sidman nondiscriminated avoidance schedule which contained seven conditioned stimuli-unavoidable shock (CS-US) pairings. Both anticholinergics significantly elevated urinary 11-hydroxycorticosteroids and heart rate, while only the central acting agent, scopolamine hydrobromide, affected behavior. These r…
Gastric Ulcers in the Rat as a Function of the Temporal Relationship Between Punishment and Reward
This experiment investigated the effectiveness of four conflict situations in inducing stomach lesions in rats. The four conflict situations differed in that shock was made contingent to responses which varied in their temporal proximity to the consummatory response. Using an operant lever pressing response, rewarded by food on a VI 2-minute schedule, grid shock was presented either: (a) after a nonrewarded lever response, (b) after a response wh…
Effect of Duration of Environmental Stress on Stomach Ulceration and Adrenal Ascorbic Acid
Four groups of rats were exposed to unavoidable tone-shock presentations for either 1 hr., 24 hr., 5 days, or 24 days. Upon termination of each stress-duration period, adrenal ascorbic acid (AAA) determinations were made and stomachs were inspected for ulcers. The AAA response manifested the typical adaptation function. Ulcers were not observed in any of the 4 stress-duration groups. Previous similar research was re-evaluated in the light of the …
Emotional Behavior and Adrenal Function in the Rat
The relationship of open-field behaviors (latency, ambulation, rearing, and defecation) and adrenal weight and adrenal ascorbic acid (AAA) was investigated. 38 male Sprague-Dawley rats received one daily trial in the open field for 4 days. Measures of adrenal weight and AAA were subsequently obtained. Correlations between variables indicated no meaningful relationship between emotional defecation and adrenal responses. Rearing correlated signific…
Stress and Consummatory Behavior in the Albino Rat
This study investigated the relationship between intense chronic stress and body weight changes. Variations in food and water consumption, urine volume, and BMR were also observed. Twelve rats were subjected to tone-shock pairings 20 hr. daily for 22 days. Twelve rats received only one shock; 12 rats received neither shock nor tone; and 12 rats served as home-cage controls. Animals subjected to the tone-shock condition manifested a significant bo…
Modification of Emotionality in the Rat as a Function of Prolonged Shock Stress
In order to investigate the effect of chronic stress on open-field behavior in adult organisms, 24 male, 95-day-old rats, equated with 24 control Ss, were subjected to tone-shock stress 20 hr. daily for 26 days. Open-field responses of latency, ambulation, rearing and emotional elimination (EE) were obtained on 4 subsequent open-field trials. In addition to a significant adrenal hypertrophy, chronic stress produced a significant decrease in laten…
Relationship of Various Behaviors in the Open-Field Test of Emotionality
Using Hall's open-field test of emotionality, measures of latency, ambulation, rearing, defecation, urination, and squealing were obtained from 126 male Sprague-Dawley rats for 4 daily sessions. Defecation correlated significantly only with urination. The hypothesis that defecation and ambulation are inversely related was not confirmed. Emotionality, in the rat, is best defined by amount of defecation in the open field
Modification of Emotionality in the Rat as a Function of Prolonged Shock Stress
In order to investigate the effect of chronic stress on open-field behavior in adult organisms, 24 male, 95-day-old rats, equated with 24 control Ss, were subjected to tone-shock stress 20 hr. daily for 26 days. Open-field responses of latency, ambulation, rearing and emotional elimination (EE) were obtained on 4 subsequent open-field trials. In addition to a significant adrenal hypertrophy, chronic stress produced a significant decrease in laten…
Relationship of Various Behaviors in the Open-Field Test of Emotionality
Using Hall's open-field test of emotionality, measures of latency, ambulation, rearing, defecation, urination, and squealing were obtained from 126 male Sprague-Dawley rats for 4 daily sessions. Defecation correlated significantly only with urination. The hypothesis that defecation and ambulation are inversely related was not confirmed. Emotionality, in the rat, is best defined by amount of defecation in the open field
Emotional Behavior and Adrenal Function in the Rat
The relationship of open-field behaviors (latency, ambulation, rearing, and defecation) and adrenal weight and adrenal ascorbic acid (AAA) was investigated. 38 male Sprague-Dawley rats received one daily trial in the open field for 4 days. Measures of adrenal weight and AAA were subsequently obtained. Correlations between variables indicated no meaningful relationship between emotional defecation and adrenal responses. Rearing correlated signific…
Stress and Consummatory Behavior in the Albino Rat
This study investigated the relationship between intense chronic stress and body weight changes. Variations in food and water consumption, urine volume, and BMR were also observed. Twelve rats were subjected to tone-shock pairings 20 hr. daily for 22 days. Twelve rats received only one shock; 12 rats received neither shock nor tone; and 12 rats served as home-cage controls. Animals subjected to the tone-shock condition manifested a significant bo…
Effect of Duration of Environmental Stress on Stomach Ulceration and Adrenal Ascorbic Acid
Four groups of rats were exposed to unavoidable tone-shock presentations for either 1 hr., 24 hr., 5 days, or 24 days. Upon termination of each stress-duration period, adrenal ascorbic acid (AAA) determinations were made and stomachs were inspected for ulcers. The AAA response manifested the typical adaptation function. Ulcers were not observed in any of the 4 stress-duration groups. Previous similar research was re-evaluated in the light of the …
Gastric Ulcers in the Rat as a Function of the Temporal Relationship Between Punishment and Reward
This experiment investigated the effectiveness of four conflict situations in inducing stomach lesions in rats. The four conflict situations differed in that shock was made contingent to responses which varied in their temporal proximity to the consummatory response. Using an operant lever pressing response, rewarded by food on a VI 2-minute schedule, grid shock was presented either: (a) after a nonrewarded lever response, (b) after a response wh…
Anticholinergics
Two anticholinergics (scopolamine hydrobromide and scopolamine methylbromide—.5, .7 mg) were administered to dogs while they were subjected to a Sidman nondiscriminated avoidance schedule which contained seven conditioned stimuli-unavoidable shock (CS-US) pairings. Both anticholinergics significantly elevated urinary 11-hydroxycorticosteroids and heart rate, while only the central acting agent, scopolamine hydrobromide, affected behavior. These r…
Sex Differences and Incidence of Activity-Stress Ulcers in the Rat
Female rats housed in running-wheel activity cages and fed 1 hr. daily ran significantly more than similarly housed and fed male rats. Male rats survived an average of 10 days, whereas mean survival time for female rats was 7.3 days. Experimental activity rats developed glandular stomach ulcers. Pair fed controls housed in cages without activity wheels were ulcer-free. Among experimental activity rats, there were no sex differences with respect t…
Effects of coping behavior on gastric lesions in rats as a function of predictability of shock
Rats received shock that was predicted by either a light signal alone, light-tone complex signal or no signal. In the light signal alone and light-tone complex signal conditions, experimental rats which could avoid and/or escape shock developed less gastric ulceration than did yoked “helpless” rats which had exactly the same shock but had no control over shock. In the non-signal condition, however, the experimental rats did not differ from the ma…
Learning behavior, escape behavior, and depression in an ulcer susceptible rat strain
Effect of stress on the behavior and 5-HT system in Sprague-Dawley and Wistar Kyoto rat strains
Gender differences in acute and chronic stress in Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats
Internal Medicine (12 obras) · Medicine (12 obras) · Psychology (11 obras) · Stress Responses and Cortisol (10 obras) · Internal Medicine (9 obras) · Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior (7 obras) · Developmental psychology (5 obras) · Endocrinology (5 obras) · Open field (5 obras) · Physiology (5 obras)